Analysis of Chinese Manufacturing Export Duration

This paper studies the duration of Chinese manufacturing exports and its determinants, using disaggregated 6-digit level Harmonized System product trade data from 1995 to 2007. Cox proportional hazard, Weibull and exponential models are used to examine the effects of various factors on export duration. It is revealed that export duration tends to be rather short-lived. It is also found that GDP and GDP per capita of the export destination have positive effects on export duration, while trade relationships with distant and landlocked countries are generally of shorter duration. In addition, export duration is longer for differentiated and parts and components products, as well as products with large initial trade values. WTO membership is also important for longer export duration. Our empirical analysis suggests that developed markets, such as the USA and the EU, are important to China, and should still be the major sources for Chinese export growth in the long run. Moreover, technical innovation of firms and free trade agreement negotiations will be helpful for sustainable export growth.

The Path and Threshold Effect of Digitalization on the Competitiveness of China's Manufacturing Export

Since its traditional comparative advantages are on the wane,China should use digital economy to enhance its competitiveness of manufacturing export.Based onmicroscopic data of various regions in China from 2013 to 2020,this paper studies the relationship between digital economy and China's competitiveness of manufacturing export,the internal mechanism of their influence,and the boundary conditions for the establishment of the relationship between digital economy and competitiveness of manufacturing export.Our conclusions include that:there is a significant positive spatial correlation between digital economy and export competitiveness;digital economy can not only enhance the export competitiveness of the region,but also have a positive impact on that of adjacent regions;innovation efficiency,the accumulation of human capital and synergistic agglomeration exerts a mediating effect when digital economy impacts China's export competitiveness;and with the share of import trade as the threshold variable,the facilitating effect of digital economy on the export competitiveness of the western region is lower than that ofthe eastern region before the threshold,but significantly higher than that of the eastern,central and northeastern regions as well as the whole country after the threshold.Therefore,China should vigorously promote the construction of new digital infrastructure in the western region,and give full play to the role of new digital infrastructure in promoting trade upgrade.Through the improvement of human capital quality,the centralized development of digital economy and the overall improvement of innovation efficiency,we should gradually improve the international competitiveness of China's export enterprises.

Housing Boom,Dutch Disease,and the Decline in China's Manufacturing Exports

Drawing on Dutch disease theory,we assess how the recent housing boom has contributed to a decline in China's manufacturing exports.Using Chinese city and enterprise panel data from 2004 to 2013,our analysis reveals that Dutch disease indeed exists and that the housing price increase has played a very important role in affecting China's manufacturing exports through two key channels:resource movement effect and spending effect.Specifically,this paper found that:(i)the housing price increase hindered labor flowing into China's manufacturing industry(resource movement efect)and caused higher inflation(spending effect);(ii)the housing boom clearly impeded China's manufacturing exports,especially after the outbreak of the global economic crisis in 2008;(ii)the impacts of the housing price increase on China's manufacturing exports were heterogenous,and were more significant for labor-intensive manufacturing businesses,businesses that were foreign owned,less R&D intensive,or located in the central and western regions.

Measuring aggregate trade costs and its empirical effects on manufacturing export composition in China

On the basis of measuring the bilateral trade costs between China and 86 trade partners and the aggregate trade costs from 2000 to 2013,this paper takes China’s vertical specialization reality into account,to do an empirical study on the impact of China’s aggregate trade costs on comparative advantages and export share of 17 two-digit ISIC manufacturing industries,and to conduct these types of robust tests in order to eliminate endogeneity bias.The results show that China’s aggregate trade costs are declining,but it is still 1/3 higher than that of developed countries of 10 years ago;bilateral trade costs between China and some countries even rise instead;aggregate trade costs are the determinants,not only of‘global’and‘local’comparative advantages,but also of export share of China’s manufacturing products,and its effect is stronger in industries with higher trade cost intensity.Therefore,we should consider the product composition on trade cost intensity and domestic value-added value(DVAR),and reduce trade costs in order to promote the export of products with higher domestic value-added rate,and to realize the substantial transformation of foreign trade growth mode.

Manufacture and Export of Complete Power Equipment

Through construction during over four decades, remarkable achievements have been made by China’s manufacturing industry of complete sets of power equipment. During the Seventh Five-Year Plan period, over RMB2 billion and several hundred million US dollars were invested in the introduction