Metamaterials and metasurfaces for designing metadevices:Perfect absorbers and microstrip patch antennas

In the past twenty years, electromagnetic metamaterials represented by left-handed metamaterials（LHMs） have attracted considerable attention due to the unique properties such as negative refraction, perfect lens, and electromagnetic cloaks. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of our group＇s work on metamaterials and metasurfaces. We present several types of LHMs and chiral metamaterials. As a two-dimensional equivalent of bulk three-dimensional metamaterials, metasurfaces have led to a myriad of devices due to the advantages of lower profile, lower losses, and simpler to fabricate than bulk three-dimensional metamaterials. We demonstrate the novel microwave metadevices based on metamaterials and metasurfaces： perfect absorbers and microwave patch antennas, including novel transmission line antennas,high gain resonant cavity antennas, wide scanning phased array antennas, and circularly polarized antennas.

Wireless Strain Measurement Based on a Microstrip Patch Antenna

Wireless interrogation of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for strain measurement is investigated by simulations.To analyze the antenna performance,a microstrip line-feeding patch antenna at 10 GHz is designed.A patch antenna wirelessly fed by a horn is proposed to measure the strain.The direction information of strain detected by the patch antenna is also considered.The strain can be detected both in the width and length directions.It is shown that the strain can be measured wirelessly using a standard horn antenna.This kind of wireless strain-sensing technique offers significant potential for wireless structural health monitoring(SHM),especially for high-end equipment.

A Simplified Full-Wave Analysis for Microstrip Patch Antennas

The spectral domain integral equation(SDIE) provides an accurate and efficient method for computing the resonant frequency, radiation patterns, etc . Using continuous Fourier transform, the formulation utilizes the singular integral equations via the Glerkin's method to derive the deterministic equation with fewer mathematical manipulations. In contrast, discrete Fourier transform(DFT) requires intricate mathematical labor. The present scheme requires a small size, i.e ., (2×2) matrix, and it is possible to extract higher order modal solutions conveniently. Moreover, computation is reduced with the same convergence properties. Based on the present scheme, some results for resonant frequency and radiation patterns compared with available data and computed current distribution on the patch are presented.

Different Feeding Techniques of Microstrip Patch Antennas with Spiral Defected Ground Structure for Size Reduction and Ultra-Wide Band Operation

Different feeding techniques of microstrip patch antennas with different spiral defected ground structures are presented in this paper. The investigated structures illustrate some merits in designing multi-electromagnetic band-gap structures by adjusting the capacitance and changing the inductance through varying the width and length of spiral defected ground structure. Then by applying the three different spirals shapes (one, two and four arms) as the ground plane of microstrip patch antenna with different feeding techniques to create multi or ultra wide-band, improve the antenna gain and reduce the antenna size, it is found that the four arms spiral defected ground structure of microstrip patch antenna with offset feed gives good performance, electrical size reduction to about 75% as compared to the original patch size and ultra-wide bandwidth extends from 2 GHz up to 12 GHz with ?8 dB impedance bandwidth.

AN ANALYSIS ON INPUT IMPEDANCE OF A SINGLE MICROSTRIP PATCH IN THE QUASI-OPTICAL CAVITY

The electromagnetic field integral equation in the quasi-optical cavity is obtained using the dyadic Green’s function. An expression is derived for the input impedance of a single microstrip patch cavity excited by a coaxial probe using moment method. The input impedance of a rectangular microstrip patch is discussed with this method. The result of this paper is similar to that of the microstrip antenna. This paper is of very important value for designing microstrip quasi-optical oscillator.

A four spiral slots microstrip patch antenna for radiotelemetry capsules based on FDTD

Antenna is very crucial to radiotelemetry capsules which can measure the physiological parameters of the gastroin- testinal (GI) tract. The objective of this paper is to design a novel spiral slots microstrip patch antenna for the radiotelemetry capsules communicating with external recorder at 915 MHz located in ISM (Industry, Science, and Medical) bands. The microstrip patch antenna is designed and evaluated using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Return loss characteristics and the effect of the human body on resonant frequency are analyzed, and the performances of radiation patterns at different positions of the human alimentary tract are also estimated. Finally, specific absorption rate (SAR) computations are performed, and the peak 1-g and 10-g SAR values are calculated. According to the peak SAR values, the maximum delivered power for the designed antenna was found so that the SAR values of the antenna satisfy the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) limitations.

RECONFIGURABLE DUAL-BAND CIRCULARLY POLARIZED MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS

A new design of reconfigurable single-feed circular patch microstrip antenna for dual-band circular polarization application is proposed. The dual-band functionality is realized through incorporating cross-slots of equal slot length in the circular patch and utilizing two PIN diodes to switch the slots on or off. A pairs of tuning stubs are used to tune the circular polarization performance. The design process is presented and good results were obtained.

Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Air as Substrate for S-Band Communication

A Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna model is proposed using air as a substrate to study the characteristics of designed antenna. The dimensions of designed antenna are 17 mm × 16.66 mm with substrate at frequency 3.525 GHz. In this paper, the simulation is performed by using software Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave studio based on finite difference time domain technique. The characterization of the designed antenna was analyzed in terms of return loss, bandwidth, directivity, gain, radiation pattern, VSWR.

Increasing Microstrip Patch Antenna Bandwidth by Inserting Ground Slots

Microstrip patch antenna (MPA) is widely implemented in different communication systems. One of the main disadvantages of MPA which limits its applications is its narrow bandwidth. In this paper I enhanced the bandwidth of MPA by inserting multiple slots in its ground plane. I used FR-4 substrate to design this antenna. The dimensions of this antenna are 59 mm and 79 mm. The dielectric constant is 4.4 and the height is 1.6 mm. I inserted up to 15 slots in ground plane with 1mm width. The spacing between slots is 3 mm. I investigated two designs. In the first design, slots were arranged in parallel to the feeding line. In the second one, slots were arranged horizontally to the feeding line. The main objective of this paper is to design and simulate MPA suitable for wide number of applications. Antenna bandwidth improvement is 18%. All the simulations were obtained by using HFSS simulator.

A Linear Array Antenna of Microstrip Patch Antennas Fed by the Open-End of Coplanar Waveguides

In this study, we constructed a 4-element linear array antenna using four 20 GHz band microstrip patch antennas with a structure such that the signal is fed to the patch antennas from open-end coplanar waveguides without contact. We investigated factors related to the design of linear array patch antennas. To adjust the maximum radiation direction and reduce return loss, we optimized the spacing between the elements and their shape. With an element spacing of 11.50 mm, patch width of 3.90 mm, and patch length of 4.15 mm, we obtained a resonance frequency of 20.05 GHz and a return loss of -29.59 dB at the resonance frequency. However, in the case of a 4-element linear array antenna structure, undesired resonances occurred in frequency bands other than the design resonance frequency band of 20 GHz. To suppress these undesired resonances and obtaining stable operation at the design frequency, we propose a new structure in which the feed line is loaded with a short stub, and show through computer simulations that the occurrence of undesired resonances can be sufficiently suppressed. Furthermore, we demonstrate the problem of radiation gain reduction caused by introducing a short stub, propose a design method for a new structure in which the feed line has slits between the stubs, and show improvement of the antenna gain by 0.5 dBi.

Design and Development of a 2 ×1 Array of Slotted Microstrip Line Fed Shorted Patch Antenna for DCS Mobile Communication System

Compact microstrip antennas have recently received much attention due to the increasing demand of small antennas for personal communication equipment. The problem of achieving a wide impedance bandwidth for compact microstrip antennas is becoming an important topic in microstrip antenna design. In this paper the design and development of a 2 × 1 array of a low cost slotted microstrip line fed shorted patch antenna (MFSPA) has been presented. Both the shorted patch and microstrip line feed network have air substrate. The material cost is thus reduced to a minimum. The array consists of two adjacent patches fed, using a simple microstrip T network. The impedance bandwidth of nearly 40%, covering the bandwidth requirement of 1750 MHz band is obtained. Also the antenna exhibits dual band operation. The cross polarization radiation in H-Plane observed with a single element antenna has been reduced considerably with 2 × 1 array. A peak antenna gain of 9.2 dBi is obtained with a small variation of 0.8 dBi. From the results obtained it is clear that the antenna array studied has a low cost fabrication and is suitable for applications in DCS mobile communication base station.

A Novel Compact Microstrip Elliptical Patch Resonator Filter with Tunable Bandwidth

A novel elliptical patch resonator for a compact bandpass filter with tunable bandwidth is presented. This bandpass filter has the advantage of great flexibility in which the center frequency can be changed easily. The bandwidth of this filter can be modified by simply changing one variable, and this makes the proposed design unique. The order of the elliptical patch resonator can be increased, and three types of different orders of the same design are compared. The proposed filter can be used for future compact advanced wireless communication systems.

边射波束和锥状波束可重构的微带贴片天线

本文提出了一种边射波束和锥状波束可重构的新型微带贴片天线,该天线在锥状波束模式下具有圆度较好、锥角可设计的优点。首先,在贴片的中间引入一排短路孔,当短路孔两侧的探针反相馈电时,贴片上两侧电流同向,辐射边射波束;而当两个探针同相馈电时,贴片上两侧电流反向,辐射锥状波束。接着,对短路排孔与贴片边缘之间的间距进行了优化设计,调整电流分布,从而改善锥状波束在方位面上的圆度。最后,在贴片的对角线上额外引入了四个短路孔,通过控制其位置和大小来调节固定频率下贴片的尺寸,从而设计出不同锥角的锥状波束。通过全波仿真,设计了三个边射波束和锥状波束可切换的贴片,锥状波束的锥角分别为55°、50°和45°,均具有较好的圆度。

具有全向波束高增益的引信共形阵列天线

针对对地弹药引信天线不能满足宽落角探测需求的问题,提出一种基于共形阵列天线技术的宽波束产生方法,通过采用偶极子、微带天线阵列共形于引信风帽内腔表面,实现侧向全向辐射特性。该方法设计的天线可以随风帽的形状而改变,不占用其余空间。经测试验证表明该天线在H面具有全向辐射特性且增益较高。

用于土壤湿度监测的无芯片RFID传感器设计

为提高土壤湿度传感器的灵活性和可靠性,设计了一种低成本的无芯片RFID传感器,用于无线监测土壤湿度。该传感器由3个互补开口环谐振器(CSRR)以及2个正交放置的宽带圆形微带贴片天线构成。其中两个相同尺寸的CSRR间距较近,容易产生谐振器间耦合,使得高湿度土壤下的谐振频率变化更加明显,另外作为参考谐振器的CSRR则用以消除环境条件的影响,提高测量的可靠性。两个微带贴片天线用于收发信号,实现无线传感功能。分别研究了采用单、双CSRR结构下该传感器的雷达散射截面(RCS),确定了土壤湿度与谐振频率差值之间的线性关系,通过实测进一步证实了这种关系。实验结果表明,该传感器在0%~12%的土壤湿度下具有18.2 MHz/%θ的灵敏度。

基于特征模分析的菱形宽带天线设计

文章通过特征模分析提出一种结构简单的菱形超表面天线,天线沿Y轴对称,由6个菱形贴片和2个修改过后的菱形贴片组成。修改过后的菱形天线增强所需水平方向的宽边辐射,减弱垂直方向的电流强度。电场耦合槽为馈电部分并且本身可以看作半波缝隙天线引入新谐振点增加天线带宽;天线结构紧凑,尺寸仅为0.60λ_(0)×0.55λ_(0)(λ_(0)为中心频率对应的空间自由波长)。仿真结果表明,该天线频率在4.5~6.2 GHz范围内能够实现-10 dB带宽,相对带宽达到31.8%,高低频中心的谐振点分别为4.78、5.88 GHz。天线工作时的辐射性能良好,在方向图带宽内增益大于6 dB。

基于无源RFID标签天线转向架表面裂纹检测研究

在高速列车长期、快速行驶中,其转向架金属结构会因疲劳、应力、环境等因素影响,产生金属裂纹。为了在高速列车中的转型架金属表面实现远距离无损检测并判断是否存在裂纹,设计了一种应用在超高频频段的微带贴片型射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)抗金属标签,配合RFID芯片,标定RFID阅读器与标签天线的位置和其发射天线的功率,当金属表面存在裂纹时标签天线谐振频率会向低频移动,并产生影响导致RFID系统识别距离的改变,从而实现金属表面裂纹检测。使用高频结构仿真(High Frequency Structure Simulator,HFSS)软件对天线结构进行优化,使其与芯片阻抗匹配,模拟了天线在金属表面存在裂纹的情况。由仿真结果可以分析得出:设计的无线有芯片微带贴片型RFID转向架表面裂纹检测标签能够有效地实现远距离监测金属表面裂纹长度、方向的变化情况。

基于哑铃型缺陷地结构的多频微带贴片天线设计

天线的多频带实现对提高无线通信的性能至关重要。通过加载哑铃型缺陷地结构(Dumbbell Defected Ground Structure,DB-DGS)和贴片刻蚀槽缝,设计了一款新型基于同轴馈电的三频段矩形微带贴片天线,可满足无线本地局域网(WLAN-2.45 GHz)、(WLAN-5.25 GHz)以及全球微波互联网(WiMAX-3.5GHz)的应用需要。天线的S11<-10 dB的回波损耗值分别为-20.8、-20.6、-24.0 dB,对应增益分别为2.8、2.2、3.1 dBi,实现了良好的阻抗匹配。引入哑铃型DGS的等效电路模型,对DGS和槽缝结构的主要参数进行仿真分析,可为天线开发设计人员拓宽思路。

10 GHz与60 GHz微带贴片天线设计与仿真

目前,微带贴片天线的应用领域越来越广泛。主要探究相同结构的微带贴片天线,通过提高其波段,使该天线具有更优的性能。这两款微带贴片天线均通过MATLAB与CST微波工作室进行计算、建模与仿真,并通过传统低成本的印刷电路板蚀刻方法制造,然后在10 GHz和60 GHz频段进行测试。测试结果显示,60 GHz微带贴片天线有更大的带宽且结构更加紧凑。随着便携医疗设备和穿戴设备的广泛应用,60 GHz微带贴片天线更具商业价值。