Analysis of influencing factors and interaction of body weight and disease outcome in patients with prediabetes

BACKGROUND The trend of prediabetes progressing to type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is prominent,and effective intervention can lead to a return to prediabetes.Exploring the factors influencing the outcome of prediabetes is helpful to guide clinical intervention.The weight change in patients with prediabetes has not attracted much attention.AIM To explore the interaction between body weight and the factors affecting the progression of prediabetes to T2DM.METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 236 patients with prediabetes and 50 with normal glucose tolerance(NGT),and collected clinical data and follow-up results of all patients.Based on natural blood glucose outcomes,we classified 66 patients with progression to T2DM into the disease progression(DP)group,and 170 patients without progression to T2DM into the disease outcome(DO)group.We analyzed the factors that influenced prediabetes outcome and the influence of body weight on prediabetes blood glucose outcome by unconditional logistic regression.A general linear model(univariate)was used to analyze the interaction between body weight and independent influencing factors.RESULTS There were 98 cases of impaired fasting glucose(IFG),90 cases of impaired glucose tolerance(IGT),and 48 cases of coexistent IFG and IGT.The body weight,waist circumference,body mass index,fasting blood glucose,and 2 h plasma glucose of patients with IFG,IGT,and coexistent IFG and IGT were higher than those in patients with NGT(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that body weight,glycosylated hemoglobin,uric acid,fasting insulin,and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance were independent factors affecting progression of prediabetes to T2DM(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve predicted by the above indicators combined was 0.905[95%confidence interval(CI):0.863-0.948],which was greater than that predicted by each indicator alone.Logistic regression analysis with baseline body weight as an independent variable showed that compared with body weight 1,the odds ratio(95%CI)of body weight 3 was 1.399(1.142-2.126)(P=0.033).There was a multiplicative interaction between body weight and uric acid(β=1.953,P=0.005).CONCLUSION High body weight in patients with prediabetes is an independent risk factor for progression to T2DM,and the risk of progression is increased when coexisting with high uric acid level.

A computational study of the wing-wing and wing-body interactions of a model insect

The aerodynamic interaction between the contralateral wings and between the body and wings of a model insect are studied, by using the method of numerically solving the Navier-Stokes equations over moving overset grids, under typical hovering and forward flight conditions. Both the interaction between the contralateral wings and the interaction between the body and wings are very weak, e.g. at hovering, changes in aerodynamic forces of a wing due to the present of the other wing are less than 3% and changes in aerodynamic forces of the wings due to presence of the body are less than 2%. The reason for this is as following. During each down- or up-stroke, a wing produces a vortex ring, which induces a relatively large jet-like flow inside the ring but very small flow outside the ring. The vortex rings of the left and right wings are on the two sides of the body. Thus one wing is outside vortex ring of the other wing and the body is outside the vortex rings of the left and right wings, resulting in the weak interactions.

The Impact of Lipid-metabolizing Genetic Polymorphisms on Body Mass Index and Their Interactions with Soybean Food Intake: A Study in a Chinese Population

Objective To evaluate the association of known polymorphisms in the lipid metabolic pathway with body mass index （BMI）, and estimate their interactions with soybean food intake. Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in a Chinese Han population. BMI, soybean food intake, and single nucleotide polymorphisms of rs599839, rs3846662, rs3846663, rs12916, rs174547, rs174570, rs4938303, and rs1558861 were measured in 944 subjects. A multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association of the studied polymorphisms with BMIs. The expectation-maximization algorithm was employed to evaluate the extent of linkage disequilibrium between pairwise polymorphisms. The gene-environment interaction was assessed in the general multifactor dimensionality reduction model. Results The polymorphisms of rs3846662 and rs3846663 were associated with 10% highest BMIs when comparing to the 10% lowest values both in individuals and haplotype-based association tests. Although no statistically significant gene-environment interactions were found, people with the haplotype composed of C allele in rs3846662 and T allele in rs3846663 and low frequency of soybean intake had significantly hisher risk to overweight and obesity as compared with those with the haplotype consisting of T allele in rs3846662 and C allele in rs3846663 and highly frequent soybean food intake, with an odds ratio of 1.64 （95% confidence interval： 1.15-2.34, P〈0.01） after adjusting for the common confounders. Conclusion Our study has sugsested that rs3846662 and rs3846663 may be the potential candidate polymorphisms for obesity, and their effect on the pathogenesis could be mediated by the frequency of soybean food intake.

Coherence of Disordered Bosonic Gas with Two-and Three-Body Interactions

We theoretically and numerically investigate the coherence of disordered bosonic gas with effective two- and three-body interactions within a two-site Bose-Hubbard model. By properly adjusting the two- and three-body interactions and the disorder, the coherence of the system exhibits new and interesting phenomena, including the resonance character of coherence against the disorder in the purely two- or three-body interactions system. More interestingly, the disorder and three-body interactions together can suppress the coherence of the purely three-body interactions system, which is different from the case in which the disorder and two-body interactions together can enhance the coherence in certain values of two.body interaction. Furthermore, when two- or three- body interactions are attractive or repulsive, the phase coherence exhibits completely different phenomena. In particular, if two- or three-body interactions are attractive, the coherence of the system can be significantly enhanced in certain regions. Correspondingly, the phase coherence of the system is strongly related to the effective interaction energy. The results provide a possible way for studying the coherence of bosonic gas with multi-atoms＇ interactions in the presence of the disorder.

Dynamic Analysis of the Seafloor Pilot Miner Based on Single-Body Vehicle Model and Discretized Track-Terrain Interaction Model

In order to achieve the complex dynamic analysis of the self-propelled seafloor pilot miner moving on the seafloor of extremely cohesive soft soil and further to make it possible to integrate the miner system with some subsystems to form the complete integrated deep ocean mining pilot system and perform dynamic analysis, a new method for the dynamic modeling and analysis of the miner is proposed and developed in this paper, resulting in a simplified 3D single-body vehicle model with three translational and three rotational degrees of freedom, while the track-terrain interaction model is built by partitioning the track-terrain interface into discrete elements with parameterized force dements built on the theory of terramechanics acting on each discrete dement. To evaluate and verify the correctness and effectiveness of this new modeling and analysis method, typical comparative studies with regard to computational efficiency and solution accuracy are carried out between the traditional modeling method of building the tracked vehicle as a multi-body model and the new modeling method. In full consideration of the particMar structure design of the pilot miner, the special characteristics of the seafioor soil and the hydrodynamic force of near-seafloor currnt, the dynamic simulation analysis of the miner is performed and discussed, which can provide useful guidance and reference for the practical miner system in design and operation. This new method can not only realize the rapid dynamic simulation analysis of the miner but also make possible the integration and rapid dynamic analysis of the complete integrated deep ocean mining pilot system in further researches.

Effects of three-body interaction on collective excitation and stability of Bose-Einstein condensate

This paper investigates the collective excitation and stability of low-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with two- and three-body interactions by the variational analysis of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii-Ginsburg equation. The spectrum of the low-energy excitation and the effective potential for the width of the condensate axe obtained. The results show that： （i） the repulsive two-body interaction among atoms makes the frequency red-shifted for the internal excitation and the repulsive or attractive three-body interaction always makes it blue-shifted; （ii） the region for the existence of the stable bound states is obtained by identifying the critical value of the two- and three-body interactions.

DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTIC ANALYSIS OF A 3-D SEMI-SUBMERGED BODY AS A FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION SYSTEM

An Arnoldi's method with new iteration pattern,which was designed for solving a large unsymmetric eigenvalue problem introduced by displacement-pressure FE (Finite Element) pattern of a fluid-structure interaction system,was adopted here to get the dynamic characteristics of the semi-submerged body. The new iteration pattern could be used efficiently to obtain the Arnoldi's vectors in the shift-frequency technique,which was used for the zero-frequency problem. Numerical example showed that the fluid-structure interaction is one of the important factors to the dynamic characteristics of large semi-submerged thin-walled structures.

Effects of effective attractive multi-body interaction on quantum phase and transport dynamics of a strongly correlated bosonic gas across the superfluid to Mott insulator transition

We theoretically investigate quantum phases and transport dynamics of ultracold atoms trapped in an optical lattice in the presence of effective multi-body interaction. When a harmonic external potential is added, several interesting phenom- ena are revealed, such as the broadening and the emergence of a central insulator plateau and the phase transition between superftuid and Mott insulator phase. We also study the transport of the system which runs across the superfluid-insulator transition after ramping up the lattice, and predict a slower relaxation which is attributed to the influence of the multi-body interaction on the mass transport.

Numerical Study of Effects of Complex Topography on Surface-Piercing Wave-Body Interactions

In this paper, wave-body interactions under the effects of complex topography are investigated numerically by a two-phase incompressible Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) solver in OpenFOAM. A submerged bottom-standing structure is distributed below the floating body, and the effects of the water depth and top width of the submerged structure on wave-body interactions are studied. The results show that the submerged structure can affect wave loads and roll motion. The vertical force can be amplified on the fixed body when the water depth of the submerged structure is smaller than half of the water depth of the body. The top width significantly affects the vertical force when the top width is smaller than the incident wave length and larger than the body width. For the free-rolling body, roll amplitude can be increased when the ratio of the incident wave length to the water depth of the submerged structure is large enough. On the resonance condition, roll amplitude is slightly reduced by the submerged structure. The effects of the top width on roll amplitude are remarkable when special conditions are fulfilled.

Effects of three-body interaction on dynamic and static structure factors of an optically-trapped Bose gas

We investigate how three-body interactions affect the elementary excitations and dynamic structure factor of a Bose- Einstein condensate trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice. To this end, we numerically solve the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and then the corresponding Bogoliubov equations. Our results show that three-body interactions can change both the Bogoliubov band structure and the dynamical structure factor dramatically, especially in the case of the two-body interaction being relatively small. Furthermore, when the optical lattice is strong enough, the analytical results, combined with the sum-rule approach, help us to understand that： the effects of three-body interactions on the static structure Ihctor can be significantly amplified by an optical lattice. Our predictions should be observable within the current Bragg spectroscopy experiment.

Topological quantum-phase coherence in full counting statistics of transport electrons with two-body interaction

The full counting statistics of electron transport through two parallel quantum dots with antiparallel magnetic fluxes is investigated as a probe to detect the topological quantum-phase coherence （TQPC）, which results in the characteristic oscillation of the zero-frequency cumulants including the shot noise and skewness. We show explicitly the phase transition of cumulant spectrum-patterns induced by the topology change of electron path-loops while the pattern period, which depends only on the topology （or Chern number）, is robust against the variation of Coulomb interaction and interdot coupling strengths. Most importantly we report for the first time on a new type of TQPC, which is generated by the two- particle interaction and does not exist in the single-particle wave function interference. Moreover, the accurately quantized peaks of Fano-factor spectrum, which characterize the super- and sub-Poissonian shot noises, are of fundamental importance in technical applications similar to the superconducting quantum interference device.

Modeling of Adhesive Particles Using a Combination of the Two-Body Interaction and Phase-Field Methods

Discrete materials such as powders and granular materials have been widely used due to their specific characteristics. The precise evaluation is accordingly becoming important, and various numerical schemes have been developed. However, the interactions among the constituent particles are still difficult to model precisely. Especially, contact conditions, which vary with material properties and circumstances, are difficult to formulate. In this study, a computational model for simulating adhesive particles on contact in a many-particle system is proposed. The interaction between the particles was represented by a two-body repulsive force that depends on the distance between particles and an additional adhesive force at the contact point. A phase-field variable was introduced to express the surface of each particle, and the adhesive force was formulated using the phase-field distribution. As a result, the adhesion of particles was properly expressed. For a mono-particle system, neighboring particles adhered and uniformly aggregated, while for a dual-particle system, several characteristic patterns were obtained depending on the initial arrangement of the particles. Repulsive contact was also considered as a specific case, and the corresponding results were obtained.

交互式数字叙事:加拿大Writing New Body Worlds阅读治疗新探索

文章基于相关研究文献与语料,对加拿大WNB阅读治疗实践进行梳理与归纳。WNB首次使用交互式数字叙事技术,构建面向公众的阅读治疗平台,以其交互式特征,融合了阅读和治疗引导两个过程,提供可访问的非临床方式,可面向大规模人群实现预防性健康干预。基于数据与计算的精准化阅读治疗是数字人文视角下的新变革,更具推广应用价值;以在线阅读平台建设为依托,推进实施平台化的阅读和治疗应成为未来发展方向之一;基于阅读形态与体验因技术赋能而改变的现状,图书馆应发挥引领作用,积极收集、创建或协助创建数字故事,推进阅读推广、服务与治疗的融合性发展,成为社区建设促进者、历史欣赏者和社区参与倡导者,也使阅读借助交互式数字叙事这一新载体,更好地发挥变革的力量,促进健康与幸福。

Elastic responses of underground circular arches considering dynamic soil-structure interaction:A theoretical analysis

Due to the wide applications of arches in underground protective structures, dynamic analysis of circular arches including soil-structure interactions is important. In this paper, an exact solution of the forced vibration of circular arches subjected to subsurface denotation forces is obtained. The dynamic soil-structure interaction is considered with the introduction of an interfacial damping between the structure element and the surrounding soil into the equa- tion of motion. By neglecting the influences of shear, rotary inertia and tangential forces and assuming the arch incompressible, the equations of motion of the buried arches were set up. Analytical solutions of the dynamic responses of the protective arches were deduced by means of modal super- position. Arches with different opening angles, acoustic impedances and rise-span ratios were analyzed to discuss their influences on an arch. The theoretical analysis suggests blast loads for elastic designs and predicts the potential failure modes for buried protective arches.

Interaction of 14-3-3σ with KCMF1 suppresses the proliferation and colony formation of human colon cancer stem cells

AIM: To investigate the biological function of 14-3-3σ protein and to look for proteins that interact with 14-3-3σ protein in colon cancer stem cells. METHODS: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to amplify the 14-3-3σ gene from the mRNA of colon cancer stem cells. The gene was then cloned into the pGEM-T vector. After being sequenced, the target gene 14-3-3σ was cut from the pGEM-T vector and cloned into the pGBKT7 yeast expression plasmid. Then, the bait plasmid pGBKT7-14-3-3σ was transformed into the yeast strain AH109. After the expression of the pGBKT7-14-3-3σ fusion protein in the AH109 yeast strain was accomplished, a yeast two-hybrid screening assay was performed by mating AH109 with Y187 that contained a HeLa cDNA library plasmid. The interaction between the 14-3-3σ protein and the proteins obtained from positive colonies was further confirmed by repeating the yeast two-hybridscreen. After extracting and sequencing the plasmids from the positive colonies, we performed a bioinformatics analysis. A coimmunoprecipitation assay was performed to confirm the interaction between 14-3-3σ and the proteins obtained from the positive colonies. Finally, we constructed 14-3-3σ and potassium channel modulatory factor 1 (KCMF1) siRNA expression plasmids and transfected them into colon cancer stem cells. RESULTS: The bait plasmid pGBKT7-14-3-3σ was constructed successfully, and the 14-3-3σ protein had no toxic or autonomous activation effect on the yeast. Nineteen true-positive colonies were selected and sequenced, and their full-length sequences were obtained. We searched for homologous DNA sequences for these sequences from GenBank. Among the positive colonies, four coding genes with known functions were obtained, including KCMF1 , quinone oxidore-ductase (NQO2 ), hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase (HIBADH ) and 14-3-3σ . For the subsequent coimmu-noprecipitation assay, the plasmids PCDEF-Flag-14-3-3σ, PCDEF-Myc-KCMF1, PCDEF-Myc-NQO2 and PCDEF-Myc-HIBADH were successfully constructed, and the sequences were further confirmed by DNA sequencing. The Fugene 6 reagent was used to transfect the plasmids, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis showed the transfection efficiency was 97.8% after 48 h. The HEK 293FT cells showed the stable expression of the PCDEF-Flag-14-3-3σ, PCDEF-Myc-KCMF1, PCDEF-Myc-NQO2 and PCDEF-Myc-HIBADH plasmids. After anti-Myc antibody immunoprecipitation with Myc-KCMF1, Myc-NQO2 and Myc-HIBADH from cell lysates, the presence of Flag-14-3-3σ protein in the immuno-precipitated complex was determined by western blot analysis. The knock-down expression of the 14-3-3σ and KCMF1 proteins significantly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation of SW1116csc. CONCLUSION: Genes of the proteins that interactedwith 14-3-3σ were successfully screened from a HeLa cDNA library. KCMF1 and 14-3-3σ protein may affect the proliferation and colony formation of human colon cancer stem cells.

THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WAVE-CURRENTS AND OFFSHORE STRUCTURES WITH CONSIDERATION OF FLUID VISCOSITY

Study of the how held around the large scale offshore structures under the action of waves and viscous currents is of primary importance for the scouring estimation and protection in the vicinity of the structures. But very little has been known in its mechanism when the viscous effects is taken into consideration. As a part of the efforts to tackle the problem, a numerical model is presented for the simulation of the how held around a fixed vertical truncated circular cylinder subjected to waves and viscous currents based on the depth-averaged Reynolds equations and depth-averaged k-epsilon turbulence model. Finite difference method with a suitable iteration defect correct method and an artificial open boundary condition are adopted in the numerical process. Numerical results presented relate to the interactions of a pure incident viscous current with Reynolds number Re = 10(5), a pure incident regular sinusoidal wave, and the coexisting of viscous current and wave with a circular cylinder, respectively. Flow fields associated with the hydrodynamic coefficients of the fixed cylinder, as well as corresponding free surface profiles and wave amplitudes, are discussed. The present method is found to be relatively straightforward, computationally effective and numerically stable for treating the problem of interactions among waves, viscous currents and bodies.

Jet formation in shock-heavy gas bubble interaction

The influences of the acoustic impedance and shock strength on the jet formation in shock-heavy gas bubble interaction are numerically studied in this work. The process of a shock interacting with a krypton or a SF6 bubble is studied by the numerical method VAS2D. As a validation, the experiments of a SF6 bubble accelerated by a planar shock were performed. The results indicate that, due to the mismatch of acoustic impedance, the way of jet formation in heavy gas bubble with different species is diversified under the same initial condition. With respect to the same bubble, the manner of jet formation is also distinctly different under different shock strengths. The disparities of the acoustic impedance result in different effects of shock focusing in the bubble, and different behaviors of shock wave inside and outside the bubble. The analyses of the wave pattern and the pressure variation indicate that the jet formation is closely associated with the pressure perturbation. Moreover, the analy- sis of the vorticity deposition, and comparisons of circulation and baroclinic torque show that the baroclinic vorticity also contributes to the jet formation. It is concluded that the pres- sure perturbation and baroclinic vorticity deposition are the two dominant factors for the jet formation in shock-heavy gas bubble interaction.

Dinuclear Silver(Ⅰ) Complex Based on 1-Picolyl-3-propylbenzimidazolium Salt: Crystal Structure and Weak Interactions

1-Picolyl-3-propylbenzimidazolium bromide （LBr） was prepared from benzimida- zole by alkylation with 2-chloromethyl-pyridine in the presence of NaH, followed by quaternization with 1-bromopropane. Ligand LBr was treated with AgBr in CH2Cl2 to afford a dinuclear silver（I） complex L2Ag2Br4 （1）. In complex 1, a 2-D supramolecular layer is formed through two types of π-π stacking interactions. Fluorescent emission spectra of ligand LBr and complex 1 are described.

山地轨道交通隧道Geo-BIM建模方法与应用研究

为解决山地轨道交通隧道在BIM建模中存在的隧道线路偏差大、隧道构件复杂繁多、属性添加效率低以及呈现效果单一等问题,提出一种基于Revit+Dynamo+Excel及EVS软件的山地轨道交通隧道Geo-BIM建模方法。结合隧道线性工程特点,对Revit内置Dynamo插件二次开发,实现隧道快速精准的参数化建模和批量定义属性参数。提出基于EVS软件建立隧道三维地质体模型的方法,制定地层建模和岩性建模的实现方式和标准流程,结合隧道BIM模型全面实现隧道建设过程中的可视化。依托施家山隧道项目,基于Cesium框架实现了BIM模型、GIS地表和地质体三维模型的集成,实现三维可视化模型与模型属性、数据信息等可交互式操作。实践表明,Geo-BIM建模方法可以快速地对隧道BIM模型及其三维地质模型进行建模,通过集成后的模型信息之间能够表现出很好的交互效果,具有良好的工程应用价值。

Highly enhanced visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution on g-C_3N_4 decorated with vopc through π-π interaction

Photocatalytic H2 evolution reactions on pristine graphitic carbon nitrides(g-C3N4),as a promising approach for converting solar energy to fuel,are attractive for tackling global energy concerns but still suffer from low efficiencies.In this article,we report a tractable approach to modifying g-C3N4 with vanadyl phthalocyanine(VOPc/CN)for efficient visible-light-driven hydrogen production.A non-covalent VOPc/CN hybrid photocatalyst formed viaπ-πstacking interactions between the two components,as confirmed by analysis of UV-vis absorption spectra.The VOPc/CN hybrid photocatalyst shows excellent visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance and good stability.Under optimal conditions,the corresponding H2 evolution rate is nearly 6 times higher than that of pure g-C3N4.The role of VOPc in promoting hydrogen evolution activity was to extend the visible light absorption range and prevent the recombination of photoexcited electron-hole pairs effectively.It is expected that this facile modification method could be a new inspiration for the rational design and exploration of g-C3N4-based hybrid systems with strong light absorption and high-efficiency carrier separation.