An analysis method of injection and production dynamic transient flow in a gas field storage facility

A dynamic transient flow analysis method considering complex factors such as the cyclic injection and production history in a gas field storage facility was established in view of the limitations of the existing methods for transient flow analysis and the characteristics of the injection-production operation of strongly heterogeneous gas reservoirs, and the corresponding theoretical charts were drawn. In addition, an injection-production dynamic transient flow analysis model named "three points and two stages" suitable for an underground gas storage(UGS) well with alternate working conditions was proposed. The "three points" refer to three time points during cyclic injection and production, namely, the starting point of gas injection for UGS construction, the beginning and ending points of the injection-production analysis stage;and the "two stages" refer to historical flow stage and injection-production analysis stage. The study shows that the dimensionless pseudo-pressure and dimensionless pseudo-pressure integral curves of UGS well flex downward in the early stage of the injection and production process, and the dimensionless pseudo-pressure integral derivative curve is convex during the gas production period and concave during the gas injection period, and the curves under different flow histories have atypical features. The new method present in this paper can analyze transient flow of UGS accurately. The application of this method to typical wells in Hutubi gas storage shows that the new method can fit the pressure history accurately, and obtain reliable parameters and results.

The Current Situation and Development of Grain Storage Technologies and Facilities for Chinese Farmers

In China, the quantity of farmer＇s grain storage covers about 40% of the total grain yield every year. While, the losses of farms＇ grain storage are up to 8%, which is due to the lack of grain storage facility and technology. The losses of farmer＇s grain storage could reach nearly 20 million tons every year. In this paper, the current situation and development of grain storage technology and facility for Chinese farmers were presented. And a series of policy and research work for reducing the losses of farms＇ grain storage was introduced. The large scale farmers are now developing quickly in China, the new storage warehouse and mechanized facility should be developed adaptively. So, the new storage technology and policy to meet the need of large scale farmers were also introduced in this paper.

Reform Exploration for Safety Course System of Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Facilities

In recent years,the safety of oil and gas storage and transportation facilities has been paid more attention by the state and enterprises due to frequent accidents.The oil and gas storage and transportation facilities safety courses in China University of Petroleum(Beijing)includes“Engineering mechanics”,“Strength design of pipelines and tanks”and“Safety and integrity management of oil and gas storage and transportation facilities”.The three courses lack relevance and the teaching mode is too rigid,resulting in students losing their initiative in learning.If students can’t use the knowledge flexibly,it will affect the achievement of the objectives of the training program.Therefore,oil and gas storage and transportation facilities safety courses are reformed,training plans are adjusted and teaching methods are improved.The practice shows that the reform enriches the teaching content,improves the teaching quality,stimulates classroom activity and gets a good evaluation of students.The reform of safety courses has a certain significance for cultivating compound talents who have the ability to solve practical problems in engineering.

Deriving big geochemical data from high-resolution remote sensing data via machine learning:Application to a tailing storage facility in the Witwatersrand goldfields

Remote sensing data is a cheap form of surficial geoscientific data,and in terms of veracity,velocity and volume,can sometimes be considered big data.Its spatial and spectral resolution continues to improve over time,and some modern satellites,such as the Copernicus Programme’s Sentinel-2 remote sensing satellites,offer a spatial resolution of 10 m across many of their spectral bands.The abundance and quality of remote sensing data combined with accumulated primary geochemical data has provided an unprecedented opportunity to inferentially invert remote sensing data into geochemical data.The ability to derive geochemical data from remote sensing data would provide a form of secondary big geochemical data,which can be used for numerous downstream activities,particularly where data timeliness,volume and velocity are important.Major benefactors of secondary geochemical data would be environmental monitoring and applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in geochemistry,which currently entirely relies on manually derived data that is primarily guided by scientific reduction.Furthermore,it permits the usage of well-established data analysis techniques from geochemistry to remote sensing that allows useable insights to be extracted beyond those typically associated with strictly remote sensing data analysis.Currently,no generally applicable and systematic method to derive chemical elemental concentrations from large-scale remote sensing data have been documented in geosciences.In this paper,we demonstrate that fusing geostatistically-augmented geochemical and remote sensing data produces an abundance of data that enables a more generalized machine learning-based geochemical data generation.We use gold grade data from a South African tailing storage facility(TSF)and data from both the Landsat-8 and Sentinel remote sensing satellites.We show that various machine learning algorithms can be used given the abundance of training data.Consequently,we are able to produce a high resolution(10 m grid size)gold concentration map of the TSF,which demonstrates the potential of our method to be used to guide extraction planning,online resource exploration,environmental monitoring and resource estimation.

Influence of hysteretic stress path behavior on seal integrity during gas storage operation in a depleted reservoir

In this study,we numerically investigate the influence of hysteretic stress path behavior on the seal integrity during underground gas storage operations in a depleted reservoir.Our study area is the Honor Rancho Underground Storage Facility in Los Angeles County(California,USA),which was converted into an underground gas storage facility in 1975 after 20 years of oil and gas production.In our simulations,the geomechanical behavior of the sand reservoir is modeled using two models:(1)a linear elastic model(non-hysteretic stress path)that does not take into consideration irreversible deformation,and(2)a plastic cap mechanical model which considers changes in rock elastic properties due to irreversible deformations caused by plastic reservoir compaction(hysteretic stress path).It shows that the irreversible compaction of the geological layer over geologic time and during the reservoir depletion can have important consequences on stress tensor orientation and magnitude.Ignoring depletion-induced irreversible compaction can lead to an over-estimation of the calculation of the maximum working reservoir pressure.Moreover,this irreversible compaction may bring the nearby faults closer to reactivation.However,regardless of the two models applied,the geomechanical analysis shows that for the estimated stress conditions applied in this study,the Honor Rancho Underground Storage Facility is being safely operated at pressures much below what would be required to compromise the seal integrity.

Intra-beam scattering and beam lifetime in a candidate lattice of the soft X-ray diffraction-limited storage ring for the upgraded SSRF

New-generation synchrotron light sources are being designed and operated worldwide to provide brighter radiation by reducing the beam emittance to X-ray diffraction limits.Intra-beam scattering(IBS)and Touschek scattering in such facilities are significant and require attention because of their ultra-low emittance.Therefore,cure strategies need to be carefully studied to obtain highquality photon beams.For the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Upgrade(SSRF-U),a candidate lattice of the storage ring,reaching the soft X-ray diffraction limit,was designed and presented for the first time in this study.The emittance growth and beam lifetime in the SSRF-U storage ring were studied using particle simulations for a series of different machine configurations.The gains with RF frequencies of 100 MHz and 500 MHz were compared.Along with a better filling pattern,a more suitable RF frequency was adopted in the SSRF-U.The variations in the equilibrium beam emittance with beam coupling and bunch-lengthening were identified using simulations.Optimal beam coupling and required bunch-lengthening for the SSRF-U storage ring were thus determined.The fitness of the beam energy in the SSRF-U was subsequently assessed using the obtained parameters.Additionally,the Touschek scattering and beam lifetime were calculated,and an acceptable total beam lifetime was obtained.

Korean Academic Librarians’ Recognition of the High Density Book Storage System

Korean academic libraries are facing a serious space shortage problem due to the inability to uphold the rapidly increasing amount of printed materials despite having expanded the number of physical facilities. Data computerization has been considered as a solution to the issue, but deliberation for the High Density Book Storage System has been on the rise because of its impressive method of preserving printed materials in a realistic facility. Despite the different methods of print material storage, Korean academic libraries have largely focused on investing in the least efficient method of compact shelving to solve this issue. It is hypothesized that the misuse of funds on inefficient systems is occurring due to the lack of knowledge about the high-density book storage systems like the Harvard model. In order to propose a realistic solution to the academic library space shortage crisis on a logical basis, it is imperative that a study of academic librarians is conducted to investigate their knowledge on such efficient storage systems.

Traditional Arctic native fish storage methods and their role in the sustainable development of the Arctic

The business of the Arctic has received increased attention owing to climate change.However,resource development and the use of waterways threaten the fragile Arctic ecology.The indigenous people of the Arctic have acquired a vast amount of traditional knowledge about coexisting in harmony with nature over the course of many years.Herein,five types of fish storage facilities that are commonly used by Arctic indigenous people and their working mechanisms are described.The traditional knowledge of the Arctic indigenous people is practically applied in Arctic fish storage systems,which are still common,effective,and environmentally friendly.The traditional fish storage facilities of the aborigines are of significance because they promote the sustainable development of the Arctic.

2023年中国天然气调峰特性及2024年市场供需展望

为了助推天然气在中国新型能源体系建设中发挥更大的作用,回顾了2023年中国天然气市场调峰需求的主要特点,展望了2024年中国天然气市场的发展趋势。研究结果表明:(1)2023年,中国天然气供需总体宽松,天然气季节性调峰量为212×10^(8)m^(3),占该年全国天然气消费总量的5.4%,较2022年有所下滑;(2)2023年中国高月天然气不均匀系数为1.34,低月不均匀系数为0.85,月峰谷比为1.57,消费量月度波动幅度在年初市场异常和淡季需求量增长的影响下有所收窄;(3)2023年中国高峰天然气日消费量在历史性寒潮的刺激下直线攀升,峰值达到15.7×10^(8)m^(3)/d,同比增长18.9%;(4)城市燃气和发电用气成为2023年中国天然气调峰需求的主力,工业燃料和化工原料用气在一定程度上平抑了天然气消费量的季节性波动;(5)2023年中国储气设施顶峰能力再上新台阶,经营品种更加丰富;(6)在诸多有利条件叠加的情景下,预计2024年中国天然气需求量将有望达到4264×10^(8)m^(3),同比增长8.8%,新增需求量以工业燃料和发电用气为主;(7)2024年中国天然气调峰需求量预计为227×10^(8)m^(3),同比增长7.0%;(8)预计2024年中国天然气供应能力增长将超过需求量增长,整体上继续保持供应宽松的格局,并且在积极情景下LNG现货需求将保持旺盛;(9)建议国内天然气进口企业高度关注国际市场供应侧风险,销售企业提前做好冬季资源储备,城市燃气企业利用改革红利及时补齐相关短板,设施经营企业积极拓展市场化经营模式。

不同采收成熟度对设施冬枣综合品质的影响

为了从成熟度方面给采收鲜食用、加工用大荔冬枣果实的时期提供参考,以4个不同成熟度(白熟、脆熟、半红、全红,分别对应白熟期、脆熟期、半红期、全红期)大荔冬枣果实为试验材料,对比其果实的品质特性,探究其果实品质在4个不同成熟度下的变化。结果表明,随着果实成熟度的增加,大荔冬枣果实的单果重、可溶性糖含量、维生素C含量及可溶性固形物含量增加,而果实硬度、含水量、总酸含量、总酚含量及总类黄酮含量呈下降趋势。在脆熟期和半红期,大荔冬枣果实的抗氧化能力较强。大荔冬枣果实的含水量与可溶性糖含量、可溶性固形物含量均呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与总酸含量、总酚含量及总类黄酮含量均呈显著正相关(P<0.05);大荔冬枣果实的可溶性糖含量与可溶性固形物含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与总类黄酮含量、总酚含量均呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。综上所述,脆熟期至半红期的大荔冬枣果实适宜立即食用或仅可进行短距离运输,脆熟期的大荔冬枣果实适宜长距离运输或贮藏,全红期的大荔冬枣果实适宜用作食品加工原料。

我国粮食仓储设施建设与经济发展耦合协调的时空演化分析

利用2006—2020年中国31个省级行政区面板数据,在分析我国粮食仓储设施建设综合水平的基础上,对粮食仓储设施建设与经济发展耦合协调的时空演变特征进行研究,得出以下结论:在研究期内,我国粮食仓储设施建设综合评价值波动上升,空间上呈东高西低态势;粮食仓储设施建设与经济发展的耦合协调度偏低,呈上升-下降-上升趋势;耦合协调度的空间关联性自2009年开始逐渐显著,空间集聚程度呈北高南低的态势,空间演变格局具有向东北方向移动的集聚态势。根据研究结论,建议未来因地制宜提升不同省份粮食仓储设施建设与经济发展的协调匹配程度,以高耦合协调度地区带动周边地区发展,实现全国范围内粮食仓储设施建设与经济发展的协调进步。

美国高校共建共享型合作储存图书馆的新进展及启示——以ReCAP储存图书馆为例

文章简要概述了美国高校储存图书馆建设的整体情况,并以研究性馆藏与保护联盟(ReCAP)为例,介绍了美国高校储存图书馆从合作储存到共享馆藏再到合作采购的新进展。这些进展为我国高校储存图书馆建设提供了启示:建立“机构之上”合作理念;打造高效协同的合作储存模式;构建自动化存取仓储系统;提供无缝发现服务;确保合作储存可持续发展。

Big geochemical data through remote sensing for dynamic mineral resource monitoring in tailing storage facilities

Evolution in geoscientific data provides the mineral industry with new opportunities.A direction of geochemical data generation evolution is towards big data to meet the demands of data-driven usage scenarios that rely on data velocity.This direction is more significant where traditional geochemical data are not ideal,which is the case for evaluating unconventional resources,such as tailing storage facilities(TSFs),because they are not static due to sedimentation,compaction and changes associated with hydrospheric and lithospheric processes(e.g.,erosion,saltation and mobility of chemical constituents).In this paper,we generate big secondary geochemical data derived from Sentinel-2 satellite-remote sensing data to showcase the benefits of big geochemical data using TSFs from the Witwatersrand Basin(South Africa).Using spatially fused remote sensing and legacy geochemical data on the Dump 20 TSF,we trained a machine learning model to predict in-situ gold grades.Subsequently,we deployed the model to the Lindum TSF,which is 3 km away,over a period of a few years(2015-2019).We were able to visualize and analyze the temporal variation in the spatial distributions of the gold grade of the Lindum TSF.Additionally,we were able to infer extraction sequencing(to the resolution of the data),acid mine drainage formation and seasonal migration.These findings suggest that dynamic mineral resource models and live geochemical monitoring(e.g.,of elemental mobility and structural changes)are possible without additional physical sampling.

压缩空气储能储气库热力学改进的数学模型

为提高压缩空气储能系统效率,实现对能量与储气资源的高效利用,提出了一种针对压缩空气储能储气库热力学改进的数学模型。该模型基于热力学基本原理,对储气库中的空气压缩、储气加热、热量存储与热量释放行为进行描述,并考虑了各种可能的热力学改进方法。通过模拟和分析,模型揭示了压缩空气储能系统的热力学特性和效率问题,可为实际系统的设计和改进提供理论支持。

晋城市西河排水片区洪涝模拟与调控研究

为评估场次暴雨情形时地下排水管网的排水效率,提高城市韧性与防洪排涝能力,以山西省晋城市西河排水片区为研究对象,通过暴雨洪涝过程模拟,分析了其管网系统排水效率与地表洪涝特征.通过添加调蓄设施,对比分析了不同方案对洪涝过程的调控效果.结果表明:10 a降雨重现期时溢流时长>1.0 h的节点数占总节点数的70.31%,超载时长>0.5 h的管道占管道总数的44.74%;不同重现期>70%范围的积水持续时间>1.0 h,管网排水压力较大;调蓄设施对地表洪水量具有不同程度的削减作用,在中上游添加调蓄设施能够减轻下游排水压力;而泵站开启水位不同对洪涝调控的作用较为有限;调蓄设施对积水深度较大区域的内涝缓解作用比较显著,对水深>0.4 m区域积水面积的削减率在10和50 a降雨重现期时分别为42.05%和28.52%.

设施温度调控装置装备与技术研究现状

就我国设施园艺温度调控装置装备与技术研究现状,阐述我国设施园艺发展概况和设施环境调控的重要性,从主动蓄放热技术、墙体蓄放热技术、植物工厂温度调控技术等方面,概括总结取得的主要科技成果,展望未来设施温度调控技术的发展方向。

油气储运设施强度设计与安全管理课程数字化教材建设

随着数字化技术的飞速发展,教育领域正经历着一场前所未有的变革。教材建设的数字化转型将更好地提高工科专业课程的教学质量,进一步满足学生的学习需求。文章着眼于中国石油大学(北京)的油气储运工程国家级一流专业建设,从专业课中对于有限元分析技术的高效学习出发,探讨了数字化教材在章节设置、内容选取、案例与课程的联系。阐述了中国石油大学(北京)油气储运工程线上线下教学等方面的实践和优势。通过加强数字化教材的建设,以工程应用为导向,旨在为学生提供一个更加便捷、高效的学习平台,培养学生在实际工作中应用所学知识的能力,从而为油气储运行业的发展作出贡献。

Highly coupled off-resonance lattice design in diffraction-limited light sources

The round-beam operation presents many benefits for scientific experiments regarding synchrotron radiation and the weak-ening influences of intra-beam scattering in diffraction-limited synchrotron light sources.A round-beam generation method based on the global setting of skew quadrupoles and the application of a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm was pro-posed in this study.Two schemes,including large-emittance coupling introduced via betatron coupling and vertical disper-sion,were explored in a candidate lattice for an upgrade-proposal of the Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility.Emittance variations with lattice imperfections and their influence on the beam dynamics of beam optic distortions were investigated.The results demonstrated that a precise coupling control ranging from 10 to 100%was achieved under low optical distortion,whereas full-coupling generation and its robustness were achieved by our proposed method by adjusting the skew quadrupole components located in the dispersion-free sections.The Touschek lifetime increased by a factor of 2–2.5.

雨水调蓄池智慧调控技术研究与成效分析

随着北京市海绵城市建设全域化推进,雨水调蓄池在城市雨水管理中得到日益广泛的应用,成为全市最主要的源头设施类型之一.但其具有数量众多、单个设施调蓄容积量小、位置分散的特征,以及存在未实现联动运行、自动化运行能力不足等问题.本文基于海绵设施精细化管控需求,研发以数值模拟、逻辑算法为核心,耦合在线感知、物联设备的雨水调蓄池智慧化调控技术,设计符合实际运行场景的调度策略.研究结果表明,智慧化调控技术应用,实现排水管网峰值削减率达4.5%~100%,片区流量峰值削减率可达11.81%.技术成果有效促进雨水调蓄池效益提升,为源头调蓄设施智慧化运行管理提供新思路.

基于Hadoop架构的设施农业智能监测系统大数据平台的设计与实现

文章设计并实现了一个基于Hadoop架构的设施农业智能监测系统大数据平台。首先,介绍了设施农业智能监测系统的需求和挑战;其次,阐述了基于Hadoop的大数据平台的架构设计,包括数据采集、数据存储、数据处理、数据分析等模块的设计思路和实现方式。在数据采集方面,采用传感器网络和无线通信技术实时采集农业设施的环境数据。在数据存储方面,利用Hadoop分布式文件系统(HDFS)进行数据的存储和管理。在数据处理和分析方面,使用Hadoop的MapReduce计算模型进行数据的处理和分析。