From the diachronic dimension,this paper makes a two-way interactive investigation on the integration of Hong Kong Chinese and Mainland Mandarin.“Gao”is a delexical verb in contemporary Chinese.In different words an...From the diachronic dimension,this paper makes a two-way interactive investigation on the integration of Hong Kong Chinese and Mainland Mandarin.“Gao”is a delexical verb in contemporary Chinese.In different words and expressions related to“gao”character,there are mutual absorptions between Chinese mainland and Hong Kong,which is characterized by starting from nothing to something and from less to more.展开更多
Objectives To develop a set of monosyllable audiometry test material that can be used in speech recognition testing in Mandarin Chinese. Materials and Methods In an effort to improve reliability and efficiency in clin...Objectives To develop a set of monosyllable audiometry test material that can be used in speech recognition testing in Mandarin Chinese. Materials and Methods In an effort to improve reliability and efficiency in clinical practice, a set of 30 test lists of 25 monosyllable test items each was designed with consideration of the following: length of the list, phonemical balance (PB), word utility frequency, coverage of common words, and equivalency among lists. The 30 lists contained 750 monosyllabic words and were constructed on the basis of Chinese phoneme distribution probability summarized in the Manual of Acoustic. The occurrence incidence of the 22 consonants, 36 vowels, and 4 tones of the Chinese Mandarin characters in the 30 test lists were calculated. To achieve PB, 489 monosyllables were selected from the 2500 most commonly used Chinese characters and the 4000 most commonly used Chinese phrases to compile the 30 monosyllable test lists using a computer algorithm with manual adjustment. Results Thirty phonemical balanced word lists of common Mandarin Chinese monosyllabic words were compiled. Each list consisted of 25 monosyllables. A total of 489 phonemes (consonants, vowels and tones) were included in the set. Conclusions This set of lists can potentially be used as the basic lists for future development of Mandarin PB monosyllable speech test materials.展开更多
Huang (2006) argues that h?n ‘very’, the Mandarin adjective intensifier, is anobligatory type-lifter that transforms simple adjectives to complex adjectives for predicatehood,as is required by the Property Theory (C...Huang (2006) argues that h?n ‘very’, the Mandarin adjective intensifier, is anobligatory type-lifter that transforms simple adjectives to complex adjectives for predicatehood,as is required by the Property Theory (Chierchia, 1984, 1985). This article studies theother cases where h?n is not obligatory and concludes that, in addition to h?n-insertion,affixation, and reduplication identified by Huang (2006), the negator bù and VP or IPmovement can also function as type-lifters for simple adjectives. I further argue that onlyone type-lifter device is allowed per sentence.展开更多
In Dakar, Happy Kids Kindergarten has set itself an ambitious challenge: to teach Senegalese toddlers to speak Chinese. This kindergarten, located in Ngor District, boasts of being the first trilingual school in Sene...In Dakar, Happy Kids Kindergarten has set itself an ambitious challenge: to teach Senegalese toddlers to speak Chinese. This kindergarten, located in Ngor District, boasts of being the first trilingual school in Senegal. In addition to French (the country's official language) and English, the school also teaches Mandarin. With China being the world's most popu lous country and second largest economy, there is much to benefit from it this decision.展开更多
The teaching of Packaging Design started late in China,but develops fast.After experiencing the changes of economy,politics and culture,it has entered a new era of self-publicity.The Chinese style has come out quietly...The teaching of Packaging Design started late in China,but develops fast.After experiencing the changes of economy,politics and culture,it has entered a new era of self-publicity.The Chinese style has come out quietly with a strong momentum.The contents of packaging design in the new era pay more attention to the spiritual level,and become a bridge between the society and people,forming an aesthetics concept with the spirit of the Chinese people.Based on the application of Chinese style in the course of Packaging Design,this paper discusses the characteristics of Packaging Design with Chinese style and the problems of traditional Packaging Design,and puts forward how to better apply Chinese elements in Packaging Design.展开更多
In recent years,the new Chinese architectural style has become a new school of contemporary creation,which is reflected in many design types.This study aimed at all kinds of problems encountered in the creation of the...In recent years,the new Chinese architectural style has become a new school of contemporary creation,which is reflected in many design types.This study aimed at all kinds of problems encountered in the creation of the new Chinese style residential area’s leading space and made a research and summary on the design type and construction strategy of the new Chinese style residential area’s leading space through combing and analyzing the relevant theories and cases,in order to provide some inspiration and reference for the design and research in the future.展开更多
Serum immunoglobulin from the mandarin fish, or the so called Chinese perch, Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky), was successfully purified using affinity chromatography. Heavy and light chains were detected on electrophor...Serum immunoglobulin from the mandarin fish, or the so called Chinese perch, Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky), was successfully purified using affinity chromatography. Heavy and light chains were detected on electrophoresis gel, with molecular weights being estimated at 72 and 29 kDa, respectively. The tetrameric IgM of S. chuatsi was calculated to be 808 kDa. The rabbit polyclonal antisera against the purifed immunoglobulin were developed and tested by Western blot analysis. The antisera reacted strongly with the heavy chains of S. chuatsi immunoglobulin. Humoral immune responses of the mandarin fish can then be examined using the developed polyclonal antibody.展开更多
According to the historical environment and national policies in different perods,Chinese business managers have gradually explored and formed management capabilities in accordance with market needs.Chinese management...According to the historical environment and national policies in different perods,Chinese business managers have gradually explored and formed management capabilities in accordance with market needs.Chinese management style has been established,based on the characteristics of Chinese society and the specific conditions of Chinese enterprises,applying China's excellent philosophy to business management.It absorbs global scientific management concepts and forms a management model with Chinese characteristics.Chinese management style has gradually influenced the development of world management.It is of great significance to study the Chinese management style.Studying the formation of the Chinese management style is not only to examine and analyze its own development process but also to deeply explore the characteristics of the Chinese management style and provide new ideas for management models for companies in other countries.This paper analyzes the reasons and characteristics of the formation of the Chinese management style and puts forward suggestions for the development trend of the.Chinese management style through comparative and SWOT analyses.展开更多
The present study conducts a systematic investigation of the encoding of countability in three grammatical systems in Mandarin Chinese, including the nominal system, the whpronoun system, and the quantifier system. We...The present study conducts a systematic investigation of the encoding of countability in three grammatical systems in Mandarin Chinese, including the nominal system, the whpronoun system, and the quantifier system. We examine the countability of linguistic expressions from these three grammatical systems, comparing their countability in the presence/absence of a classifier. A common pattern is identified: classifiers determine the countability of linguistic expressions in the three systems. Our account thus represents a syntactic account of the count-mass in Chinese. We support this theoretical account with three sets of experimental data in Mandarin-speaking adults, and show that the data also militate against the opposing semantic account. The present study contributes new data to the investigation of the count-mass issue in Chinese, and the count-mass issue in general.展开更多
At a national conference at the end of May,the Chinese Government said partnership assistance in the past year had boosted development in northwestern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region remarkably and called for greater...At a national conference at the end of May,the Chinese Government said partnership assistance in the past year had boosted development in northwestern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region remarkably and called for greater support.Since March2010,展开更多
Background Burn-out among doctors threatens their own health, and that of their patients. To identify risk factors of the doctor burn-out is vital to improving their health and increasing the quality of healthcare ser...Background Burn-out among doctors threatens their own health, and that of their patients. To identify risk factors of the doctor burn-out is vital to improving their health and increasing the quality of healthcare services.This study aims to explore the relationship between workfamily conflict(WFC) and burn-out among Chinese doctors and the mediating role of coping styles in this relationship.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in China, with a questionnaire packet which consisted of the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory(CMBI), WFC Scale and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ). A total of 2530 doctors participated in the survey. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between CMBI, WFC and SCSQ scores. A linear regression model was set to determine the mediating role of coping styles on the relationship between WFC and burn-out.Results Doctors who had higher scores on work interfering with family conflict, reported more emotional exhaustion(r=0.514, P<0.001) and had a sense of accomplishment(r=-0.149, P<0.001). Simultaneously,family interfering with work(FIW) was positively associated with all dimensions of burn-out(r=0.213,0.504,0.088,respectively, P<0.001). Coping styles had partial, complete and even mediating effects on the relationship between WFC and burn-out among Chinese doctors.Conclusions WFC was correlated with burn-out, and coping style was a mediator in this relationship among Chinese doctors. Coping style was a positive resource against burn?out.展开更多
On the first day of the 14th Beijing International Cultural&Creative Industry Expo(ICCIE),exquisite award-wining works from past Beijing Culture and Creativity Competitions,immersive experiences of intangible heri...On the first day of the 14th Beijing International Cultural&Creative Industry Expo(ICCIE),exquisite award-wining works from past Beijing Culture and Creativity Competitions,immersive experiences of intangible heritage at the Imperial Palace,paper carving arts on display at Vintage,and a variety of exhibits in the main venue of the China International Exhibition Center fascinated lingering tourists.展开更多
Generality and details The Chinese negotiation style is characterized by moving from the whole to individual parts,from bigger to smaller issues,from generality to detail;the Chinese say,"From negotiation on prin...Generality and details The Chinese negotiation style is characterized by moving from the whole to individual parts,from bigger to smaller issues,from generality to detail;the Chinese say,"From negotiation on principle issues to negotiation on details."Chinese people normally展开更多
Bamboo is closely related to Chinese traditional gardens in terms of culture and application. This research analyzed the application value of bamboo elements in landscapes, compared methods of using bamboo in traditio...Bamboo is closely related to Chinese traditional gardens in terms of culture and application. This research analyzed the application value of bamboo elements in landscapes, compared methods of using bamboo in traditional gardens and "new Chinese-style" gardens, and summarized the application method of bamboo elements in the "new Chinese-style" landscape from three aspects of modern constitution techniques, texture blending, and landscape continuation and softening, and put forward the development and application directions of bamboo elements.展开更多
The economic growth of China has aitracted much attention from the rest of the world and is drawing many investors to China for busi-hess. In order to establish sound and last- ing business partnerships with Chinese c...The economic growth of China has aitracted much attention from the rest of the world and is drawing many investors to China for busi-hess. In order to establish sound and last- ing business partnerships with Chinese cli- ents, investors need to conduct successful negotiations, which are the foundation for future cooperation. "Fnerefore, it is extrernely important for investors to understand Chi nese business negotiation styles.展开更多
The charm of fashion is the constant changes of styles that lead people to a brand new vision or toa redivivus picture. In spring 2005, new designs that borrowed a lot from Chinese traditional apparel and local styles...The charm of fashion is the constant changes of styles that lead people to a brand new vision or toa redivivus picture. In spring 2005, new designs that borrowed a lot from Chinese traditional apparel and local styles were the flavor of the fashion week. Styles and details typical of authentic Chinese taste took the lead.展开更多
文摘From the diachronic dimension,this paper makes a two-way interactive investigation on the integration of Hong Kong Chinese and Mainland Mandarin.“Gao”is a delexical verb in contemporary Chinese.In different words and expressions related to“gao”character,there are mutual absorptions between Chinese mainland and Hong Kong,which is characterized by starting from nothing to something and from less to more.
基金supported by grants from open Foundation of National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition of the CAS (08-03-01)National Tenth Five-year Project for Scientific and Technological Development of China(2007BAI18B12, 2008BAI50B01, 2008BAI50B08)
文摘Objectives To develop a set of monosyllable audiometry test material that can be used in speech recognition testing in Mandarin Chinese. Materials and Methods In an effort to improve reliability and efficiency in clinical practice, a set of 30 test lists of 25 monosyllable test items each was designed with consideration of the following: length of the list, phonemical balance (PB), word utility frequency, coverage of common words, and equivalency among lists. The 30 lists contained 750 monosyllabic words and were constructed on the basis of Chinese phoneme distribution probability summarized in the Manual of Acoustic. The occurrence incidence of the 22 consonants, 36 vowels, and 4 tones of the Chinese Mandarin characters in the 30 test lists were calculated. To achieve PB, 489 monosyllables were selected from the 2500 most commonly used Chinese characters and the 4000 most commonly used Chinese phrases to compile the 30 monosyllable test lists using a computer algorithm with manual adjustment. Results Thirty phonemical balanced word lists of common Mandarin Chinese monosyllabic words were compiled. Each list consisted of 25 monosyllables. A total of 489 phonemes (consonants, vowels and tones) were included in the set. Conclusions This set of lists can potentially be used as the basic lists for future development of Mandarin PB monosyllable speech test materials.
文摘Huang (2006) argues that h?n ‘very’, the Mandarin adjective intensifier, is anobligatory type-lifter that transforms simple adjectives to complex adjectives for predicatehood,as is required by the Property Theory (Chierchia, 1984, 1985). This article studies theother cases where h?n is not obligatory and concludes that, in addition to h?n-insertion,affixation, and reduplication identified by Huang (2006), the negator bù and VP or IPmovement can also function as type-lifters for simple adjectives. I further argue that onlyone type-lifter device is allowed per sentence.
文摘In Dakar, Happy Kids Kindergarten has set itself an ambitious challenge: to teach Senegalese toddlers to speak Chinese. This kindergarten, located in Ngor District, boasts of being the first trilingual school in Senegal. In addition to French (the country's official language) and English, the school also teaches Mandarin. With China being the world's most popu lous country and second largest economy, there is much to benefit from it this decision.
文摘The teaching of Packaging Design started late in China,but develops fast.After experiencing the changes of economy,politics and culture,it has entered a new era of self-publicity.The Chinese style has come out quietly with a strong momentum.The contents of packaging design in the new era pay more attention to the spiritual level,and become a bridge between the society and people,forming an aesthetics concept with the spirit of the Chinese people.Based on the application of Chinese style in the course of Packaging Design,this paper discusses the characteristics of Packaging Design with Chinese style and the problems of traditional Packaging Design,and puts forward how to better apply Chinese elements in Packaging Design.
基金Sponsored by Youth Project of the Educational Department of Liaoning Province(2017LNQN29).
文摘In recent years,the new Chinese architectural style has become a new school of contemporary creation,which is reflected in many design types.This study aimed at all kinds of problems encountered in the creation of the new Chinese style residential area’s leading space and made a research and summary on the design type and construction strategy of the new Chinese style residential area’s leading space through combing and analyzing the relevant theories and cases,in order to provide some inspiration and reference for the design and research in the future.
文摘Serum immunoglobulin from the mandarin fish, or the so called Chinese perch, Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky), was successfully purified using affinity chromatography. Heavy and light chains were detected on electrophoresis gel, with molecular weights being estimated at 72 and 29 kDa, respectively. The tetrameric IgM of S. chuatsi was calculated to be 808 kDa. The rabbit polyclonal antisera against the purifed immunoglobulin were developed and tested by Western blot analysis. The antisera reacted strongly with the heavy chains of S. chuatsi immunoglobulin. Humoral immune responses of the mandarin fish can then be examined using the developed polyclonal antibody.
文摘According to the historical environment and national policies in different perods,Chinese business managers have gradually explored and formed management capabilities in accordance with market needs.Chinese management style has been established,based on the characteristics of Chinese society and the specific conditions of Chinese enterprises,applying China's excellent philosophy to business management.It absorbs global scientific management concepts and forms a management model with Chinese characteristics.Chinese management style has gradually influenced the development of world management.It is of great significance to study the Chinese management style.Studying the formation of the Chinese management style is not only to examine and analyze its own development process but also to deeply explore the characteristics of the Chinese management style and provide new ideas for management models for companies in other countries.This paper analyzes the reasons and characteristics of the formation of the Chinese management style and puts forward suggestions for the development trend of the.Chinese management style through comparative and SWOT analyses.
基金funded by National Social Science Fund of China (18BYY176)Post-doctoral Science Foundation of China (2014M561702)+2 种基金the Distinguished Post-doctoral Science Foundation of China (2015T80574)the Young Scholars Social Science Foundation of China’s Education Ministry (15YJC740031)the Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (2014SJB519)
文摘The present study conducts a systematic investigation of the encoding of countability in three grammatical systems in Mandarin Chinese, including the nominal system, the whpronoun system, and the quantifier system. We examine the countability of linguistic expressions from these three grammatical systems, comparing their countability in the presence/absence of a classifier. A common pattern is identified: classifiers determine the countability of linguistic expressions in the three systems. Our account thus represents a syntactic account of the count-mass in Chinese. We support this theoretical account with three sets of experimental data in Mandarin-speaking adults, and show that the data also militate against the opposing semantic account. The present study contributes new data to the investigation of the count-mass issue in Chinese, and the count-mass issue in general.
文摘At a national conference at the end of May,the Chinese Government said partnership assistance in the past year had boosted development in northwestern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region remarkably and called for greater support.Since March2010,
基金special fund for public welfare industry of health grant(200802150)(JSYRKJ2010-C1-001Jiangsu Provincial Medical Humanities and Social Science committee(No:JSYRKJ2010-C1-001)+1 种基金Philosophy and Social Science Special Project in Nanjing Medical University(No:2013NJZS40)Key Project supported by Medical Science and Technology Development Foundation Nanjing Department of Healt(No.YKK17246,YKK16241)
文摘Background Burn-out among doctors threatens their own health, and that of their patients. To identify risk factors of the doctor burn-out is vital to improving their health and increasing the quality of healthcare services.This study aims to explore the relationship between workfamily conflict(WFC) and burn-out among Chinese doctors and the mediating role of coping styles in this relationship.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in China, with a questionnaire packet which consisted of the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory(CMBI), WFC Scale and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ). A total of 2530 doctors participated in the survey. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between CMBI, WFC and SCSQ scores. A linear regression model was set to determine the mediating role of coping styles on the relationship between WFC and burn-out.Results Doctors who had higher scores on work interfering with family conflict, reported more emotional exhaustion(r=0.514, P<0.001) and had a sense of accomplishment(r=-0.149, P<0.001). Simultaneously,family interfering with work(FIW) was positively associated with all dimensions of burn-out(r=0.213,0.504,0.088,respectively, P<0.001). Coping styles had partial, complete and even mediating effects on the relationship between WFC and burn-out among Chinese doctors.Conclusions WFC was correlated with burn-out, and coping style was a mediator in this relationship among Chinese doctors. Coping style was a positive resource against burn?out.
文摘On the first day of the 14th Beijing International Cultural&Creative Industry Expo(ICCIE),exquisite award-wining works from past Beijing Culture and Creativity Competitions,immersive experiences of intangible heritage at the Imperial Palace,paper carving arts on display at Vintage,and a variety of exhibits in the main venue of the China International Exhibition Center fascinated lingering tourists.
文摘Generality and details The Chinese negotiation style is characterized by moving from the whole to individual parts,from bigger to smaller issues,from generality to detail;the Chinese say,"From negotiation on principle issues to negotiation on details."Chinese people normally
文摘Bamboo is closely related to Chinese traditional gardens in terms of culture and application. This research analyzed the application value of bamboo elements in landscapes, compared methods of using bamboo in traditional gardens and "new Chinese-style" gardens, and summarized the application method of bamboo elements in the "new Chinese-style" landscape from three aspects of modern constitution techniques, texture blending, and landscape continuation and softening, and put forward the development and application directions of bamboo elements.
文摘The economic growth of China has aitracted much attention from the rest of the world and is drawing many investors to China for busi-hess. In order to establish sound and last- ing business partnerships with Chinese cli- ents, investors need to conduct successful negotiations, which are the foundation for future cooperation. "Fnerefore, it is extrernely important for investors to understand Chi nese business negotiation styles.
文摘The charm of fashion is the constant changes of styles that lead people to a brand new vision or toa redivivus picture. In spring 2005, new designs that borrowed a lot from Chinese traditional apparel and local styles were the flavor of the fashion week. Styles and details typical of authentic Chinese taste took the lead.