＂Heaven＂ and ＂Man＂ under the Reconstitution of the Confucianism -- from ＂Heaven and Man Being Related＂ to ＂Heaven and Man Being in One＂

Through analysis of the relationship between heaven and man and the development of the ideology in the developing process from the pre- Qin Confucianism, the cosmology Confucianism of the Han Dynasty to the formation of the Confucian School of idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming dynasties, this paper attempts to explore the Confucianism ideology from social structure, cultural integration and environmental change and so on, so as to points out that Confucianism does not collapse with the disintegration of the social structure; instead,it realizes self- reconstruction and renovation.

Study on the "Coexistence between Heaven and Man" Concept and the Chinese Vernacular Architecture Concept

On the basis of the characteristics of ancient Chinese culture,the paper discusses the formation inevitability of the 'Coexistence between Heaven and Man' building concept,the connection and the differences with the ecological concept of modern Chinese Vernacular Architecture.The key point is that the contemporary design should absorb the ancient Chinese culture of the 'Coexistence between Heaven and Man' building concept and the essence of Chinese Vernacular Architecture ecological concept,forming the design features of local ecology based on the environmental protection and harmonious coexistence.

LET MAN DEVELOP IN HARMONY WITH NATURE

The development of human society is a process of continuous evolution in which humankind learns to understand, make use of, renovate and adapt itself to nature. Invariably,the CAS always attaches great importance to the comprehensive study of the protection and upgrade of the ecosystem for human existence and the co-ordination of relations between humankind and nature,and considers it of strategic significance for the overall S&T development of the country.As a result of painstaking efforts by generations of CAS professionals, a comprehensive research contingent has

Protecting Our Common Homestead:A Comparative Study on Attitudes Towards Man and Nature in Chinese and the Western Culture

In light of increasingly worsening environmental pollution,this paper,through comparing different attitudes towards the relationship between man and nature in Chinese and the western culture,points out rebuilding a harmonious relationship between man and nature is the common object of human being,and appeals to people to shake off man-centered thinking pattern,and to treat nature as our friend.

The Thought of the Oneness Between Man and Nature in Walden

From the view of the ecological theory, this paper tries to analyze that Thoreau uses Chinese traditional philosophical thought--- the oneness of man and nature to deal with the relationship of human beings and the nature in Walden.

An East-West Encounter in Underground Man： Harmony in Gabriel Tarde and in Chinese Philosophy

French philosopher Gabriel Tarde is known as a philosopher who describes sociology ontologically with an integrated approach and mostly by means of metaphysical interpretations. Opposing his coeval Durkheim＇s “social fact”, Tarde claims that this notion constitutes a methodological problem and the term “social” of Durkheim＇s crowds out “variability of relations”. According to him, determinants in social relations are more general and dynamic notions, such as： “change”, “contrast”, and “adaptation”. In this respect, not quite celebrated in his era, this philosopher is widely known as a metaphysician as well as a sociologist. His metaphysical ideas are clearly visible in various sections of his works, where he described with inspirations from natural phenomenon. Descriptions and analysis on natural phenomena constitute the greater part of his works. He points out similarities between the universe and the world of men in terms of functioning. Presenting these similarities, Tarde seems to reject any division between the men and the nature built up by “positive philosophy” and modern understanding. With his natural descriptions and concepts he inferred from these descriptions, such as“contradiction” and “harmony”, he almost tries to re-establish the bonds between the nature and the social life. Tarde＇s perception of holistic being and his ideas of “contradiction” and “harmony” in nature, are very close to the most basic axioms of the traditional Chinese thought. As a matter of fact, Tarde denotes these similarities in his novella called “Fragment d＇histoire future （Underground Man）”. It is also an example to display an “East-West encounter” on a fictional plane.

Harmony between man and nature:the base for the harmonious society

The harmony between man and nature is the base for the harmonious society. It is determined by the eco-ruleand eco-economic rule. Human being should not violate the eco-rule. However, human being can make eco-systemsupply suit economic growth and its speed through systematical innovation and restriction of human economic activityand choice. Through technological innovation, efficiency satisfaction of unit resource can be increased; structure andfunction of eco-system can be perfected; supply capability of eco-system can be improved. To build the harmonioussociety, human should consider the reasonable distribution of limited resources from two sides. The first one is that theutilization of two functions of resource supply and pollution purification to nature should not exceed its special supplycapability formed under its special structure and function states, i.e. harmony between man and nature. The second sideis human being should think over the reasonable and effective distribution of limited resources in economic society, i.e.harmony between human beings and society. The reasonable economic activity of human being is the key to the harmo-nious development of man and nature.

Hypotheses of ＂Harmonious Man＂： The Humanity Upgrade of Management and It＇s Sustainability Significance

Hypotheses of humanity is the logical premise and foundation of institution design and perfect. ＂Political man＂ had boosted the sprout of ancient democracy polity, ＂economic man＂ has accelerated the development of market economy in immediate and modern times, ＂free man＂ described the blueprint of future society, and ＂harmonious man＂ will promote the construction of harmonious society and the development of management to conducting oneself so as to serve others. The article explains the theory headstream, abstract ways, basic intension and sustainability effect to the hypotheses of＂harmonious man＂.

Man and Nature in Chinese and Western Traditions

The Chinese conception of "oneness with man and heaven"and the Western tradition of man’s separation from nature accompanied by a subject- object dichotomy are the cores of each culture, which largely decides the discrepancy in various aspects of the Chinese and Western ways. To have an embedded and penetrating idea about the differences between the two cultures, it is necessary to gain sufficient knowledge of man- nature relation in dominant Chinese and Western conceptions. This paper aims to explore this issue from the perspective of Taoism and Confucianism in Chinese context, and ancient Greek and Hebraic heritage and modern mechanical view in Western tradition.

On the Theory of Harmonious Co-existence between Man and Nature by Marx and Engels

Marx and Engles believed that man and nature develop harmoniously, when the activities of man constitute the content of nature, which is changed constantly because of the activities of man. Marx and Engles also pointed out the duality of the conquest, change and influence exerted on nature by man. On one hand, it can improve people’s living conditions and make people free from the enslavement of the nature. On the other hand, it may also lead to excessively snatching and wrecking nature, then make the deterioration of the environment and ecology out of balance. They also, from the technical angle of ecology, put forward the concrete measures to realize the harmonious symbiosis of man and nature in the development of economy. They also believed that only when socialism or communism is realized, can the conciliation of mankind and nature be realized finally. Marx and Engle’s theory of harmonious symbiosis of man and nature is of great theoretical directive significance for us to insist on the scientific development view.

Establish Rational Ecological Man to Construct the Harmonious Society

Rational Ecological Man （REM） is the integration of government, enterprise and the public, which plays an important role in our society. This paper firstly clarifies the definition of REM and regards that REM differs essentially from Rational Economic Man. Subsequently, the.paper analyzes the signi＇ficance of establishing REM to construct the harmonious society. Finally, the paper provides some specific suggestions on how to establish REM.

Emancipative Development in Contemporary World Politics

In the contemporary world, various political actors, both within and outside of states, have continued to break through subjective and objective constraints to participate more and more widely in the political activities of the world society, which has promoted inclusiveness in the relationship between all actors and fostered reconciliation between man and nature. Historically, the political development of the world has followed two routes: one involves inter-personal relationships, which have evolved gradually through violent and non-violent forms of revolution from one marked by the conflict between the oppressed and the oppressors and between the exploited and the exploiters, to one marked by equality and mutual respect; and the other involves the progress of the forms of production organization and society made possible by the productive forces driving the production relations forward and the change to the economic foundation that forced the superstructure to experience fundamental transformation. The latter is fundamental and recessive, while the former is dominant, which has a direct impact on states and the broader world. In such a progressive evolution, the political transformation of the world has gradually changed from a violent one to a more peaceful one, and the grander trend has changed from having the features of national independence and liberation as well as a people's revolution, to having the features of seeking development in an all-around way and forging a harmonious world free from threat, fear and anxiety.Hereinto, the dominant role of rational human self-restraint is becoming more and more obvious, with which the actors, even those who onceopposed each other, are seeking mutual tolerance, acceptance and cooperation, including human respect for nature and the environment. In essence, this is indicative of the emancipation of human sociality and the reconciliation between man and nature, which is still currently under way.

Sense of Harmony in Chinese Traditional Culture

A harmonious culture is not supposed to be a monologue of one voice but a dialogue of many voices. Chinese ancient culture doesn＇t mean one-dimensional notion of nature transforming to human like that in western philosophy, but means the hiding and dialogue between the nature and the human body. Specifically, Wen hua just means a dialogue based on the body. Heaven Unitfied With the Human and Complement of Confucianism and Taoism provide this opinion. Sense of Harmony in Chinese traditional culture provides us important ideological resources for building a harmonious culture and promoting the harmonious development of mankind.

On “Qi” in Kungfu Panda 3 from the Perspective of Chinese Philosophy

Kungfu Panda produced by America is quite famous in China and many researchers have studied on it from different aspects. In fact, "Qi" is one of the key factor of Chinese philosophy which determine the success of Panda. However, the present researches about kungfu hardly pay enough attention on how "Qi" works.Therefore, the paper, by introducing and discussing the concept of "Qi",discusses the role of reflective ways for "Qi" to show special China kungfu.This paper provides opportunity for foreigners to learn China ancient culture about "Taoism". The purpose of thepaper explains the role and significance of "Qi".

中国式现代化与绿色发展

中国式现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化,绿色发展是其显著特征和突出品质。中国积极推进生态环境建设,人与自然的关系相应地从生态赤字缓慢扩大期、生态赤字快速扩大期、再进入生态赤字缩小期、局部生态盈余期,未来将转向生态盈余期。党的十八大以来,中国生态文明建设在生态环境质量改善、生态保护修复、绿色低碳转型、全球生态治理贡献、中国特色制度体系创新等方面发生了历史性、转折性、全局性变化,但生态环境保护仍面临基础性问题,结构性压力、根源性压力、趋势性压力尚未根本缓解。为此,中国必须坚持长期主义,避免短期机会主义,坚持绿色增长,追求绿色发展的长期价值,并以绿色发展推进人与自然和谐共生现代化,即高质量发展与高水平保护统筹推进,整体推进与重点攻坚协同并进,科技创新与制度创新双轮驱动,正向激励与反向倒逼双向发力,多元参与与协同治理并行不悖,实践探索和经验总结紧密结合。

人与自然和谐共生现代化的生成逻辑

受“利益至上”发展理念影响,以资本主义私有制为制度基础的西方现代化对内剥削、对外殖民扩张,造成了人与自然关系的异化,激化了生态矛盾。不同于服务少数精英阶层的西方现代化,中国共产党冲破西方现代化藩篱,以中华优秀传统文化为依托,以马克思生态思想为指引,以中国共产党人百余年生态建设为实践,形成了符合中国国情、具有中国特色的中国式现代化,并以“促进人与自然和谐共生”为中国式现代化的本质要求。人与自然和谐共生的现代化体现了中国式现代化对自然规律的遵循、对人民利益的维护、对人自由全面发展的追求。

面向人与自然和谐共生的环境党内法规的治理逻辑

建设面向人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化,中国式法治化是必然要求,其中环境法治不可或缺。中国式的环境法治必然要重视党内法规的特殊法治和治理功能。可从着力发挥党内法规在环境法治中的特殊作用、统筹推进环境综合治理的规范功能、推动构建人类环境命运共同体的制度文明三方面,揭示出环境党内法规所秉持环境系统观、环境效能观、环境文明观的政理法理。环境党内法规有广义和狭义之分,环境党内法规所承载上述治理逻辑的规范样态,不仅包括符合《中国共产党党内法规制定条例》严格形式要件的狭义党内法规,也包括引领环境法治发展的环境政策、起到监督保障等作用的党内环境规范性文件。从环境党内法规的政治功能和规范效力来讲,将以决议、决定、意见、通知等为主要载体的环境政策视为广义的环境党内法规,符合新形势下环境党内法规体系构筑的核心要义。从目前党内法规体系的构成情况看,起到监督保障作用的党内环境规范性文件成为了主力军,但其数量庞杂又单线作战的实践困境使其亟需完善以形成治理合力。因此,应进一步探讨党的环境政策和党内环境规范性文件向狭义党内法规的有机转化,使狭义的环境党内法规成为环境党内法规体系的主体部分。广义视阈下的环境党内法规,在面向人与自然和谐共生的现代化中发挥着规范、治理与重塑的制度功能。环境党内法规通过将党的不成文的环境文明提炼转化为具有约束力的制度形态,从而使其获得长远的效能力和长期的执行力。环境党内法规通过为生态文明建设提供制度赋能,从而全面发挥其环境治理的政治效能、预防效能和发展效能。环境党内法规以党的领导为本质特征的政治结构为环境文明奠基、以人民为中心的人本理念为环境文明铸魂、以党规国法共治为保障的外部制度为环境文明塑形,使其实质上具备了打造人类环境文明新形态的重塑功能。需要注意的是,完备的环境党内法规体系对上述功能的系统发挥尤为重要,因此,面向人与自然和谐共生的环境党内法规,还有待进一步体系化完善。

习近平关于气候变化全球治理的重要论述及其启示

习近平以马克思主义人与自然关系思想为理论根基,从“和合共生”的中华智慧中汲取营养,立足中国应对气候变化的探索实践,围绕气候变化全球治理这一时代课题作出一系列重要论述。习近平明确了气候变化全球治理要坚持人与自然是辩证统一关系的科学认识,要协调人与人、人与自然的关系;主张坚持公平正义的价值取向,构建公平合理、合作共赢的全球气候治理体系;强调气候变化全球治理的大国担当,以中国在气候变化全球治理中的担当来促进应对气候变化的国际合作;提出绿色低碳可持续的发展道路,指明气候变化全球治理的实践方向。习近平关于气候变化全球治理的重要论述彰显了哲学思维和哲学智慧,其重要启示在于:新时代我们应该坚持以人为本维护全球气候正义;坚持共商共建共享的理念,推进全球气候治理秩序迈向公正合理;深入认识人与自然的辩证统一关系,创建人与自然和谐共生新格局,构建“人与自然生命共同体”引领全球生态文明建设。

经济绿色发展对资本主义“自然悖论”的超越

在世界历史的进程中,资本主义大工业将科学和自然力运用到生产过程中,促进了生产力的进步与技术的提升。然而,由于资本主义的生产以价值增殖为根本目的,其最终成为生产力发展的桎梏和生态环境受到污染和破坏的根源,因此造成了不可避免的“自然悖论”。资本本性的剥削性和无限扩张特征,促使其对生态环境无止境地滥用与掠夺,资本主义再生产在充分利用生态环境的过程中造成了人与自然、人与人的“物质变换断裂”,产生了各种“城市病”和“文明病”。不同于资本主义“竭泽而渔”式的发展,以习近平同志为核心的党中央在经济发展方面始终坚持走绿色发展道路,推进人与自然和谐共生的现代化建设,强调经济社会发展与生态环境保护的具体的历史的统一。面对资本主义的“自然悖论”及其造成的“文明病”,中国特色社会主义的绿色发展理念坚持和发展了马克思主义理论,坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路,奠定了高质量发展和高水平保护的制度性基础,促进了环境正义与社会正义的相互融合,在未来社会的绿色变革中发挥着重要作用。

人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化道路对西方现代化的四重超越

西方现代化进程伴随着生态环境恶化,生态环境问题因现代化产生,也应在现代化中解决。基于对西方现代化的生态反思,中国式现代化是中国共产党在继承马克思主义生态思想和中华民族生态智慧的基础上,经过百年接续探索于新时代形成的“人与自然和谐共生”的社会主义现代化道路。人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化是以辩证统一看待人与自然关系为前提、以绿色发展为路径、以生态为民为价值取向、以构建地球生命共同体为目标的现代化,从人与自然关系、发展方式、价值取向、目标导向四个层面实现了对西方现代化模式的生态超越,不仅为全球生态文明建设贡献了中国力量,也为世界各国走向生态现代化提供了道路选择。