血清缺氧诱导因子-1α、内皮素-1及基质金属蛋白酶-9联合检测对颅内动脉瘤破裂出血142例手术预后的价值

目的探讨血清缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、内皮素-1(ET-1)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)联合预测颅内动脉瘤破裂出血术后预后不良的价值。方法选取2020年1月至2022年1月东台市人民医院收治的颅内动脉瘤破裂出血病人142例作为研究组,另选取同期健康体检者140例作为对照组,检测病人术前、入院1周(均为术后)、术后6个月血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9水平并进行比较。另依据病人出院6个月后预后情况,将其分为预后良好组(101例)和预后不良组(41例),对比预后良好组和预后不良组术前、入院1周、术后6个月血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9水平,分析颅内动脉瘤破裂出血病人预后不良的影响因素及血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9单项及联合检测对颅内动脉瘤破裂出血病人预后不良的预测价值。结果研究组术前血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组随访6个月预后不良发生率为28.87%(41/142),血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9水平经重复测量方差分析差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),预后不良组入院1周、术后6个月血清HIF-1α(42.43±3.05)μg/L和(41.53±4.52)μg/L、ET-1(14.27±1.24)ng/L和(13.96±2.04)ng/L、MMP-9(15.57±1.81)μg/L和(14.68±2.65)μg/L均低于术前(51.19±4.38)μg/L、(16.50±1.45)ng/L、(18.26±2.29)μg/L;预后良好组入院1周、术后6个月血清HIF-1α(40.78±1.53)μg/L和(34.87±4.68)μg/L、ET-1(13.12±2.16)ng/L和(10.05±1.96)ng/L、MMP-9(14.87±1.20)μg/L和(12.21±2.87)μg/L均低于术前(47.82±4.13)μg/L、(14.89±2.75)ng/L、(17.41±1.21)μg/L;预后良好组术后6个月血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9水平均低于入院1周(P<0.05)。预后不良组术前、入院1周、术后6个月血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9水平均高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。预后不良组多发动脉瘤、脑积水、Hunt-Hess分级Ⅳ~Ⅴ级、CT Fisher分级3~4级、手术时机为≥72 h、并发脑血管痉挛、并发脑梗死病人占比均高于预后良好组(P<0.05);Hunt-Hess分级Ⅳ~Ⅴ级、手术时机为≥72 h、术前及入院1周血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9高水平均是颅内动脉瘤破裂出血预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05);受试者操作特征曲线显示,术前及入院1周血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9三者联合预测颅内动脉瘤破裂出血病人预后不良的灵敏度(97.56%、95.12%)和曲线下面积(0.93、0.91)高于单独预测(P<0.05),特异度与单独评估比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论颅内动脉瘤破裂出血病人术前血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9水平均高于健康人群,术前和入院1周血清HIF-1α、ET-1、MMP-9高水平均是术后预后不良的独立危险因素,且对颅内动脉瘤破裂出血术后预后不良具有一定预测价值,但三者联合预测价值更高。

信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗治疗不可切除肝细胞肝癌患者效果及其血清VEGF、MMP-9水平变化

目的 探讨信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗治疗不可切除肝细胞肝癌患者效果及其血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平变化。方法 选取2021年1月至2022年12月在周口市中心医院确诊的80例不可切除肝细胞肝癌患者,根据患者治疗方式将患者分为单抗联合组和对照组。对照组患者接受口服甲苯磺酸索拉非尼治疗,纳入36例;单抗联合组接受信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗治疗,纳入44例。记录两组患者治疗4个周期后的病情控制率和客观缓解率,比较治疗前、治疗2个周期后、治疗4个周期后血清VEGF和MMP-9水平变化,比较治疗毒副作用发生情况。随访6~30个月,绘制生存曲线,比较两组患者中位总生存时间(OS)和中位无进展生存时间(PFS)。结果 单抗联合组患者病情控制率和客观缓解率分别为77.27%和25.00%,对照组分别为44.44%和5.56%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,单抗联合组患者血清VEGF和MMP-9水平均随着时间降低,且低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单抗联合组患者甲状腺功能减退发生率为18.18%,对照组为2.78%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);单抗联合组患者脱发和手足综合征发生率均为0,对照组分别为22.22%和27.78%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有患者中位随访时间为18个月,单抗联合组患者中位OS和中位PFS分别为16.9个月和4.8个月,对照组患者中位OS和中位PFS分别为10.5个月和3个月,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗治疗可以较好地控制不可切除肝细胞肝癌患者病情发展,显著降低血清肿瘤相关因子水平,提高生存率,且安全性较好。

肝细胞癌患者血清ECM1、MMP-9和VEGF水平的变化及其意义

目的 探究肝细胞癌患者血清细胞外基质蛋白-1(ECM1)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平的变化及其意义。方法 对60例肝细胞癌患者进行回顾性分析,患者主要使用甲磺酸阿帕替尼进行治疗,必要时也可联合GEMOX方案肝动脉化疗栓塞术进行治疗。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定患者治疗前后的血清ECM1、VEGF、MMP-9水平。比较患者治疗前后ECM1、MMP-9和VEGF水平;比较不同临床病理特征(年龄、性别、血管侵犯、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、Edmondson分期和肿瘤直径)患者ECM1、MMP-9和VEGF水平。结果 治疗后,患者ECM1、MMP-9以及VEGF水平分别为(135.23±44.58)pg/ml、(421.25±87.56)μg/L和(657.56±54.56)pg/ml,均低于治疗前的(215.56±30.80)pg/ml、(499.56±30.56)μg/L、(798.02±50.79)pg/ml(P<0.05)。不同年龄、性别患者ECM1、MMP-9、VEGF水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同血管侵犯、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、Edmondson分期和肿瘤直径患者ECM1、MMP-9、VEGF水平比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ECM1、MMP-9、VEGF三者相互作用可促进肝癌细胞的转移,可根据其水平情况,了解患者肝细胞、肝功能健康状况。

多西他赛联合PD-1抑制剂对晚期非小细胞肺癌预后及血清MMP-9、TIMP-1水平的影响

目的探讨多西他赛联合程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)抑制剂对晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)预后及血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)水平的影响。方法将90例晚期NSCLC患者随机分为研究组和对照组,每组45例。对照组给予多西他赛和顺铂治疗,研究组在对照组治疗基础上给予PD-1治疗,3周为1个治疗周期,共治疗6个周期。比较2组治疗后客观缓解率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、无进展生存期(PFS)、总生存期(OS),观察2组治疗期间不良反应发生情况及治疗前后血清MMP-9、TIMP-1水平的变化。结果研究组治疗后DCR、PFS、OS显著高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗期间2组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组治疗后血清MMP-9、TIMP-1水平较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),且研究组降低较对照组更为显著(P<0.05)。结论多西他赛联合PD-1抑制剂对晚期NSCLC具有较好的疗效和预后,能够降低血清MMP-9、TIMP-1水平,降低肺癌细胞侵袭转移的能力,安全性良好。

3D打印技术用于经鼻蝶窦入路垂体腺瘤切除术应用效果及对血清MMP-9和IGF-1水平的影响

目的:探究3D打印技术在经鼻蝶窦入路垂体腺瘤(PA)切除术的应用效果及对血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)水平的影响。方法:选取2020年5月至2022年5月秦皇岛市第一医院收治的84例PA患者,按照随机数表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组42例。对照组行经鼻蝶窦入路垂体腺瘤切除术,观察组行经鼻蝶窦入路垂体腺瘤切除术联合应用3D打印技术,比较两组肿瘤切除效果、围术期指标、视力改善情况、MMP-9和IGF-1水平,以及鼻腔功能的鼻气道阻力(NAR)、T&T嗅觉测试评分及并发症。结果:观察组肿瘤切除效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(U=2.286,P<0.05);观察组手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.780、11.438、11.842,P<0.05);术后3 d、7 d时观察组血清MMP-9和IGF-1水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(F=7.526、4.985,P<0.05);术后1个月、3个月时观察组NAR及T&T嗅觉测试评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(F=6.359、8.436,P<0.05);两组视力视野改善情况及并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:3D打印技术用于经鼻蝶窦入路垂体腺瘤切除术可提高肿瘤切除效果,优化手术操作,减少创伤,有利于减轻疼痛,改善嗅觉功能与视力视野,并能降低血清MMP-9、IGF-1水平,且安全性较高。

高分辨率磁共振参数联合血清MMP9、hs-CRP检测预测大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄病人发生急性卒中的价值

目的:分析高分辨率磁共振(HRMRI)参数检测联合血清MMP9、hs-CRP指标对大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄病人急性卒中发生的预测价值。方法:选取183例大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄病人,根据住院期间是否发生急性卒中将其分为急性卒中组89例和无急性卒中组94例。分析狭窄程度及血清MMP9、hs-CRP水平预测大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄病人急性卒中的价值。结果:急性卒中组易损斑块、狭窄程度、Essen卒中风险评分(ESRS)、血清MMP9、hs-CRP水平均高于无急性卒中组(P<0.05);狭窄程度及血清MMP9、hs-CRP水平预测大脑中动脉粥样硬化性狭窄病人发生急性卒中的AUC分别为0.886、0.857、0.634;三者联合预测的AUC为0.923。结论:血清MMP9、hs-CRP联合HRMRI参数检测可提高了评估急性卒中预测的准确性。

MMP-9与IGF-1在垂体腺瘤患者中的表达及其临床预测价值

目的探究MMP-9与IGF-1在垂体腺瘤患者中的表达及其临床预测价值。方法回顾性分析84例垂体腺瘤患者临床资料,分析不同病理垂体腺瘤患者的血清指标[基质金属蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinase 9,MMP-9)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(insulin-like growth factor 1,IGF-1)]水平差异。84例垂体腺瘤患者依据治疗后肿瘤直径大小和转移率分为缓解组(n=40)与未缓解组(n=44),采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析MMP-9、IGF-1对垂体腺瘤患者预后的评估效能。结果不同肿瘤直径的垂体腺瘤患者MMP-9、IGF-1水平比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);未发生淋巴结转移的患者MMP-9水平明显低于发生转移的患者,而IGF-1水平高于发生转移的患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);临床分期为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期的垂体腺瘤患者MMP-9水平明显低于Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者,而IGF-1水平高于Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。缓解组患者MMP-9低于同期未缓解组,IGF-1水平明显高于同期未缓解组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示血清中MMP-9与IGF-1的截断值分别为16.61 ng/L、229.06 ng/L,MMP-9预测ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.871(95%CI=0.778~0.935),敏感度75.61%,特异度92.50%,IGF-1预测ROC曲线AUC为0.851(95%CI=0.755~0.921),敏感度75.61%,特异度87.50%。结论血清中MMP-9,IGF-1水平与垂体腺瘤患者临床病理特征及预后情况密切相关,可通过早期检测结果进一步优化诊治措施。

Clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase9 (MMP-9) and its clinical significance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).METHODS: The expression of MMP-9 in 208 cases of ESCC was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and its clinical significance in ESCC especially the relationship with the clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.RESULTS: The percentage of positive cases for MMP-9detected by IHC was 49.0%. MMP-9 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of cancer cells especially in the invasive front. Only weak expression was detected in the stromal cells and no expression in non-cancerous mucosa. The expression of MMP-9 was positively correlated with poorer differentiation (P = 0.001＜0.01), existence of vessel permeation (P = 0.027＜0.05) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.027＜0.05).CONCLJSION: The expression of MMP-9 correlates with the cancer cell differentiation, vessel permeation and lymph node metastasis. It may be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of ESCC.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9-1562C>T polymorphism may increase the risk of lymphatic metastasis of colorectal cancer

AIM: To explore the role of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) polymorphism in colorectal cancer (CRC) in a northeast Chinese population. METHODS: Genotyping of MMP-9 -1562C>T and 279R>Q polymorphisms was carried out on blood samples from 137 colorectal cancer patients and 199 controls using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS: The distribution of MMP-9 -1562C>T and 279 R>Q genotype was not significantly associated with the risk of CRC. However, the risk of llymph node metastasis of CRC was increased in patients with the -1562T allele (OR = 2.601; 95% CI = 1.160-5.835; P = 0.022). The frequency of MMP-9 279RR + RQ genotype was higher than the QQ genotype among CRC patients younger than sixty years old (OR = 0.102; 95% CI = 0.013-0.812; P = 0.012). CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that the MMP-9-1562C>T polymorphism affects lymph node metastasis of CRC. In addition, the MMP-9 279R allele may lead to a younger age of onset of colorectal cancer.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9:A deleterious link between hepatic ischemia-reperfusion and colorectal cancer

Despite the advent of improved surgical techniques and the development of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents useful for the treatment of colorectal cancer,the primary clinical challenge remains that of preventing and combating metastatic spread.Surgical resection is the best treatment for colorectal metastases isolated to the liver.However,in rodent models,the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) applied during the surgery accelerates the outgrowth of implanted tumors.Among the adverse effects of I/R on cellular function,several studies have demonstrated an over expression of the matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in the ischemic liver.Since several studies showed high local levels of expression and activity of this proteolytic enzyme in the primary colorectal adenocarcinoma,the role of MMP-9 might be considered as a potential common mediator,favoring both growth of local tumor and the dissemination of colorectal carcinoma metastases.

Picroside Ⅱ down-regulates matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

Studies have shown that Picroside Ⅱ attenuates inflammatory reactions following brain ischemia through the inhibition of the TLR-4-NF-KB signal transduction pathway, and ameliorates cerebral edema through the reduction of aquaporin-4 expression. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）, located downstream of the TLR-4-NF-KB signal transduction pathway, can degrade the neurovascular matrix, damage the blood-brain barrier to induce cerebral edema, and directly result in neuronal apoptosis and brain injury, Therefore, the present study further observed MMP-9 expression in the brain tissues of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury following Picroside Ⅱ treatment. Results demonstrated that Picroside Ⅱ significantly reduced MMP-9 expression in ischemic brain tissues, as well as neuronal apoptosis and brain infarct volume, suggesting Picroside Ⅱ exhibits neuroprotection by down-regulating MMP-9 expression and inhibiting cell apoptosis.

Expression and significance of angiostatin, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in brain tissue of diabetic rats with ischemia reperfusion

Objective: To discuss the expression and significance of angiostatin, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the brain tissue of diabetic rats with ischemia reperfusion. Methods: A total of 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal group, sham group, diabetic cerebral infarction group and single cerebral infarction group according to the random number table, with 15 rats in each group. The high sucrose diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin were performed for the modeling of diabetic rats, while the thread-occlusion method was employed to build the model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion. The immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of angiostatin, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in the brain tissue. Results: The expression of angiostatin after the reperfusion in the brain tissue of rats in the single cerebral infarction group and diabetic cerebral infarction group was increased 6 h after the reperfusion, reached to the peak on 1 d and then decreased gradually. The expression of angiostatin in the diabetic cerebral infarction group 6 h, 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after the reperfusion was significantly higher than that in the single cerebral infarction group(P<0.05). VEGF began to be increased 1 h after the reperfusion in the single cerebral infarction group and diabetic cerebral infarction group, reached to the peak at 6 h and then decreased gradually. The expression of VEGF in the diabetic cerebral infarction group at each time point after the reperfusion was significantly lower than that in the single cerebral infarction group(P<0.05). MMP-9 began to be be increased 1 h after the reperfusion in the single cerebral infarction group and diabetic cerebral infarction group, reached to the peak on 1 d and then decreased gradually. The expression of MMP-9 in the diabetic cerebral infarction group at each time point after the reperfusion was significantly higher than that in the single cerebral infarction group(P<0.05). Conclusions: The high glucose environment in which the diabetic cerebral infarction is occurred is to induce the formation of MMP-9 at first and then activate and increase the expression of angiostatin. Afterwards, the expression of VEGF is inhibited, resulting in the poor angiogenesis after cerebral infarction, which thus makes the injury of brain tissue after cerebral infarction even worse than the non-diabetes mellitus.

The relationship between matrix metalloproteinases-9 and CD15s antigen in angiogenesis of gastric carcinoma

调查在矩阵 metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9 ) 和 sialyl 之间的关系的目的在胃的癌的侵略和转移的路易斯十世(CD15s ) 抗原。在胃的癌的 47 种情况中的 CD105， MMP-9 和 CD15s 的方法表示经历的激进的外科被 SP 免疫评估用各自的单音的同种细胞的抗体的组织化学的染色。与 CD105 标记的微容器密度(MVD ) 被检测。在 MVD 和 MMP-9 之间的关联， CD15s 统计上也被分析。结果在 MMP-9 和 CD15s 的 MVD 积极表示组独自在 MMP-9 或 CD15s 积极表示比那显著地更高级组，和它在 MMP-9 和 CD15s 否定表示组也是比那显著地高级的。结论 MMP-9 是侵略的一个标记， CD15s 是在胃的癌的转移的一个标记。MMP-9 和 CD15s 的联合察觉为诊断有某些临床的意义，处理并且为胃的 caner 估计预后。

Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 associated with gastric ulcer recurrence

AIM: To compare matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in gastric ulcer (GU) and chronic superficial gastritis (CSG). METHODS: This study enrolled 63 patients with GU and 25 patients with CSG. During upper gastroduodenal endoscopy, we took samples of gastric mucosa from the antrum and ulcer site from patients with GU, and samples of antral mucosa from patients with CSG. Mucosal biopsy tissues were cultured for 24 h, and the culture supernatant was measured for levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1. After receiving eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) and 8 wk proton-pump inhibitor therapy for GU, follow-up endoscopy examination was performed after 6 mo and whenever severe symptoms occurred. RESULTS: Levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 at the ulcer site or in the antrum were significantly higher in GU than CSG patients. MMP-9 levels at the ulcer site were significantly higher than in the antrum in GU patients, and had a significantly positive correlation with TIMP-1. MMP-9 levels were significantly higher in H. pylori -positive than H. pylori -negative GU and CSG patients. Levels of MMP-9 or TIMP-1 at the ulcer site were associated with the histological severity of activity and inflammation. About 57 GU patients were followed up, and seven had GU recurrence. H. pyloriinfection and MMP-9 levels were risk factors for the recurrence of GU adjusted for age and sex by multiple logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: MMP-9 may perform an important function in gastric ulcer formation and recurrence.

Attenuation of dextran sodium sulphate induced colitis in matrix metalloproteinase-9 deficient mice

AIM: To study whether matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a key factor in epithelial damage in the dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) model of colitis in mice.METHODS: MMP-9-deficient and wild-type (wt) mice were given 5% DSS in drinking water for 5 d followed by recovery up to 7 d. On d 5 and 12 after induction of colitis, gelatinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, were measured in homogenates of colonic tissue by zymography and Western blot, whereas tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) were measured by reverse zymography. The gelatinolytic activity was also determined in supernatants of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) isolated from mice blood. Moreover, intestinal epithelial cells were stimulated with TNF-α to study whether these cells were able to produce MMPs. Finally, colonic mucosal lesions were measured by microscopic examination. RESULTS: On d 5 of colitis, the activity of MMP-9 was increased in homogenates of colonic tissues (0.24 ± 0.1 vs 21.3 ± 6.4, P < 0.05) and PMN from peripheral blood in wt (0.5 ± 0.1 vs 10.4 ± 0.7, P < 0.05), but not in MMP-9-deficient animals. The MMP-9 activity was also up-regulated by TNF-α in epithelial intestinal cells (2.5 ± 0.5 vs 14.7 ± 3.0, P < 0.05). Although colitis also led to increase of TIMP-1 activity, the MMP-9/TIMP-1 balance remained elevated. Finally, in the MMP-9-deficient colitic mice both the extent and severity of intestinal epithelialinjury were significantly attenuated when compared with wt mice. CONCLUSION: We conclude that DSS induced colitis is markedly attenuated in animals lacking MMP-9. This suggests that intestinal injury induced by DSS is modu-lated by MMP-9 and that inhibition of this gelatinase may reduce inflammation.

Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and association with Epstein-Barr virus infection

Objective: To evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the association between MMP9 and Epstein-Barr virus infection. Methods: The MMP9 expression was studied by immunohistochemical analysis; and Epstein-Barr virus encoded small nuclear mRNA-1 (EBER-1) produced by in situ hybridization were examined in 41 nasopharyngeal carcinoma sections, and the relation between them, and the associations of MMP9 with clinical features were statistically analyzed. Results: Positive expression rate of MMP9 was 73.17%. The expression of MMP9 showed significant positive correlation with the expression of EBER-1(γ=0.483, P=0.001 ). There was significant association of MMP9 expression with lymph nodes metastasis and clinical stage (P<0.001), non-significant association with age, gender, pathological classification and T classification. Conclusions: The highly pronounced expression of MMP9 is associated with cervical lymph nodes metastasis. Epstein-Barr virus can enhance NPC metastasis by up-regulating the expression of MMP9.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression in early focal cerebral infarction following urokinase thrombolysis in rats

Activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 increases following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, and is associated with cerebral microvascular permeability, blood-brain barrier destruction, inflammatory cell infiltration and brain edema. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 also likely participates in thrombolysis. A rat model of middle cerebral artery infarction was established by injecting autologous blood clots into the internal carotid artery. At 3 hours following model induction, urokinase was injected into the caudal vein. Decreased neurological severity score, reduced infarct volume, and increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were observed in the cerebral cortex 24 hours after urokinase thrombolysis. These results suggest that urokinase can suppress damage in the acute-early stage of cerebral infarction.

Huoxue Rongluo Tablet reduces matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in infarcted brain tissue

Huoxue Rongluo Tablet was made of tall gastrodis tuber, dahurian angelica root, honeysuckle stem, grassleaf sweetflag rhizome, common flowering quince fruit, figwort root, red peony root and peach seed at a ratio of 3：2：6：2：3：3：3：3. Huoxue Rongluo Tablet is a well-established and common pre- scription for the treatment of cerebral infarction. In this study, a rat model of cerebral ischemia was established and the animals were intragastrically administered Huoxue Rongluo Tablet. This treat- ment reduced infarct volume, decreased matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression, and improved neurological function. Moreover, the effects of Huoxue Rongluo Tablet were better than those of buflomedil pyridoxal phosphate. These results indicate that Huoxue Rongluo Tablet is effective in treating cerebral infarction by regulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein expression.

High matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression induces angiogenesis and basement membrane degradation in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats after cerebral infarction

Basement membrane degradation and blood-brain barrier damage appear after cerebral infarc- tion, severely impacting neuronal and brain functioning; however, the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we induced cerebral infarction in stroke- prone spontaneously hypertensive rats by intragastric administration of high-sodium water （1.3% NaC1） for 7 consecutive weeks. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence assays demonstrated that, compared with the non-infarcted contralateral hemisphere, stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats on normal sodium intake and Wistar-Kyoto rats, matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression, the number of blood vessels with discontinuous collagen IV expression and microvessel density were significantly higher, and the number of continuous collagen IV-positive blood vessels was lower in the infarct border zones of stroke-prone sponta- neously hypertensive rats given high-sodium water. Linear correlation analysis showed matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression was positively correlated with the number of discontinuously collagen IV-labeled blood vessels and microvessel density in cerebral infarcts of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. These results suggest that matrix metalloproteinase-9 upregula- tion is associated with increased regional angiogenesis and degradation of collagen IV, the major component of the basal lamina, in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats with high-sodi- um water-induced focal cerebral infarction.

Expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in cervical carcinoma and their clinical significance

Objective: To investigate the expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in cervical carcinoma and their clinical significance. Methods: Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detect the expres- sions of COX-2 and MMP-9 in 72 cases of invasive carcinoma of cervix (ICC) and 16 cases of normal cervical epithelium remote from tumor (NCE). The relationships between the expressions of COX-2, MMP-9 in ICC and some characteristics relating to clinical pathology of cervical carcinoma such as histological grading, lymph node metastasis, stromal invasion and FIGO stage were analyzed statistically. Results: The rates of the positive expressions of COX-2 and MMP-9 in ICC were significantly higher than those in NCE. COX-2: 88.9% (64/72) in group ICC and 12.5% (2/16) in group NCE, P = 0.000; MMP-9: 94.4% (68/72) in group ICC and 43.8% (7/16) in group NCE, P = 0.000. The expression of COX-2 was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (r = 0.296, P = 0.012) and stromal invasion (r = 0.257, P = 0.029). The expression of MMP-9 was positively correlated with FIGO stage (r = 0.329, P = 0.005) and histological grading (r = 0.351, P = 0.003). The expression of COX-2 was positively correlated with the expression of MMP-9 in ICC (r = 0.297, P = 0.011). Conclusion: The overexpressions of COX-2 and MMP-9 were closely related to the invasion and growth of cervical carcinoma. The tissue with the overexpression of COX-2 had strong invasion ability. COX-2 and MMP-9 had synergistic effect on proliferation, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Detecting the coexpression of COX-2 and MMP-9 may be of value in further understanding the biological behavior and predicting the prognosis of cervical carcinoma.