Objectives: 1) To describe electroencephalogram (EEG) appearance in the awake dog and compare these results with EEG recordings after low dose medetomidine (2 μg/kg IV) followed by atipamezole (10 μg/kg, IM);2) To i...Objectives: 1) To describe electroencephalogram (EEG) appearance in the awake dog and compare these results with EEG recordings after low dose medetomidine (2 μg/kg IV) followed by atipamezole (10 μg/kg, IM);2) To institute EEG recordings after low dose medetomidine or dexmedetomidine as a standard of practice if focal abnormalities and amplitudes were not significantly altered by pharmaceuticals in Phase 1 of this study. Methods: Electroencephalograms were performed on eight clinical canine patients with suspected intracranial disease involving the prosencephalon. A five lead montage was used to record the EEGs. Each dog had an awake, baseline recording followed by an EEG performed after administration of low dose medetomidine (2 μg/kg IV) then atipamezole (10 μg/kg, IM). In the second phase of this study, the same dose of medetomidine or dexmedetomidine at 1 μg/kg IV and atipamezole (10 μg/kg, IM) were used in the evaluation of 20 clinical patients with suspected neurologic disease. Results: In Phase 1, awake recordings were laced with movement artifacts. After medetomidine and atipamezole, EEG waveforms were slower. Following atipamezole, however, the frequencies were observed to increase with time. Statistical evaluation revealed significantly more artifacts in baseline recordings. No statistically significant change was observed in focal abnormalities or amplitude. In Phase 2, the a2-adrenoreceptor agonists followed by atipamezole without the use of lidocaine produced clinically reliable results. Clinical Significance: Quality and diagnostic electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings are frequently inconvenient to obtain in the awake dog. Movement results in artifacts and dislodged leads. Administration of low dose medetomidine or dexmedetomidine followed by atipamezole reliably reduced the impact of movement artifacts and produced clinically valid EEG recordings in dogs.展开更多
This paper proposes the alternating direction method of multipliers-based infinity-norm(ADMIN) with threshold(ADMIN-T) and with percentage(ADMIN-P) detection algorithms,which make full use of the distribution of the s...This paper proposes the alternating direction method of multipliers-based infinity-norm(ADMIN) with threshold(ADMIN-T) and with percentage(ADMIN-P) detection algorithms,which make full use of the distribution of the signal to interference plus noise ratio(SINR) for an uplink massive MIMO system.The ADMIN-T and ADMIN-P detection algorithms are improved visions of the ADMIN detection algorithm,in which an appropriate SINR threshold in the ADMIN-T detection algorithm and a certain percentage in the ADMIN-P detection algorithm are designed to reduce the overall computational complexity.The detected symbols are divided into two parts by the SINR threshold which is based on the cumulative probability density function(CDF) of SINR and a percentage,respectively.The symbols in higher SINR part are detected by MMSE.The interference of these symbols is then cancelled by successive interference cancellation(SIC).Afterwards the remaining symbols with low SINR are iteratively detected by ADMIN.The simulation results show that the ADMIIN-T and the ADMIN-P detection algorithms provide a significant performance gain compared with some recently proposed detection algorithms.In addition,the computational complexity of ADMIN-T and ADMIN-P are significantly reduced.Furthermore,in the case of same number of transceiver antennas,the proposed algorithms have a higher performance compared with the case of asymmetric transceiver antennas.展开更多
CA日前宣布，CA为企业系统与应用提供的基于角色及法规的用户预设置系统—eTrust Admin r8．1标准版、企业版及数据中心版本已通过Windows Server 2003认证。通过Lionbridge测试部门VeriTest认证，eTrust Adminr 8．1已达到微软“Window...CA日前宣布，CA为企业系统与应用提供的基于角色及法规的用户预设置系统—eTrust Admin r8．1标准版、企业版及数据中心版本已通过Windows Server 2003认证。通过Lionbridge测试部门VeriTest认证，eTrust Adminr 8．1已达到微软“Windows认证”项目的严格要求。微软的Windows Server 2003认证项目为Windows操作系统中提供高可靠性及高效集成的认证应用建立了很高的技术标准。展开更多
文摘Objectives: 1) To describe electroencephalogram (EEG) appearance in the awake dog and compare these results with EEG recordings after low dose medetomidine (2 μg/kg IV) followed by atipamezole (10 μg/kg, IM);2) To institute EEG recordings after low dose medetomidine or dexmedetomidine as a standard of practice if focal abnormalities and amplitudes were not significantly altered by pharmaceuticals in Phase 1 of this study. Methods: Electroencephalograms were performed on eight clinical canine patients with suspected intracranial disease involving the prosencephalon. A five lead montage was used to record the EEGs. Each dog had an awake, baseline recording followed by an EEG performed after administration of low dose medetomidine (2 μg/kg IV) then atipamezole (10 μg/kg, IM). In the second phase of this study, the same dose of medetomidine or dexmedetomidine at 1 μg/kg IV and atipamezole (10 μg/kg, IM) were used in the evaluation of 20 clinical patients with suspected neurologic disease. Results: In Phase 1, awake recordings were laced with movement artifacts. After medetomidine and atipamezole, EEG waveforms were slower. Following atipamezole, however, the frequencies were observed to increase with time. Statistical evaluation revealed significantly more artifacts in baseline recordings. No statistically significant change was observed in focal abnormalities or amplitude. In Phase 2, the a2-adrenoreceptor agonists followed by atipamezole without the use of lidocaine produced clinically reliable results. Clinical Significance: Quality and diagnostic electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings are frequently inconvenient to obtain in the awake dog. Movement results in artifacts and dislodged leads. Administration of low dose medetomidine or dexmedetomidine followed by atipamezole reliably reduced the impact of movement artifacts and produced clinically valid EEG recordings in dogs.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant numbers 61671047,61775015 and U2006217.
文摘This paper proposes the alternating direction method of multipliers-based infinity-norm(ADMIN) with threshold(ADMIN-T) and with percentage(ADMIN-P) detection algorithms,which make full use of the distribution of the signal to interference plus noise ratio(SINR) for an uplink massive MIMO system.The ADMIN-T and ADMIN-P detection algorithms are improved visions of the ADMIN detection algorithm,in which an appropriate SINR threshold in the ADMIN-T detection algorithm and a certain percentage in the ADMIN-P detection algorithm are designed to reduce the overall computational complexity.The detected symbols are divided into two parts by the SINR threshold which is based on the cumulative probability density function(CDF) of SINR and a percentage,respectively.The symbols in higher SINR part are detected by MMSE.The interference of these symbols is then cancelled by successive interference cancellation(SIC).Afterwards the remaining symbols with low SINR are iteratively detected by ADMIN.The simulation results show that the ADMIIN-T and the ADMIN-P detection algorithms provide a significant performance gain compared with some recently proposed detection algorithms.In addition,the computational complexity of ADMIN-T and ADMIN-P are significantly reduced.Furthermore,in the case of same number of transceiver antennas,the proposed algorithms have a higher performance compared with the case of asymmetric transceiver antennas.
文摘CA日前宣布，CA为企业系统与应用提供的基于角色及法规的用户预设置系统—eTrust Admin r8．1标准版、企业版及数据中心版本已通过Windows Server 2003认证。通过Lionbridge测试部门VeriTest认证，eTrust Adminr 8．1已达到微软“Windows认证”项目的严格要求。微软的Windows Server 2003认证项目为Windows操作系统中提供高可靠性及高效集成的认证应用建立了很高的技术标准。
