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Variable Importance Measure System Based on Advanced Random Forest
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作者 Shufang Song Ruyang He +1 位作者 Zhaoyin Shi Weiya Zhang 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2021年第7期65-85,共21页
The variable importance measure(VIM)can be implemented to rank or select important variables,which can effectively reduce the variable dimension and shorten the computational time.Random forest(RF)is an ensemble learn... The variable importance measure(VIM)can be implemented to rank or select important variables,which can effectively reduce the variable dimension and shorten the computational time.Random forest(RF)is an ensemble learning method by constructing multiple decision trees.In order to improve the prediction accuracy of random forest,advanced random forest is presented by using Kriging models as the models of leaf nodes in all the decision trees.Referring to the Mean Decrease Accuracy(MDA)index based on Out-of-Bag(OOB)data,the single variable,group variables and correlated variables importance measures are proposed to establish a complete VIM system on the basis of advanced random forest.The link of MDA and variance-based sensitivity total index is explored,and then the corresponding relationship of proposed VIM indices and variance-based global sensitivity indices are constructed,which gives a novel way to solve variance-based global sensitivity.Finally,several numerical and engineering examples are given to verify the effectiveness of proposed VIM system and the validity of the established relationship. 展开更多
关键词 Variable importance measure random forest variance-based global sensitivity Kriging model
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A Measure System of Zero Moment Point Using Wearable Inertial Sensors
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作者 Xianggang Zhang Hao Wang +3 位作者 Yuliang Shi Changjun Fu Huiqin Wang Guoyu Wang 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第5期16-27,共12页
Keeping balance is the premise of human walking. ZMP(zero moment point) is a point where total torque achieves balance. It is an important evaluation parameter of balance ability in walking, since it can be used to be... Keeping balance is the premise of human walking. ZMP(zero moment point) is a point where total torque achieves balance. It is an important evaluation parameter of balance ability in walking, since it can be used to better reflect the dynamic balance during walking. ZMP can be used in many applications, such as medical rehabilitation, disease diagnosis, treatment and etc. In this paper, wearable inertial sensors system based on MEMS is used to measure ZMP(zero moment point) during walking, which is cheap, convenient, and free from the restriction of lab. Our wearable ZMP measurement system consists of inertial measurement subsystem and PC real-time monitoring station. Inertial measurement subsystem includes 9-axis inertial sensing nodes, the body communication network and the central node. Inertial sensing nodes are mounted on different parts of the body to collect body posture information in real-time, and then the best estimation of current posture are obtained by Kalman filter. The data from sensors is aggregated to the central node through the CAN bus, and then ZMP is calculated. Finally, it can be showed in the PC monitoring station. Experiments prove the system can achieve real-time ZMP detection during walking. 展开更多
关键词 zero moment point body balance inertial measurement quaternion Kalman filter
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Whole petroleum system in Jurassic coal measures of Taibei Sag in Tuha Basin,NW China
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作者 ZHI Dongming LI Jianzhong +6 位作者 YANG Fan CHEN Xuan WU Chao WANG Bo ZHANG Hua HU Jun JIN Jikun 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 SCIE 2024年第3期519-534,共16页
Based on the latest results of near-source exploration in the Middle and Lower Jurassic of the Tuha Basin,a new understanding of the source rocks,reservoir conditions,and source-reservoir-cap rock combinations of the ... Based on the latest results of near-source exploration in the Middle and Lower Jurassic of the Tuha Basin,a new understanding of the source rocks,reservoir conditions,and source-reservoir-cap rock combinations of the Jurassic Shuixigou Group in the Taibei Sag is established using the concept of the whole petroleum system,and the coal-measure whole petroleum system is analyzed thoroughly.The results are obtained in three aspects.First,the coal-measure source rocks of the Badaowan Formation and Xishanyao Formation and the argillaceous source rocks of the Sangonghe Formation in the Shuixigou Group exhibit the characteristics of long-term hydrocarbon generation,multiple hydrocarbon generation peaks,and simultaneous oil and gas generation,providing sufficient oil and gas sources for the whole petroleum system in the Jurassic coal-bearing basin.Second,multi-phase shallow braided river delta–shallow lacustrine deposits contribute multiple types of reservoirs,e.g.sandstone,tight sandstone,shale and coal rock,in slope and depression areas,providing effective storage space for the petroleum reservoir formation in coal-measure strata.Third,three phases of hydrocarbon charging and structural evolution,as well as effective configuration of multiple types of reservoirs,result in the sequential accumulation of conventional-unconventional hydrocarbons.From high structural positions to depression,there are conventional structural and structural-lithological reservoirs far from the source,low-saturation structural-lithological reservoirs near the source,and tight sandstone gas,coal rock gas and shale oil accumulations within the source.Typically,the tight sandstone gas and coal rock gas are the key options for further exploration,and the shale oil and gas in the depression area is worth of more attention.The new understanding of the whole petroleum system in the coal measures could further enrich and improve the geological theory of the whole petroleum system,and provide new ideas for the overall exploration of oil and gas resources in the Tuha Basin. 展开更多
关键词 Tuha Basin Taibei Sag Middle and Lower Jurassic whole petroleum system coal measure tight oil and gas coal rock gas shale oil
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Research progress on micro-force measurement of a hydrate particle system
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作者 Qiang Luo Wei Li +3 位作者 Zhi-Hui Liu Feng Wang Zhi-Chao Liu Fu-Long Ning 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期2169-2183,共15页
It remains a great challenge to understand the hydrates involved in phenomena in practical oil and gas systems.The adhesion forces between hydrate particles,between hydrate particles and pipe walls,and between hydrate... It remains a great challenge to understand the hydrates involved in phenomena in practical oil and gas systems.The adhesion forces between hydrate particles,between hydrate particles and pipe walls,and between hydrate particles and reservoir particles are essential factors that control the behaviors of clathrate hydrates in different applications.In this review,we summarize the typical micro-force measurement apparatus and methods utilized to study hydrate particle systems.In addition,the adhesion test results,the related understandings,and the applied numerical calculation models are systematically discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Clathrate hydrates Hydrate particle Micro-force measurements ADHESION INTERACTIONS
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Design of weak current measurement system and research on temperature impact
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作者 Chu-Xiang Zhao San-Gang Li +8 位作者 Rong-Rong Su Li Yang Ming-Zhe Liu Qing-Yue Xue Shan Liao Zhi Zhou Qing-Shan Tan Xian-Guo Tuo Yi Cheng 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期46-56,共11页
A dedicated weak current measurement system was designed to measure the weak currents generated by the neutron ionization chamber.This system incorporates a second-order low-pass filter circuit and the Kalman filterin... A dedicated weak current measurement system was designed to measure the weak currents generated by the neutron ionization chamber.This system incorporates a second-order low-pass filter circuit and the Kalman filtering algorithm to effectively filter out noise and minimize interference in the measurement results.Testing conducted under normal temperature conditions has demonstrated the system's high precision performance.However,it was observed that temperature variations can affect the measurement performance.Data were collected across temperatures ranging from -20 to 70℃,and a temperature correction model was established through linear regression fitting to address this issue.The feasibility of the temperature correction model was confirmed at temperatures of -5 and 40℃,where relative errors remained below 0.1% after applying the temperature correction.The research indicates that the designed measurement system exhibits excellent temperature adaptability and high precision,making it particularly suitable for measuring weak currents. 展开更多
关键词 Weak current measurement system Neutron ionization chamber Kalman filter algorithm Temperature correction model
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Design and application of thickness measurement calibration system based on laser displacement sensor
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作者 SUN Jin YU Zijin 《Baosteel Technical Research》 CAS 2024年第2期39-46,共8页
This study aims to improve the accuracy and safety of steel plate thickness calibration.A differential noncontact thickness measurement calibration system based on laser displacement sensors was designed to address th... This study aims to improve the accuracy and safety of steel plate thickness calibration.A differential noncontact thickness measurement calibration system based on laser displacement sensors was designed to address the problems of low precision of traditional contact thickness gauges and radiation risks of radiation-based thickness gauges.First,the measurement method and measurement structure of the thickness calibration system were introduced.Then,the hardware circuit of the thickness system was established based on the STM32 core chip.Finally,the system software was designed to implement system control to filter algorithms and human-computer interaction.Experiments have proven the excellent performance of the differential noncontact thickness measurement calibration system based on laser displacement sensors,which not only considerably improves measurement accuracy but also effectively reduces safety risks during the measurement process.The system offers guiding significance and application value in the field of steel plate production and processing. 展开更多
关键词 steel plate thickness high precision measurement noncontact thickness measurement laser displace-ment sensor
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Multi-View Structured Light 3D Measurement System
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作者 LU Ping ZHANG Yingjie +2 位作者 DENG Fangwei LIU Wei HUANG Shijun 《ZTE Communications》 2024年第4期53-58,共6页
Vision-based measurement technology benefits high-quality manufacturers through improved dimensional precision,enhanced geo-metric tolerance,and increased product yield.The monocular 3D structured light visual sensing... Vision-based measurement technology benefits high-quality manufacturers through improved dimensional precision,enhanced geo-metric tolerance,and increased product yield.The monocular 3D structured light visual sensing method is popular for detecting online parts since it can reach micron-meter depth accuracy.However,the line-of-sight requirement of a single viewpoint vision system often fails when hiding occurs due to the object’s surface structure,such as edges,slopes,and holes.To address this issue,a multi-view 3D structured light vi-sion system is proposed in this paper to achieve high accuracy,i.e.,Z-direction repeatability,and reduce hiding probability during mechani-cal dimension measurement.The main contribution of this paper includes the use of industrial cameras with high resolution and high frame rates to achieve high-precision 3D reconstruction.Moreover,a multi-wavelength(heterodyne)phase expansion method is employed for high-precision phase calculation.By leveraging multiple industrial cameras,the system overcomes field of view occlusions,thereby broadening the 3D reconstruction field of view.Finally,the system achieves a Z-axis repetition accuracy of 0.48µm. 展开更多
关键词 3D measurement structured light MULTI-VIEW
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Application of Quantum Sensing Technology in Power System Measurements
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作者 Tingyu Zhang 《Journal of Power and Energy Engineering》 2024年第11期48-58,共11页
The accuracy of power system measurements directly affects the safe and stable operation of power grids. This study explores the application prospects of quantum sensing technology in power system measurements. The re... The accuracy of power system measurements directly affects the safe and stable operation of power grids. This study explores the application prospects of quantum sensing technology in power system measurements. The research first analyzes the limitations of traditional measurement techniques, such as electromagnetic interference sensitivity and measurement accuracy bottlenecks. It then introduces the basic principles of quantum sensing, including concepts like quantum entanglement and superposition states. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, the study assesses the potential advantages of quantum sensors in current, voltage, and magnetic field measurements. Results show that quantum magnetometers offer significant improvements in accuracy and interference resistance for current measurements. The study also discusses the application of quantum optical technology in high-voltage measurements, demonstrating its unique advantages in improving measurement dynamic range. However, quantum sensing technology still faces challenges in practical applications, such as technological maturity and cost. To address these issues, the research proposes a phased implementation strategy and industry-academia collaboration model. Finally, the study envisions future directions combining quantum sensing with artificial intelligence. This research provides a theoretical foundation for innovative upgrades in power system measurement technology. 展开更多
关键词 Quantum Sensing Power system measurements Quantum Magnetometer High-Voltage measurement Accuracy Enhancement
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A Synergistic Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Method for Educational Institutions Evaluation Using Similarity Measures of Possibility Pythagorean Fuzzy Hypersoft Sets
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作者 Khuram Ali Khan Saba Mubeen Ishfaq +1 位作者 Atiqe Ur Rahman Salwa El-Morsy 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2025年第1期501-530,共30页
Due to the numerous variables to take into account as well as the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty,evaluating educational institutions can be difficult.The concept of a possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set(pP... Due to the numerous variables to take into account as well as the inherent ambiguity and uncertainty,evaluating educational institutions can be difficult.The concept of a possibility Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set(pPyFHSS)is more flexible in this regard than other theoretical fuzzy set-like models,even though some attempts have been made in the literature to address such uncertainties.This study investigates the elementary notions of pPyFHSS including its set-theoretic operations union,intersection,complement,OR-and AND-operations.Some results related to these operations are also modified for pPyFHSS.Additionally,the similarity measures between pPyFHSSs are formulated with the assistance of numerical examples and results.Lastly,an intelligent decision-assisted mechanism is developed with the proposal of a robust algorithm based on similarity measures for solving multi-attribute decision-making(MADM)problems.A case study that helps the decision-makers assess the best educational institution is discussed to validate the suggested system.The algorithmic results are compared with the most pertinent model to evaluate the adaptability of pPyFHSS,as it generalizes the classical possibility fuzzy set-like theoretical models.Similarly,while considering significant evaluating factors,the flexibility of pPyFHSS is observed through structural comparison. 展开更多
关键词 Hypersoft set Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft set computational complexity multi-attribute decision-making optimization similarity measures uncertainty
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Correlation between the rock mass properties and maximum horizontal stress:A case study of overcoring stress measurements
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作者 Peng Li Meifeng Cai +2 位作者 Shengjun Miao Yuan Li Yu Wang 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS 2025年第1期39-48,共10页
Understanding the mechanical properties of the lithologies is crucial to accurately determine the horizontal stress magnitude.To investigate the correlation between the rock mass properties and maximum horizontal stre... Understanding the mechanical properties of the lithologies is crucial to accurately determine the horizontal stress magnitude.To investigate the correlation between the rock mass properties and maximum horizontal stress,the three-dimensional(3D)stress tensors at 89 measuring points determined using an improved overcoring technique in nine mines in China were adopted,a newly defined characteristic parameter C_(ERP)was proposed as an indicator for evaluating the structural properties of rock masses,and a fuzzy relation matrix was established using the information distribution method.The results indicate that both the vertical stress and horizontal stress exhibit a good linear growth relationship with depth.There is no remarkable correlation between the elastic modulus,Poisson's ratio and depth,and the distribution of data points is scattered and messy.Moreover,there is no obvious relationship between the rock quality designation(RQD)and depth.The maximum horizontal stress σ_(H) is a function of rock properties,showing a certain linear relationship with the C_(ERP)at the same depth.In addition,the overall change trend of σ_(H) determined by the established fuzzy identification method is to increase with the increase of C_(ERP).The fuzzy identification method also demonstrates a relatively detailed local relationship betweenσ_H and C_(ERP),and the predicted curve rises in a fluctuating way,which is in accord well with the measured stress data. 展开更多
关键词 overcoring stress measurements elastic modulus Poisson's ratio rock quality designation maximum horizontal stress fuzzy identification
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Voices that matter:The impact of patient-reported outcome measures on clinical decision-making
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作者 Naveen Jeyaraman Madhan Jeyaraman +2 位作者 Swaminathan Ramasubramanian Sangeetha Balaji Sathish Muthu 《World Journal of Methodology》 2025年第2期54-61,共8页
The critical role of patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs)in enhancing clinical decision-making and promoting patient-centered care has gained a profound significance in scientific research.PROMs encapsulate a pati... The critical role of patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs)in enhancing clinical decision-making and promoting patient-centered care has gained a profound significance in scientific research.PROMs encapsulate a patient's health status directly from their perspective,encompassing various domains such as symptom severity,functional status,and overall quality of life.By integrating PROMs into routine clinical practice and research,healthcare providers can achieve a more nuanced understanding of patient experiences and tailor treatments accordingly.The deployment of PROMs supports dynamic patient-provider interactions,fostering better patient engagement and adherence to tre-atment plans.Moreover,PROMs are pivotal in clinical settings for monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy,particularly in chronic and mental health conditions.However,challenges in implementing PROMs include data collection and management,integration into existing health systems,and acceptance by patients and providers.Overcoming these barriers necessitates technological advancements,policy development,and continuous education to enhance the acceptability and effectiveness of PROMs.The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and policy-making aimed at optimizing the use and impact of PROMs across healthcare settings. 展开更多
关键词 Patient-reported outcome measures Clinical decision-making Patient-centered care Healthcare technology Data management Policy development
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Variations in quantifying patient reported outcome measures to estimate treatment effect
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作者 Sathish Muthu Srujun Vadranapu 《World Journal of Methodology》 2025年第2期44-53,共10页
In the practice of healthcare,patient-reported outcomes(PROs)and PRO measures(PROMs)are used as an attempt to observe the changes in complex clinical situations.They guide us in making decisions based on the evidence ... In the practice of healthcare,patient-reported outcomes(PROs)and PRO measures(PROMs)are used as an attempt to observe the changes in complex clinical situations.They guide us in making decisions based on the evidence regarding patient care by recording the change in outcomes for a particular treatment to a given condition and finally to understand whether a patient will benefit from a particular treatment and to quantify the treatment effect.For any PROM to be usable in health care,we need it to be reliable,encapsulating the points of interest with the potential to detect any real change.Using structured outcome measures routinely in clinical practice helps the physician to understand the functional limitation of a patient that would otherwise not be clear in an office interview,and this allows the physician and patient to have a meaningful conver-sation as well as a customized plan for each patient.Having mentioned the rationale and the benefits of PROMs,understanding the quantification process is crucial before embarking on management decisions.A better interpretation of change needs to identify the treatment effect based on clinical relevance for a given condition.There are a multiple set of measurement indices to serve this effect and most of them are used interchangeably without clear demarcation on their differences.This article details the various quantification metrics used to evaluate the treatment effect using PROMs,their limitations and the scope of usage and implementation in clinical practice. 展开更多
关键词 Patient-reported outcome measures Treatment effect Minimal clinical important difference Patient-accepted symptom state Minimum detectable change ORTHOPEDICS
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Instantaneous rotation speed measurement and error analysis for variable speed hydraulic system 被引量:1
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作者 杨彬 谷立臣 +1 位作者 刘永 王平 《Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation》 CAS CSCD 2015年第4期315-321,共7页
In order to monitor the working state of piston motor and measure its instantaneous rotation speed accurately, the measuring principle and method of instantaneous rotation speed based on industrial personal computer a... In order to monitor the working state of piston motor and measure its instantaneous rotation speed accurately, the measuring principle and method of instantaneous rotation speed based on industrial personal computer and data acquisition card are introduced, and the major error source, influence mechanism and processing method of data quantization error are dis- cussed. By means of hybrid programming approach of LabVIEW and MATLAB, the instantaneous rotation speed measurement system for the piston motor in variable speed hydraulic system is designed. The simulation and experimental results show that the designed instantaneous speed measurement system is feasible. Furthermore, the sampling frequency has an important influ- ence on the instantaneous rotation speed measurement of piston motor and higher sampling frequency can lower quantization er- ror and improve measurement accuracy. 展开更多
关键词 variable speed hydraulic system instantaneous rotation speed measurement error analysis hybrid programming
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In-situ measurement and distribution of flue gas mercury for a utility PC boiler system 被引量:3
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作者 段钰锋 Cao Yan +3 位作者 Shawn Kellie Kunlei Liu John Riley Weiping Pan 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2005年第1期53-57,共5页
The in-situ instrumentation technique for measuring mercury and itsspeciation downstream a utility 100 MW pulverized coal (PC) fired boiler system was developed andconducted by the use of the Ontario hydro method (OHM... The in-situ instrumentation technique for measuring mercury and itsspeciation downstream a utility 100 MW pulverized coal (PC) fired boiler system was developed andconducted by the use of the Ontario hydro method (OHM) consistent with American standard test methodtogether with the semi-continuous emissions monitoring (SCEM) system as well as a mobile laboratoryfor mercury monitoring. The mercury and its speciation concentrations including participate mercuryat three locations of before air preheater, before electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and after ESPwere measured using the OHM and SCEM methods under normal operation conditions of the boiler systemas a result of firing a bituminous coal. The vapor-phase total mercury Hg(VT) concentration declinedwith the decrease of flue gas temperature because of mercury species transformation from oxidizedmercury to particulate mercury as the flue gas moved downstream from the air preheater to the ESPand after the ESP. A good agreement for Hg°, Hg^(2+) and Hg( VT) was obtained between the twomethods in the ash-free area. But in the dense particle-laden flue gas area, there appeared to be abig bias for mercury speciation owing to dust cake formed in the filter of OHM sampling probe. Theparticulateaffinity to the flue gas mercury and the impacts of sampling condition to accuracy ofmeasure were discussed. 展开更多
关键词 coal fired flue gas mercury speciation in-situ measurement Ontario hydromethod (OHM) semi-continuous emissions monitoring (SCEM)
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Importance measure system of fuzzy and random input variables and its solution by point estimates 被引量:8
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作者 LI LuYi LU ZhenZhou LI Wei 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS 2011年第8期2167-2179,共13页
For structure system with fuzzy input variables as well as random ones, a new importance measure system is presented for evaluating the effects of the two kinds of input variables on the output response. Based on the ... For structure system with fuzzy input variables as well as random ones, a new importance measure system is presented for evaluating the effects of the two kinds of input variables on the output response. Based on the fact that the fuzziness of the output response is determined by that of the input variable, the presented measure system defines the importance measures which evaluate the effect of the fuzzy input variable. And for the random input variable, the importance measure system analyzes its effect from two aspects, i.e. its effect on the central distribution position and that on the fuzzy degree of the membership function of the output response. Taking the effects of the two kinds of input variables on the first moment and second one of the output response into account, the definitions of the importance measures of the input variables are given and their engineering significations are demonstrated. Combining with the advantages of the point estimates of Zhao and Ono, a solution of the proposed importance measures is provided. Several examples show that the proposed measure system is comprehensive and reasonable, and the proposed solution can improve computational efficiency considerably with acceptable precision. 展开更多
关键词 random input variable fuzzy input variable importance measure conditional probability moment unconditional probability moment point estimates
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Consensus Control With a Constant Gain for Discrete-time Binary-valued Multi-agent Systems Based on a Projected Empirical Measure Method 被引量:5
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作者 Ting Wang Min Hu Yanlong Zhao 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2019年第4期1052-1059,共8页
This paper studies the consensus control of multiagent systems with binary-valued observations.An algorithm alternating estimation and control is proposed.Each agent estimates the states of its neighbors based on a pr... This paper studies the consensus control of multiagent systems with binary-valued observations.An algorithm alternating estimation and control is proposed.Each agent estimates the states of its neighbors based on a projected empirical measure method for a holding time.Based on the estimates,each agent designs the consensus control with a constant gain at some skipping time.The states of the system are updated by the designed control,and the estimation and control design will be repeated.For the estimation,the projected empirical measure method is proposed for the binary-valued observations.The algorithm can ensure the uniform boundedness of the estimates and the mean square error of the estimation is proved to be at the order of the reciprocal of the holding time(the same order as that in the case of accurate outputs).For the consensus control,a constant gain is designed instead of the stochastic approximation based gain in the existing literature for binary-valued observations.And,there is no need to make modification for control since the uniform boundedness of the estimates ensures the uniform boundedness of the agents’states.Finally,the systems updated by the designed control are proved to achieve consensus and the consensus speed is faster than that in the existing literature.Simulations are given to demonstrate the theoretical results. 展开更多
关键词 Binary-valued observations CONSENSUS CONTROL CONSTANT GAIN convergence rate multi-agent systems projected empirical measure method
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Computed tomography vs liver stiffness measurement and magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients:A systematic review and meta-analysis 被引量:16
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作者 Yue Li Lei Li +2 位作者 Hong-Lei Weng Roman Liebe Hui-Guo Ding 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2020年第18期2247-2267,共21页
BACKGROUND Computed tomography(CT),liver stiffness measurement(LSM),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)are non-invasive diagnostic methods for esophageal varices(EV)and for the prediction of high-bleeding-risk EV(HREV... BACKGROUND Computed tomography(CT),liver stiffness measurement(LSM),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)are non-invasive diagnostic methods for esophageal varices(EV)and for the prediction of high-bleeding-risk EV(HREV)in cirrhotic patients.However,the clinical use of these methods is controversial.AIM To evaluate the accuracy of LSM,CT,and MRI in diagnosing EV and predicting HREV in cirrhotic patients.METHODS We performed literature searches in multiple databases,including Pub Med,Embase,Cochrane,CNKI,and Wanfang databases,for articles that evaluated the accuracy of LSM,CT,and MRI as candidates for the diagnosis of EV and prediction of HREV in cirrhotic patients.Summary sensitivity and specificity,positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio,diagnostic odds ratio,and the areas under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves were analyzed.The quality of the articles was assessed using the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies-2 tool.Heterogeneity was examined by Q-statistic test and I2 index,and sources of heterogeneity were explored using metaregression and subgroup analysis.Publication bias was evaluated using Deek’s funnel plot.All statistical analyses were conducted using Stata12.0,Meta Disc1.4,and Rev Man5.3.RESULTS Overall,18,17,and 7 relevant articles on the accuracy of LSM,CT,and MRI in evaluating EV and HREV were retrieved.A significant heterogeneity was observed in all analyses(P<0.05).The areas under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves of LSM,CT,and MRI in diagnosing EV and predicting HREV were 0.86(95%confidence interval[CI]:0.83-0.89),0.91(95%CI:0.88-0.93),and 0.86(95%CI:0.83-0.89),and 0.85(95%CI:0.81-0.88),0.94(95%CI:0.91-0.96),and 0.83(95%CI:0.79-0.86),respectively,with sensitivities of 0.84(95%CI:0.78-0.89),0.91(95%CI:0.87-0.94),and 0.81(95%CI:0.76-0.86),and 0.81(95%CI:0.75-0.86),0.88(95%CI:0.82-0.92),and 0.80(95%CI:0.72-0.86),and specificities of 0.71(95%CI:0.60-0.80),0.75(95%CI:0.68-0.82),and 0.82(95%CI:0.70-0.89),and 0.73(95%CI:0.66-0.80),0.87(95%CI:0.81-0.92),and 0.72(95%CI:0.62-0.80),respectively.The corresponding positive likelihood ratios were 2.91,3.67,and 4.44,and 3.04,6.90,and2.83;the negative likelihood ratios were 0.22,0.12,and 0.23,and 0.26,0.14,and 0.28;the diagnostic odds ratios were 13.01,30.98,and 19.58,and 11.93,49.99,and 10.00.CT scanner is the source of heterogeneity.There was no significant difference in diagnostic threshold effects(P>0.05)or publication bias(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Based on the meta-analysis of observational studies,it is suggested that CT imaging,a non-invasive diagnostic method,is the best choice for the diagnosis of EV and prediction of HREV in cirrhotic patients compared with LSM and MRI. 展开更多
关键词 Multidetector computed tomography imaging Magnetic resonance imaging Liver stiffness measurement Liver cirrhosis Esophageal varices META-ANALYSIS
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Methods to Evaluate and Measure Power of Pneumatic System and Their Applications 被引量:5
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作者 Yan Shi Maolin Cai +1 位作者 Weiqing Xu Yixuan Wang 《Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第3期98-108,共11页
Pneumatic system has been widely used throughout industry, and it consumes more than billions kW h of electricity one year all over the world. So as to improve the efficiency of pneumatic system, its power evaluation ... Pneumatic system has been widely used throughout industry, and it consumes more than billions kW h of electricity one year all over the world. So as to improve the efficiency of pneumatic system, its power evaluation as well as measurement methods should be proposed, and their applicability should be validated. In this paper, firstly, power evaluation and measurement methods of pneumatic system were introduced for the first time. Secondly, based on the proposed methods, power distributions in pneumatic system was analyzed. Thirdly, through the analysis on pneumatic efficiencies of typical compressors and pneumatic components, the applicability of the proposed methods were validated. It can be concluded that, first of all, the proposed methods to evaluation and measurement the power of pneumatic system were efficient. Furthermore, the pneumatic power efficiencies of pneumatic system in the air production and cleaning procedure are respectively about 35%–75% and 85%–90%. Moreover, the pneumatic power efficiencies of pneumatic system in the transmission and consumption procedures are about 70%–85% and 10%–35%. And the total pneumatic power efficiency of pneumatic system is about 2%–20%, which varies largely with the system configuration. This paper provides a method to analyze and measure the power of pneumatic system, lay a foundation for the optimization and energy-saving design of pneumatic system. 展开更多
关键词 PNEUMATIC system Compressed AIR ENERGY ASSESSMENT measurement POWER evaluation
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Design of insulator gray measurement system based on BH1750FVI 被引量:1
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作者 彭警 Wu Shilin 《石化技术》 CAS 2017年第8期47-47,共1页
Ash dense(non-soluble sediment density,NSDD) is attached to the insulator surface material that can't dissolve in water,it is divided by the result of surface area and used for quantitative content of insulator su... Ash dense(non-soluble sediment density,NSDD) is attached to the insulator surface material that can't dissolve in water,it is divided by the result of surface area and used for quantitative content of insulator surface non-soluble residues. Based on high voltage measurement,surface of outer insulation of ash can be used for the product line insulator pollution situation and determine whether it is able to withstand a variety of adverse factors. This paper proposes a method based on BH1750 FVI light intensity sensor for ash dense measurement. 展开更多
关键词 ASH DENSE INSULATOR high voltage measurement POLLUTION light INTENSITY sensor
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SDNMS: A Software Defined Network Measurement System for NFV Networks 被引量:4
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作者 Tianqi Zhang Ming Chen +2 位作者 Xianglin Wei Bing Chen Chao Hu 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2019年第4期59-74,共16页
As a promising technology to completely transform how we architect, deploy, operate and manage various networks, software-based Network Function Virtualization(NFV) enables hardware-independent, flexible, fast and eff... As a promising technology to completely transform how we architect, deploy, operate and manage various networks, software-based Network Function Virtualization(NFV) enables hardware-independent, flexible, fast and efficient network service provision. With the increasing popularity of NFV paradigm, the Internet has also transformed to be a hybrid environment where NFV-based network entities coexist with traditional network devices. To facilitate our understanding, design, evaluate and manage of such novel network environment, there is a great need for a new NFV-compatible network measurement system which is still in absent so far. To bridge this gap, a system, named Software Defined Network Measurement System(SDNMS), is presented in this paper. Firstly, the architecture of SDNMS is proposed. In this architecture, a formal method to describe the working mode of the network measurement is defined. This method can also be utilized to generate a network measurement middle box(NMMB) in a specific location of the NFV network according to the customized description file, and to flexibly deploy the network measurement function. Secondly, the technology of virtual network measurement function(VNMF) combined with LXC is studied to form NMMB function. Thirdly, a control method is presented to control the start, stop, and update NMMB to form a specific network measurement system function. Finally, a prototype of SDNMS with network monitoring function to monitor network performance anomalies and locate faults is introduced. Experimental results have shown that SDNMS architecture and related technologies are feasible and effective to deploy and control network measurement functions in NFV networks. We hope SDNMS could provide a new method for practitioners to conduct network management and research at the age of NFV. 展开更多
关键词 NETWORK FUNCTION VIRTUALIZATION NETWORK measureMENT system architecture NETWORK measureMENT FUNCTION service CHAIN
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