Meaning in Life and Mental Health Issues in Older Adults:A Meta-Analysis

This study aims to be the first to use meta-analysis to explore the relationship between meaning in life(MIL)and mental health issues among older adults.A meta-analysis was conducted using six databases,resulting in 16 studies with 5,074 participants in total.The“metacor”and“forestplot”packages in R-Studio were used for data analysis.The total effect was calculated using a random-effects model,with I2=86%in the heterogeneity test.The results showed a moderate negative correlation between MIL and mental health issues among older adults,with an average effect of−0.37.Five potential moderating variables were examined:the conceptualization of MIL(value vs.purpose),region(Asian vs.Western countries),residence status(community vs.nursing home vs.hospital),types of mental health issues,and evaluation methods(clinical vs.non-clinical).The first four had no significant moderating effect.The mean correlation coefficients between mental health issues and value/purpose were−0.49/−0.33;the mean correlation coefficients in Asian countries and Western countries were−0.48 and−0.34;the mean correlation coefficients among participants living in community/nursing home/mixed status were−0.33/−0.40/−0.40;the mean correlation coefficients between MIL and depression/others were−0.37/−0.35;however,the negative relationship between MIL and mental health issues was stronger when non-clinical evaluations(self-report only)were used.Specifically,the mean correlation coefficient for non-clinical evaluations was−0.42 and for clinical evaluations was−0.29.This study is the first meta-analysis to identify the negative correlation between older adults’MIL and mental health issues.Significant moderating effects of evaluation methods were found.

Mindfulness Associates Life Satisfaction:The Mediating Role of Internal Control and the Presence of Meaning in Life

This study explored the internal mechanism of the effect of mindfulness on life satisfaction from the perspective of logotherapy theory and achievement attribution theory.We recruited 1021 college students using a combination of random sampling and cluster sampling.They completed the relevant questionnaire.The results showed that,from the perspective of logotherapy theory,wefind that the presence of meaning in life is an important intermediary between mindfulness and life satisfaction.From the perspective of achievement attribution theory,we found that internal control was an important intermediary between mindfulness and life satisfaction.In addition,we also found the chain mediating path that mindfulness positively predicted life satisfaction by influencing internal control and then influencing the presence of meaning in life.This study proves for thefirst time that the theory of logotherapy and achievement attribution explain the internal mechanism of the relation of mindfulness on life satisfaction.This study provides an important reference for how to effectively improve life satisfaction from the perspective of mindfulness.

Depression by the Theory of Breathing and Finding Meaning of Life

This study aimed to examine the relationship of finding meaning to life with the level of depression and investigates the effect of using breathing theory in treating or reducing depression in a sample of individuals suffering from depression in the Kuwait Mental Health Center. In order to achieve these objectives, the researcher used the descriptive and analytical approach through an applied questionnaire on the study sample which consist of (380) individuals and the quasi-experimental approach by dividing the study sample individuals into two groups;control group consisted of (190) individuals and experimental group consist of (190) individuals. Also, the researcher developed meaning of life scale and breathing strategy, also used beck depression inventory scale. The study found a set of results, there is a negative relationship between finding meaning in life and depression and there are statistically significant differences between the members of the two groups due to the use of the breathing strategy, in favor of the experimental group. In the light of this result, the study came out with a set of recommendations, the most important of which are holding training and educational courses for depressed patients on ways and methods of finding meaning in life, as these courses have the benefit in reducing the level of depression among patients.

The Ethics and the Meaning of Life among College Students

The concern of the ethics and the meaning of life in young adults became universal and are present in all contexts of human life. Such universality is due to the development of modern rationality, to establish a relationship between the intrinsic theoretical dimensions (scientific) and practical dimensions (ethical), originated that are present in the own array of knowledge. This descriptive cross-sectional study, aims to identify the values of the ethical dimension and meaning of life defended by the college students of the Universities of Madeira, Portugal and Fortaleza, Brazil. The sample consists of 605 University students (Madeira = 225 and Fortaleza = 380), with an average age of 21 years and a standard deviation of 2. We used the questionnaire on values (adapted from the European Values Survey). Most of the young people referred to have a religion (60% wood and 78.4% stronghold), being the most Catholic, however, present in your frequency disinterest and, yet, in Brazil there is a greater diversity of religions. Supporting the intervention of religious institutions in situations of everyday life is accepted mostly by Brazilians, with the exception of politics (35.5%). On the other hand, the university students of the University of Madeira understand that Religious Institutions should only give their opinion on racial discrimination (76.6%). Believe in God (90.8% and 55.1% Stronghold) and Soul (80.3% and 66.4% Stronghold) are beliefs more referred to by college students. These results are intended to contribute in the field of research on ethical values and meaning of life in young people. This study contributes to future comparative research among university students and to developing strategic programs in education and health, increasing the success and excellence in the formation of a full citizenship, preventing the fanaticisms and the social discrimination that today devastate the collective globally.

Impact of minimalism on consumers’ low-carbon innovation behavior: Interactive role of quantitative behavior

Minimalism has become a new consumer trend that can guide low-carbon innovation behaviors.This study uses two experiments and one survey to explore the mechanisms underlying the relationships among minimalism,quantitative behavior,and low-carbon innovation behavior.The results show that(1)minimalism can positively influence consumers’low-carbon innovation behavior;(2)the interactive effect of minimalist and quantitative behavior on low-carbon innovation behavior is significant;and(3)meaning in life can play a significant mediating role in the relationship between minimalism and low-carbon innovation behavior.Finally,corresponding strategies for theory and management practices are proposed.

Time is Not Money!——It Is a Providence of Opportunities

The essay discusses the interrelations between Time and Money and the right ways for managing them.Additionally it discusses other aspects of life and time,such as:definition of time,smart use of time,use of time as distincting between men and animals,time,age and responsibility,time and the“meaning of life”,quality and quantity of lifetime,social aspects of time and science,technology and time.The author clearly expresses his opinion,that Time is a neutral abstract entity,exists in free democratic regimes and in less-liberatated autocracies.It is the explicit responsibility of every man and woman,anywhere,and everywhere,to prepare and train themselves for a smart use of the time awarded to them.On the other hand,Time is available for everyone and everything.The busy diligent hard-working person always seeks more challenging missions,while the less-energetic idle person,is always busy and tire of doing nothing.The author also claims that Time is an opportunity.It is available and inviting every active person,a thinker,a doer,and an entrepreneur to use and have it to achieve their goals.The author advises:Do not complain I have no time-dare to make the first step and“the other will come,tumbling after”.Active individuals have time for every challenging initiative;passive ones have no time for anything.

The Role of Flow in Crisis Intervention and Emotional Counseling in Tree-Hole Rescue

Flow is the experience of working full time and enjoying the flow of your life,regardless of the rewards,like a flowing stream of water.Based on the literature review,this paper discusses the role of flow in the actual rescue work,combined with the actual work of the rescue mission in the tree hole baby crisis intervention and emotional counseling and accompanying.The effect of flow intervention is positive.It can reduce the rumination of young tree hole babies and increase and enhance their sense of life meaning and subjective well-being.Since the term“Flow”is rarely used in the process of intervention,this paper also looks forward to the further application of flow intervention.

Pearls of Wisdom: Israeli Elderly Reflect on Their Lives, and Make Suggestions for Future Generations

Reminiscing by older adults can facilitate beneficial outcomes through the preparation for the end of life,the cohesiveness of life narratives,and creation of life meanings.Given this,and the historical challenges of communication between generations,the objective of this study was two-fold:(1)to harness the beneficial role reminiscence can play in the mental health of older adults;(2)to facilitate generational learning by documenting and thematically analyzing the experiences and knowledge of older adults.We hypothesized that our interviews,which had the stated goal of helping younger people navigate life challenges,would not only act as catalyst for the participants to reminisce but also create a corpus of knowledge which could be later distilled into accessible“pearls of wisdom”.The interviews were conducted in Israel with 102 participants who were between 60 and 93 years of age with six questions constructed to promote further commentary.Through the interviews we were successful in producing a large representation of the older adults’experiences and what they believed would be beneficial for the younger generation.Due to the potential benefits for participants and larger communities we recommend this approach be adopted for future studies.

The Equality–Inequality Dialectics

The assay argues that the Equality-Inequality dialectics is a very complex issue,which reflects many social dilemmas.On one side are the state official commitments to secure,maintain and protect all kinds of formal equalities.On the other side are the natural and genetic distinctions that differ between human-beings while creating and maintaining inequality.In fact,this is kind of a contradiction exists in many fields of social sciences.The essay’s author reviews some of the relevant historical events,such as social mobility,individualism and education and points out on future solutions.Among the proposed suggestions are:1)Embracing Frankl’s giving“Meaning to Life”as a leverage for increasing pleasure of life;2)Recognizing and promoting Creative Individualism as the legitimized ground for inequality;3)Increasing Social Cohesion,required for social empowerment and attaining security and happiness.

Stakeholders vs.Stockowners-The Dilemma of Future

While portraying the lines of the foreseen new world-order,the author agrees to be what G.B.Shaw called the“unreasonable man”who tries to bring progress to the world.This work reviews some of the Capitalism’s main ideas and claims that many of them are irrelevant at present.It follows people’s change of mind as they wish to see Satisfaction,Pleasure,and Happiness becoming the leading elements in the search for meaning of life.As a result,the author poses some of future dilemmas:Who should gain from future activities,the traditional capital owners,or,maybe,the growing number of individuals who contribute competence,energy,and devotion to the new type of advanced high-tech industries?For resolving this dilemma,the essay claims that in the future meaning of life will rest more on talents feelings and emotions rather than on money or wealth.This fact must seriously be considered by the decision makers.For promoting its idea,the essay provides some concrete guidelines for establishing an advanced framework for the coming years.The author also believes that by increasing the stakeholder’s share in the firm’s revenues,the nation’s economy and society at all,will grow and prosper.