[Objective] This paper aimed to understand the area change and distribu- tion of medium-low yield farmland, and offered basis to the improvement of mediumlow farmland and its increase of grain production in Tianjin. [...[Objective] This paper aimed to understand the area change and distribu- tion of medium-low yield farmland, and offered basis to the improvement of mediumlow farmland and its increase of grain production in Tianjin. [Method] Based on the statistical date of Tianjin and its relevant counties and districts, the yield standard was set up to classify high-yield, medium-yield and low-yield farmland in Tianjin. The author analyzed area change of medium-low yield farmland in six agricultural counties and districts （including Jixian County, Wuqing District, Baodi District, Ninghe County, Jinghai County and Dagang district of Binghai New Area） from 1980 to 2010. [Result] The results showed that the average yield of grain rose from 2 445 kg/hm^2 in 1980 to 5 130 kg/hm^2 in 2010, increasing 109.82%. The area of mediumlow yield farmland was reduced from 291 250.13 hm^2 in 1985 to 76 489.87 hm^2 in 2010, coming down 74%. In Tianjin, the area of medium-low yield farmland of 2010 accounted for 19% of the total farmland, of which the ratios of medium-low yield farmland of Jinghai County, Jixian County, Dagang district of Binghai New Area, Wuqing District, Baodi District and Ninghe County were 43.12%, 18.59%, 17.23%, 14.01%, 7.05% and 0, respectively. Low soil nutrient content, drought and water shortage, as well as soil salinization were the main yield limiting factors to mediumlow yield farmland in Tianjin in 2010. [Conclusion] The countermeasures to improve the medium-low yield farmland were proposed, involving enhancing the investment of the government, strengthening the construction of water conservancy infrastructure, further improving the soil fertility, as well as saline and alkaline land, optimizing the farming system and planting drought and salt tolerance crops, etc.展开更多
Slope farmland is a main type of agricultural land throughout northeast China.Long-term high intensity utilization and unreasonable farming have caused the deterioration of soil resources and a decrease in crop produc...Slope farmland is a main type of agricultural land throughout northeast China.Long-term high intensity utilization and unreasonable farming have caused the deterioration of soil resources and a decrease in crop production.Here,it was hypothesized that crop straw incorporation might help to reduce nutrient losses and increase maize yields across time and space.A field experiment for testing straw management practices on maize across three slope positions(top,back and bottom slopes)was conducted in Northeast China in 2018 and 2019.In this study,the dry matter accumulation(DMA),N accumulation(NA),N remobilization,postsilking N uptake and grain yield were measured under SI(straw incorporation)and NSI(no straw incorporation)across three slope positions of 100-m-long consecutive black soil slope farmland during the maize(Zea mays L.)growth stages.Compared with NSI,SI significantly increased DMA and NA at the silking and maturity stages.SI typically increased the N remobilization in all slope positions,and significantly increased N remobilization efficiency and contribution of N remobilization to grain on the back and bottom slopes.However,post-silking N uptake was only increased by SI on the top slope.SI generally increased the crop yield in three slope positions.In the SI treatments,the bottom slope was the highest yield position,followed by the top,and then the back slopes,suggesting that the bottom slope position of regularly incorporated straw might have increased the potential for boosting maize yield.Overall,the study demonstrated the outsized potential of straw incorporation to enhance maize NA and then increase the grain yield in black soil slope farmland.展开更多
In order to improve the quality of cultivated land in Liaoning Province in the light of local conditions, medium- and low-yielding farmland in Liaoning Province are divided into various zones according to characterist...In order to improve the quality of cultivated land in Liaoning Province in the light of local conditions, medium- and low-yielding farmland in Liaoning Province are divided into various zones according to characteristics of the terrain, and the practical and feasible improvement measures are put forward based on the current situation and main existing problems in the medium- and low-yielding farmland in different areas,展开更多
In line with the author’s long-time experience on soil reconnaissance, monitoring and scientific probes, this article expounds the vital significance in systematic build-up of pedological data, protection of arable l...In line with the author’s long-time experience on soil reconnaissance, monitoring and scientific probes, this article expounds the vital significance in systematic build-up of pedological data, protection of arable land, employment and renovation of the farmland soil in accordance with the local edaphic setting in a bid to increase the grain yield.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to research the appropriate seeding quantities of double-season machine-transplanted rice in middle and low-yielding district of southern Jiangxi Province. [Method] The research set five differ...[Objective] The aim was to research the appropriate seeding quantities of double-season machine-transplanted rice in middle and low-yielding district of southern Jiangxi Province. [Method] The research set five different seeding quantities treatments, and compared with conventional seedling treatment, and the appropriate seeding quantities of double season machine-transplanted rice in middle and lowyielding district of southern Jiangxi Province was discussed. [Result] The yields were highest when the seeding quantity was 70 g per tray of early rice by mechanical transplanting and 60 g per tray of late rice. The yield of early rice by mechanical transplanting showed significantly positive correlation with the number of productive ear and the number of seed per ear, and late rice yield showed significant correlation with the number of productive ear by mechanical transplanting. It is key for improving high yields by guaranteeing the number of productive ear. [Conclusion] The issue of proper sowing quantity should be taken into consideration for double-cropping rice in the region, which is crucial for high yields.展开更多
为科学合理测算耕地整治潜力,提高潜力测算结果的应用性,该文结合二调数据及农用地分等数据,进行了耕地整治数量潜力和质量潜力的测算研究,耕地整治数量潜力测算采用耕地系数法(CLC,cultivated land coefficient),耕地整治质量潜力测算...为科学合理测算耕地整治潜力,提高潜力测算结果的应用性,该文结合二调数据及农用地分等数据,进行了耕地整治数量潜力和质量潜力的测算研究,耕地整治数量潜力测算采用耕地系数法(CLC,cultivated land coefficient),耕地整治质量潜力测算采用农用地分等因子提高后的预评价法。研究表明:五华县耕地整治潜力较大,数量总潜力为841.69 hm2,各行政村数量潜力分布情况为南高北低;质量潜力方面,经过整治,耕地自然等别可平均提高1.28等,利用等别可平均提高0.71等,生产能力可提高57 862.99×104kg。该研究方法符合当地土地整治实际情况,研究结果可为制定县域土地整治规划、划定高标准基本农田建设区及确定耕地整治建设重点项目区提供参考。展开更多
文摘[Objective] This paper aimed to understand the area change and distribu- tion of medium-low yield farmland, and offered basis to the improvement of mediumlow farmland and its increase of grain production in Tianjin. [Method] Based on the statistical date of Tianjin and its relevant counties and districts, the yield standard was set up to classify high-yield, medium-yield and low-yield farmland in Tianjin. The author analyzed area change of medium-low yield farmland in six agricultural counties and districts （including Jixian County, Wuqing District, Baodi District, Ninghe County, Jinghai County and Dagang district of Binghai New Area） from 1980 to 2010. [Result] The results showed that the average yield of grain rose from 2 445 kg/hm^2 in 1980 to 5 130 kg/hm^2 in 2010, increasing 109.82%. The area of mediumlow yield farmland was reduced from 291 250.13 hm^2 in 1985 to 76 489.87 hm^2 in 2010, coming down 74%. In Tianjin, the area of medium-low yield farmland of 2010 accounted for 19% of the total farmland, of which the ratios of medium-low yield farmland of Jinghai County, Jixian County, Dagang district of Binghai New Area, Wuqing District, Baodi District and Ninghe County were 43.12%, 18.59%, 17.23%, 14.01%, 7.05% and 0, respectively. Low soil nutrient content, drought and water shortage, as well as soil salinization were the main yield limiting factors to mediumlow yield farmland in Tianjin in 2010. [Conclusion] The countermeasures to improve the medium-low yield farmland were proposed, involving enhancing the investment of the government, strengthening the construction of water conservancy infrastructure, further improving the soil fertility, as well as saline and alkaline land, optimizing the farming system and planting drought and salt tolerance crops, etc.
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in Public Interest in China(201503119-06-01)。
文摘Slope farmland is a main type of agricultural land throughout northeast China.Long-term high intensity utilization and unreasonable farming have caused the deterioration of soil resources and a decrease in crop production.Here,it was hypothesized that crop straw incorporation might help to reduce nutrient losses and increase maize yields across time and space.A field experiment for testing straw management practices on maize across three slope positions(top,back and bottom slopes)was conducted in Northeast China in 2018 and 2019.In this study,the dry matter accumulation(DMA),N accumulation(NA),N remobilization,postsilking N uptake and grain yield were measured under SI(straw incorporation)and NSI(no straw incorporation)across three slope positions of 100-m-long consecutive black soil slope farmland during the maize(Zea mays L.)growth stages.Compared with NSI,SI significantly increased DMA and NA at the silking and maturity stages.SI typically increased the N remobilization in all slope positions,and significantly increased N remobilization efficiency and contribution of N remobilization to grain on the back and bottom slopes.However,post-silking N uptake was only increased by SI on the top slope.SI generally increased the crop yield in three slope positions.In the SI treatments,the bottom slope was the highest yield position,followed by the top,and then the back slopes,suggesting that the bottom slope position of regularly incorporated straw might have increased the potential for boosting maize yield.Overall,the study demonstrated the outsized potential of straw incorporation to enhance maize NA and then increase the grain yield in black soil slope farmland.
文摘In order to improve the quality of cultivated land in Liaoning Province in the light of local conditions, medium- and low-yielding farmland in Liaoning Province are divided into various zones according to characteristics of the terrain, and the practical and feasible improvement measures are put forward based on the current situation and main existing problems in the medium- and low-yielding farmland in different areas,
文摘In line with the author’s long-time experience on soil reconnaissance, monitoring and scientific probes, this article expounds the vital significance in systematic build-up of pedological data, protection of arable land, employment and renovation of the farmland soil in accordance with the local edaphic setting in a bid to increase the grain yield.
基金National Key Technology R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2011BAD16B04,(2012BAD04B11)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to research the appropriate seeding quantities of double-season machine-transplanted rice in middle and low-yielding district of southern Jiangxi Province. [Method] The research set five different seeding quantities treatments, and compared with conventional seedling treatment, and the appropriate seeding quantities of double season machine-transplanted rice in middle and lowyielding district of southern Jiangxi Province was discussed. [Result] The yields were highest when the seeding quantity was 70 g per tray of early rice by mechanical transplanting and 60 g per tray of late rice. The yield of early rice by mechanical transplanting showed significantly positive correlation with the number of productive ear and the number of seed per ear, and late rice yield showed significant correlation with the number of productive ear by mechanical transplanting. It is key for improving high yields by guaranteeing the number of productive ear. [Conclusion] The issue of proper sowing quantity should be taken into consideration for double-cropping rice in the region, which is crucial for high yields.
文摘为科学合理测算耕地整治潜力,提高潜力测算结果的应用性,该文结合二调数据及农用地分等数据,进行了耕地整治数量潜力和质量潜力的测算研究,耕地整治数量潜力测算采用耕地系数法(CLC,cultivated land coefficient),耕地整治质量潜力测算采用农用地分等因子提高后的预评价法。研究表明:五华县耕地整治潜力较大,数量总潜力为841.69 hm2,各行政村数量潜力分布情况为南高北低;质量潜力方面,经过整治,耕地自然等别可平均提高1.28等,利用等别可平均提高0.71等,生产能力可提高57 862.99×104kg。该研究方法符合当地土地整治实际情况,研究结果可为制定县域土地整治规划、划定高标准基本农田建设区及确定耕地整治建设重点项目区提供参考。
