Power-to-methane(P2M)processes,by converting electricity from renewable energy to H2and then into other high value-added and energy-intense chemicals in the presence of active catalysts,have become an effective soluti...Power-to-methane(P2M)processes,by converting electricity from renewable energy to H2and then into other high value-added and energy-intense chemicals in the presence of active catalysts,have become an effective solution for energy storage.However,the fluctuating electricity from intermittent renewable energy leads to a dynamic composition of reactants for downstream methanation,which requires an excellent heterogeneous catalyst to withstand the harsh conditions.Based on these findings,the objective of this review is to classify the fundamentals and status of CO/CO_(2)methanation and identify the pathways in the presence of various catalysts for methane production.In addition,this review sheds insight into the future development and challenges of CO_(2)or CO methanation,including the deactivation mechanisms and catalyst performance under dynamically harsh conditions.Finally,we elaborated on the advantages and development prospects of P2M,and then we summarized the current stage and ongoing industrialization projects of P2M.展开更多
Ni-based catalysts are widely investigated non-noble metal-based systems for CO_(2)methanation.However,their industrial application is still limited due to lower activity at low-temperature and catalyst deactivation.I...Ni-based catalysts are widely investigated non-noble metal-based systems for CO_(2)methanation.However,their industrial application is still limited due to lower activity at low-temperature and catalyst deactivation.Incorporating a second metal such as Ru and Fe is considered as a successful strategy to overcome these challenges through alloy formation or the synergies provided by the interplay of two adjacent metallic sites.Nonetheless,their promotional effect on the CO_(2)methanation mechanism under similar conditions has not been reported yet.In this work,Fe and Ru-promoted Ni/ZrO_(2)catalysts were investigated to evaluate their promotional effect on the mechanism.The Ni/Fe ratio was first optimized and a CO_(2)conversion rate of 37.7 mmolCO_(2)/(molNi+Fes)and 96.3%CH^(4)selectivity was obtained over the Ni_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)/ZrO_(2)catalyst.In comparison with Ni_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)/ZrO_(2),Ni_(0.8)Ru_(0.2)/ZrO_(2)prepared with the same composition showed higher activity and stability in CO_(2)methanation.Characterization results indicate alloys formation and H spillover for Ni_(0.8)Ru_(0.2)/ZrO_(2)to be responsible for promotion.Besides,in situ DRIFTS studies evidenced the occurrence of both CO_(2)dissociative and associative pathways over Ni_(0.8)Ru_(0.2)/ZrO_(2)catalyst,while solely the CO_(2)associative pathway occurred for Ni_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)/ZrO_(2)展开更多
TPPR and XPS characterizations were combined to study the reaction mechanism of CO2reforming of methane to syngas over Co/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. CH4 shows a tendency to form surface carbons by deep dissociation at high t...TPPR and XPS characterizations were combined to study the reaction mechanism of CO2reforming of methane to syngas over Co/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. CH4 shows a tendency to form surface carbons by deep dissociation at high temperatures. CO2 dissociation reaction also occurs at >673K. It is believed that carbide carbons are active species to generate CO by rcacting with o atoms dissociated from CO2. In the reaction,Co(0) particles are responsible for dissociating CH4 to form active C. abstracting an O atom from CO2 molecule, and transferring O atom to C to form CO.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0405602)the Hefei Science Center,CAS(2020HSC-KPRD001,2021HSC-UE005)the DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS(DNL202005)。
文摘Power-to-methane(P2M)processes,by converting electricity from renewable energy to H2and then into other high value-added and energy-intense chemicals in the presence of active catalysts,have become an effective solution for energy storage.However,the fluctuating electricity from intermittent renewable energy leads to a dynamic composition of reactants for downstream methanation,which requires an excellent heterogeneous catalyst to withstand the harsh conditions.Based on these findings,the objective of this review is to classify the fundamentals and status of CO/CO_(2)methanation and identify the pathways in the presence of various catalysts for methane production.In addition,this review sheds insight into the future development and challenges of CO_(2)or CO methanation,including the deactivation mechanisms and catalyst performance under dynamically harsh conditions.Finally,we elaborated on the advantages and development prospects of P2M,and then we summarized the current stage and ongoing industrialization projects of P2M.
基金supported by JARA-Energy(Seed Fund–JARAENERGY MF 005-17 and the joined project“value chains based on CO_(2)”)the Cluster of Excellence Fuel Science Center(EXC 2186,ID:390919832),which is funded by the Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments to promote science and research at German universities+1 种基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0405602)China Scholarship Council(201806420028)。
文摘Ni-based catalysts are widely investigated non-noble metal-based systems for CO_(2)methanation.However,their industrial application is still limited due to lower activity at low-temperature and catalyst deactivation.Incorporating a second metal such as Ru and Fe is considered as a successful strategy to overcome these challenges through alloy formation or the synergies provided by the interplay of two adjacent metallic sites.Nonetheless,their promotional effect on the CO_(2)methanation mechanism under similar conditions has not been reported yet.In this work,Fe and Ru-promoted Ni/ZrO_(2)catalysts were investigated to evaluate their promotional effect on the mechanism.The Ni/Fe ratio was first optimized and a CO_(2)conversion rate of 37.7 mmolCO_(2)/(molNi+Fes)and 96.3%CH^(4)selectivity was obtained over the Ni_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)/ZrO_(2)catalyst.In comparison with Ni_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)/ZrO_(2),Ni_(0.8)Ru_(0.2)/ZrO_(2)prepared with the same composition showed higher activity and stability in CO_(2)methanation.Characterization results indicate alloys formation and H spillover for Ni_(0.8)Ru_(0.2)/ZrO_(2)to be responsible for promotion.Besides,in situ DRIFTS studies evidenced the occurrence of both CO_(2)dissociative and associative pathways over Ni_(0.8)Ru_(0.2)/ZrO_(2)catalyst,while solely the CO_(2)associative pathway occurred for Ni_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)/ZrO_(2)
文摘TPPR and XPS characterizations were combined to study the reaction mechanism of CO2reforming of methane to syngas over Co/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. CH4 shows a tendency to form surface carbons by deep dissociation at high temperatures. CO2 dissociation reaction also occurs at >673K. It is believed that carbide carbons are active species to generate CO by rcacting with o atoms dissociated from CO2. In the reaction,Co(0) particles are responsible for dissociating CH4 to form active C. abstracting an O atom from CO2 molecule, and transferring O atom to C to form CO.
