The present paper aims at showing the possible adoption in Psychiatry of a general methodology finalized to prescribe the most appropriate Therapy based on the knowledge of its correlative effects in advance, instead ...The present paper aims at showing the possible adoption in Psychiatry of a general methodology finalized to prescribe the most appropriate Therapy based on the knowledge of its correlative effects in advance, instead of recognizing them ex post. The specific case here considered is the “bipolar disorder”, in which the adoption of three different drugs is the most common practice, although with a possible differentiation between the prescription in the morning and in the evening, respectively. Thus, the proposed methodology will consider the Ordinal Interactions between the various drugs by evaluating their combined effects, which will result as being not a simple additive “sum”, because they are evaluated on the basis of the Maximum Ordinality Principle (MOP) and, in addition, in Adherence to the Explicit Solution to the “Three-Body Problem”. In this way the Methodology here proposed is able to suggest how to account for the synergistic effects of the various drugs, especially when the latter are characterized by different concentrations and, at the same time, by generally different half-lives respectively.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, pathologically characterized by the presence of β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Current treatment approaches using drugs only al...Alzheimer’s disease is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, pathologically characterized by the presence of β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Current treatment approaches using drugs only alleviate the symptoms without curing the disease, which is a serious issue and influences the quality of life of the patients and their caregivers. In recent years, stem cell technology has provided new insights into the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Currently, the main sources of stem cells include neural stem cells, embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology and general treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, and the current state of stem cell transplantation in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. We also assess future challenges in the clinical application and drug development of stem cell transplantation as a treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of medications used following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection on self-reported alterations in taste and/or smell...Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of medications used following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection on self-reported alterations in taste and/or smell function.Methods:Seven hundred and fourteen persons with self-reported postcoronavirus disease 2019(post-COVID-19)chemosensory disorders were personally interviewed regarding specific medications they were administered following the acute phase of the disease.The dependent measure—self-reported total recovery of chemosensory symptoms—was subjected to stepwise logistic regression.Independent predictors included demographic and clinical variables,in addition to specific medications used to mitigate disease symptoms(i.e.,systemic corticosteroids,oseltamivir,vitamin C,ibuprofen,hydroxychloroquine,azithromycin,ivermectin,nitazoxanide,anticoagulants,and zinc).Results:The median time between COVID-19 symptom onset and the interviews was 81 days(interquartile range:60-104).Of the 714 subjects,249(34.9%)reported total recovery of their chemosensory function;437(61.2%)had at least one treatment since the beginning of the disease.Women and those with more comorbidities had undergone more treatments.The recovery rates of the treated and nontreated groups did not differ significantly.Nonetheless,respondents who had used nitazoxanide tended to have a higher rate of self-reported taste or smell recovery.Those who took oral zinc were less likely to improve.Conclusions:No medication employed during the first months after SARS-CoV-2 infection had a clear positive effect on returning self-reported smell or taste function to normal,although nitrazoxide trended in a positive direction.Oral zinc had a negative effect on the reported recovery of these senses.展开更多
背景失眠障碍是一种常见的精神疾病,给患者的生活和健康带来严重的负面影响。传统的认知行为疗法(CBT-I)是一种有效的非药物治疗方法,但其操作复杂、耗时长、依从性低等缺点限制了其在真实世界的应用。简版行为疗法(BBT-I)是一种基于CB...背景失眠障碍是一种常见的精神疾病,给患者的生活和健康带来严重的负面影响。传统的认知行为疗法(CBT-I)是一种有效的非药物治疗方法,但其操作复杂、耗时长、依从性低等缺点限制了其在真实世界的应用。简版行为疗法(BBT-I)是一种基于CBT-I的简化治疗方法,其疗效与CBT-I相当,更适合在真实世界中推广。然而,BBT-I是否适用于中国失眠障碍人群暂不明确,而通过线上方式进行BBT-I的研究更是缺乏。目的本研究旨在探讨通过微信小程序进行的在线BBT-I(eBBT-I)对中国失眠障碍患者失眠改善的疗效,以及其对患者睡眠信念和态度的影响。方法本研究采用前瞻性非随机对照研究的设计,将2023年2—11月来自暨南大学附属第一医院精神医学科睡眠门诊的失眠障碍患者设为干预组,将线上和线下招募的失眠障碍志愿者设为对照组,干预组接受为期2周的eBBT-I治疗,对照组接受精神卫生教育的伪干预。在干预前后分别测量患者的失眠严重程度指数量表(ISI)和简版睡眠信念与态度问卷(DBAS-16)得分,以评估干预效果。结果研究最终共纳入35例干预组患者和30例对照组患者。主要结局指标:组别与时间对ISI得分存在交互作用(P<0.05);组别与时间分别对ISI得分主效应显著(P<0.05)。干预前3d(基线)两组ISI得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后14d干预组ISI得分低于对照组(P<0.05);干预组干预后14 d ISI得分低于组内干预前(P<0.05)。次要结局指标:组别与时间对DBAS-16得分不存在交互作用(P>0.05);时间对DBAS-16得分主效应显著(P<0.05);组别对DBAS-16得分主效应不显著(P>0.05)。干预前3 d(基线)、干预后14 d两组DBAS-16得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预组干预后14 d DBAS-16得分高于组内干预前(P<0.05)。结论eBBT-I有效地改善了失眠障碍患者的失眠症状和负面影响,但对睡眠信念与态度的改善效果仍有待提升。本研究支持了eBBT-I在中国失眠障碍患者失眠治疗中的可行性和有效性。展开更多
文摘The present paper aims at showing the possible adoption in Psychiatry of a general methodology finalized to prescribe the most appropriate Therapy based on the knowledge of its correlative effects in advance, instead of recognizing them ex post. The specific case here considered is the “bipolar disorder”, in which the adoption of three different drugs is the most common practice, although with a possible differentiation between the prescription in the morning and in the evening, respectively. Thus, the proposed methodology will consider the Ordinal Interactions between the various drugs by evaluating their combined effects, which will result as being not a simple additive “sum”, because they are evaluated on the basis of the Maximum Ordinality Principle (MOP) and, in addition, in Adherence to the Explicit Solution to the “Three-Body Problem”. In this way the Methodology here proposed is able to suggest how to account for the synergistic effects of the various drugs, especially when the latter are characterized by different concentrations and, at the same time, by generally different half-lives respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81701076(to LLZ)and No.31670795(to XQF)2017 Changbai Mountain Research Support Foundation,No.440050117010(to XQF)+1 种基金Opening Project of Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences,No.YKFJ2-007(to LLZ)grants from the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province,China,No.20190701037GH(to FQZ),20180520138JH(to FQZ),20190701036GH(to LLZ)
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, pathologically characterized by the presence of β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Current treatment approaches using drugs only alleviate the symptoms without curing the disease, which is a serious issue and influences the quality of life of the patients and their caregivers. In recent years, stem cell technology has provided new insights into the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Currently, the main sources of stem cells include neural stem cells, embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology and general treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, and the current state of stem cell transplantation in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. We also assess future challenges in the clinical application and drug development of stem cell transplantation as a treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.
文摘Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of medications used following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection on self-reported alterations in taste and/or smell function.Methods:Seven hundred and fourteen persons with self-reported postcoronavirus disease 2019(post-COVID-19)chemosensory disorders were personally interviewed regarding specific medications they were administered following the acute phase of the disease.The dependent measure—self-reported total recovery of chemosensory symptoms—was subjected to stepwise logistic regression.Independent predictors included demographic and clinical variables,in addition to specific medications used to mitigate disease symptoms(i.e.,systemic corticosteroids,oseltamivir,vitamin C,ibuprofen,hydroxychloroquine,azithromycin,ivermectin,nitazoxanide,anticoagulants,and zinc).Results:The median time between COVID-19 symptom onset and the interviews was 81 days(interquartile range:60-104).Of the 714 subjects,249(34.9%)reported total recovery of their chemosensory function;437(61.2%)had at least one treatment since the beginning of the disease.Women and those with more comorbidities had undergone more treatments.The recovery rates of the treated and nontreated groups did not differ significantly.Nonetheless,respondents who had used nitazoxanide tended to have a higher rate of self-reported taste or smell recovery.Those who took oral zinc were less likely to improve.Conclusions:No medication employed during the first months after SARS-CoV-2 infection had a clear positive effect on returning self-reported smell or taste function to normal,although nitrazoxide trended in a positive direction.Oral zinc had a negative effect on the reported recovery of these senses.
文摘背景失眠障碍是一种常见的精神疾病,给患者的生活和健康带来严重的负面影响。传统的认知行为疗法(CBT-I)是一种有效的非药物治疗方法,但其操作复杂、耗时长、依从性低等缺点限制了其在真实世界的应用。简版行为疗法(BBT-I)是一种基于CBT-I的简化治疗方法,其疗效与CBT-I相当,更适合在真实世界中推广。然而,BBT-I是否适用于中国失眠障碍人群暂不明确,而通过线上方式进行BBT-I的研究更是缺乏。目的本研究旨在探讨通过微信小程序进行的在线BBT-I(eBBT-I)对中国失眠障碍患者失眠改善的疗效,以及其对患者睡眠信念和态度的影响。方法本研究采用前瞻性非随机对照研究的设计,将2023年2—11月来自暨南大学附属第一医院精神医学科睡眠门诊的失眠障碍患者设为干预组,将线上和线下招募的失眠障碍志愿者设为对照组,干预组接受为期2周的eBBT-I治疗,对照组接受精神卫生教育的伪干预。在干预前后分别测量患者的失眠严重程度指数量表(ISI)和简版睡眠信念与态度问卷(DBAS-16)得分,以评估干预效果。结果研究最终共纳入35例干预组患者和30例对照组患者。主要结局指标:组别与时间对ISI得分存在交互作用(P<0.05);组别与时间分别对ISI得分主效应显著(P<0.05)。干预前3d(基线)两组ISI得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后14d干预组ISI得分低于对照组(P<0.05);干预组干预后14 d ISI得分低于组内干预前(P<0.05)。次要结局指标:组别与时间对DBAS-16得分不存在交互作用(P>0.05);时间对DBAS-16得分主效应显著(P<0.05);组别对DBAS-16得分主效应不显著(P>0.05)。干预前3 d(基线)、干预后14 d两组DBAS-16得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预组干预后14 d DBAS-16得分高于组内干预前(P<0.05)。结论eBBT-I有效地改善了失眠障碍患者的失眠症状和负面影响,但对睡眠信念与态度的改善效果仍有待提升。本研究支持了eBBT-I在中国失眠障碍患者失眠治疗中的可行性和有效性。
