TWO-DIMENSIONAL LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY(2D-LC) IN THE ANALYSIS OF PHARMACEUTICALS AND AUTHENTICATION OF CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINE

One-dimensional liquid chromatography(1D-LC)is routinely applied to the analysis of all kinds of samples in different fields.With the introduction of UHPLC instruments and sub-2micron particle columns,the separation efficiency was greatly improved.To resolve all components of complex samples,however,1D-LC does not provide enough resolving power,or peak capacity.In addition,to separate compounds co-eluting in 1D-LC,increasing the separation efficiency by increasing

Integrating ancient and modern approaches to traditional Chinese medicinal authentication

Authentication is a key component of quality control,and the quality of Chinese medicinal materials directly impacts clinical efficacy.Chinese medicinal quality control is an important concern of the wider community,and it is intricately connected to the future and development of Chinese medicine.Macroscopic identification has been used for thousands of years in Chinese medicine,and it continues to be effective for resolving important issues related to quality control in the modern-day.However,new challenges have emerged for macroscopic identification.For example,new botanical varieties have emerged,with differences in macroscopic features related to cultivated vs.wild materials.Changes in processing methods and cultivation techniques also affect these features.Consequently,continual progress and innovation in Chinese medicinal authentication methods are needed.Macroscopic identification is based on organoleptic assessment,microscopy,and research of ancient texts,such as the Bencao.In addition to collecting information from traditional experience-based differentiation,innovation can take advantage of new technologies that can provide even more detailed,precise information about morphology.In the present review,we summarized inheritance and innovation in the scientific exposition of Chinese medicinal authentication,featuring a review of specialized publications,description of the establishment of a Chinese medicine specimen center and Chinese Medicine digital project,the expansion of authentication technologies,and the formation of a cultural project dedicated to the Compendium of Materia Medica.

Microsatellite Development and Potential Application in Authentication, Conservation, and Genetic Improvement of Chinese Medicinal Plants

Medicinal plants are popular and widely used as a major source of herbal drugs and pharmaceutical compounds. Ever-growing demands make medicinal plants faced to several problems including efficacy and safety to meet business requirements, conservation, and artificially assisted breeding. As a powerful molecular tool, microsatellites offer the great potentials for various purposes in plants. This review provides a scenario of microsatellites in medicinal plants including development from genomic or expressed sequence tag libraries, cross-species transferability, genotyping, and potential applications. We emphasized on the authentication of medicinal plants by microsatellite markers.