MEN1在消化系统肿瘤中的研究进展

多发性内分泌腺肿瘤型1(MEN1)基因通过编码Menin调节细胞增殖和凋亡等过程,并且参与多个信号通路的调节,包括Wnt/β-catenin、Notch、Hedgehog/Dnmt1、Hippo等信号通路,这些都与肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。因此,MEN1的突变或功能缺陷可能导致肿瘤发生的风险增加。以往关于MEN1的研究主要集中于神经内分泌肿瘤,MEN1在神经内分泌肿瘤中作为抑癌基因发挥作用,其缺失突变引起的基因功能丧失,参与了神经内分泌肿瘤的发生发展。但近年研究表明,MEN1在不同的肿瘤中发挥不同的作用,如在胃癌中通过抑制IQ基元GTP酶激活蛋白1(IQGAP1)表现为抑癌基因,在肝癌中则通过甲基化相关途径表现为癌基因,在结直肠癌中通过自噬相关机制也表现为癌基因;而在食管癌、胰腺癌中MEN1的作用尚存在争议。现就近年来MEN1在消化系统肿瘤中的研究进展做一综述。

Epidemiological Profile of Men Who Have Sex with Men: First Data about Male Sex Workers in Central African Republic (CAR)

Objectives: Sex work is not well documented among African men. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of men who have sex with men (MSM) and eventually to determine the proportion of sex workers (SW) among them, as well as the proportion of MSM who have been victims of gender-based violence (GBV). Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study coordinated by the Direction de la Médecine du Travail was carried out at the headquarters of the association ALTERNATIVES in Bangui Bangui from July 1 to October 31, 2021. Consenting MSM present during the study period were systematically included. Sociodemographic variables, those relating to the future vision of the activity and to GBV were collected and analyzed using Epi-Info version 7 software. Results: Forty MSM with an average age of 23 years and mainly secondary education (75.0%) were included. The vast majority of MSM were unemployed (85.0%). 45.0% had been victims of GBV and wanted to stop working as an MSM (47.5%), and almost 2/3 (65.0%) would accept another income-generating activity in exchange for the MSM. Violence was sexual (32.5%), economic (22.5%), physical (20.0%), verbal (12.5%) and psychological (12.5%). Conclusion: The MSM were mainly young, poorly educated, unemployed, and almost half were victims of GBV. The desire to change MSM activity to another income-generating activity alongside that of MSM shows that many of them are SW, workers in the informal sector. This must be taken into account in prevention activities, even if the data needs to be confirmed on a much larger sample.

Urethroplasty among Elderly Men, Surgical Techniques and Outcomes

Introduction: Urethroplasty remains the gold standard for the management of urethral stricture. However, the treatment of stricture disease in the elderly tends to be less invasive due to the presumption that they might not be able to stand long hours of surgery and might have higher rates of recurrence due to poor wound healing from microangiopathy. We present our experience with the outcomes of urethroplasty among elderly men seen at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021. Methods: This was a retrospective review of data captured in the urology database on all patients 65 years and above who underwent urethroplasty at the hospital over the study period. Data was obtained on patients’ demographics, stricture characteristics, urethroplasty technique, and outcome. A successful outcome was defined as peak flow rate > 15 mls/s, a patent urethra on retrograde urethrogram, patient satisfaction with urine stream, or restoration of the normal stream of urine with only one attempt at urethral calibration or internal urethrotomy postoperatively. Data was analyzed using PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 18.0. Results: Overall, 43 urethroplasties were done over the study period in elderly men. The age range was 65 to 87 years. The commonest aetiology was catheterization (62.79%) followed by urethritis (32.56%). Stricture length ranged from 0.5 cm to 16 cm with a mean of 3.93 cm. Most patients (60.46%) had bulbar urethral strictures. The repair methods employed were anastomotic urethroplasty (62.80%), fasciocutaneous flap (FCF) ventral onlay (13.95%), buccal mucosa graft (BMG) ventral onlay urethroplasty (4.65%), and staged urethroplasty (4.65%). Three of the patients (6.98%) had a combination of anastomotic and tissue transfer urethroplasty. The overall success rate was 88.37%. Complications included three surgical site infections, two urethral diverticula and one glans dehiscence. Conclusion: Elderly men tolerate urethroplasty well and the procedure should not be denied solely based on age.

Men’s Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions on Family Planning in Tourourou Village, Gogui Rural Commune, Nioro Circle, Kayes Region of Mali

Introduction: The involvement of men in reproductive health programmes and more specifically in family planning has always been of concern to the various development actors at both national and international levels. Objective: To study the births, ideas and opinions of men on Family Planning in the village of Tourourou. Material and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study from February 1 to July 31, 2020 in the village of TOUROUROU on the Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions of Men on Family Planning. We included in our study, all men residing in TOUROUROU whose age is between 14 and 99 years, who agreed to participate in the study. Results: Our study involved 200 men. The 25 - 29 age group was the most represented with 25.5%. The Soninke had represented 41%. In our study, 97.5% of men had heard of family planning, 62% had spontaneously cited at least one modern contraceptive method, and the pill ranked first with 64.5%. Radio and friends were the most frequent sources of information with 57.5% and 54.5% respectively. Birth spacing was the most cited family planning goal by men in 43.5% of cases. Men supported the practice of family planning in 50.5% of cases. Conclusion: In the village of Tourourou men play a crucial role in decision-making concerning the health of the couple and the family, their effective involvement in Reproductive Health especially in Family Planning will contribute enormously to the improvement of the health of the family.

To Explore the Relationship between Lower Extremity Vascular Sclerosis and Osteoporosis in Elderly Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: To investigate the correlation between lower extremity vascular sclerosis and osteoporosis in elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 359 elderly male patients with type II diabetes hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2018 to June 2023 were retrospectively collected. According to the BMD (Bone Density Value), the patients were categorized into osteoporotic (T ≤ -2.5, n = 248) and non-osteoporotic groups (T > -2.5, n = 111). T test and Chi-square test were used to evaluate the differences in clinical data, biochemical markers and ABI between two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of osteoporosis in elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: Compared with the non-osteoporotic group, the differences in diabetes course, systolic blood pressure, ABI, BMI, uric acid, triglyceride, and HDL in the osteoporotic group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that lower extremity vascular sclerosis was an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P Conclusion: Atherosclerosis of the lower extremities in elderly men with T2DM is closely related to osteoporosis, and can lead to a decrease in bone mass, and an increase in osteoporosis.

Structural Gender Inequality and Mental Health among Chinese Men and Women

Little is known about the association between structural gender inequality and health in patriarchal China.This study employed a sample from the Chinese Women’s Social Status,consisting of 26,139 participants aged 18 and 70 years(13,494 women and 12,645 men).Structural gender inequality was assessed at the macro-,meso-,and micro-levels.Mental health was measured by the summed scores of eight questions on depressive symptoms.Multilevel linear regression was applied for analysis.Results showed that total sex ratio at birth was associated with poorer mental health among women and men but sex ratio at birth of the second-born child predicted better mental health.Gender inequality at meso-level resulted in poorer mental health and gender inequality at micro-level was associated with poorer mental health both for men and women.Eliminating structural gender inequality promotes populations’mental health in China.

Comparison of“Song to the Men of England”With“Large Rat”of Book of Songs From the Approach of New Criticism

New Criticism is an important theory in deciphering poetry.With the help of New Criticism,the meanings and the charms of the poetry are shown.“Song to the Men of England”and“Large Rat”are from different countries with the same emotions of accusing the cruelty of the exploiter and the miserable life of the exploited.However,“Song to the Men of England”is full of hatred to the exploiter,hoping to destroy the society.Nevertheless,the exploited of“Large Rat”keep the hope of moving to a new free land.The two poems show different characteristics of Englishmen and Chinese.

北京市男男性行为人群流感知信行现状分析

目的 通过研究北京市男男性行为人群流行性感冒知信行的现状及影响因素,为男男性行为人群流行性感冒防控和健康教育提供参考依据。方法 依托北京市艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊和定点治疗机构,利用问卷星对男男性行为人群进行问卷调查,采用χ2检验和多因素二分类logistic回归模型分析调查对象关于流行性感冒的相关知识、态度和行为及影响因素。结果 收回有效问卷977份,调查对象流行性感冒相关知识正确率为86.28%,高中或中专(OR=2.279,95%CI:1.146~4.499)、大专或本科(OR=2.679,95%CI:1.462~4.916)、硕士及以上文化程度者(OR=6.400,95%CI:2.244~18.281)的流感知识水平高于初中及以下,HIV感染者流感知识水平低于HIV未感染者(OR=0.645,95%CI:0.442~0.967);流行性感冒正向态度持有率为61.31%,18~<30岁(OR=0.278,95%CI:0.128~0.608)、30~<40岁(OR=0.265,95%CI:0.134~0.578)、40~<50岁(OR=0.266,95%CI:0.115~0.609)年龄者的流感正向态度持有水平低于≥50岁者,高中或中专(OR=2.473,95%CI:1.293~4.708)、大专或本科(OR=2.556,95%CI:1.464~4.476)、硕士及以上文化程度者(OR=2.731,95%CI:1.435~5.173)的流感正向态度持有水平高于初中及以下,近3年接种过其他疫苗史者流感正向态度持有水平高于近3年未接种其他疫苗史者(OR=1.973,95%CI:1.304~2.990),流感相关知识合格者流感正向态度持有水平高于知识不合格者(OR=3.580,95%CI:2.376~5.372);流行性感冒正向行为形成率为66.84%,未发现行为相关的影响因素。结论 北京市男男性行为人群具有较高的流行性感冒相关知识水平,但正向态度持有和正向行为形成水平不高。应将50岁以下、文化程度较低、HIV感染者、近3年无疫苗接种史的男男性行为人群作为流行性感冒健康教育的重点对象。

福州市男男性行为人群HIV暴露前预防需求的影响因素分析

目的通过了解男男性行为(menwhohavesexwithmen,MSM)人群的人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)暴露前预防(pre-exposure prophylaxis,PrEP)需求及其影响因素,为开展PrEP服务提供相关依据。方法于2022年4—6月通过简单随机抽样的方法,由社会组织在浴池、酒吧、网络招募自愿参与调查的MSM者,对调查对象进行问卷调查,分析福州市MSM人群艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)PrEP的需求情况及其影响因素。结果福州市MSM人群对于PrEP需求度为73.34%。学历越高的MSM者HIV PrEP需求越高、未婚/离异/丧偶的MSM者HIV PrEP需求高于已婚/同居的、每次发生MSM都使用安全套的HIV PrEP需求高于有时使用和从未使用的、同性恋的MSM者HIV PrEP需求高于其他、最近一个男性性伴的AIDS检测结果为阴性HIV PrEP需求高于阳性或不清楚感染状况、未使用新型毒品的MSM者HIV PrEP需求高于有使用过新型毒品的、最近1年有进行HIV检测的MSM者HIV PrEP需求高于未检测过的(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示,新型毒品的使用与被调查人的学历是福州市MSM人群PrEP需求的主要影响因素。结论加大PrEP预防效果宣传,针对学历低、已婚、无检测意识、使用过新型毒品的MSM人群开展专项教育,提高MSM人群对PrEP使用信心,充分认识PrEP对预防AIDS感染效果及其副作用。

肥胖男性勃起功能障碍的相关因素分析

目的探讨肥胖男性勃起功能障碍(ED)的相关因素。方法依据国际勃起功能指数(IIEF-5)评分,选取2021-10—2023-02于郑州大学第二附属医院生殖医学中心男科门诊就诊的77例肥胖男性ED患者(ED组),另选取同期于该中心行育前检查的77例肥胖男性非ED者(非ED组)。依据IIEF-5评分将ED患者进行分层分组,轻度组45例,中重度组32例。收集统计2组临床资料和实验室检查数据。分析肥胖男性ED的相关因素。结果ED组患者的腰臀比(WHR)、体质量指数(BMI),以及同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、空腹血糖(FPG)水平高于非ED组者,IIEF-5评分低于非ED组者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ED程度分层分析结果显示,中重度组患者的年龄、WHR、BMI、Hcy、FPG、甘油三酯(TG)水平高于轻度组,IIEF-5评分低于轻度组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论WHR、BMI、Hcy、FPG的升高与肥胖男性ED有关;年龄、BMI,以及Hcy、FPG、TG水平对肥胖男性ED诊断及严重程度的评价有一定指导价值。

基于数据挖掘探讨《医方类聚·咳嗽门》用药规律

目的 探讨《医方类聚·咳嗽门》中治疗咳嗽病用药规律,为临床提供参考和借鉴。方法 纳入《医方类聚·咳嗽门》所载咳嗽病治疗处方,对方中使用药物的用药频次、性味归经、功效等进行频数统计,对高频药物进行药物类别、关联规则及聚类分析。结果 共纳入方剂1 332首,包括中药378味,药味多在12味以下,高频药物包括甘草、半夏、人参、杏仁、陈皮、茯苓、生姜、五味子等,药性以温性为主,药味以辛、苦、甘味为主,主要归肺经、脾经,功效类别以化痰止咳平喘药及补虚药为主;关联规则共得出2联组合18项,3联组合34项,4联组合3项,多为健脾祛湿、宣肺化痰药物组合,同时得出核心药物组为二陈汤加减,聚类分析得出6个药物组群,具有清肺润肺、理气健脾、燥湿化痰及温阳功效特点。结论 明代以前医家对咳嗽病的处方用药相对精简,以温化为主,润燥合宜,肺脾同治,重视理气化痰。

中国西南彝族男性体型分类及胸腰覆盖率研究

为研究并细分中国特定地区男性体型及服装标准体型覆盖率,选择中国四川、云南、贵州3个地区年龄在18~80岁的930名彝族男性作为人体测量样本。采用服装人体测量的质量控制规定进行手工测量,利用SPSS软件进行K-均值聚类分析,将数据与GB/T 1335.1—2008《服装号型男子》中体型分类范围进行比较,对该地区彝族男性的体型特征重新分类,并计算出3个地区彝族男性不同体型胸腰覆盖率。研究结果丰富了中国西南地区的服装人体数据,对中国男性服装标准号型数据库进行了补充和细化,为服装企业和产品研发提供了更准确的数据支持。

陶穀《清异录》“茗荈门”茶事考

《清异录》为唐、五代至宋初文人陶穀所撰之笔记,记录了唐、五代至宋初之逸闻故实,以及事物的异名及其来历,内容涵盖深广,涉及天文、地理、人事、草木、百虫、装饰、器具、药品、茗荈等方面。其中“茗荈门”所辑录的关于茶汤、茶器、茶技、品茶、茶之雅称与别称、茶艺与茶戏等方面的记载,颇具特色,是对唐、五代至宋初茶文化的重要补充。对《清异录》“茗荈门”茶事展开研究,不仅可以为唐、五代至宋初茶文化研究提供一定的参考,对丰富茶文化的内容也不无益处。

我国男子跳马单项决赛动作特征分析--以2022年全国体操锦标赛为例

文章运用文献资料、录像观察、数理统计等方法,以2022年全国体操锦标赛男子跳马单项决赛动作选择为切入点。按照上板、第一腾空、第二腾空、落地的顺序进行对比分析,研究国内优秀跳马运动员动作选择倾向以及动作特征,找出特长与优势,为运动员日常训练提供理论指导从而将运动训练过程置于科学控制状态之下,提高训练的科学性。研究得出:通过预赛的层层选拔,进入跳马单项决赛的8名选手在一定程度上代表了国内跳马的最高水平,随着国内跳马项目迅速发展,运动员动作难度价值整体上升了一个水平,但完成质量有待提高;跳马单项决赛中5.4是基本难度水平;动作选择依旧集中在手翻类动作,踺子上板类动作较少;单一轴转体的动作是运动员动作选择的主流;动作完成质量以及落地稳定性是世界大赛中夺金的有力保障。以上结论有利于了解当前国内跳马现状;为运动员提出了未来训练的发展方向和要求;为备战巴黎奥运会,在世界大赛上冲击奖牌具有重要意义。

中外优秀男子400 m栏运动员分段成绩及全程节奏比较

为揭示优秀男子400 m栏运动员分段成绩及全程节奏特征,探究中外优秀男子400 m栏运动员成绩和技术的发展特征及具体差距,搜集了男子400 m栏世界排名前3的运动员沃霍姆、本杰明、桑托斯及中国运动员谢智宇近3年的主要比赛决赛视频,采用Dartfish软件对视频进行逐帧解析,并对比赛成绩、步幅、步频、速度及节奏变化进行了分析与比较.结果显示:国外优秀运动员在H1—H2阶段速度达到全程最大,为(8.77±0.72) m/s,且前3栏速度变化呈现“N”形态,谢智宇在绝对速度上低于国外优秀运动员,在H1—H2阶段差距最大,差值接近1.00 m/s;国外优秀运动员栏间步数基本固定,大部分运动员在比赛中会有1次步数调整,第1次调整在H7居多,谢智宇在栏间的步数变化次数多于国外优秀运动员.

第49-51届世界体操锦标赛男子体操竞技实力分析

运用文献资料法、数理统计法、对比分析法等研究方法,对第49-51届世界体操锦标赛中国男子体操队的成绩进行分析总结:(1)中国男子体操队在三届世锦赛共获得6枚金牌、3枚银牌、2枚铜牌。(2)单项奖牌的分散程度越来越高,竞争格局日趋激烈,少数国家垄断奖牌的局面被打破,男子体操单项已进入群雄并起的时代。(3)在成套动作上,自由体操主要集中在D组难度动作;鞍马的FLOPS及组合动作以及俄式挺身类动作运用最多;吊环主要在C组、D组和E组;跳马Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组动作使用较多,单杠Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组动作成为主体;单杠Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组动作使用较为频繁。

“苏门六君子”散文的文统与风貌

“苏门六君子”是北宋文坛很有意味的现象,他们遭际或同或异,无妨聚集苏轼门下,尚韩步苏,接受欧苏散文范式的影响,为文大体追求自然平易。从文体审视,其论说往往有家国之忧,求为世用而理明辞达;书信与序文以叙引论或论中兼有叙事,平和淡定;记文虽不乏好说理的特征,却因关乎人生,通脱超然,趣味各生。“苏门六君子”由此造就的散文风貌,尽管为苏轼的散文华章遮蔽,但在古代散文史上仍不乏自身的光彩。

“避男标签”:小红书女性用户的算法抵抗研究

互联网平台的发展使算法日益成为一种新型社会权力,影响着人们在数字社会的行为决策,也激发了人们对算法的警惕和抵抗。本文聚焦小红书平台的“避男标签”现象,探究小红书女性用户如何基于算法想象,使用特定的话题标签开展算法抵抗。研究发现,女性使用“避男标签”是为躲避网络社区的男性凝视和网络骚扰,在具体实践中主要通过多元化标签内容以实现多维度的算法抵抗。但“避男标签”的效果并不稳定,需要及时调整,开展动态的算法博弈。总体来看,女性通过创造性使用平台功能开展算法抵抗,是为了寻求性别平等、包容友好的网络空间。而解决问题的关键不仅仅在于个体的能动抵抗,还要积极推动网络空间治理。

特殊体型男西装高级定制虚拟仿真实验建设与实践

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