Research on the Major Factors that Influence the Consumer Psychology in the Marketing Process

In this paper, we conduct research on major factors that influence the consumer psychology in marketing process. In marketing system, customer relationship management mainly summarized as： the purpose of the enterprise with the high quality products, fast and perfect service to attract new customers, maintain the good relationship between good and old customers. Many enterprises in the market in China in the process of economic transition has begun to attach importance to marketing strategic planning, but truly strategic decision making and planning is one of the few. Most enterprise pays attention to raise the level of the sales growth and profits in the eye of little concern for the future market of possession and the actual position in the market. Under this background, we propose the consumer psychology related research in this paper for enhancement.

Some Characters of <i>Cl. perfringens</i>Isolated from Fresh and Marketed Processed Meat

This study was carried out a fresh meat immediately after slaughter and a marketed processed cattlemeat (sausage and minced meat). A total of 530 meat samples were examined for the presence of Cl. perfringens, 423 were from fresh meat obtained immediately after slaughtering (108 cattle meat, 101 sheep meat, 100 camel meat and 114 buffaloe meat) and 107 processed meat (57 from sausage and 50 from minced meat). Cl. perfringens was isolated from 204 (48.2%) of fresh meat samples, 61 (56.5%) from cattle, 53 (52.5%) from sheep meat, 45 (45%) from camel meat and 45 (39.5%) from buffaloe meat. The isolation rate of Cl. perfringens was higher in processed meat, it was isolated from 68 (63.6%) of which 45 (78.9%) from sausage and 23 (46%) in minced meat. The processed meat was found to harbour higher viable count ranging between 4 × 102 - 7 × 106 Cl. perfringens cells/gm meat than that Fresh meat in which the number ranged from 102:5 × 106 cells/gm meat. Typing of isolated strains revealed that the majority of it was of Cl. perfringens type A, 2 of type B, 3 of type C and one type D. Sixty strains of Cl. perfringens type A were randomized and tested for heat resistance at 100℃ and the results were recorded. Production of enterotoxin by 10 strains of Cl. perfringens was performed by ligated ileal loop test in rabbits. It was done by injection of whole culture in skimmed milk, cell extracts and concentrated culture filtrates of the organism in the ileal ligated loop of rabbits and the results were recorded.

Technological Innovation of Agricultural Products Processing Enterprises from the Perspective of Modern Marketing——A Case of Agricultural Products Processing Enterprises in Hubei Province,China

The science and technology development of agricultural products processing enterprises in Hubei Province is analyzed.From the perspective of modern marketing,problems in the research and development work of agricultural products processing enterprises are analyzed from the aspects of market,personal training and technology radiation,which are mainly the lack of close connection with market.Countermeasures for the technological innovation of agricultural products processing enterprises are put forward,such as establishing modern enterprise culture with innovative features,strengthening the market benefits of brand,constructing a comprehensive customer orientation information platform,scientifically predicting and developing the market,doing well in market positioning of enterprise,selecting corresponding technology innovation strategy,taking technological innovation strategy as the basis,realizing the transformation from "4P" marketing combination to "4C",cultivating technical personnel,and realizing the integration of professional skill and marketing ability.

Physicochemical Properties and Health Risks of Informal E-Waste Processing at Alaba International Market in Lagos, Nigeria

This study investigated the groundwater quality and health risks associated with informal e-waste processing in the Alaba International Market in Lagos, Nigeria. Twenty-two groundwater samples were collected from hand-dug wells in the market area and analyzed for physicochemical properties and heavy metal concentrations. The results showed that the groundwater quality was poor, with high levels of heavy metals, including cadmium, lead, and chromium. The health index (HI) for children and adults was above the tolerable threshold levels, indicating a potential health risk to the population. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to identify the sources of metals in groundwater, and the results showed that informal e-waste processing was a significant source of contamination. The study highlights the need for effective management strategies to mitigate the potential health risks associated with informal e-waste processing and ensure public health and environmental safety.

Study on the model of an insurer's solvency ratio in Markov-modulated Brownian markets

In this paper the insurer＇s solvency ratio model with or without jump diffusion process in the presence of financial distress cost is constructed, where an insurer＇s solvency ratio is characterized by a Markov-modulated dynamics. By Girsanov＇s theorem and the option pricing formula, the expected present value of shareholders＇ terminal payoff is provided.

Analysis and Thinking on Citrus Production and Marketing Situation of Hunan Province in 2017

In 2017,both the planting area and yield of the citrus in Hunan Province increased,but some production areas suffered decline in yield due to abnormal climate. The sales price of citrus in the whole province increased compared with the previous year,and the sales progress was faster than the previous year. Due to the much increase of planting costs,the income of citrus growers declined. Therefore,it is recommended to promote the development of citrus industry in Hunan Province through strengthening the overall planning of the industry,consolidating the seed base,developing primary processing and deep processing,and enhancing brand building.

杂粮食品加工现状及市场前景

杂粮通常指除了大米、小麦、玉米等主粮之外的其他谷豆类食物。杂粮能够为人体提供膳食纤维、维生素、矿物质和蛋白质等多种必需营养素,具有调节血糖、降血脂、预防癌症、促进肠道健康、提高免疫力等功效。其主要加工方式有粉类加工、粒类加工、片类加工、预熟加工和发酵加工,不同的加工方式工艺流程、市场需求和产业发展各不相同。杂粮食品发展前景广阔,这得益于健康饮食的趋势、健康零食的流行、餐饮市场的需求、农村市场的拓展以及科技创新的推动。

市场化进程、对外开放与省域经济增长要素效率——基于多层统计模型的分析

经济高速增长期侧重于要素规模扩张,高质量发展则需聚焦于要素效率提升。基于多层统计模型,将市场化进程和对外开放作为经济增长要素效率的影响因素纳入经济增长分析框架,构建了市场化进程和对外开放影响经济增长要素效率的计量模型,从而将经济增长模型拓展为适合于经济增长要素效率分析的模型。在此基础上,利用1998—2022年中国省域数据实证分析了市场化进程、对外开放对省域经济增长要素效率的影响。结果表明:中国不同省域间的全要素生产率、资本效率、劳动效率、人力资本效率、技术创新效率存在显著差异;产品市场发育水平、要素市场发育水平的提高都有利于全要素生产率提升,外商直接投资的增加不利于全要素生产率的提高,但货物进出口贸易的增加有助于全要素生产率的提高;外商直接投资的增加有利于提高劳动效率和人力资本效率,货物进出口贸易的增加将抑制人力资本效率;经济增长要素效率的影响在不同区域、不同时段上存在一定差异。中国各省域在经济增长过程中,应依据省域间影响的差异性、不同时段上的趋势性,围绕效率提高设计改革开放的政策体系,以实现经济高质量发展。

Present Situation and Developing Trend on Laser Processing Industry in China

Developing trend and present situation on laser processing industry in China are mainly reviewed.The market analysis on laser processing systems are given,some new and rapidly developed laser processing systems are introduced.Finally,the paper also introduces some new kinds of laser systems and equipment.

市场化进程、融资约束与现金持有价值

选取我国沪深A股上市企业2013—2021年财务数据为样本,运用固定效应模型检验市场化进程对企业现金持有价值的影响及其渠道机制。研究得出:市场化进程对现金持有价值具有显著负向效应,并且融资约束起中介效应;异质性分析中发现在投资者保护度较低、信息不对称程度较高以及企业成长性较高时该效应更明显。进一步研究得出,现金持有水平还有利于缓解企业的经营风险,促进经营业绩。渠道机制表明持有高额的现金能够发挥预防性功能,在市场化进程较低时可以提高现金持有价值;企业要制定较有弹性的现金持有政策以应对不断变化的外部市场环境;对于持有现金政策的制定不可忽略融资约束这一重要中介变量。

数字经济对产业链韧性的影响研究

提升产业链韧性是适应世界形势变化、推进我国新型工业化、为实现中国式现代化构筑强大物质基础的必然举措。本文基于2011—2021年中国31个省份的面板数据,从抵抗能力、恢复能力、可持续发展能力和创新能力四个维度构建指标体系,运用熵权TOPSIS法测算出产业链韧性,然后使用固定效应模型与中介效应模型考察数字经济对产业链韧性的影响。结果表明:数字经济能够显著提升产业链韧性,但区域间存在差异,数字经济能够显著促进东部地区和西部地区产业链韧性提升,对中部地区影响不显著。机制分析发现,数字经济通过推动市场化进程和提升劳动力就业规模对产业链韧性产生促进作用。另外,在市场化水平高和劳动力就业规模大的条件下,数字经济提升产业链韧性边际效应递增。为更好地发挥数字经济对产业链韧性的促进作用,应加大各类科技研发投入力度,实现关键核心技术自主可控,增强产业基础能力,推进区域协调发展等。

产加销一体化经营对农民专业合作社经济绩效的影响机制研究

基于2015-2020年全国30个省(区、市)的合作社数据,采用双向固定效应模型从生产规模和节约交易成本角度分析产加销一体化经营形式对农民专业合作社经济绩效的影响,并进一步对不同地区的合作社进行异质性分析。结果表明:产加销一体化经营通过提高农民专业合作社市场竞争优势从而促进农民专业合作社经济绩效提升;就区域异质性而言,东部和西部地区产加销一体化对合作社经济绩效提升具有促进作用,而中部地区产加销一体化经营对农民专业合作社经济绩效提升无显著的促进作用。因此,现阶段既要重视强化合作社的产加销一体化经营,也要适度扩大合作社产加销一体化服务的广度和深度;既要追求农民专业合作社经济绩效,也要提高社员收入。

Evaluation on the development degree of China's seven pilot carbon markets

China is preparing to establish a nationwide carbon market in 2017, and in order to facilitate this goal, seven pilot carbon markets have been under study for the past few years. This paper summarizes the operation experience and challenges of the seven pilot carbon markets in China.It has been widely accepted that the essence of a carbon market is to solve environmental problems through market mechanisms, with environmental benefit being the fundamental purpose, market mechanism being the key measure, and policies and regulations being an important guarantee for an orderly carbon market. Therefore, this paper constructs an evaluation index system composed of 34 detailed sub-indexes in three dimensions, such as environmental constraint force, market resource allocation ability, and supporting policies and facility completeness. Through analyzing the operation data from 2013 to 2016, the weights of the sub-indexes are obtained. In addition, the study obtains experts' opinions from over 10 carbon permits exchanges, consultancy firms and research institutions in China, and conducts a comprehensive evaluation on the development degree of the seven pilot carbon markets. Results show that the pilot carbon markets that include private SMEs as the covered entities for emissions control present relatively higher environmental constraint force. But too many covered entities could increase the difficulty of market performance management, while the pilots that include high energy-consuming state-owned enterprises as the entities for emissions control demonstrate a phenomenon of "high market compliance rate with low trading volume". The resource allocation capability of China's carbon market has not been effectively brought into play, and low degree of market participation has become an important constraint factor for market development. Due to the lack of laws and regulations at the national macro-level, the legally binding force of the pilot markets construction is obviously insufficient, and the supporting policies are lacking foresights.Generally, the development of China's pilot carbon markets is still in such a fragmented state as in the aspects of environment, market and policy development, and the market operation has not yet achieved the purpose of solving environmental problems through market mechanisms.Accordingly, policy recommendations pointed out by this study are that tightening the allowance of free quota and progressively increasing the auction proportion, improving legal construction,increasing the services and products of carbon finance and standardizing the order of market transactions, enhancing capacity building of local governments and promoting the participation willingness and capability of emissions control entities, will be necessary.

中国新能源汽车海外市场开拓的影响因素——基于ISM-AHP模型分析

把握新能源汽车在海外市场开拓过程中的影响因素,对于更好地实现我国新能源汽车的战略目标极为重要。影响新能源汽车海外市场的开拓因素归纳为新能源汽车产品生产、东道国市场条件、新能源汽车产品营销、新能源汽车技术支持、我国政策条件五个层面共22个子要素,并构建我国新能源汽车海外市场开拓影响因素的解释结构模型(ISM),运用层次分析法(AHP)确定各直接影响因素的相对重要性。基于此,提出要注重产品研发、优化出口策略、提升用户黏度、优化政策体系,以提升我国新能源汽车的发展动力,夯实发展基础,并更好地应对替代产品威胁。

制度压力视域下供应链数字化创新驱动因素研究

供应链数字化创新已成为企业适应当今时代发展的必然趋势。从制度理论中的制度压力视域出发,选取2012—2020年中国A股上市公司作为研究样本,实证分析市场化进程、企业社会责任、媒体关注分别作为规制压力、规范压力、认知压力对供应链数字化创新的影响,同时探索制度环境变化速度在其中的情境作用。结果表明,市场化进程、企业社会责任、媒体关注对供应链数字化创新均有积极影响;制度环境变化速度在市场化进程与供应链数字化创新之间具有显著负向调节作用,在媒体关注与供应链数字化创新之间具有正向调节作用,而在企业社会责任与供应链数字化创新之间不具有调节作用。结论对于有效识别企业供应链数字化创新的驱动因素,厘清制度压力对供应链数字化创新的影响机制具有重要理论价值与实践意义。

EXISTENCE OF STOCHASTIC EQUILIBRIUM WITH INCOMPLETE FINANCIAL MARKETS

This paper analyzes the aritrage free security markets and the general equilibrium existence problem for a stochastic economy with incomplete financial markets. Information structure is given by an event tree. This paper restricts attention to purely financial securities. It is assume that trading takes place in the sequence of spot markets and futures markets for securities payable in units of account. Unlimited short selling in securities is allowed. Financial markets may be incomplete: some consumption streams may be impossible to obtain by any trading strategy. Securities may be individually precluded from trade at arbitrary states and dates. The security price process is arbitrage free the dividend process if and only if there exists a stochstic state price (present value) process: the present value of the security prices at every vertex is the present value of their dividend and capital values over the set of immediate successors; the current value of each security at every vertex is the present value of its future dividend stream over all succeeding vertices. The existence of such an equilibrium is proved under the following condition: continuous, weakly convex, strictly monotone and complete preferences, strictly positive endowments and dividends processes.

数字经济、营商环境与西部地区制造业服务化

本文基于2001—2020年西部12个省份面板数据,对数字经济、营商环境与西部地区制造业服务化水平之间的影响关系开展实证研究。研究发现,数字经济可以显著促进西部地区制造业服务化升级,并且数字经济能通过“提高政府财政分权程度”促进西部地区制造业服务化升级,异质性结果显示其政府财政分权越高,此中介效应越明显。同时,数字经济还能通过“刺激非国有经济发展”提高西部地区制造业服务化水平,但市场化进程的中介效应未能充分体现;异质性检验表明,与西北地区相比,数字经济对西南地区制造业服务化的促进作用更明显。上述发现为深入理解数字经济与西部地区制造业服务化之间关系,并在此基础上完善西部地区相关数字经济发展政策,促进西部地区经济协调高质量发展提供了新的视角和经验证据。

面向数字经济高质量发展的数据要素流通全流程场域构建研究

立足于国家数字经济深化发展的重大战略需求,构建数据要素流通全流程场域,有助于提升数据要素价值释放及其交易流通的总体效率,加快我国数据要素市场规范化建设。

己二腈工艺路线选择及产业化分析

介绍了己二腈上下游产业链及主要工艺路线、下游应用及份额、市场供需及趋势分析、产业化的难点及解决思路。重点从成本、投资、环保等方面多角度分析了合成己二腈各工艺路线优劣,明确最优路线。从技术、产业链、原辅料、规模等方面阐述了产品竞争力关键点,明确了推进己二腈项目产业化的要点。

近代汉口茶叶贸易中心地位的变迁

清前期,作为多个茶产区交汇中心,汉口在长江下游茶叶向全国流通的网络中扮演了重要的角色,是“万里茶道”南部的重要节点。19世纪下半叶,随着运输线路的拓展和运输工具的升级,汉口在国内和国际茶叶贸易网络中的转运功能愈发重要。在全国茶叶贸易网络中,汉口以其强大的贸易辐射力、独特的头茶竞拍以及多样化的消费市场等优势,由一个区域性的茶叶贸易中心发展为全国茶叶贸易中心。为保证茶叶质量、节省运输成本和税厘费用,以俄商为代表的茶商开始在汉口就地生产包装,俄商砖茶厂迅速占据汉口茶叶市场,成为汉口茶叶加工产业的主力军。20世纪初,汉口成为当时全国唯一一个集转运、交易和加工三大功能为一体的均衡发展的综合性茶叶贸易中心。