Solving Multitrip Pickup and Delivery Problem With Time Windows and Manpower Planning Using Multiobjective Algorithms

The multitrip pickup and delivery problem with time windows and manpower planning(MTPDPTW-MP)determines a set of ambulance routes and finds staff assignment for a hospital. It involves different stakeholders with diverse interests and objectives. This study firstly introduces a multiobjective MTPDPTW-MP(MO-MTPDPTWMP) with three objectives to better describe the real-world scenario. A multiobjective iterated local search algorithm with adaptive neighborhood selection(MOILS-ANS) is proposed to solve the problem. MOILS-ANS can generate a diverse set of alternative solutions for decision makers to meet their requirements. To better explore the search space, problem-specific neighborhood structures and an adaptive neighborhood selection strategy are carefully designed in MOILS-ANS. Experimental results show that the proposed MOILS-ANS significantly outperforms the other two multiobjective algorithms. Besides, the nature of objective functions and the properties of the problem are analyzed. Finally, the proposed MOILS-ANS is compared with the previous single-objective algorithm and the benefits of multiobjective optimization are discussed.

How to allocate public health manpower in township health centers in China scientifically and reasonably

INTRODUCTION The global health issue is not a shortage of capital or technology, but a shortage of health manpower. Health human resource （HHR）, an important component of health resources, determines the quantity, quality and effectiveness of health service, thus greatly impacting on health service to the citizens.

Manpower, institution and the growth of knowledge economy in Shanghai

This paper examines the concept of knowledge economy, manpower, high-educated laborers with innovative capabilities, institutional problems and their relations. It argues that manpower is the key element for the growth of knowledge economy in general, and people with innovative capabilities are the centre of manpower in particular. In Shanghai, although great progress has been made concerning with the reforms and development of high-tech industry, institutional problems are still the main obstacles for further development of high educated labor market and then the growth of knowledge economy. The reasons have been: 1) a less effective mechanism with the remaining of state ownership system; 2) a still powerful bureaucratic system, or more precisely, bureaucratic practice referring to these. Suggestions for further reforms and policy reformulation have been examined and discussed in the end.

Manpower Systems Operating under Heavy and Light Tailed Inter-Exit Time Distributions

This paper considers a Manpower system where “exits” of employed personnel produce some wastage or loss. This system monitors these wastages over the sequence of exit epochs {t0 = 0 and tk;k = 1, 2,…} that form a recurrent process and admit recruitment when the cumulative loss of man hours crosses a threshold level Y, which is also called the breakdown level. It is assumed that the inter-exit times Tk = tk-1 - tk, k = 1, 2,… are independent and identically distributed random variables with a common cumulative distribution function (CDF) B(t) = P(Tk t) which has a tail 1 – B(t) behaving like t-v with 1 v as t → ∞. The amounts {Xk} of wastages incurred during these inter-exit times {Tk} are independent and identically distributed random variables with CDF P(Xk X) = G(x) and Y is distributed, independently of {Xk} and {tk}, as an exponentiated exponential law with CDF H(y) = P(Y y) = (1 - e-λy)n. The mean waiting time to break down of the system has been obtained assuming B(t) to be heavy tailed and as well as light tailed. For the exponential case of G(x), a comparative study has also been made between heavy tailed mean waiting time to break down and light tailed mean waiting time to break down values. The recruitment policy operating under the heavy tailed case is shown to be more economical in all types of manpower systems.

Patient Experience Enhancement at Accident and Emergency Department:Junior Doctor Manpower Reallocation Optimization

This study aimed to develop a new junior doctor allocation plan,and evaluate its impact on the door-to-doctor time(DDT)of a specific patient population at the Accident&Emergency(A&E)department of Changi General Hospital(CGH)in Singapore.The new junior doctor allocation plan was developed by solving an integer linear programming model with the objective of matching available junior doctors with the patient arrival pattern.Compared to the period prior to the new plan’s implementation at CGH A&E,the average daily median,95th percentile,and standard deviation of DDT of target population were observed to have been reduced by 9.7 minutes(27.3%),24.5 minutes(21.9%),and 8.5 minutes(23.2%),respectively,in the post-implementation period.These differences remained statistically significant after adjustment for differences in patient load and other relevant patient characteristics over the pre-and post-implementation periods.Majority,if not all,of the previous work on A&E staff allocation studies relied on simulation models to project the impact of new staff allocation plans on DDT performance.They did not report the extent of DDT improvement in the new plan actualized and experienced by A&E patients.This paper addresses this gap in A&E overcrowding management research.It offers empirical evidence,from an operational A&E,on DDT improvements achieved through implementation of a new junior doctor allocation plan that better matched patient arrival pattern compared to the past.

Modeling for a Manpower System and Its Subsystems

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Research on the Incentive System of Human Resource Management in Universities

Based on the actual situation of the establishment of the incentive system for human resource management in universities,the constituent elements and relevant principles of the incentive system for human resources in universities are expounded on,the current situation of the actual needs of the faculty and staff in universities is studied and analyzed,and practical plans for establishing the concept and implementing the incentive system in universities are proposed,with relevant incentive mechanisms for human resource management focusing on differentiated needs developed for reference.

论邓小平的青年人才思想

论邓小平的青年人才思想王莉萍建设有中国特色的社会主义理论是一个科学的体系，其中，邓小平同志的青年人才思想占有突出的地位并成为这个体系中的重要组成部分。邓小平同志应用马克思列宁主义毛泽东思想的人才理论，结合新时期建设有中国特色社会主义事业的伟大实践，创...

Emergency management of nursing human resources and supplies to respond to coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic

Objective:To introduce the emergency management of nursing human resources and supplies of a large general hospital when facing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Method:The Nursing Department of the hospital fully executed its functional authority to establish a three-level echelon of sustainable support,allocate human recourses dynamically,organize pre-service training,supervise the key working steps,formulate positive incentive methods,and deploy medical supplies scientifically.Result:By taking these strategies,the hospital effectively improved the coping capacity of the nursing team and played a positive role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.Conclusion:The emergency management of nursing human resources and material resources for COVID-19 of the hospital is successful.But several deficiencies were identified as well,which indicated that the hospital needs to establish an efficient emergency management system,and pay attention to the practice of nursing emergency plans to enhance coping capacities in public health emergencies.

Impact of nurse staffing on reducing infant, neonatal and perinatal mortality rates: Evidence from panel data analysis in 35 OECD countries

Objectives:To investigate the magnitude of effect nurse staffing had on decreasing the newborn mortality rates in member countries of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD).Methods:The statistical technique of panel data analysis was applied to explore the possibility of association between the number of nurses'density per 1,000 population and infant,neonatal and perinatal mortality rates(IMR,NMR and PMR)per 1000 births.The observations of 35 OECD countries were collected over the period of 2000 through 2016.Results:There were significant associations between nurse staffing and IMR,NMR and PMR i.e.a 1%increase in nurse-staffing level reduced IMR,NMR and PMR by 0.98%,0.97%and 0.96%,respectively.Furthermore,the role of nursing-related services in declining the average of newborn mortality rates were investigated at the highest level in Slovenia(-5.50),Sweden(-3.34),Iceland(-2.51),Czech Republic(-1.86),Japan(-1.64)and Finland(-1.64).Moreover,if the current relationship between nursestaffing level and newborn mortality rates are disturbed with nursing shortage(e.g.in Slovak Republic and Israel),then it takes about 17 years for the mortality rates to reduce and restore back to the previous equilibrium.Conclusions:A higher proportion of nurses'density per 1,000 population is associated with lower newborn mortality rates.In addition,the nursing-related services of Slovenia,Sweden,Iceland,Czech Republic,Japan and Finland with the highest impact on improving the health level of newborns would be good patterns for other developed countries in maternity and child health care.

Nurse staffing and life expectancy at birth and at 65 years old:Evidence from 35 OECD countries

Objective: To measure the possible magnitude of the role nurse staffing has on increasing life expectancy at birth and at 65 years old.Methods: The statistical technique of panel data analysis was applied to investigate the relationship from the number of practicing nurses' density per 1000 population to life expectancy at birth and at 65 years old.Five control variables were used as the proxies for the levels of medical staffing,health care financial and physical resources,and medical technology.The observations of 35 member countries of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) were collected from OECD Health Statistics over 2000-2016 period.Results: There were meaningful relationships from nurse staffing to life expectancy at birth and at 65 years with the long-run elasticities of 0.02 and 0.08,respectively.Overall,the role of nursing characteristics in increasing life expectancy indicators varied among different health care systems of OECD countries and in average were determined at the highest level in Japan (0.25),followed by Iceland (0.24),Belgium (0.21),Czech Republic (0.21),Slovenia (0.20) and Sweden (0.18).Conclusion: A higher proportion of nursing staff is associated with higher life expectancy in OECD countries and the dependency of life expectancy to nursing staff would increase by aging.Hence,the findings of this study warn health policy makers about ignoring the effects nursing shortages create e.g.increasing the risk of actual age-specific mortality,especially in care of elderly people.

The Employment Problem of Doctoral Students in China

Since the reform and opening up, as China's economic and social development, China's education has also made rapid develop-ment. Thanks to the rapid growth of total economic output, the need for high-level manpower is increasing, which has provided an good opportunity for the rapid development of doctoral education in China. China's doctoral education started in 1978, when the first batch of 18 doctoral students were enrolled. In 1981, China began to implement a formal degree system, the second year, the first batch of six doc-toral students were granted Ph.D. degree. At present, China has more than 300 colleges and universities which have the right to authorize a doctorate, while the United States only has 253. So far China has cultivated more than 50,000 Ph.D. and become the largest country in the world in Ph.D. Cultivation.

Instituting Pandemic Plans in a Singapore Anaesthesia Unit: The Challenges and Learning Points

The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. Its rapid spread has put a strain on healthcare systems globally. Singapore ranked the highest in terms of reported cases outside of China in the first few weeks of this outbreak. The management of a patient with COVID-19 in the Operating Theatre (OT) presents a unique set of challenges to the Anaesthetist. Delivery of timely and quality care must be upheld while reducing the risk of transmission to healthcare staff and other patients. This article describes our Anaesthesia Unit’s experiences and challenges in instituting our pandemic plans. The authors hope that the sharing of our experience and practical approach would be useful to other Anaesthesia Units worldwide.

论市场经济下组织人力资源的开发

本文论述了在社会主义市场经济条件下，组织人力资源开发与利用的辩证关系以及人力资源开发的中心原则。

The Basic Layout of a Denim Textile Industry:A Basic Review

Denim was produced in the city of Nîmes in France and was originally called the serge de Nîmes.The word denim is an English colloquialism of the French term:"denim."Day by day Bangladesh denim sector very much developed and helps to increase productivity.Bangladesh have seen a significant increase in investing in denim fabric manufacturing,increasing the country’s production performance by reducing fabric dependence on imports.It is important due to its aspects of durability,and not easily torn which benefited physical laborers much.The government also plays a vital role in denim textile industry.This paper shows different section of denim textile industry such as:sewing section,cutting section,washing,IE and finishing department.The main aim of this paper is how to role all the sec­tion of denim textile industry.Textile education is insufficient without in­dustry attachment,which bridges the gap between theoretical and practical aspects and acclimates students to the industrial world.We can gain about theoretical development on an industrial level from this attachment.We can understand more about the machines used in various departments,their technical specifications,characteristics,operating system,and so on,and we believe that without this type of industrial connection,it is impossible to obtain industry-based information about textile engineering adequately.The Industrial Attachment on Denim Manufacturing Technology was used to organize this study(sewing section,cutting,IE,washing section,CAD Section,and finishing department.Various operating procedures for the production of denim in the industry are presented in this paper.The tech­nique and process of several procedures and processes are presented here such as machine specifications,manpower,maintenance,layout of the dif­ferent section,dye processes and wet processes.

人才市场建设与人事制度改革

人才市场建设与人事制度改革张书琛党的十四大确立了建立社会主义市场经济体制的目标，人才市场也随之蓬勃发展起来。人才市场是计划体制向市场经济转轨的必然。目前，各级地方人事部门办的人才交流中心仍在全国的人才市场中居于主导地位；同时，各类性质的人才交流机构也...

Continual Education is the Motivation of Sustainable Development of a Telecom Enterprise

The continuous investment into manpower resource, is the radical power toassure the sustainable development of enterprises. The enterprises both at home and abroad attachhigh importance to the continuous education of their employees and consolidate training to inspiretheir employees. In order to face increasingly drastic global competition, the telecom enterprisesin our country should consolidate continuous education, make training plans to adapt to thelong-term development of the enterprises and establish the effective mechanism of encouragement ofcontinuous education.

大力培养选拔具有驾驭社会主义市场经济能力的领导人才

大力培养选拔具有驾驭社会主义市场经济能力的领导人才汪海涛目前，我们正处在建立社会主义市场经济体制的历史时期。在新形势下，为了加快兴安盟改革开放和经济建设的步伐，迫切需要大力培养、选拔具有驾驭社会主义市场经济能力的领导人才，这既是战略任务，又是当务之急...

On the Stable Gani-Type Attainability Problem Controlled by Promotion at Maximum Entropy

This study considers the attainability problem in one-step for the stable Gani-type model controlled by promotion within the context of maximum entropy.The technique adopted involves formulating the attainability problem as a constrained optimisation problem wherein the objective is to maximise the Shannon entropy rate subject to certain constraints imposed by the attainable configuration and the sub-stochastic transition matrix.The principle of maximum entropy is used to obtain results that are consistent with the exponential representation of transition probabilities for manpower systems.