Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products Supply-Chain Finance Based on D-S Theory

Agricultural products supply-chain finance, as one of the solutions to the issue of “capital problems” of agriculture, countryside and farmers, has proposed a kind of characteristics model to assess the risk of agricultural production, processing and marketing, which can improve the issue of farmers and enterprises lacking of funds. This model is proposed on the basis of uncertain information processing method of D-S theory and its data combination rules, combined with the “discount rate” correction model, and it includes a risk assessment index system of agricultural products supply-chain finance, fully considering the five aspects of production, processing, marketing, cooperation of supply chain and collateral. At last, a taro supply chain is taken for example. And the risk assessment of its supply-chain finance based on this model has been discussed in detail. And the result has proved that the model and its algorithm are practical and feasible.

Marx's Ground Rent Theory and Innovation of China's Urban Land System

China's traditional urban land system is established in highly centralized planned economy. This system negates functions of value law and economic law fundamentally,so it is not favorable for establishment of market mechanism and development of market economy. This study took Marx's ground rent theory as guidance,combined existing problems of China's land use system,and made analysis on innovation of China's urban land system from property right system,land market and land price.

Marx's Theory of Ground Rent and Nationalization of Land in China

Marx's theory of ground rent is an indispensable part of Marx's economic theory. It is essential to grasp scientific connotation of Marx's theory of ground rent,and actively explore and study theories and policies of socialist ground rent and nationalization of land through combining the certainty of existence of ground rent and actual situations of nationalization of land in China.

Ecological Significance in Marx's Theory of Metabolic Rift and Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Rural Areas

In expounding the historical conditions of " two necessities",Marx profoundly criticized the consequence of capitalist mode of production to society and ecology. Through the analysis of the capitalist relations of production,Marx systematically completed the viewpoint system about the material circulation of nature and human society,and foresaw the ecological consequences of capitalism to the world scientifically,taking ecology and mode of production as an organic whole. Since the socialism with Chinese characteristics entered into the new era,facing the serious ecological problems in the countryside in the process of modernization,the Party and the state,through the latest interpretation of the basic principles of Marxism,have creatively replaced the unsustainable poverty-alleviation policy with the targeted poverty-alleviation policy,thus making it have an important ecological orientation in the practice of poverty-alleviation in the countryside.

媒介接触下青年群体自主产品消费意愿的形成机理研究——基于S-O-R理论

培养青年群体自主产品消费意愿是实施扩大内需战略与深化供给侧结构性改革有机结合的有力抓手。基于S-O-R(刺激—有机体—反应)这一环境心理学理论,从“爱国情感”和“政府信任”两大路径出发构建媒介接触下的自主产品消费意愿模型,并将媒介细分为主流媒体和非主流媒体展开对比研究。基于结构方程模型的验证发现,主流媒体和社交媒体刺激了消费者的爱国情感和政府信任,最终影响自主产品消费意愿,且爱国情感路径下的作用更为突出。

Anderson's Cognitive Theory and Learning Strategy Studies in Second Language Acquisition

Second language acquisition can not be understood without addressing the interaction between language and cognition. Cognitive theory can extend to describe learning strategies as complex cognitive skills. Theoretical developments in Anderson’s production systems cover a broader range of behavior than other theories, including comprehension and production of oral and written texts as well as comprehension, problem solving, and verbal learning.Thus Anderson’s cognitive theory can be served as a rationale for learning strategy studies in second language acquisition.

Detecting a Regularity in the Generation and Utilization of Primes in the Multiplicative Number Theory

If Goldbach’s conjecture is true, then for each prime number p there is at least one pair of primes symmetric with respect to p and whose sum is 2p. In the multiplicative number theory, covering the positive integers with primes, during the prime factorization, may be viewed as being the outcome of a parallel system which functions properly if and only if Euler’s formula of the product of the reciprocals of the primes is true. An exact formula for the number of primes less than or equal to an arbitrary bound is given. This formula may be implemented using Wolfram’s computer package Mathematica.

Five Dialectics of Xi Jinping's Theory on Ecological Progress

Xi Jinping's theory on ecological progress expands and deepens Marx's views on ecology and spells out the five dialectics between economic development and ecological conservation, the will of the nation and the will of the people, Chinese characteristics and global approaches, cultural concepts and institutional design, as well as the community of life and the community of shared future for mankind. It carries significance for our time and is weighted with theoretical value. At this stage, learning and studying the dialectics and value orientation of Xi Jinping's theory on ecological progress offers scientific guidance and value-based directions for China's efforts to promote an ecological civilization.

Motoyosi Sugita—A “Widely Unknown” Japanese Thermodynamicist Who Explored the 4th Law of Thermodynamics for Creation of the Theory of Life

The purpose of this paper is to introduce to you, the Western people, nowadays a “widely unknown” Japanese thermodynamicist by the name of Motoyosi Sugita and his study on the thermodynamics of transient phenomena and his theory of life. This is because although he was one of the top theoretical physicists in Japan before, during and after WWII and after WWII he promoted the establishment of the biophysical society of Japan as one of the founding members, he himself and his studies themselves have seemed to be totally forgotten nowadays in spite that his study was absolutely important for the study of life. Therefore, in this paper I would like to present what kind of person he was and what he studied in physics as a review on the physics work of Motoyosi Sugita for the first time. I will follow his past studies to introduce his ideas in theoretical physics as well as in biophysics as follows: He proposed the bright ideas such as the quasi-static change in the broad sense, the virtual heat, and the field of chemical potential etc. in order to establish his own theory of thermodynamics of transient phenomena, as the generalization of the Onsager-Prigogine’s theory of the irreversible processes. By the concept of the field of chemical potential that acquired the nonlinear transport, he was seemingly successful to exceed and go beyond the scope of Onsager and Prigogine. Once he established his thermodynamics, he explored the existence of the 4th law of thermodynamics for the foundation of theory of life. He applied it to broad categories of transient phenomena including life and life being such as the theory of metabolism. He regarded the 4th law of thermodynamics as the maximum principle in transient phenomena. He tried to prove it all life long. Since I have recently found that his maximum principle can be included in more general maximum principle, which was known as the Pontryagin’s maximum principle in the theory of optimal control, I would like to explain such theories produced by Motoyosi Sugita as detailed as possible. And also I have put short history of Motoyosi Sugita’s personal life in order for you to know him well. I hope that this article helps you to know this wonderful man and understand what he did in the past, which was totally forgotten in the world and even in Japan.

关于新质生产力的理论

新质生产力是马克思生产力理论的继承与创新,也是中国特色社会主义实践的提炼总结与升华。本文在总结马克思生产力理论的基础上,对新质生产力的理论来源和基本内涵进行了学理阐释。发展新质生产力是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的关键所在,是为了引领数字文明时代的工业革命,是为了更好地满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要。新质生产力这一全新范畴,是习近平经济思想的重要组成部分,是马克思生产力理论的创新性发展,是中国经济学自主知识体系的重要创新。

劳动生产率与社会生产规模对利润引致需求的作用——马克思经济理论视阈下的函数与分析

以马克思经济理论为基础,分析劳动生产率和社会生产规模对利润引致需求的作用、数量关系及其本质所在,社会生产规模可以用劳动者人数和资本数量两个方面来衡量。当劳动生产率提高和资本数量扩张时,利润引致需求不一定增长;如果资本有机构成的增长率高于劳动生产率和资本数量的增长率时,利润引致需求会下降,这就是经济增长中的总需求下降或总需求不足加剧现象。预期的不稳定性和投资在形成市场供给和需求上的时间差,会导致利润引致需求具有内在的不稳定性,从而导致宏观经济内在的不稳定性和周期性。在宏观经济政策制定中,特别关注这两点,具有至关重要的意义。在马克思经济理论基础上构建利润引致需求函数关系及其数量分析,并由此出发解决宏观经济运行中的现实问题,也证明了马克思主义理论的生命力。

基于D-S证据理论的电商服装新品需求预测与订货决策研究

现有服装电商企业对新品需求预测不准确,会导致大量商品滞销或缺货,造成企业亏损。服装新品预测困难的主要原因在于其无历史数据可参考。由于证据理论具有处理多源不确定信息的能力,文中采用该理论建立需求预测模型。首先,构建证据理论模型,运用D-S证据合成法则将多位专家的预测进行融合,并将预测需求量信度函数转换为概率分布;其次,通过报童模型得出最优订货量;最后,以某电商企业新品上新为例进行了算例分析。该方法可提升服装类新品需求初次预测的精准度,辅助电商企业新品订货决策。

基于多元数据的夏季鸡舍环境质量评价及其对产蛋性能的影响

蛋鸡舍环境质量直接影响蛋鸡产蛋性能。为探究夏季蛋鸡舍环境质量及其对产蛋性能的影响,研究提出基于多元数据的分析方法,首先采集鸡舍内7类关键环境因子数据,按照热环境、光环境和气体环境分组,再根据改进D-S证据理论规则进行迭代融合,得到蛋鸡舍各检测点环境质量的综合评价结果,进而分析其对产蛋性能的影响。以夏季八层层叠式蛋鸡舍为试验鸡舍开展试验。结果显示:八层层叠式蛋鸡舍下四层的环境质量和平均产蛋率的最优位置均处于鸡舍前端;平均产蛋率最差的位置处于鸡舍中端,该位置环境质量综合评价结果为一般;上四层平均产蛋率最优位置为鸡舍中端,该位置环境质量综合评价结果为适宜;平均产蛋率最差位置和环境质量最差位置均为鸡舍后端(靠近风机端)。在试验鸡舍所有检测点中,平均产蛋率高于86%的检测点,环境质量综合评价结果大都为适宜,平均产蛋率低于86%的检测点,环境质量综合评价结果为一般或差,鸡舍内各检测点环境质量综合评价结果与平均产蛋率的变化趋势高度一致。该研究为准确评价蛋鸡舍环境质量,揭示蛋鸡舍环境质量对产蛋性能的影响提供了一种行之有效的方法。

何谓新质生产力——马克思的生产力理论新解

新质生产力是一个复杂的系统,包括哲学基础、一般性质和中国特点三个方面的内容。新质生产力的哲学基础是马克思的生产力理论。马克思的生产力理论创造是以19世纪的资本主义大机器生产为经验原型的,但马克思在以他的历史哲学来审视19世纪资本主义大机器生产的过程中,揭示了生产力发展的内在机制,预示了生产力的未来发展必然是科学技术和精神文化的创造占据主导地位。这些思想构成了马克思的生产力理论与新质生产力的接合点。新质生产力的一般性质及其构成是由数字劳动方式决定的,数字劳动方式具有三个特点:一是在技术构成上,实现了现代科学与复杂的技术系统和现代生产结构的有机结合;二是在资本的构成上,以科学技术和新思想创造为主体的非物质劳动进入资本构成,与工业、农业等物质劳动的资本共同构成了新的资本结构;三是在思想构成上,把系统哲学和系统技术结合起来,建构了以通信、信息控制研究为核心的思维范式。上述三个特点凸显了科学技术、人的思想创造和文化精神在新质生产力中的主导地位,构成了新质生产力的一般规定。新质生产力的中国特色是与中国式现代化的道路相联系的,它的思想基础是中国特色社会主义,它的实践基础是中国改革开放以来创造的新质生产力发展模式。中关村电子一条街的发展,就是近40年来中国新质生产力发展史的一个缩影。

马克思论教育面向生产劳动的四重意蕴

马克思重视儿童的智育、体育、技术教育,提出教育与生产劳动相结合的论断,这反映出马克思对教育问题的研究与他对生产劳动问题的研究密切相关。但是,不能把马克思关于教育的论述理解成经济学的命题。如果只对马克思的教育论述作出经济学阐释,必定会忽略马克思教育论述中蕴含的革命立场。马克思分析和批判古典经济学家关于劳动创造财富的观点,发现了人的存在秘密,阐述自由是人的类本质,建构了存在论思想方式。马克思对教育面向生产劳动问题的论述具有四重意蕴:一是明确人的存在是教育研究的前提,形成教育研究的存在论思想方式;二是对教育是产生贫困问题根源的观点进行澄清,划清理解教育目的的边界;三是既要倡导综合技术教育,以满足人获得生产生活技能的需要,又要避免教育出现功利化;四是展示未来教育的新形态,实现从理念型教育转向实践型教育。

再论新质生产力的内涵特征与形成路径——以马克思生产力理论为视角

在唯物史观视角下,马克思生产力理论为进一步深入探究新质生产力提供了一个系统性的理论基础。生产力三大基本要素及其优化组合的新质跃升是新质生产力的基本内涵,新质生产力实质上是人更高阶地创造性认识和改造自然的现实能力,是以科技创新引领全要素生产率提升的复杂系统,新质生产力与新型生产关系相互联系和作用。基于新质生产力的丰富内涵,新质生产力从四个维度分别展现出以脑力劳动者为主的主体特征、颠覆性创新驱动的技术特征、多要素渗透融合的结构特征、数智化和绿色化产业的形态特征。加快形成新质生产力,要充分发挥社会主义制度优势促进高水平科技创新,推动数字技术对生产要素全方位渗透融合,不断培养适应新质生产力发展的高素质人才,着力培育和壮大战略性新兴产业和未来产业,助力高质量发展。

新质生产力的研究现状与展望

新质生产力是传统生产力的质态跃迁,也是未来生产力的重要基石。国内学界对新质生产力的出场逻辑、丰富意涵、时代价值和形成路径等方面进行了研究,初步形成了新质生产力的研究系统。但是,现有研究也存在理论体系未形成、历史经验欠总结、价值系统不全面以及实践路径待完善等薄弱情况。为此,今后研究应聚焦以下四点:一是加强新质生产力的理论体系研究,为新质生产力发展提供更为丰富的理论支撑;二是细化新质生产力的经验供给研究,为新质生产力发展提供更为直接的经验启迪;三是优化新质生产力的价值系统研究,为新质生产力发展提供更为深厚的精神动力;四是深化新质生产力的形成路径研究,为新质生产力发展提供更为多样的路径选择。

马克思生产理论的双重向度及当代观照

历史唯物主义强调生产是人类历史的第一前提。后现代主义者鲍德里亚由此将马克思关于生产的理论视为资产阶级“生产主义”意识形态的“同谋”。究其实质,马克思的生产理论内蕴存在论与社会批判理论的双重向度,鲍德里亚无视这一内在统一,把批判单独指向关于生产的存在论向度,罔顾其指向对作为一定生产内容的资本主义生产现实的批判,只对历史唯物主义的生产理论作形式化理解。从对马克思生产理论双重向度内在统一性的体认出发,不仅能够回应后现代主义对生产的解构性意向,而且可以更深刻地领会中国式现代化道路的现实发展及其对西方以资本为中心的现代社会发展模式的反思与超越。从存在论向度看,中国式现代化蕴含现代文明的共同性特征;从社会批判理论向度看,中国式现代化体现了科学社会主义的根本性质及其对西方资本主义现代化的实践超越。

基于SOR理论的社交网络互动对旅游行为的影响

提高社交网络互动效率激发游客产品购买行为一直是旅游企业关注的问题。本文通过S-O-R框架,借鉴价值理论与沉浸理论探究虚拟品牌社区互动对旅游行为的影响。结果表明:易用性、双向沟通、旅游目的地联结性等因素是旅游者感知互动的重要组成,但感知互动不能直接对旅游产品购买行为产生显著影响,而是通过沉浸与感知价值的中介作用产生旅游购买行为。因此,本文提出积极响应成员交流、通过线上活动增加旅游目的地联结性、通过话题分组减少信息过载、鼓励旅游者分享旅游故事等建议,以改善社交网络旅游者体验,提升旅游企业社交网络运营能力。

D-S证据理论在驾驶行为决策中的应用

利用仿生学原理、D-S证据理论、模糊数学知识和产生式规则,研究了一种决策级多传感器信息融合算法。经仿真验证,此算法实时性好,能表示驾驶员的不确定性经验知识,克服其认知局限性,模拟其驾驶行为决策,快速、准确地确定车辆的运行模式,在一个或多个传感器失效的情况下也能保证一定的综合性能,具有良好的容错能力。同时,该研究也为智能车辆自动驾驶系统的仿真及实现提供了基础性理论依据。