Driven by market requirements, software services organizations have adopted various software engineering process models （such as capability maturity model （CMM）, capability maturity model integration （CMMI）, ISO ...Driven by market requirements, software services organizations have adopted various software engineering process models （such as capability maturity model （CMM）, capability maturity model integration （CMMI）, ISO 9001：2000, etc.） and practice of the project management concepts defined in the project management body of knowledge. While this has definitely helped organizations to bring some methods into the software development madness, there always exists a demand for comparing various groups within the organization in terms of the practice of these defined process models. Even though there exist many metrics for comparison, considering the variety of projects in terms of technology, life cycle, etc., finding a single metric that caters to this is a difficult task. This paper proposes a model for arriving at a rating on group maturity within the organization. Considering the linguistic or imprecise and uncertain nature of software measurements, fuzzy logic approach is used for the proposed model. Without the barriers like technology or life cycle difference, the proposed model helps the organization to compare different groups within it with reasonable precision.展开更多
Fetal bovine serum(FBS) is widely used in cell cultures due to its high stability and easy access. It was also used as a substitute for porcine follicular fluid(PFF) in previous studies. However, FBS components are un...Fetal bovine serum(FBS) is widely used in cell cultures due to its high stability and easy access. It was also used as a substitute for porcine follicular fluid(PFF) in previous studies. However, FBS components are unclear, and the presence of FBS in culture media may introduce a variation from batch to batch. This study aimed to establish an effective method to screen FBS in place of PFF in the culture media for porcine oocytes in vitro. We screened FBS from different sources by using porcine fetal fibroblast cells. The effects of six FBS samples on porcine fetal fibroblast cell growth were tested via frozen cell survival assay, cell clone formation assay, cell growth curve, and cell passage activity assay. The best serum that we called GFBS(heat-inactivated FBS, cat. no. 10500-64;Gibco) showed a similar effect on the maturation and development of porcine oocytes to that of PFF and can be used as a good substitute for PFF. These results suggested that the porcine fetal fibroblast cell culture test can be used as a valuable method to screen FBS for porcine oocyte maturation and embryonic development in vitro.展开更多
文摘Driven by market requirements, software services organizations have adopted various software engineering process models （such as capability maturity model （CMM）, capability maturity model integration （CMMI）, ISO 9001：2000, etc.） and practice of the project management concepts defined in the project management body of knowledge. While this has definitely helped organizations to bring some methods into the software development madness, there always exists a demand for comparing various groups within the organization in terms of the practice of these defined process models. Even though there exist many metrics for comparison, considering the variety of projects in terms of technology, life cycle, etc., finding a single metric that caters to this is a difficult task. This paper proposes a model for arriving at a rating on group maturity within the organization. Considering the linguistic or imprecise and uncertain nature of software measurements, fuzzy logic approach is used for the proposed model. Without the barriers like technology or life cycle difference, the proposed model helps the organization to compare different groups within it with reasonable precision.
基金Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Grant,Grant/Award Number:cstc2019jscx-msxm X0394Chongqing Special Fund for Performance Incentive Guide,Grant/Award Number:cqjxjl201709+1 种基金Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System,Grant/Award Number:CARS-36Chongqing Agriculture Development Grant,Grant/Award Number:17406
文摘Fetal bovine serum(FBS) is widely used in cell cultures due to its high stability and easy access. It was also used as a substitute for porcine follicular fluid(PFF) in previous studies. However, FBS components are unclear, and the presence of FBS in culture media may introduce a variation from batch to batch. This study aimed to establish an effective method to screen FBS in place of PFF in the culture media for porcine oocytes in vitro. We screened FBS from different sources by using porcine fetal fibroblast cells. The effects of six FBS samples on porcine fetal fibroblast cell growth were tested via frozen cell survival assay, cell clone formation assay, cell growth curve, and cell passage activity assay. The best serum that we called GFBS(heat-inactivated FBS, cat. no. 10500-64;Gibco) showed a similar effect on the maturation and development of porcine oocytes to that of PFF and can be used as a good substitute for PFF. These results suggested that the porcine fetal fibroblast cell culture test can be used as a valuable method to screen FBS for porcine oocyte maturation and embryonic development in vitro.
