On electro-acoustic characteristics of a marine broadband sparker for seismic exploration

The construction of major marine infrastructure projects and the exploration and development of deep-sea mineral resources require fine imaging of seabed strata and structures.The highresolution marine seismic exploration based on a high broadband sparker source is an important approach to reveal seabed stratum and reservoir structure,and identify geohazard.To optimize the performance of sparker seismic source,we investigated the electro-acoustic characteristics of spark discharge under conditions of different charging voltages and electrode numbers.Results show that the sound source level increased with the increase of the charging voltage,whereas the main frequency decreased when the charging voltage increases.In addition,it was found that the charging capacitance had more obvious influence on the main frequency than the sound source level did.Although the load energy decreased with increasing electrode number,the sound source level still increased but the main frequency decreased.Meanwhile,the primary to bubble(P/B)ratio increased with the increase of the electrode number.To gain a deeper insight into the electro-acoustic characteristics,we investigate the relationship between sound source level and power peak,from which a good correlation was observed.A more practical statistical analysis on the rise rate of current was processed,and a perfect logarithmic function was derived.Furthermore,we found that the main frequency was most possibly subjected to the electrical energy,especially the charging energy per electrode.The results indicate that the charging energy per electrode less than 10 J could increase the main frequency to above 300 Hz.At last,the main frequency could be reduced to 20 Hz when the charging energy of a single-electrode discharge was enhanced to over 4 kJ.This study shall be helpful in developing a sparker seismic source and improving the performance for marine engineering exploration and geohazard assessment.

Exploration Potential of Marine Source Rocks Oil-Gas Reservoirs in China

So far, more than 150 marine oil-gas fields have been found onshore and offshore about 350. The marine source rocks are mainly Paleozoic and Mesozoic onshore whereas Tertiary offshore. Three genetic categories of oil-gas reservoirs have been defined for the marine reservoirs in China： primary reservoirs, secondary reservoirs and hydrocarbon-regeneration reservoirs. And three exploration prospects have also been suggested： （1） Primary reservoirs prospects, which are chiefly distributed in many Tertiary basins of the South China Sea （SCS）, the Tertiary shelf basins of the East China Sea （ECS） and the Paleozoic of Tarim basin, Sichuan basin and Ordos basin. To explore large-middle-scale even giant oil-gas fields should chiefly be considered in this category reservoirs. These basins are the most hopeful areas to explore marine oil-gas fields in China, among which especially many Tertiary basins of the SCS should be strengthened to explore. （2） Secondary reservoirs prospects, which are mainly distributed in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic of the Tarim basin, Sichuan basin, Qiangtang basin and Chuxiong basin in western China, of which exploration potential is less than that of the primary reservoirs. （3） Hydrocarbon-regeneration reservoirs prospects, which are chiefly distributed in the Bohai Bay basin, North Jiangsu-South Yellow Sea basin, southern North China basin, Jianghan basin, South Poyang basin in eastern China and the Tarim basin in western China, of which source rocks are generally the Paleozoic. And the reservoirs formed by late-stage （always Cenozoic） secondary hydrocarbon generation of the Paleozoic source rocks should mainly be considered to explore, among which middle-small and small oil-gas fields are the chief exploration targets. As a result of higher thermal evolution of Paleozoic and Mesozoic source rocks, the marine reservoirs onshore are mainly gas fields, and so far marine oil fields have only been found in the Tarim basin. No other than establishing corresponding marine oil-gas exploration and development strategy and policy, sufficiently enhancing cognition to the particularity and complexity of China＇s marine petroleum geology, and applying new thoughts, new theories and new technologies, at the same time tackling some key technologies, it is possible to fast and effectually exploit and utilize the potential huge marine oil-gas resources of China.

Modeling air gun signatures in marine seismic exploration considering multiple physical factors

Based on analyzing the limit of Ziolkowski＇s bubble oscillation formulation,a new model with various physical factors is established to simulate air gun signatures fo marine seismic exploration.The practical effects of physical factors,such as heat transfe across the bubble wall,air gun port throttling,vertical rise of the bubble,fluid viscosity,and the existence of the air gun body were all taken into account in the new model.Compared with Ziolkowski＇s model,the signatures simulated by the new model,with small peak amplitude and rapid decay of bubble oscillation,are more consistent with actual signatures The experiment analysis indicates：（1）gun port throttling controls the peak amplitude of ai gun pulse;（2）since the hydrostatic pressure decreases when the bubble rises,the bubble oscillation period changes;（3）heat transfer and fluid viscosity are the main factors tha explain the bubble oscillation damping.

Hydrocarbon Geological Conditions and Exploration Potential of Mesozoic–Paleozoic Marine Strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin

No substantial breakthroughs have been made in hydrocarbon exploration of the South Yellow Sea Basin.It is believed that the Mesozoic-Paleozoic marine sedimentary formation in the South Yellow Sea Basin is similar to that in the Sichuan Basin.Therefore,outcrop,drilling,and seismic data were determined and compared with the research results on petroleum geological conditions in the Yangtze land area,and the hydrocarbon geological conditions were analyzed comprehensively from multiple aspects,such as basin evolution and main source rocks,reservoir characteristics,preservation conditions,and structural traps.The results show that two main stages in the South Yellow Sea Basin(the stable evolution stage of the Mesozoic-Paleozoic marine basin and the Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic reformation and basin formation stage)were important for the development and evolution of four sets of main source rocks.Reservoirs dominated by carbonate rocks,three sets of capping beds with good sealing capability,relatively weak magmatic activity,and multiple types of structural traps jointly constituted relatively good hydrocarbon-reservoir-forming conditions.There were four sets of main source-reservoir-cap assemblages and three possible hydrocarbon reservoir types(primary residual-type hydrocarbon reservoir,shallow reformed-type hydrocarbon reservoir,and composite-type hydrocarbon reservoir)developed in the marine strata.It is concluded that the marine strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin have relatively good hydrocarbon potential.The Laoshan Uplift is characterized by stable structure,complete preserved source reservoir cap assemblage,and large structural traps,and thus it is the preferred prospect zone for marine Paleozoic hydrocarbon exploration in this area.

Further Recognition of Petroleum Exploration Potential of Marine Carbonates in Western Tarim Basin

A series of significant discoveries in marine carbonate rocks show great petroleum exploration potential in the Tarim Basin. However, the oil and gas fields discovered in the carbonate rocks are mainly distributed around the Manjiaer Sag in the eastern Tarim Basin. Some explorations occurred and no oil or gas field was discovered around the Awati Sag in the western Tarim Basin. Information from wells and outcrops reveals that there are excellent oil and gas source rock conditions around the Awati Sag. Transformed reef-shoal reservoirs could be formed in the Ordovician carbonate rocks with paleo-geographic background and hydrothermal conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to make a systematical study and overall evaluation of the potential of the periphery of the Awati Sag in terms of source rock evolution, resource potential, high-grade reservoir formation and distribution, and main factors controlling hydrocarbon migration and accumulation.

Mesozoic-Cenozoic Tectonics of the Yellow Sea and Oil-Gas Exploration

The purpose of the present study was to study the tectonics of the Yellow Sea. Although oilgas exploration has been undertaken for more than 30 years in the southern Yellow Sea, the exploration progress has achieved little. There are three tectonic periods with near N-S trending shortening and compression （260-200 Ma, 135-52 Ma and 23-0.78 Ma） and three tectonic periods with near E-W trending shortening and compression （200-135 Ma, 52--23 Ma and 0.78 Ma） at the Yellow Sea and adjacent areas during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. The lndosinian tectonic period is the collision period between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze Plates, which formed the basic tectonic framework for the Yellow Sea area. There were strong intraplate deformations during the Yanshanian （200-135 Ma） and Sichuanian （135-52 Ma） periods with different tectonic models, which are also the main formation periods for endogenic metallic mineral deposits around the Yellow Sea. The three tectonic periods during the Cenozoic affect important influences for forming oil-gas reservoirs. The Eocene-Oligocene （52-23 Ma） is the main forming period for oil-gas sources. The Miocene-Early Pleistocene （23-0.78 Ma） was a period of favorable passage for oil-gas migration along NNE trending faults. Since the Middle Pleistocene （0.78 Ma） the NNE trending faults are closed and make good conditions for the reservation of oil-gas. The authors suggest that we pay more attention to the oil-gas exploration at the intersections between the NNE trending existing faults and Paleogene- Neogene systems in the southern Yellow Sea area.

Marine Engineering Geological Exploration Information System(MEGEIS):A GIS-based Application to Marine Resources Exploitation

Based on the ArcGIS geographic information system and the ORACLE database management system,this paper reports our studies on the technology of Marine Engineering Geological Exploration Information System(MEGEIS). By analyzing system structure,designing function modules and discussing data management,this paper systematically proposes a framework of technol-ogy to integrate,manage,and analyze the seabed information comprehensively. Then,the technology is applied to the design and development of the Bohai Sea Oilfield Paradigm Area Information System. The system can not only meet the practical demands of marine resources exploration and exploitation in the Bohai Sea oilfield,but also serve as a preparatory work in theory and technology for the realization of the 'Digital Seabed'.

Lower limit of thermal maturity for the carbonization of organic matter in marine shale and its exploration risk

Based on the drilling data of the Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin and periphery, SW China, the Ro lower limits and essential features of the carbonization of organic matter in over-high maturity marine shale were examined using laser Raman, electrical and physical property characterization techniques. Three preliminary conclusions are drawn:(1) The lower limit of Ro for the carbonization of Type I-II1 organic matter in marine shale is 3.5%; when the Ro is less than 3.4%, carbonization of organic matter won't happen in general; when the Ro ranges from 3.4% to 3.5%, non-carbonization and weak carbonization of organic matter may coexist; when the Ro is higher than 3.5%, the carbonization of organic matter is highly likely to take place.(2) Organic-rich shale entering carbonization phase have three basic characteristics: log resistivity curve showing a general "slender neck" with low-ultralow resistance response, Raman spectra showing a higher graphite peak, and poor physical property(with matrix porosity of only less than 1/2 of the normal level).(3) The quality damage of shale reservoir caused by the carbonization of organic matter is almost fatal, which primarily manifests in depletion of hydrocarbon generation capacity, reduction or disappearance of organic pores and intercrystalline pores of clay minerals, and drop of adsorption capacity to natural gas. Therefore, the lower limit of Ro for the carbonization of Type I-II1 organic matter should be regarded as the theoretically impassable red line of shale gas exploration in the ancient marine shale formations. The organic-rich shale with low-ultralow resistance should be evaluated effectively in area selection to exclude the high risk areas caused by the carbonization of organic matter. The target organic-rich shale layers with low-ultralow resistance drilled during exploration and development should be evaluated on carbonization level of organic matter, and the deployment plan should be adjusted according to the evaluation results in time.

Exploration Potential of Atectonic Oil-gas Pools in the Northern Shelf Basin of the South China Sea

Large-scale oil exploration has been done and large quantities of oil-gas fields have been found in the northern shelf basin of the South China Sea for more than 20 years. The tectonic oil-gas pools are the main type. With the exploration to be deepened, looking for atectonic oil-gas pools is listed in China's exploration strategy. There are advantages for the forming of atectonic oil-gas pools in the northern shelf basin of the South China Sea. Because the level of water has been frequently changing within all historical periods, lithozones are changed alternately in both vertical and lateral directions and formed lithologic deposition especially at low water level stages, such as the low-lying fans of basin-floor fans and slope fans. Due to frequent tectonic movement within all historical periods, many structural surfaces and structural unconformities were formed. At the same time, they also formed many kinds of structural unconformity oil-gas pools. According to our exploration and research, the promising areas of atectonic reservoirs within marine basins include: (1) the basin-floor fan of the deep water district, such as the central depression of the Southeast Qiong basin and Baiyun sag in the Zhujiangkou basin; (2) the frontal area of the large ancient delta, such as the Lingao structural belt in the Yingge Sea basin and Huizhou sag in the Zhujiangkou basin; (3) the unconformity pinchout belt or denudation belt in the slope area and the uplift area, for instance, the Yingdong slope belt in the Yingge Sea basin and Yacheng 13-1 structural belt in the southeast Qiong basin. All this proves that the prospects for atectonic oil-gas pools in the northern shelf basin of the South China Sea are very broad.

Marine Active Fault Exploration and Paleoearthquake Research

Marine active fault exploration and paleoearthquake research are still a gap in China. The paper gives a review on major research methods and new progress made abroad, including submarine survey boat, seismic reflection and acoustic reflection. Through detailed studies of offset history of 10 ka to 30 ka, it is possible to determine paleoearthquake recurrent intervals and elapsed time since last major earthquake. It is suggested that active fault exploration can be carried out by acoustic exploring method in large earthquake region of Bohai Sea. Paleoearthquake activity history can be revealed and earthquake risk in the future can be predicted.

Petroleum Exploration of Craton Basins in China

Craton basins are a significant petroliferous provenance. Having undergone multiple open- dose tectonic cycles and strong reworking of the late Cenozoic tectonic movement, the craton basins in China are highly broken. This has resulted in multi-source and multiphase hydrocarbon generation and later hydrocarbon accumulation so that a complicated spatial assemblage of primary, paraprimary and secondary oil-gas pools has been formed. The primary factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation include hydrocarbon-generating depressions, paleouplifts, paleoslopes, unconformity surfaces, paleo-karst, faults and fissure systems as well as the later conservation conditions. In consequence, the strategy of exploration for China＇s craton basins is to identify the effective source rocks, pay attention to the different effects of paleohighs and late reworking, enhance studies of the secondary storage space, attach importance to the exploration of lithologic oil-gas reservoirs and natural gas pools, and approach consciously from the secondary oil pools to the targets near the source rocks. At the same time, a complete system of technologies and techniques must be built up.

Distribution characteristics, exploration and development, geological theories research progress and exploration directions of shale gas in China

The shale gas resources in China have great potential and the geological resources of shale gas is over 100×10^(12)m^(3),which includes about 20×10^(12)m^(3) of recoverable resources.Organic-rich shales can be divided into three types according to their sedimentary environments,namely marine,marine-continental transitional,and continental shales,which are distributed in 13 stratigraphic systems from the Mesoproterozoic to the Cenozoic.The Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas have the highest geological resources of shale gas,and the commercial development of shale gas has been achieved in the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in these areas,with a shale gas production of up to 20×10^(9)m^(3) in 2020.China has seen rapid shale gas exploration and development over the last five years,successively achieving breakthroughs and important findings in many areas and strata.The details are as follows.(1)Large-scale development of middle-shallow shale gas(burial depth:less than 3500 m)has been realized,with the productivity having rapidly increased;(2)breakthroughs have been constantly made in the development of deep shale gas(burial depth:3500-4500 m),and the ultradeep shale gas(burial depth:greater than 4500 m)is under testing;(3)breakthroughs have been made in the development of normal-pressure shale gas,and the assessment of the shale gas in complex tectonic areas is being accelerated;(4)shale gas has been frequently discovered in new areas and new strata,exhibiting a great prospect.Based on the exploration and development practice,three aspects of consensus have been gradually reached on the research progress in the geological theories of shale gas achieved in China.(1)in terms of deep-water fine-grained sediments,organic-rich shales are the base for the formation of shale gas;(2)in terms of high-quality reservoirs,the development of micro-nano organic matter-hosted pores serves as the core of shale gas accumulation;(3)in terms of preservation conditions,weak structural transformation,a moderate degree of thermal evolution,and a high pressure coefficient are the key to shale gas enrichment.As a type of important low-carbon fossil energy,shale gas will play an increasingly important role in achieving the strategic goals of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality.Based on the in-depth study of shale gas geological conditions and current exploration progress,three important directions for shale gas exploration in China in the next five years are put forward.

Welcome to Jiangsu for Cooperative Exploration and Development of Petroleum Resource

Since 1985,68 foreign enterprises from 17 countries and areas have investigated Jiangsu area and discussed the business with us.According to the prediction by domestic geologists,the marine strata of Mesozoic-Paleozoic in south Jiangsu could contain 1.393 billion cubic meters of oil and 763.4 billion cubic meters of gas,meanwhile the volume of oil resources in continental strata of upper Cretaceous-Lower Triassic in North Jia.ngsu is estimated to be 3.34-7.55 hundred million cubic meters.For this reason many foreign oil companies are greatly interested in the prospect of cooperative exploration and development of petro.leum resources in Jiangsu Province.

水下导航与定位技术课课程思政教学改革探索与实践

育人为本、德育为先,立德树人是中国特色社会主义新时代教育的根本,将课程思政融入专业课程是实现立德树人的根本任务的关键举措。以哈尔滨工程大学设立的国内首个海洋机器人专业的核心课程水下导航与定位技术课程为例,结合学科专业特色,秉承“思政引领”,阐述课程思政建设方案与建设思路,明晰课程教学目标与思政培养目标内在关系,探讨融合思政元素与专业理论知识的多模式先进课程教学方法,构建德技双驱的科学课程体系,实现知识传授、能力培养与价值引领的有机统一,践行和弘扬社会主义核心价值观。

鄂西—渝东地区上二叠统大隆组页岩气富集条件与勘探有利区

近年来,鄂西—渝东地区多口井在二叠系大隆组获得页岩气重要发现和工业气流,展现出新层系海相页岩气良好的勘探开发前景,深化其地质认识对于指导下一步页岩气勘探具有重要意义。为此,基于岩心观察、薄片及扫描电镜观察、测/录井和有机地球化学数据分析,系统研究了该地区页岩沉积特征、储层特征、有机地球化学特征、含气性和保存条件,明确了大隆组海相页岩气勘探有利区。研究结果表明:①晚二叠世大隆期,该区发育深水台盆相沉积,富有机质页岩发育厚度10~60 m,现今埋深具有盆内埋深大、盆外埋深浅的特征;②大隆组自下而上划分为3段,一段以硅质页岩为主,二段岩性较为复杂,三段以混合质页岩为主,测井响应上表现为高自然伽马、高补偿中子、高声波时差、低电阻率、低密度、电阻率向底部逐渐降低的“三高两低一降”特征;③大隆组页岩脆性矿物以石英和方解石为主,平均值分别为40.58%和23.76%,储集空间分为孔隙(有机质孔、矿物颗粒间孔、粒间溶蚀孔、粒内溶蚀孔)和裂缝(矿物层间缝、有机质与矿物间缝、有机质内裂缝)2大类7种类型,以有机质孔为主,孔径分布呈现“四峰”特征,孔体积集中介于1~10 nm和500~5000 nm两个孔径区间;④大隆组有机质丰度高、储层非均质性强、热演化程度高、有机质类型以Ⅱ1型为主、Ⅱ2型为辅,有机质孔发育;⑤大隆组页岩具有较高的含气量,良好的顶底板条件发挥了重要的封闭作用;盆内受构造抬升剥蚀和断裂影响小,保存条件整体较好,盆外残留向斜核部保存条件较好。结论认为:①大隆组是四川盆地页岩气勘探的新领域,在盆地内发育5个勘探有利区,面积合计5500 km^(2),可加快勘探评价节奏;②在盆外发育7个勘探有利区,面积合计6700 km^(2),应优选残留面积大的有利区开展风险勘探,寻找新的突破和发现。

四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩全油气系统成藏特征与有序分布规律

基于四川盆地海相油气勘探现状和进展,以主力烃源岩为核心,依据成藏要素组合关系划分四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩全油气系统,并分析各个含油气系统的成藏特征,总结常规-非常规一体化成藏规律,指明未来有利勘探方向。研究认为:(1)受多期伸展-聚敛构造旋回的控制,四川盆地海相发育3套区域性烃源岩和3套区域性盖层,可划分出寒武系、志留系和二叠系3个全油气系统。3个全油气系统以独立成藏为主,单一系统内天然气具有亲缘性。同时,局部地区大型断裂带贯穿多套全油气系统,形成断控复式全油气系统。(2)全油气系统内普遍发育“陆棚相页岩气聚集—台缘相控气藏—台内断-相共控型气藏”的成藏序列,具有立体成藏、有序分布的规律。(3)优质烃源岩是大气田形成的基础,全油气系统内天然气具有近源和源内富集的规律,规模性储层的发育与保持是天然气富集的保障,“多元生烃、油气转化、动态调整”是海相油气成藏的特色,良好的保存条件是天然气成藏的关键。(4)大型台缘带礁滩相带、深层页岩气与通源断裂相关的大型岩性复合体是未来四川盆地海相油气勘探的主要方向。

四川盆地大庆探区油气勘探开发进展及前景展望

四川盆地发育海陆两大含油层系,油气资源潜力巨大,但整体探明率较低。为了顺应油气改革新形势,四川盆地部分区块于2017—2018年先后流转至大庆油田,近几年大庆油田在川渝大地不断突破思想禁区,海陆相油气并重勘探、刻苦攻关、深化认识,取得了一系列喜人成效。截至2023年底,海相下二叠统天然气已累计提交探明地质储量1114.59×10^(8)m^(3),同时计划在“十四五”(2021—2025年)和“十五五”(2026—2030年)期间在下二叠统累计提交天然气探明地质储量3000×10^(8)m^(3),为大庆探区的增储上产奠定坚实的基础;陆相凉高山组具备页岩油大面积富集成藏的条件,石油资源量为26.75×10^(8)t、天然气资源量为1.7×10^(8)m^(3),展现出亿吨级储量的勘探大场面,是寻找规模石油储量最为现实的领域;陆相须家河组致密气源储配置好、纵向叠置,形成大面积连片致密气藏,预测总有利区面积约为6200 km^(2),资源量为3.15×10^(12)m^(3),展现出万亿立方米的资源潜力,是四川盆地大庆探区未来规模增储上产的现实领域。

海洋探测装备收放缆力学性能研究综述

收放缆是维系海底探测装备与船舶的唯一纽带,具备电力、信息传输以及承重等功能,被广泛用于各类收放系统。收放缆的安全可靠性是其核心功能要求,因此开展收放缆力学性能试验是整个收放缆研究的基础。从海洋绞车以及收放缆的种类、失效形式出发,系统总结了收放缆力学性能试验研究动态,展望其未来研究方向。对海洋绞车以及收放缆进行了功能分类并详细分析了收放缆失效的形式以及原因;阐述了收放缆服役环境工况及其力学性能要求与试验研究现状;探讨海洋探测装备收放缆的力学性能研究方向,从极端服役环境对合成纤维收放缆力学性能影响及其机制、多重载荷耦合作用下合成纤维收放缆破坏行为及其机理、收放缆力学性能技术与综合模拟装置等方面进行了展望。

一种利用低频反鬼波滤波器提升深部地震信号能量的方法

海洋地震勘探中鬼波的存在压制了信号中的低频能量,而地球深部结构主要对应低频信号成分,提升受到鬼波压制的低频成分对深部结构探测具有重要意义。鬼波压制过程的关键参数之一是鬼波与一次反射波的到时差,其精度直接影响鬼波压制的效果。受起伏海面、崎岖海底、反射层深度变化和不均匀体分布等因素的影响,鬼波与一次反射波的到时差常无法准确估计,导致鬼波压制无法取得较好的效果。本文在鬼波与一次反射波到时差估计不准的情况下,从反鬼波滤波器的特性出发,设计不扰动高频、仅提升低频的滤波器,绕开对鬼波的压制,仅致力于对低频信号的能量提升。模型测试结果表明:利用本文方法处理后的波形,在形态上接近于无鬼波干扰的一次反射波形,且地震信号主频越低、拖缆的沉放深度越小,本方法对低频信号的能量提升作用越强。在南海实测深反射地震剖面上的测试应用也取得了较好的效果。

准噶尔盆地东部残留海相凹陷勘探实践及全油气系统

准噶尔盆地东部石钱滩凹陷为残留海相凹陷,近年来多口井在石钱滩组获高产天然气,且凹陷各部位不同层系均见到油气显示,揭示了其良好的油气勘探潜力及全油气系统特征。基于地震、钻井、测井、有机地球化学等资料,对石钱滩凹陷形成及演化、全油气系统形成条件及油气成藏模式进行了研究。晚石炭世的北天山洋壳俯冲及海水侵入,使得石钱滩地区发育陆源供给的海相中等—优质烃源岩,该烃源岩处于成熟—高成熟阶段;储集层类型齐全,发育石炭系火山岩、石钱滩组海相碎屑岩和二叠系金沟组陆相碎屑岩,在这几类储集层中均有油气成藏;受石钱滩组烃源岩生烃演化及多类型储集层特征的控制,形成了凹陷区页岩气藏—斜坡区致密油气藏—高部位常规油气藏的分布模式,具有非常规油气藏与常规油气藏有序共生的全油气系统特征。基于全油气系统理论,针对石钱滩凹陷,应在近源斜坡区寻找致密油气藏,在源上断阶带及构造高部位寻找构造-岩性油气藏及火山岩风化壳油气藏,在源内寻找海相页岩天然气藏;北疆石炭系近源有利岩性相带、山前冲断掩伏构造、盆内古隆起和斜坡区是有利的勘探区域,应围绕凹陷区页岩油气藏、环凹陷区致密砂岩油气藏、高部位常规油气藏和隆起区火山岩风化壳油气藏展开勘探。