Enhanced CD3^+/CD4^+ T Cell Activities and Modulation of Th1/Th2 Lineage Development in Irradiated Rats Due to Treatment with the Male Zooid of Antheraea Pernyi Extracts

Objective： Cancer patients undergoing large dose radiotherapy exhibit multifaceted defects in their immune capacity that are likely to contribute to an increased susceptibility to infections and disease progression. The immune impairment may also constitute a barrier to effective immunotherapeutic interventions. Here, we evaluate whether supplementation with the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts could enhance immune function in irradiated rats. Methods： Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a simple radiation group and a treatment group. The mice in the simple irradiation and treatment groups were given whole-chest irradiation with 6Gy. In the treatment group, the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts was gavaged at the doses of 16.53mg/kg （large dose group）, 2.62mg/kg （medium dose group）, and 0.564mg/kg （small dose group） once a day for 14 days. The thymus and spleen indices were calculated. T cell subsets in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry and the expressions of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in sera were determined by ELISA on the 15th day. Results： The thymus index and spleen index of the high dose treatment group were statistically lower than that of the control group and higher than that of the radiation group （P〈0.01）. CD3＋ and CD4＋ T cells in the peripheral blood were increased in the high dose treatment group and decreased in the radiation group （P〈0.01）. Expression of IL-2 and INF-T in the radiation group was lower than that in control, and significantly increased during therapy. The production of IL-4 and IL-10 could be induced by radiation and was inhibited in the high dose treatment group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Our data indicate that the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts may be administrated to improve immune function in irradiated rats and reverse the radial immune inhibition of rats by stimulating the proliferation of Th ceils and inducing the differentiation of Th2 to Th1.

Immunization of mice with concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyi

AIM: To study the effects of concentrated liquor from male zooid of Antheraea pernyi on immunological mice.METHODS: For each experiment, 40 mice were randomly divided into normal saline group (control group) and three tested groups that were administered different dosages of concentrated liquor from male zooid of A. pernyi and food for 15 d. The typical FSR and HC50 value, monocyte-phagocytic exponent Kand emendated monocyte-phagocytic exponent α were determined and calculated respectively.RESULTS: After 24 and 48 h, the FSR values of the three tested groups improved significantly in comparison to the control group by variance analysis. The HC50 values showed a significant difference between the high dosage group and the control group, as well as between the high dosage group and other two tested groups. The monocyte-phagocytic exponent Kand emendated exponent α showed rising tendencies, but no significant differences were found by variance analysis.CONCLUSION: The concentrated liquor from male zooid of A. pernyi can significantly enhance cellular and humoral immune function in mice, but has no distinct influence on the monocyte-phagocytic system in mice.

Enhancement of CD4^+ T cell activities and modulation of Th1/Th2 lineage development in radiated tumor-bearing rats treated with male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts

AIM: To investigate whether supplementation of male zooid of Antheraea pernyi extracts (MZAPE) could enhance immune function of radiated tumor-bearing rats. METHODS: Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a simple radiation group, a MZAPE group, and a radiation plus MZAPE group. With the tumor model established by implanting Walker-256 ascites tumor cells, tumor weight and tumor control rate were calculated. The rats in the simple radiation and radiation plus MZAPE groups were underwent to radiation at 10 Gy within 2 d. In the MZAPE and radiation plus MZAPE groups, the MZAPE was gavaged at a dose of 16.53 mg/kg once a day for 7 d. T cell subsets in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry and the expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in sera were determined by ELISA on the 8th d. RESULTS: The tumor weight of simple radiation group, MZAPE group and radiation plus MZAPE group was lower than that of control group (P < 0.01) and tumor control rates were 63.08% ± 6.43%, 69.86% ± 7.12% and 35.30% ± 7.67%, respectively. CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood of the simple radiation group were fewer than in control group. In the MZAPE and radiation plus MZAPE groups, the number of CD4+ T cells was higher while CD8+ T cells was lower than in the control and simple radiation groups. Expression of IL-2 and INF-γ in the radiation group was lower than in control group, and significantly enhanced during MZAPE therapy (P < 0.05). Expression of IL-4 and IL-10 in the radiation group had no significant changes compared with the control group, and decreased significantly after MZAPE treatment (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: MZAPE administration may help improve the immune function of the radiated tumor-bearing rats and reverse the radiation-induced immune inhibition by promoting the proliferation of T helper cells and inducing the transdifferentiation from Th2 to Th1.

柞蚕不同极性部位的体外抗氧化活性研究

目的以柞蚕雄蛹和雄蛾为研究对象,考察柞蚕的体外抗氧化活性。方法雄蚕蛹粉和雄蛾粉经80%乙醇提取后用石油醚、正丁醇进行萃取,得到石油醚层、正丁醇层和水层,通过紫外-可见分光光度法测定总提物及3个活性部位对超氧阴离子自由基(O-2·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH·)和2,2'-联氮-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)自由基(ABTS+·)的清除能力。结果雄蚕蛹和雄蚕蛾均具有较好的抗氧化活性,其总提液清除O-2·、·OH、DPPH·和ABTS+·的IC50值分别为8.82324 g/L,12.09121 g/L,0.12991 g/L,0.22706 g/L和8.09633 g/L,14.55845 g/L,2.30111 g/L,10.00324 g/L。在极性分部位实验中,雄蛹和雄蛾不同活性部位清除自由基的能力均为:水层>正丁醇层>石油醚层。结论雄蚕蛹和柞蚕雄蛾具有较好的抗氧化活性,有良好的综合抗氧化性和开发应用前景。

柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液影响小鼠免疫功能的实验研究

目的 :研究柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液对小鼠细胞免疫 ,体液免疫及小鼠单核吞噬系统功能的影响。方法 :每项实验均40只小鼠随机分为生理盐水组和高、中、低 3个剂量的柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液给药组 ,经口灌胃给药连续 15d。分别测定计算代表细胞免疫的足垫肿胀反应值FSR(mm) ,代表体液免疫反应的半数溶血值 (HC50 )值 ,反映小鼠单核吞噬系统对异物胶体炭粒清除功能的吞噬指数K及校正吞噬指数α。结果 :2 4h及 48h足垫肿胀反应值在给药各组均较对照组增高 ,经方差分析差异有统计学意义 ( 2 4hP <0 0 1,48hP <0 0 0 1) ;HC50 值 ,高剂量组与对照组相比有统计学意义 ,P <0 0 1,且高剂量组分别与低剂量组和中剂量组相比有统计学意义 ,P <0 0 1;吞噬指数K及校正吞噬指数α虽有一定增高趋势 ,但经方差分析各组之间差异无统计学意义 ,P >0 0 5。结论 :柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液可显著增强小鼠细胞免疫功能 ,对小鼠体液免疫反应有一定增强作用 。

柞蚕雄蛾提取液对放疗后荷瘤大鼠Th1/Th2漂移的影响

目的:研究柞蚕雄蛾提取液对放疗后荷瘤大鼠Th1/Th2平衡的影响及机制。方法:60只雄性Wistar大鼠建立W256荷瘤模型,随机分为模型组、单纯放疗组和实验组即放疗联合蚕蛾提取液治疗组,每组各20只。单纯放疗组和实验组给予常规放疗,5Gy/天,连续照射2天,总量10Gy。照射后10天取大鼠脾脏和胸腺,并计算脏器指数;用流式细胞术(FCM)检测外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化;用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)测定血清中Th1型细胞因子INF-γ和Th2型细胞因子IL-4含量;用免疫组化检测脾脏中Th1型细胞因子INF-γ、Th2型细胞因子IL-4表达变化。结果:实验组与单纯放疗组比较,荷瘤大鼠脾脏和胸腺指数升高;荷瘤大鼠外周血中CD4+T细胞比例与CD4+T/CD8+T值增加;荷瘤大鼠血清中细胞因子INF-γ含量明显升高,而IL-4含量显著降低;脾脏中INF-γ表达增加,IL-4表达减弱。结论:柞蚕雄蛾提取液可以改善荷瘤大鼠放疗后免疫功能抑制状态,改变荷瘤机体免疫功能,可作为恶性肿瘤传统放疗中的辅助用药。