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Construction of QIAN Xuesen's Meta-Synthetic Wisdom System and Aerospace Hall for Workshop for Meta-Synthetic Engineering
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作者 ZHANG Wenyu XUE Yu +1 位作者 YANG Fengxia YU Qi 《Aerospace China》 2017年第2期40-46,共7页
China's aerospace industry is facing a major task of increasing the reform of aerospace management system and speeding up civil-military integration, which leads to an urgent demand for new aerospace think tank pr... China's aerospace industry is facing a major task of increasing the reform of aerospace management system and speeding up civil-military integration, which leads to an urgent demand for new aerospace think tank products. Thankfully, with "information space" as the carrier, the "systems science" as the guidance, and QIAN Xuesen's "metasynthetic wisdom system" as the core, QIAN Xuesen think tank provides the decision support for China to develop an aerospace knowledge economy and to continuously enhance the "space soft power". In this paper, the framework of the meta-synthetic wisdom system guided by systems science is presented, the relationship between basic ideas of QIAN Xuesen think tank and meta-synthetic wisdom system is explained and the construction items of aerospace hall of the workshop for meta-synthetic engineering(aerospace HWMSE) are analyzed. 展开更多
关键词 QIAN Xuesen think tank meta-synthetic wisdom system aerospace hall of workshop for meta-synthet-ic engineering
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Draft Consensus Building in Hall for Workshop of Meta-Synthetic Engineering 被引量:2
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作者 XIONG Caiquan LI Dehua JIN Lianghai 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 CAS 2008年第1期45-49,共5页
This paper discusses that there are two sorts of group consensus in Hall for Workshop of Meta-synthetic Engineering: draft consensus and decisive consensus, which are respectively formed in the two synchronous stages... This paper discusses that there are two sorts of group consensus in Hall for Workshop of Meta-synthetic Engineering: draft consensus and decisive consensus, which are respectively formed in the two synchronous stages in the process of "synchronous stages 1- asynchronous stages- synchronous stages 2", and focuses on the concept of draft consensus. Then proposes a draft consensus building model and its solution method called Consensus Building Graph, by which claim concern value, claim support value, claim authority value and claim consensus value can be calculated real time for reaching a consensus, and designs a computer aided consensus building system called Internet based Group Discussion Environment. The model follows the methodology of meta-synthesis from qualitative to quantitative analysis in which computers and humans are combined to solve complex problems. 展开更多
关键词 meta-synthetic brainstorm draft consensus Consensus Building Graph
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Meta-synthetic Strategies for Digital Recordkeeping and Knowledge Utilization: International Trends 被引量:1
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作者 Xiaomi An Judith Ellis 《Management Studies》 2014年第1期43-52,共10页
With the increasing number of applications and services online, more and more business processes are carried out in a fully integrated digital working environment. To ensure the success of a business and the smart cap... With the increasing number of applications and services online, more and more business processes are carried out in a fully integrated digital working environment. To ensure the success of a business and the smart capture and reuse of organizational knowledge, adequate recordkeeping is essential. A review of the related literature indicates that international trends and future directions of recordkeeping awareness, recordkeeping processes and regimes, recordkeeping systems and technologies are moving towards meta-synthetic support in a digital environment at strategic level. However, little has been discussed about specific strategies of meta-synthetic support for digital recordkeeping, and in turn, organizational knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to propose the adoption and adaptation of the ISO/TC 46/SC 11 series of standards and the integrated use of ISO management systems standards (MSSs) as enablers of meta-synthetic strategies to enhance organizational performance and accountability through sustainable digital recordkeeping. The integrated use of ISO MSSs provides ever increasing opportunities for integrated product, process, service, and compliance control. The mechanisms of the above meta-synthetic strategies are collaboration, optimization, innovation, and compliance. The theoretical foundations are the integrated use of life-cycle, continuum and ecosystem theories with multidisciplinary perspectives. The practical outcomes are the support of varied evidence-based collaborations at multiple levels, such as national strategies and plans for digital continuity, knowledge sharing and reuse, open government initiatives, e-government information architecture and services competence building, and enterprise information governance. 展开更多
关键词 digital recordkeeping knowledge management INNOVATION meta-synthetic strategies internationaltrends
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Heideggerian Thought in the Light of Iranian-Islamic Wisdom
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作者 Bogdana Todorova 《Philosophy Study》 2024年第3期123-128,共6页
A prominent Iranian philosopher Ahmad Fardid considered the influential German philosopher Martin Heidegger as“the only Western philosopher who understood the world and the only philosopher whose insights were congru... A prominent Iranian philosopher Ahmad Fardid considered the influential German philosopher Martin Heidegger as“the only Western philosopher who understood the world and the only philosopher whose insights were congruent with the principles of the Islamic Republic”.The report aimed to present Fardid’s interpretation of Heidegger in the light of Iranian-Islamic wisdom.Iranian philosopher believes that Heidegger’s thought responds to the most important intellectual crisis of the West civilization that is nihilism and to reach the possibility of an“other beginning”of thinking that he calls“No-longer-metaphysical-thought”.Considering these two fundamental features,Fardid founds powerful religious-spiritual tendencies in Heidegger’s thinking. 展开更多
关键词 Heidegger Iran Ahmad Fardid wisdom
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林语堂与The Wisdom of Confucius 被引量:3
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作者 李钢 《重庆理工大学学报(社会科学)》 CAS 2011年第3期96-98,共3页
林语堂的翻译活动前后跨越了半个世纪,历经了中国"五四"新文化运动和美国20世纪50年代"反文化"运动和现代性的冲击。他的译品,就犹如他的创作一样,带有鲜明的中西合璧的文化色彩。林语堂通过通俗的艺术方法为中国... 林语堂的翻译活动前后跨越了半个世纪,历经了中国"五四"新文化运动和美国20世纪50年代"反文化"运动和现代性的冲击。他的译品,就犹如他的创作一样,带有鲜明的中西合璧的文化色彩。林语堂通过通俗的艺术方法为中国古典文化的精华在西方文化世界的传播做出了卓越贡献。由林语堂编译的The Wisdom of Confucius(中文名《孔子的智慧)》较为完整地表达了林语堂的孔子观,也系统地向西方介绍了儒家学说,对促进西方读者了解中国传统文化起到了重要作用。林语堂的翻译思想、The Wisdom of Confucius的编译内容、林语堂《论语》的英译本都具有深刻的学术研究价值。 展开更多
关键词 林语堂 《论语》 The wisdom of CONFUCIUS The Analects
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图模驱动的在线医疗健康智慧问答服务研究
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作者 张君冬 刘江峰 +2 位作者 邓景鹏 刘艳华 黄奇 《现代情报》 北大核心 2025年第1期164-176,共13页
[目的/意义]学者们重视追求医疗智慧问答相关技术本身的前沿性,对基础理论的探讨研究较少,两者未能融合发展。[方法/过程]在辨析相关概念的基础上,首先阐述在线医疗健康领域智慧问答服务的内涵及特征,之后剖析知识图谱与大语言模型的联... [目的/意义]学者们重视追求医疗智慧问答相关技术本身的前沿性,对基础理论的探讨研究较少,两者未能融合发展。[方法/过程]在辨析相关概念的基础上,首先阐述在线医疗健康领域智慧问答服务的内涵及特征,之后剖析知识图谱与大语言模型的联系及两者的互补融合思路,最后提出图模驱动的在线医疗健康智慧问答服务。[结果/结论]文章将医疗智慧问答服务理论特征贯穿智慧问答服务的全过程,创新性地提出其智慧问答服务应包含大语言模型驱动的医疗知识图谱构建、知识图谱增强的医疗大模型训练、图模驱动的智慧问答服务流程三部分。本研究实现了理论与技术的有机结合,研究成果可用于后续医疗智慧问答的实践性工作。 展开更多
关键词 知识图谱 大语言模型 在线医疗健康 智慧问答服务
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面向数据可视化GUI设计的WISDOM任务模型构建 被引量:1
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作者 杨蕾 刘正捷 《计算机应用与软件》 北大核心 2021年第10期39-44,共6页
在普适计算环境中,用户与系统之间的交互越来越多样化,为了顺应这种多样化,越来越多的设计人员开始使用任务模型去帮助开发用户界面。为了更好地协助设计人员了解用户的需求从而指导设计数据可视化系统的GUI(Graphical User Interface)... 在普适计算环境中,用户与系统之间的交互越来越多样化,为了顺应这种多样化,越来越多的设计人员开始使用任务模型去帮助开发用户界面。为了更好地协助设计人员了解用户的需求从而指导设计数据可视化系统的GUI(Graphical User Interface),将现有的WISDOM任务模型进行优化与改进,并定义好WISDOM模型在整个软件生命周期中具体使用方式。在数据可视化图形用户界面的系统设计中应用WISDOM任务模型,将软件开发生命周期的其他部分与用户界面的开发过程很好地结合在一起。经实践表明,改进后的WISDOM任务模型可以准确地获取用户需求,快速地形成用户界面原型,提高了软件开发的效率。对数据可视化系统GUI设计的研究具有重要的现实意义和实用价值。 展开更多
关键词 普适计算 任务模型 wisdom GUI 数据可视化
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Simulation of Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems: Some Research Areas-Computational Understanding, Awareness, and Wisdom 被引量:2
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作者 Tuncer Oren 《系统仿真学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2018年第2期363-385,共23页
After a brief emphasis about the interconnected world, including Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems, the increasing importance of the decision-making by autonomous, quasi-autonomous, and autonomic systems is emphasised... After a brief emphasis about the interconnected world, including Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems, the increasing importance of the decision-making by autonomous, quasi-autonomous, and autonomic systems is emphasised. Promising roles of computational understanding, computational awareness, and computational wisdom for better autonomous decision-making are outlined. The contributions of simulation-based approaches are listed. 展开更多
关键词 cyber-Physical SYSTEMS of SYSTEMS decision-making by autonomous andautonomic SYSTEMS COMPUTATIONAL UNDERSTANDING COMPUTATIONAL AWARENESS COMPUTATIONAL wisdom simulation-based knowledge processing
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Ecclesiastical Wisdom and the Absurd in Hamlet
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作者 王霞 杨楠 《海外英语》 2011年第8X期355-355,359,共2页
The element of absurd in Shakespeare's plays has its roots in Old Testament wisdom literature, particularly in the book of Ecclesiastes. The thesis gives some examples from the book of Ecclesiastes to present the ... The element of absurd in Shakespeare's plays has its roots in Old Testament wisdom literature, particularly in the book of Ecclesiastes. The thesis gives some examples from the book of Ecclesiastes to present the existence of the absurd and shows several elements in Hamlet. 展开更多
关键词 ABSURD Ecclesiastical wisdom HAMLET
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On the Wisdoms of Human Life Embodied in Robert Frost's Poems-A Brief Analysis of Motifs of Robert Frost's Poems
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作者 刘柳 刘曦阳 向天曼 《海外英语》 2011年第8X期335-336,338,共3页
Robert Frost is one of the famous poets of the 20th century American literature who won the Pulitzer Prize for four times. The reason for his popularity is partially because he employs traditional verse form and iambi... Robert Frost is one of the famous poets of the 20th century American literature who won the Pulitzer Prize for four times. The reason for his popularity is partially because he employs traditional verse form and iambic pentameter pattern in poem writing, but the most important reason for the reputation of his poems lies in the thematic concern of something universal, such as death and life, love and hate, war and peace, the good and the evil, the wisdom of human life and etc. . A brief analysis will be given in the following text about the wisdoms of human life embodied in Robert Frost's poems from three aspects: 1. Relaxation and responsibility of man. 2. The decisions in life. 展开更多
关键词 Robert Frost MOTIFS wisdom of HUMAN LIFE relationship responsibility decisions
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The Inheritance and Development of Chinese Narrative Medicine Practice to the Philosophical Wisdom of Traditional Chinese Medicine 被引量:2
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作者 YANG Xiaolin 《Chinese Medicine and Culture》 2023年第2期164-174,共11页
Starting from the inheritance and promotion of Chinese life philosophy and traditional Chinese medicine wisdom by Chinese narrative medicine practice,this paper discusses the inheritance and echo relationship between ... Starting from the inheritance and promotion of Chinese life philosophy and traditional Chinese medicine wisdom by Chinese narrative medicine practice,this paper discusses the inheritance and echo relationship between the“close textual reading ability”in Chinese narrative medicine practice and the“four diagnoses”in traditional Chinese medicine wisdom,narrative mediation and the“mind-body holistic philosophy”in traditional Chinese medicine,and narrative wisdom and Dao Sheng in Chinese life philosophy.Meanwhile,by analyzing the stories of contemporary doctors’practice of narrative intelligence,this paper expounds that Chinese narrative medicine is a new model of medical education and clinical practice based on the absorption of Chinese traditional life wisdom and the essence of traditional Chinese medicine culture,and the integration of western narrative medicine concepts.It also advocates Chinese scholars to actively build the discipline of“narrative traditional Chinese medicine,”constantly translate the academic achievements to foreign countries,and create a good narrative ecology of traditional Chinese medicine. 展开更多
关键词 Narrative Chinese medicine Narrative wisdom Practice of narrative medicine in China Traditional Chinese medicine
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From Wisdom of the Crowd to Crowdfunding 被引量:10
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作者 Clemens Bechter Stefan Jentzsch Michael Frey 《通讯和计算机(中英文版)》 2011年第11期951-957,共7页
关键词 群体智慧 人群 社会网络 西方哲学 亚洲人 不确定性 网络效应 商业计划
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Design of SWJU Rim Wisdom City Maker Space: A Case Study of Undergraduate Course Design of Urban and Rural Planning
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作者 GAO Wei CAI Yutong +7 位作者 JIA Zixuan YIN Yanzhe LIU Tianyi LIU Jingyi LIU Pan GOU Qiaohong YANG Yao CAI Wenyan 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2017年第3期37-41,共5页
In architectural design course of the SWJU Rim Wisdom City Hotel, the authors explored the innovation and business model of the maker space, analyzed the junctions between future needs of innovation and business activ... In architectural design course of the SWJU Rim Wisdom City Hotel, the authors explored the innovation and business model of the maker space, analyzed the junctions between future needs of innovation and business activities and hotel functions, took the SWJU Rim Wisdom City as the design background, made the hotel design scheme based on research fruits and conceptual logic, and finished the coursework from research to design. 展开更多
关键词 Maker space SWJU wisdom City Hotel design Narrative streamline Sliced space Loft style
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A Goddess of Wisdom ——Portia, an Image fromThe Merchant of Venice
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作者 Gao Qing (Lanzhou Normal College, Lanzhou, 730070, China) 《兰州大学学报(社会科学版)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2000年第S1期135-137,共3页
The objective of the essay is to show that Portia is an incarnation of beauty and wisdom. Through the analysis of Shakespeare’s creative intent, the author reaches a conclusion in the end, that is as a united charact... The objective of the essay is to show that Portia is an incarnation of beauty and wisdom. Through the analysis of Shakespeare’s creative intent, the author reaches a conclusion in the end, that is as a united character of the infinite and the finite, Portia is far richer in content than her image. 展开更多
关键词 Portia goddess wisdom
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Quantum Mechanical Postulates towards Realization of Artificial Wisdom on Incorporating Desire in Intelligence: A Hypothetical Study
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作者 Aloke Sarkar 《Journal of Computer and Communications》 2021年第12期63-79,共17页
This paper is a hypothetical study to present postulates to have mathematical formulation towards realization of artificial wisdom. On referring quantum mechanics (QM) a mathematical foundation of wisdom is being defi... This paper is a hypothetical study to present postulates to have mathematical formulation towards realization of artificial wisdom. On referring quantum mechanics (QM) a mathematical foundation of wisdom is being defined to have the wisdom machine that can work like creative human. Creation may be defined as the desire to have new. Wisdom is differentiated from intelligence on adding desire. Desire is defined as something more than need on encompassing knowledge of self and unbiased reasoning. Each component of desire has an embedded part that is defined as hallucination need (defined as wandering of mind around unreal, acting with attachments, having deluded mind with egoism, performing as foolish follower). This research is viewing wisdom as the tool-kit to realize the “Survival of the fittest.” That is wisdom allows developing own-self on desire base. QM allows probabilistic approximation of multiple interacting events. Human behavior and creativity is a product of multiple events occurring simultaneously and/or in cascade with mutual interferences. Quantum mechanical interpretation of human behavior may be possible on describing it with dual aspects of desire (conscious or the real need and unconscious or the hallucination need) and uncertainties in simultaneous measurement of them. This paper is presenting nine postulates. These postulates and more to develop in future research may make it possible to mathematically encode human wisdom of creativity, so that there may be artificial wisdom. 展开更多
关键词 INTELLIGENCE NEED Hallucination Need Desire wisdom Quantum Mechanics
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Stochastic Differential Game Model for Decentralized Power Control with Wisdom Regulation Factor in Wearable Audio-Oriented BodyNets
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作者 Chen Yueyun Zhang Long Zhou Xianwei 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2012年第12期117-126,共10页
In this study, aiming at the characteristics of randomness and dynamics in Wearable Audiooriented BodyNets (WA-BodyNets), stochastic differential game theory is applied to the investigation of the problem of transm... In this study, aiming at the characteristics of randomness and dynamics in Wearable Audiooriented BodyNets (WA-BodyNets), stochastic differential game theory is applied to the investigation of the problem of transmitted power control inconsumer electronic devices. First, astochastic differential game model is proposed for non-cooperative decentralized uplink power control with a wisdom regulation factor over WA-BodyNets with a onehop star topology.This model aims to minimize the cost associated with the novel payoff function of a player, for which two cost functions are defined: functions of inherent power radiation and accumulated power radiation darmge. Second, the feedback Nash equilibrium solution of the proposed model and the constraint of the Quality of Service (QoS) requirement of the player based on the SIR threshold are derived by solving the Fleming-Bellman-Isaacs partial differential equations. Furthermore, the Markov property of the optimal feedback strategies in this model is verified.The simulation results show that the proposed game model is effective and feasible for controlling the transmitted power of WA-BodyNets. 展开更多
关键词 stochastic differential game body area networks power control wisdom regulation factor
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Philosophy Does Not Mean Love for Wisdom:Case study of Hebrew Old Testament Phalasaphiya,i.e.,False——Prophecy,Produced Philosophy
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作者 Charles Ogundu Nnaji 《Journal of Philosophy Study》 2019年第6期367-375,共9页
The study digs deep into the Semitic-Hebrew Old Testament roots of the word“philosophy”particularly,noting Judges 6:13,Hebrew“Niphilo-tha esh sophru-lanu-abbotenu”transliterated into koine Greek New Testament as“... The study digs deep into the Semitic-Hebrew Old Testament roots of the word“philosophy”particularly,noting Judges 6:13,Hebrew“Niphilo-tha esh sophru-lanu-abbotenu”transliterated into koine Greek New Testament as“phi-lo-sophia”which means“wonder stories(or teachings)taught us by our fathers;with the figurative meaning as,‘Are you sure God exists?’”.The study,through its Semitic textual linguistic methodology,also identified Deuteronomy 25:3,Hebrew“Ha-Philo ha-Shophet”,which means“Human Judgments”,is another form of the Hebrew“Phenosophi”(i.e.,human additions,Deut 25:3);then,2 Samuel 3:34,Hebrew“Na-Phala-yo-shophim”(i.e.,outdated or dead);please see Colossians 2:8,or to fall and die;also,2 Kings 10:23,Hebrew“Phen-Yeo-Shophu”(i.e.,Godless people seen also in Job 9:24,Hebrew“Phenoshophet”(i.e.,Godless or blind Judgements=Note also Job 22:13,Hebrew“Ara-Phel-yi-shophet”=blind or bad judges;also in 2 Corinthians 4:4,Greek New Testament“Tuphlosen(i.e.,blindness).The study observed that 1 Chro 2:47,Hebrew“Epha-we-shaaph”is the Noun form of the Verb“E-phala-shaaphi”,which means“cleverly invented,vague,obscure or added”.The study recommends more studies on the origins and true meaning of philosophy;particularly,looking at Genesis 50:1,Hebrew“Phiolyoseph”which means,“worthless and helpless human knowledge”,while Genesis 48:11,Hebrew“Philalyoseph means,“I thought(I will not see)you again(yoseph=Joseph).If we go to the Septuagint Greek Old Testament Genesis 37:3-4,the Greek“Phileo-Yoseph”means“(Israel),loved Joseph”.The same Septuagint transliterated Daniel 1:20,Hebrew“Haheretumim and“Ha(philah)shaphim”,as Sophoi and Philosophoi,i.e.,magicians and wizards.The study has also included Hebrew O.T.words or dictionary which produced the word“philosophy”. 展开更多
关键词 PHILOSOPHY LOVE wisdom phalashapha false PROPHET
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Wisdom and Geology, the North German Basin, and the Significance of Thrown Dices
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作者 Heinz-Jürgen Brink 《International Journal of Geosciences》 CAS 2023年第1期150-186,共37页
For thousands of years, mankind is observing the surrounding nature. Often, they found no obvious clues for inexplicable and complex facts, leading to the belief that their wisdom was limited. This is in the majority ... For thousands of years, mankind is observing the surrounding nature. Often, they found no obvious clues for inexplicable and complex facts, leading to the belief that their wisdom was limited. This is in the majority of cases still true today, but based on hundreds of years of (geo-) scientific work some older thoughts can now be readjusted by combining newer geological, environmental, historical and philosophical clues. Facts about the development of the North German Basin are used to demonstrate the variability of geological systems and how these can be described by taking dice as a metaphor for ruling geological parameters. This includes all kinds of plate tectonically controlled basin forming processes, especially metamorphism of the lower crust due to a fixed mantle plume, basin filling processes with their galactic and lunar overprints, basin modifying tectonics due to internal (halokinesis, inversion) or external forces (one-sided loads at the surface due to mighty Delta sediments or glacial ice sheets) and geochemical reactions as a result of pressure and temperature changes in course of subsidence. Especially, the Rotliegend (Lower Permian) Gas Play is one of the possible illustrations of the entity of the North German Basin with its more than 70 - 90 independent parameters belonging to a global set of very complex hydrocarbon systems. Processes on Earth like the formation of systems of hydrocarbon fields as well as environmental systems (e.g. river systems, lakes, islands, sedimentary basins) are subordinated to the dices of nature and are steered invisibly by a selection of rules of the game that one understands as natural laws. The facts and remaining uncertainties as well as problems with subsurface-related processes (e.g. manmade tectonics, subsidence and uplift) guide the thoughts of engaged individuals on how to proceed wisely with limited predictability of challenges and dangers of a subsurface system. This work will be a trial to associate once more the natural sciences (geology) and the humanities (philosophy) for the benefit of both. 展开更多
关键词 North German Basin Subsurface Problems Geological Parameters wisdom THOUGHTS Dices
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The Wisdom in the Apology of Plato
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作者 Carlos R. Gutierrez Rueda 《Journal of Philosophy Study》 2017年第1期39-43,共5页
The concept of "wisdom" which Plato elaborates in his Apology is analyzed here. In doing so, we describe how Socrates, once declared by the Oracle to be "the wisest man," starts to analyze what wisdom actually mea... The concept of "wisdom" which Plato elaborates in his Apology is analyzed here. In doing so, we describe how Socrates, once declared by the Oracle to be "the wisest man," starts to analyze what wisdom actually means. In trying to contradict the Oracle, Socrates mixes with different social groups including politicians, poets, and artisans. He discovers that none of them possess a real understanding or awareness of what wisdom actually is. Thus, Socrates concludes that he must be the wisest man because, "he knows that he does not know." This ignorantia docta is a type of humanistic knowledge 展开更多
关键词 SOCRATES wisdom ORACLE ignorantia docta wise man
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Local Wisdom-Based Character Education Model in Elementary School in Bantu1 Yogyakarta Indonesia
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作者 Rukiyati Sugiyo L. Andriani Purwastuti 《Sino-US English Teaching》 2017年第5期299-308,共10页
This study aimed at developing the integrated character education model based on local wisdom in elementary schools in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The method used was the model proposed by Borg and Gall. This resea... This study aimed at developing the integrated character education model based on local wisdom in elementary schools in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The method used was the model proposed by Borg and Gall. This research has been in 7th step of 10 steps. The data were collected through Focused-Group Discussion (FGD), questionnaire distribution, and observation. The data were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. The data then were validated by using content validation. Meanwhile, the qualitative data were validated through triangulation. The model consists of three main topics: (1) batik making on pottery piggie banks which integrates creativity, determination, and responsibility; (2) traditional song called "Cublak-cublak Suweng" integrating knowledge loving value, honesty, and responsibility; and (3) traditional game and song "Gundhul-gnndhul Pacul" integrating some values such as modesty, carefulness, and cooperation. This research needs to be continued to the next step, namely: field testing, finishing, deissemination, and implementation. 展开更多
关键词 character education local wisdom elementary school
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