Recent progress on fabrication, spectroscopy properties, and device applications in Sn-doped CdS micro-nano structures

One-dimensional semiconductor materials possess excellent photoelectric properties and potential for the construction of integrated nanodevices. Among them, Sn-doped CdS has different micro-nano structures, including nanoribbons,nanowires, comb-like structures, and superlattices, with rich optical microcavity modes, excellent optical properties, and a wide range of application fields. This article reviews the research progress of various micrometer structures of Sn-doped CdS, systematically elaborates the effects of different growth conditions on the preparation of Sn-doped CdS micro-nano structures, as well as the spectral characteristics of these structures and their potential applications in certain fields. With the continuous progress of nanotechnology, it is expected that Sn-doped CdS micro-nano structures will achieve more breakthroughs in the field of optoelectronics and form cross-integration with other fields, jointly promoting scientific, technological, and social development.

Recent research progress from biological perspective on the mechanism of formation of osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament injury

The anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)mainly plays a role in stabilizing the knee joint by limiting the forward translation of tibial force and rotational force at the tibial joint,and if this ligament is damaged,it will cause joint pain,limited mobility,knee instability,etc.According to related studies,the incidence of traumatic osteoarthritis(PTOA)after ACL injury is as high as 87%,although many studies have shown that patients with ACL injury are susceptible to PTOA,but the exact mechanism is currently unknown.This may be related to biological,structural,and mechanical factors caused by the ligament injury.Previous studies have shown that elevated inflammatory mediators in the joint cavity following ACL injury can lead to chondrocytes necrosis and degradation of the cartilage matrix.These potential biochemical mediators contribute to PTOA formation,and early intervention can reduce future episodes of PTOA.In recent years,many scholars have devoted themselves to studying the potential important factors and signaling pathways involved in the formation of osteoarthritis after ACL injury,and exploring its molecular mechanism,which has led to great progress in this field.This paper mainly studies and discusses the mechanism of osteoarthritis formation after ACL injury from the biological perspective.

新加坡生物学主流教材习题的特征探析及启示--以《Biology Matters》为例

以新加坡Biology Matters生物学教材习题为研究对象,分析得出其具有“绘图作答,提高学生形象思维能力”,“情境多样,注重学生对现象的解释”,“联系生活,强调知识解决实际问题”,“探讨伦理,引导学生承担社会责任”“分层设问,培养学生思维的逻辑性”等特征,希望对我国生物学测评试题的命制具有一定的启示意义。

Current dichotomy between traditional molecular biological and omic research in cancer biology and pharmacology

There is currently a split within the cancer research community between traditional molecular biological hypothesis-driven and the more recent "omic" forms or research. While the molecular biological approach employs the tried and true single alteration-single response formulations of experimentation,the omic employs broad-based assay or sample collection approaches that generate large volumes of data. How to integrate the benefits of these two approaches in an efficient and productive fashion remains an outstanding issue. Ideally,one would merge the understandability,exactness,simplicity,and testability of the molecular biological approach,with the larger amounts of data,simultaneous consideration of multiple alterations,consideration of genes both of known interest along with the novel,cross-sample comparisons among cell lines and patient samples,and consideration of directed questions while simultaneously gaining exposure to the novel provided by the omic approach. While at the current time integration of the two disciplines remains problematic,attempts to do so are ongoing,and will be necessary for the understanding of the large cell line screens including the Developmental Therapeutics Program's NCI-60,the Broad Institute's Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia,and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute's Cancer Genome Project,as well as the the Cancer Genome Atlas clinical samples project. Going forward there is significant benefit to be had from the integration of the molecular biological and the omic forms or research,with the desired goal being improved translational understanding and application.

Current advances of biocontainment strategy in synthetic biology

Synthetic biotechnology has led to the widespread application of genetically modified organisms(GMOs)in biochemistry, bioenergy, and therapy. However, the uncontrolled spread of GMOs may lead to genetic contamination by horizontal gene transfer, resulting in unpredictable biosafety risks. To deal with these challenges, many effective methods have been developed for biocontainment. In this article, we summarize and discuss recent advances in biocontainment strategies from three aspects: DNA replication, transcriptional regulation, and protein translation. We also briefly introduce the efforts in the biocontainment convention, such as the recent publication of the Tianjin Biosecurity Guidelines for the Code of Conduct for Scientists.

Network biology:A promising approach for drug target identification against neurodevelopmental disorders

Biological entities are involved in complicated and complex connections;hence,discovering biological information using network biology ideas is critical.In the past few years,network biology has emerged as an integrative and systems-level approach for understanding and interpreting these complex interactions.Biological network analysis is one method for reducing enormous data sets to clinically useful knowledge for disease diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment.The network of biological entities can help us predict drug targets for several diseases.The drug targets identified through the systems biology approach help in targeting the essential biological pathways that contribute to the progression and development of the disease.The novel strategical approach of system biologyassisted pharmacology coupled with computer-aided drug discovery(CADD)can help drugs fight multifactorial diseases efficiently.In the present review,we have summarized the role and application of network biology for not only unfolding the mechanism of complex neurodevelopmental disorders but also identifying important drug targets for diseases like ADHD,Autism,Epilepsy,and Intellectual Disability.Systems biology has emerged as a promising approach to identifying drug targets and aiming for targeted drug discovery for the precise treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Pollination Biology of the Endangered Herbal Medicines Dendrobium chrysotoxum(Orchidaceae)

Pollination biology studies of the endangered herbal medicines Dendrobium chrysotoxum were conducted in natural pollination conditions using flower observation,pollinator observation and artificial pollination experiments.Populations of D.chrysotoxum with fragrance and nectar were pollinated by Ctenoplectra davidi Valhalla(Hymenoptera:Apidae)species.The floral structure of D.chrysotoxum adapted precisely to its pollinators.Flowers had a low capsule setting(0.17%)under natural conditions.However,compared to open pollination,artificial pollination experiments showed a significant increase in capsule setting,and D.chrysotoxum was cross-compatible and self-compatible,but there was pollinator limitation also.This study will provide important information for the preservation of this endangered species.

Advances in Basic Theory Research of Mongolian Medicine and Prospects of Its Combination with Systems Biology Research

This paper sorted out the relevant literature on the basic theory of Mongolian medicine,explored the research methods and ideas of the basic theory of Mongolian medicine,and elaborated the idea of combining systems biology to study part of the basic theory of Mongolian medicine.Through searching classic works and research papers in academic journals,this paper sorted out and summarized the research progress of the basic theory of Mongolian medicine and the existing problems in the current research,analyzed its characteristics,combined with systems biology methods to systematically explain some content in the basic theory,reveal its scientific connotation,and provide a basis for further research.

Application of Molecular Biology Technology in Identification of Modern Mongolian Medicine

The application of molecular biology technology in the identification and quality control of Mongolian medicine is increasing gradually,and it provides a new method for identifying fake and inferior products and confused products of Mongolian medicine.In this paper,the application and prospect of molecular biology technology(such as DNA barcoding and PCR molecular identification technique)in the identification of crude Mongolian medicine were reviewed.

Synergistic Treatment of Low-concentration Organic Waste Gas by Micro-nano Bubble Coordinated with Peroxymonosulfate

Continuous dynamic experiment was conducted for the treatment of low-concentration organic waste gas with xylene as a representative, using micro-nano bubble and peroxymonosulfate working in synergy. The degradation rule of xylene under different conditions such as the ORP value of the spray liquid, pH value of the spray liquid, liquid-gas ratio of the spray liquid, residence time of xylene, and initial concentration of xylene was investigated. The results showed that at a low concentration, the pH value of the spray liquid had little effect on the degradation rate of xylene. The degradation rate of xylene rose with the increase of the ORP value of the spray liquid, the liquid-gas ratio of the spray liquid, the residence time of xylene, and the initial concentration of xylene.

Discussion on the Infiltration of Experiential Career Education Concept in Biology Teaching in Senior High Schools

Based on the implementation of the new college entrance examination reform policy and the demand of related policies,the choice of subjects for high school students has shifted from the traditional relatively single model of arts and sciences division to the"3+3"model,and the topic of"how to infiltrate the concept of career education in the teaching process of senior high schools"has become increasingly important.However,at present,the implementation of career education in senior high schools is frequently limited,mainly in the form of class meetings,which instills the concept of career education to students.Therefore,the implementation effect is often not satisfactory.Therefore,experiential learning,a novel and efficient learning method,has entered public's view.Based on relevant research literature at home and abroad,we started with the importance and urgency of implementing career education in high schools,and generally reviewed the research status and future development trends of experiential career education both domestically and internationally.The practical and theoretical significance of the research were explained,and relevant concepts were summarized.Finally,strategic suggestions were proposed for integrating experiential career education concepts into biology teaching in ordinary high schools in China.

Reform and Exploration of Integrating"Service Learning"into the Teaching of Pathogenic Biology of Aquatic Animals to Help Rural Revitalization

This paper intends to combine the development trend of the subject,restructure and optimize the course content,and construct the service learning model of Pathogenic Biology of Aquatic Animals for postgraduates.At the same time,through service practice,it is needed to further consolidate curriculum knowledge and skills,stimulate the learning initiative and enthusiasm of postgraduates,expand professional knowledge,improve professional quality,and lay a solid foundation for serving the national rural revitalization strategy in the future.

Computational biology in topical bioactive peptide discovery for cosmeceutical application:a concise review

Regenerative medicine and anti-aging research have made great strides at the molecular and cellular levels in dermatology and the medical aesthetic field,targeting potential treatments with skin therapeutic and intervention pathways,which make it possible to develop effective skin regeneration and repair ingredients.With the rapid development of computational biology,bioinformatics as well as artificial intelligence(A.I.),the development of new ingredients for regenerative medicine has been greatly accelerated,and the success rate has been improved.Some application cases have appeared in topical skin regeneration and repair scenarios.This review will briefly introduce the application of bioactive peptides in skin repair and anti-aging as emerging ingredients in cosmeceutics and emphasize how A.I.based computational biology technology may accelerate the development of innovative peptide molecules and ultimately translate them into potential skin regenerative and anti-aging scenarios.Typically,two research routines have been summarized and current limitations as well as directions were discussed for border applications in future research.

基于产业视角的合成生物学发展态势研究

近年来,受技术突破、政策支持、产业和资本跟进等因素驱动,合成生物学迅速从实验室走向市场,迎来产业化发展的关键时期。本文梳理了2020年以来国内外相关战略规划、政策法规、市场动态、商业合作和金融投资等信息,从产业视角对合成生物学发展态势进行分析。政府方面,合成生物学成为各国生物经济战略中的关键引擎,应用于医药、化工、材料、农业、食品等关联行业的技术路线和规划目标进一步清晰,支持新技术新产品商业化的监管机制不断优化,技术管控和科技安全问题受到关注。市场方面,基于合成生物学的实用成果相继迎来商业化“里程碑”,合成生物企业与传统制造企业“双向奔赴”、协同合作日益紧密,市场投资保持信心并趋于商业理性,有利产业发展的健康生态正加快完善。为加快推动我国合成生物学产业发展,建议进一步研究制定关键领域技术路线,支持底层使能技术、产业核心关键技术与核心装备攻关,推动重点行业应用示范,增强先进生物制造设施、数据资源等能力建设,鼓励各方共建有利合成生物产业化发展的产业生态。

桃采后品质劣变生物学及调控技术研究进展

桃常温放置易腐烂变质,长期的低温冷藏易导致果肉褐变、风味丧失、抗病性降低、有害物质积累等,是桃产业链的关键性采后问题。前人研究表明,采后品质劣变症状及相关代谢酶、蛋白、基因对果实衰老和调控技术表现出应答差异性,为了解研究概况,笔者对采后品质劣变生物学、调控技术、技术和产品的产业化应用等方面的研究进展进行归纳和分析。目前,采后品质劣变生物学主要局限于质地、内在品质和冷害及相关基因的挖掘和验证,调控技术虽然被广泛研究,但仍未解决长期冷藏导致的果实抗病性降低、风味丧失和货架期缩短的问题。建议后续基于多组学技术,从超微结构、糖和能量、挥发性物质、内源激素、采后冷害和病害及基因甲基化等方面进行机制解析,重点从冷链物流体系和抗病防御系统的建立、保鲜剂的研发及配套技术、终端货架和外源激素破休眠技术等方面开展研究。

长江流域青海区域水生生物完整性评价

依据《长江流域水生生物完整性指数评价办法(试行)》的要求和指标,通过梳理历史记录和文献,厘清了长江流域青海区域水生生物完整性评价的基准值;于2022年开展全面系统地野外调查,并对研究区域的水生生物完整性进行了评价。结果显示:长江流域青海区域鱼类种类基准值为20种,鱼类种类现状值为19种;长江在青海省境内的长江源河段、大渡河源河段,以及长江流域青海区域整体的水生生物完整性得分分别为88.22,82.67分和81.56分,完整性等级均为“良”。其中,长江源河段历史有记录以来的15种鱼类在此次调查中均被发现,反映长江源流域水生生物群落受人类干扰较少,重点保护物种完整。研究区域鱼类栖息地生境良好,但主要制约完整性的因素是水电站对河流的阻隔、外来物种入侵和关键物种川陕哲罗鲑的缺失。研究结果可为全面评估长江水生态完整性提供青海区域的基础数据,还可为科学评估长江十年禁捕成效、针对性开展水域生态修复提供科学依据。

一流专业建设背景下生物类本科实验教学的创新改革与探索--以湖南农业大学为例

依据国家“一流专业”的建设要求和创新创业型卓越农业人才的培养目标,从实验课程体系建设、实验教学平台建设、实验教学队伍建设、管理模式四个方面实施改革创新,为生物科学技术学院建设国家级及省级一流专业的实验教学提供有力支撑。

自噬流的诱导与检测综合性实验的设计与实践

将国际前沿理论和技术拆解和提炼及时补充到实验教学中,是提高实验教学水平和人才培养质量的重要途径之一。该研究以科研成果为基础设计了“自噬流的诱导和检测”综合性实验,包含细胞传代培养、细胞转染、自噬诱导与观察3个部分,形成系统性、综合性和探究性的模块化实验教学内容,通过细胞培养、转染技术在细胞中表达双荧光标记自噬体标志蛋白,经饥饿诱导细胞,在荧光显微镜下观察自噬体和自噬流变化。在本科生实验教学中的实践结果表明,该实验有助于培养学生科研思维和创新意识、提升学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。

上海市栽培乐昌含笑开花及传粉生物学

【目的】研究我国南方珍稀观赏树种乐昌含笑的开花及传粉生物学研究,以阐明迁地保护下乐昌含笑的开花特性及繁育特性,为有效地保护和杂交育种提供技术指导。【方法】对乐昌含笑花的形态和开花动态进行了观察,通过TTC法进行花粉活力的测定,采用联苯胺-过氧化氢法测定柱头的可授性,估算花粉胚株比(P/O)和杂交指数(OCI),并通过人工控制授粉试验和传粉媒介观察,分析乐昌含笑繁育系统的类型。【结果】乐昌含笑花期从3月中下旬到4月上中旬,单花的开放时间为7~12天,单花具有二次开合现象;单株开放时间6~20天。乐昌含笑为雌雄异熟且雌蕊先熟,开花当天柱头可授性最强,开花第2天花粉的生活力最强;乐昌含笑的杂交指数(OCI)等于4,花粉胚株比(P/O)为557.18±46.23。套袋试验表明:乐昌含笑不能进行自发传粉和无融合生殖,人工异花授粉的结实率显著高于自然授粉。繁育系统为兼性异交、自交亲和、传粉过程需要传粉媒介。【结论】乐昌含笑花的形态、开花动态等表明其具有虫媒传粉的特征,二次开合现象把雌雄蕊的成熟从时间上分隔开来,保证其异花传粉,传粉过程需要传粉者。

生物学科技论文中常见的拉丁文及其规范使用

在撰写或编辑与生物学相关内容的科技论文时常会涉及到拉丁文来源的名称、短语、词汇及缩写,有些作者不甚了解这些拉丁文来源词汇、词语的中文意义及规范使用方法,鉴于此,对生物学科技论文中常出现的拉丁文进行了较为系统的总结,并说明了其规范使用方法。