The development of superconducting joining technology for reacted magnesium diboride(MgB_(2))conductors remains a critical challenge for the advancement of cryogen-free MgB_(2)-based magnets for magnetic resonance ima...The development of superconducting joining technology for reacted magnesium diboride(MgB_(2))conductors remains a critical challenge for the advancement of cryogen-free MgB_(2)-based magnets for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Herein,the fabrication of superconducting joints using reacted carbon-doped multifilament MgB_(2)wires for MRI magnets is reported.To achieve successful superconducting joints,the powder-in-mold method was employed,which involved tuning the filament protection mechanism,the powder compaction pressure,and the heat treatment condition.The fabricated joints demonstrated clear superconducting-to-normal transitions in self-field,with effective magnetic field screening up to 0.5 T at 20 K.To evaluate the interface between one of the MgB_(2)filaments and the MgB_(2)bulk within the joint,serial sectioning was conducted for the first time in this type of superconducting joint.The serial sectioning revealed space formation at the interface,potentially caused by the volume shrinkage associated with the MgB_(2)formation or the combined effect of the volume shrinkage and the different thermal expansion coefficients of the MgB_(2)bulk,the filament,the mold,and the sealing material.These findings are expected to be pivotal in developing MgB_(2)superconducting joining technology for MRI magnet applications through interface engineering.展开更多
直接焚烧核燃料后处理过程中产生的磷酸三丁酯(TBP)和煤油(OK)有机废液会产生磷酸,会对设备造成一定程度的腐蚀,因此在采用热解焚烧工艺处理该废液时,需掺入合适比例的中和剂和表面活性剂等添加剂,将废液配制成均匀稳定的悬浮液。中和...直接焚烧核燃料后处理过程中产生的磷酸三丁酯(TBP)和煤油(OK)有机废液会产生磷酸,会对设备造成一定程度的腐蚀,因此在采用热解焚烧工艺处理该废液时,需掺入合适比例的中和剂和表面活性剂等添加剂,将废液配制成均匀稳定的悬浮液。中和剂在热解过程中可以固定P2O5,避免磷酸生成后对设备的腐蚀。本文通过不同单因素实验研究以Ca(OH)_(2)和Mg(OH)_(2)为中和剂对配制成的TBP/OK悬浮液性能的影响,为后处理厂热解焚烧系统提供新的悬浮液配方思路。试验结果显示:当TBP含量为30%和60%时,Mg(OH)_(2)在相同TBP含量下配制成的悬浮液的最终表面黏度远大于Ca(OH)_(2),Mg(OH)_(2)和Ca(OH)_(2)在30%TBP时的最终表面黏度分别为90.36 m Pa·s和43.42 mPa·s,在60%TBP时的最终表面黏度分别为95.24 m Pa·s和75.09 m Pa·s,同时Mg(OH)_(2)的乳化速度明显优于Ca(OH)_(2),并具有更好的流动性。以Mg(OH)_(2)为中和剂的悬浮液在不同核素和DBP含量下整体稳定性更好。展开更多
The hydrolysis of MgH_(2) delivers high hydrogen capacity(15.2 wt%),which is very attractive for real-time hydrogen supply.However,the formation of a surface passivation Mg(OH)_(2) layer and the large excess of H_(2)O...The hydrolysis of MgH_(2) delivers high hydrogen capacity(15.2 wt%),which is very attractive for real-time hydrogen supply.However,the formation of a surface passivation Mg(OH)_(2) layer and the large excess of H_(2)O required to ensure complete hydrolysis are two key challenges for the MgH_(2) hydrolysis systems.Now,a low-cost method is reported to synthesize MgH_(2)@Mg(BH_(4))_(2) composite via ball-milling MgH_(2) with cheap and widely available B_(2)O_(3)(or B(OH)_(3)).By adding small amounts of B_(2)O_(3),the in-situ formed Mg(BH_(4))_(2) could significantly promote the hydrolysis of MgH_(2).In particular,the MgH_(2)–10 wt%B_(2)O_(3) composite releases 1330.7 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(close to 80%theoretical hydrogen generation H_(2))in H_(2)O and 1520.4 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(about 95%)in 0.5 M MgCl_(2) in 60 min at 26℃ with hydrolysis rate of 736.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) and 960.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) H_(2) during the first minute of the hydrolysis,respectively.In addition,the MgCl_(2) solution allows repeated use by filtering and exhibits high cycle stability(20 cycles),therefore leading to much reduced capacity loss caused by the excess H_(2)O.We show that by introducing B_(2)O_(3) and recycling the 0.5 M MgCl_(2) solution,the system hydrogen capacity can approach 5.9 wt%,providing a promising hydrogen generation scheme to supply hydrogen to the fuel cells.展开更多
The electrochemical behaviors and coupling behaviors of the Mg2Si and Si phases with α（Al） were investigated, the corrosion morphologies of Al alloys containing Mg2Si and Si particles were observed, and the corrosi...The electrochemical behaviors and coupling behaviors of the Mg2Si and Si phases with α（Al） were investigated, the corrosion morphologies of Al alloys containing Mg2Si and Si particles were observed, and the corrosion mechanism associated with them in Al-Mg-Si alloys was advanced. The results show that Si particle is always cathodic to the alloy base, Mg2Si is anodic to the alloy base and corrosion occurs on its surface at the beginning. However, during its corrosion process, the preferential dissolution of Mg and the enrichment of Si make Mg2Si transform to cathode from anode, leading to the anodic dissolution and corrosion of the alloy base at its adjacent periphery at a later stage. As the mole ratio of Mg to Si in an Al-Mg-Si alloy is less than 1.73, it contains Mg2Si and Si particles simultaneously in the grain boundary area, and corrosion initiates on the Mg2Si surface and the precipitate-free zone （PFZ） at the adjacent periphery of Si particle. As corrosion time is extended, Si particle leads to severe anodic dissolution and corrosion of the PFZ at its adjacent periphery, expedites the polarity transformation between Mg2Si and the PFZ and accelerates the corrosion of PFZ at the adjacent periphery of Mg2Si particle.展开更多
The nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg2Ni-type alloys with a chemical composition of （Mg24Ni10Cu2）100-xNdx （x=0, 5, 10, 15, 20） were fabricated by melt spinning technology. The effects of spinning rate on the struct...The nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg2Ni-type alloys with a chemical composition of （Mg24Ni10Cu2）100-xNdx （x=0, 5, 10, 15, 20） were fabricated by melt spinning technology. The effects of spinning rate on the structure and electrochemical hydrogen storage performance of the alloys were investigated. The as-spun Nd-free alloy displays an entire nanocrystalline structure, whereas the as-spun Nd-added alloys hold a nanocrystalline and amorphous structure, suggesting that the addition of Nd facilitates the glass forming of the Mg2Ni-type alloys. Increasing the spinning rate from 0 to 40 m/s gives rise to the discharge capacity growing from 42.5 to 100.6 mA·h/g for the x=0 alloy and from 86.4 to 452.8 mA·h/g for the x=10 alloy. And the cycle stability （S20） rises from 40.2%to 41.1%for the x=0 alloy and from 53.2%to 89.7%for the x=10 alloy, respectively.展开更多
基金the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)KAKENHI Grant Number JP18F18714Cryogenic Station,Research Network and Facility Services Division,National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS),Japansupported by the ARC Linkage Project(LP200200689)。
文摘The development of superconducting joining technology for reacted magnesium diboride(MgB_(2))conductors remains a critical challenge for the advancement of cryogen-free MgB_(2)-based magnets for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Herein,the fabrication of superconducting joints using reacted carbon-doped multifilament MgB_(2)wires for MRI magnets is reported.To achieve successful superconducting joints,the powder-in-mold method was employed,which involved tuning the filament protection mechanism,the powder compaction pressure,and the heat treatment condition.The fabricated joints demonstrated clear superconducting-to-normal transitions in self-field,with effective magnetic field screening up to 0.5 T at 20 K.To evaluate the interface between one of the MgB_(2)filaments and the MgB_(2)bulk within the joint,serial sectioning was conducted for the first time in this type of superconducting joint.The serial sectioning revealed space formation at the interface,potentially caused by the volume shrinkage associated with the MgB_(2)formation or the combined effect of the volume shrinkage and the different thermal expansion coefficients of the MgB_(2)bulk,the filament,the mold,and the sealing material.These findings are expected to be pivotal in developing MgB_(2)superconducting joining technology for MRI magnet applications through interface engineering.
文摘直接焚烧核燃料后处理过程中产生的磷酸三丁酯(TBP)和煤油(OK)有机废液会产生磷酸,会对设备造成一定程度的腐蚀,因此在采用热解焚烧工艺处理该废液时,需掺入合适比例的中和剂和表面活性剂等添加剂,将废液配制成均匀稳定的悬浮液。中和剂在热解过程中可以固定P2O5,避免磷酸生成后对设备的腐蚀。本文通过不同单因素实验研究以Ca(OH)_(2)和Mg(OH)_(2)为中和剂对配制成的TBP/OK悬浮液性能的影响,为后处理厂热解焚烧系统提供新的悬浮液配方思路。试验结果显示:当TBP含量为30%和60%时,Mg(OH)_(2)在相同TBP含量下配制成的悬浮液的最终表面黏度远大于Ca(OH)_(2),Mg(OH)_(2)和Ca(OH)_(2)在30%TBP时的最终表面黏度分别为90.36 m Pa·s和43.42 mPa·s,在60%TBP时的最终表面黏度分别为95.24 m Pa·s和75.09 m Pa·s,同时Mg(OH)_(2)的乳化速度明显优于Ca(OH)_(2),并具有更好的流动性。以Mg(OH)_(2)为中和剂的悬浮液在不同核素和DBP含量下整体稳定性更好。
基金supported by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2022A1515011832 and 2021A1515110676)supported by GDAS’Project of Science and Technology Development(2022GDASZH-2022010104,2022GDASZH-2022030604-04).
文摘The hydrolysis of MgH_(2) delivers high hydrogen capacity(15.2 wt%),which is very attractive for real-time hydrogen supply.However,the formation of a surface passivation Mg(OH)_(2) layer and the large excess of H_(2)O required to ensure complete hydrolysis are two key challenges for the MgH_(2) hydrolysis systems.Now,a low-cost method is reported to synthesize MgH_(2)@Mg(BH_(4))_(2) composite via ball-milling MgH_(2) with cheap and widely available B_(2)O_(3)(or B(OH)_(3)).By adding small amounts of B_(2)O_(3),the in-situ formed Mg(BH_(4))_(2) could significantly promote the hydrolysis of MgH_(2).In particular,the MgH_(2)–10 wt%B_(2)O_(3) composite releases 1330.7 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(close to 80%theoretical hydrogen generation H_(2))in H_(2)O and 1520.4 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(about 95%)in 0.5 M MgCl_(2) in 60 min at 26℃ with hydrolysis rate of 736.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) and 960.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) H_(2) during the first minute of the hydrolysis,respectively.In addition,the MgCl_(2) solution allows repeated use by filtering and exhibits high cycle stability(20 cycles),therefore leading to much reduced capacity loss caused by the excess H_(2)O.We show that by introducing B_(2)O_(3) and recycling the 0.5 M MgCl_(2) solution,the system hydrogen capacity can approach 5.9 wt%,providing a promising hydrogen generation scheme to supply hydrogen to the fuel cells.
基金Project (21073162) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (2008) supported by the Scientific and Technological Projects of Ningxia, China+1 种基金Project (08JC1421600) supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, ChinaProject (2008AZ2018) supported by the Science and Technology Bureau of Jiaxing City, China
文摘The electrochemical behaviors and coupling behaviors of the Mg2Si and Si phases with α（Al） were investigated, the corrosion morphologies of Al alloys containing Mg2Si and Si particles were observed, and the corrosion mechanism associated with them in Al-Mg-Si alloys was advanced. The results show that Si particle is always cathodic to the alloy base, Mg2Si is anodic to the alloy base and corrosion occurs on its surface at the beginning. However, during its corrosion process, the preferential dissolution of Mg and the enrichment of Si make Mg2Si transform to cathode from anode, leading to the anodic dissolution and corrosion of the alloy base at its adjacent periphery at a later stage. As the mole ratio of Mg to Si in an Al-Mg-Si alloy is less than 1.73, it contains Mg2Si and Si particles simultaneously in the grain boundary area, and corrosion initiates on the Mg2Si surface and the precipitate-free zone （PFZ） at the adjacent periphery of Si particle. As corrosion time is extended, Si particle leads to severe anodic dissolution and corrosion of the PFZ at its adjacent periphery, expedites the polarity transformation between Mg2Si and the PFZ and accelerates the corrosion of PFZ at the adjacent periphery of Mg2Si particle.
基金Projects (51161015,51371094) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (2011ZD10) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia,China
文摘The nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg2Ni-type alloys with a chemical composition of （Mg24Ni10Cu2）100-xNdx （x=0, 5, 10, 15, 20） were fabricated by melt spinning technology. The effects of spinning rate on the structure and electrochemical hydrogen storage performance of the alloys were investigated. The as-spun Nd-free alloy displays an entire nanocrystalline structure, whereas the as-spun Nd-added alloys hold a nanocrystalline and amorphous structure, suggesting that the addition of Nd facilitates the glass forming of the Mg2Ni-type alloys. Increasing the spinning rate from 0 to 40 m/s gives rise to the discharge capacity growing from 42.5 to 100.6 mA·h/g for the x=0 alloy and from 86.4 to 452.8 mA·h/g for the x=10 alloy. And the cycle stability （S20） rises from 40.2%to 41.1%for the x=0 alloy and from 53.2%to 89.7%for the x=10 alloy, respectively.
