Study on Body Form and Garment Size Series of the Middle Age and Aged People

This paper was designed to analyze on the data,which was obtained from 'National Physique Fitness Investigation Report (2000)'.In order to get the typical body form and figure type of the middle age and aged people,it was focused on the body form data of this group (age 4060)[1].After calculation and analyzing,the distinguishing feature of body form and the distribution of figure type were deduced.Finally,the re-classification of body form for Chinese middle age and aged people was suggested.It as also suggested that a new garment size series especially for the middle age and aged should be built to fit for these people.This conclusion would be useful and significant to design and production for clothing company,especially that who take the aged people as their target consumer.

Relationship between Waist Circumference, Waist-Height Ratio, Body Fat Percentage, Visceral Fat and Bone Mineral Density in Middle-Aged and Elderly Zhuang of China

Objective: To understand the correlation between different degrees of obesity and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods: 772 cases (300 men and 472 females) of Zhuang over 40 years old were randomly selected. The BMD and T score were calculated by measuring the right heel bone using a quantitative-ultrasound densitometer. Body composition index of body weight, waist circumference (WC), waist height ratio (WtHR), body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral fat (VF) were measured using a bioelectrical impedance method. Results: The BMI, WC, and WtHR of the male osteoporosis group were lower than those of the normal bone mass (NBM) group (P Conclusion: BMI is positively correlated with BMD in Zhuang. BFP has a greater correlation with female BMD, and a small reduction in BFP can result in a significant decrease in BMD. BMD of male was positively correlated with abdominal obesity indicators (WC, WtHR, VF). However, abdominal obesity has no obvious effect on the promotion of BMD in women, and increased WtHR can lead to a decrease in BMD. Zhuang can appropriately increase the amount of fat within the normal weight range. At the same time, reasonable exercise and balanced nutrition to avoid excessive obesity or low body weight can reduce the incidence of osteoporosis and osteoporosis fractures.

Effects of Ving Tsun sticking-hand training on upper-limb sensorimotor performance in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults: A randomized controlled trial

Objective:To evaluate the effects of Ving Tsun(VT)sticking-hand training on upper-limb joint position sense and muscular performance in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.Methods:Thirty-three adults were randomly allocated to either a VT group or a control group.The VT group received VT sticking-hand training twice per week for 3 months.Measurements were taken before and after the intervention period.The primary outcome was elbow-joint repositioning error,which was measured by an elbow-joint passive positioning and active repositioning test using a universal goniometer.Secondary outcomes were upper-limb muscles'peak force and time taken to reach peak force as measured by a hand-held dynamometer.Results:No significant time,group or time-by-group interaction effects were found for elbow-joint repositioning error or upper-limb muscle peak force outcomes.Shoulder flexor time to peak force decreased by 33.8%from pre-test to post-test in the VT group(P=0.007).Shoulder abductor,internal and external rotator,and elbow extensor times to peak force decreased by 30.0%-35.9%in the VT%roup(P<0.05)and by 30.4%-37.1%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions:VT sticking-hand training does not improve elbow-joint position sense or the maximum strength of upper-limb muscles in middle-aged and older adults.However,VT can improve shoulder flexor muscles'time to reach peak force in these populations.VT had no obvious effect on the time required to reach peak force in other shoulder muscles and elbow extensors.

Analysis of the Variations of Body Build of Middle-and Old-aged and Research on the Prototype

The characteristics of body build of middle - and old -aged women and its rule of variations as well as the basic sizes of various parts are discussed. All these are based on the body measurements of this age group, and also on the statistical studies of the measurement data. By setting the regression equation, the calculating formulae of various control parts are obtained, thus establishing the prototype of this age group for women.

Radiometric Dating of Ignimbrite from Inner Mongolia Provides no Indication of a Post-Middle Jurassic Age for the Daohugou Beds

Lacustrine deposits exposed at Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China, have yielded superbly preserved vertebrate fossils. The fossil beds were first misinterpreted as of Early Cretaceous age, based on alleged occurrences of key fossils of the Jehol Biota. Compelling evidence revealed by more rigorous research involving regional biostratigraphy, radiometric dating, and paleontology supports the Middle Jurassic age of the fossil beds. Despite the awesome evidence for the Middle Jurassic age of the Daohugou beds, the age dispute has been resurrected recently by invoking an overturned stratigraphic sequence. A careful review of the data, however, found no evidence that this sequence has been overturned. In addition, many of the assumptions, on which the conjecture of the fossil beds being post- Middle Jurassic is imprudently based, are self-contradictory or otherwise misleading. Thus, the post- Middle Jurassic age of the Daohugou beds as an unfounded conclusion can readily be dismissed.

Tectonic Environments of the Yan-Liao Rift during Earth's Middle Age(1.7～0.75 Ga): Evidence from Mafic Dyke Swarms in Eastern Hebei, North China

During the past decade,generations of Precambrian mafic dykes/sills have been investigated and revealed in the North China Craton(NCC).Researchers identified more than 20 episodes of Precambrian dyke swarms,

Georgia and Europe in the Early Middle Ages

The article deals with relations of Georgia to Europe in the late antique period and the early Middle Ages.The analyses rests on the Byzantium and the Western European,as well as on Georgian written sources:historical chronicles,hagiographic texts and other information,reflecting political relations of the Iberia and Lazika—those-days kingdoms,located on the territory of Georgia—to the Western European and Byzantine space.The offered analysis will concentrate on the shared characteristics of European space in the Middle Ages and will compare them to the general tendencies of development of Georgia in the same period.This enables to draw conclusion that Georgia was the part of the unified Christian space of the early Middle Ages.

The Issue of Genealogy of Armenians, Georgians and Other Caucasian Nations in the Historiography of the Middle Ages

The paper shows that the story about the origin of Armenians, Georgians and other Caucasians from a common ancestor, namely, from Targamos (Togormah)—The Life of the Fore-Patriarchs and Ancestors of the Georgian Kings, which is represented in the introductory part of The Georgian Chronicles and is dated back to the end of the11th, is a compiled work that mainly contains, on the one hand, an old Georgian genealogical-geographical story about Tarshish’s son Kartlos (Iber) and his six brothers ( Egros, Movakan, Heros, Bardos, Lekan and Caucas)created at the end of the 6th c.-first half of the 8th c. based on Byzantine works, and on the other hand, a genealogical story created in old Armenian historiography about Targamos and his son Hayk that went through certain steps of development as well. In the process of synthesizing, Togormah (Targamos) and his son Hayk (Haos)were inserted between Tarsish and his son Kartlos (Iber), which violated the Biblical scheme as well as the structure of the sentence in which the insertion was made. The goal of developing the synthesized scheme was to bring evidence of the common origin of Georgians and Armenians, as long as quite a large number of Armenians,because of the incorporation of a large part of Armenian territories within Georgian borders, became citizens of Georgia. At the same time, the story also offers a justification in the eyes of the Muslim world for the claims of Georgia for Armenian territories. According to the newly-created synthesized scheme, Georgia was “the successor brother” of Armenia(Haos//Hayk) and considering the absence of Armenian states, i.e., “the elder brother”,Georgia was the only legal heir of Armenian territories.

China's National Image in Western Travels in the Middle Ages

The cognition of the image of China in the West during the Middle Ages is a historical base map for the formation of China's image in the eyes of Western travelers in China since the 19 th century. During the Middle Ages, with the Crusades and the Eastward March of the Mongol Empire, the exchanges between China and Europe were frequent. For political and religious purposes, Western missionaries gradually increased in China. From the expansion of the concept of time and space, Western travelers came to China to explore the world outside the Mediterranean. For the needs of literary creation, Western writers began to write Chinese travels while traveling to China. The texts about China's images created by missionaries, travelers and writers are intertwined, depicting a vivid China's national image.

Willingness of People of Different Ages to Learn Online——Taking Guizhou Cadre Online Learning School as an Example

The method of statistical analysis is employed in this paper to research the interests of online cadre learners, including learners from administrative organizations directly governed by the provincial government, Zunyi city and the state-owned enterprises directly governed by the provincial government in 2011 through the courseware of Guizhou Cadre Online Learning School. The difference in willingness to study in this manner between people of differing ages is examined through data analysis.

Late Mesozoic Ore-forming Events in the Ningwu Ore District, Middle-Lower Yangtze River Polymetallic Ore Belt, East China: Evidence from Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Hf Isotopic Compositions of the Granodioritic Stocks

Late Mesozoic volcanic-subvolcanic rocks and related iron deposits, known as porphyry iron deposits in China, are widespread in the Ningwu ore district （Cretaceous basin） of the middle-lower Yangtze River polymetallic ore belt, East China. Two types of Late Mesozoic magmatic rocks are exposed： one is dioritic rocks closely related to iron mineralization as the hosted rock, and the other one is granodioritic （-granitic） rocks that cut the ore bodies. To understand the age of the iron mineralization and the ore-forming event, detailed zircon U-Pb dating and Hf isotope measurement were performed on granodioritic stocks in the Washan, Gaocun-Nanshan, Dongshan and Heshangqiao iron deposits in the basin. Four emplacement and crystallization （typically for zircons） ages of granodioritic rocks were measured as 126.1±0.5 Ma, 126.8±0.5 Ma, 127.3±0.5 Ma and 126.3±0.4 Ma, respectively in these four deposits, with the LA-MC-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb method. Based on the above results combined with previous dating, it is inferred that the iron deposits in the Ningwu Cretaceous basin occurred in a very short period of 131-127 Ma. In situ zircon Hf compositions of εHf（t） of the granodiorite are mainly from -3 to -8 and their corresponding 176Hf/177Hf ratio are from 0.28245 to 0.28265, indicating similar characteristics of dioritic rocks in the basin. We infer that granodioritic rocks occurring in the Ningwu ore district have an original relationship with dioritic rocks. These new results provide significant evidence for further study of this ore district so as to understand the ore-forming event in the study area.

Basement Characteristics and Crustal Evolution of the Copper-Gold Metallogenic Belt in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River:Some Isotope Constraints

Studies of the Pb, Sr and Nd isotopic composition of Mesozoic intrusive rocks indicate that the basement of the copper-gold metallogenic belt of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has “two-layer structure” and partly has “multi-layered structure”, and is inhomogeneous and shows the distinct feature of E-W provincialism. The calculated model lead ages (t1) are mostly greater than 2600 Ma, and the model neodymium ages (TDM) vary from 953 to 2276 Ma and concentrate in two time intervals: 1800–2000 Ma and 1200–1600 Ma. It is concluded that the basement of the MBYR is composed of the Late Archaeozoic to Middle Proterozoic metamorphic series and that the crust was initiated in the Archaean and continued to grow in the Early and Middle Proterozoic, and the proportion of new crust formed by mantle differentiation during the Late Proterozoic is low.

Historical Course Follows Climate Change: Patterns of the Northern Hemisphere — From Peoples’ Migration until the Industrial Revolution (3^rd-18^thCentury)

This paper relates to the statement that the so-called “Little Ice Age” (RCC 6: 1.350-1.800 A.D.) represents—besides the 8k-Event (8.200-8.000 yr cal. B.P.)—the fastest and strongest onset in Holocene History [1]. Its intention focuses on the correlation of interplaying natural processes (i.e. solar energy variation, aerosols, oceanic currents, volcanism as part of plate tectonics, heat flow) with social/political evidence through the time-span of Peoples’ Migration until Industrial Revolution (3rd-18th Century). The time-span comprises the cool/wet/respectively dry climate phase of the P.M. (260-550), a Climate Optimum (600-1.100 A.D.) owning a final Thermal Maximum (1.100-1.260 A.D.) and the “little Ice Age” (1.350-1.800 A.D.), the latter intercalated by the Sp&#246;rer Minimum (1.460-1.550 A.D.) and the Maunder Minimum (1.650-1.720 A.D.). Thereby, an average temperature difference of 1.0&#176;C - 2.0&#176;C seems sufficient for incising climatic/cultural consequences [2]. It has become obvious that a Climate Optimum primarily provides constructive life conditions;however with a problematic final as the following “Effect-Chain” tells: balanced agricultural/cultural population growth → rich harvests → satisfying nourishment → health, encouragement → overpopulation under favorable materialistic conditions → increasing stress → lack of food, high prices → revolts → migration. In contrast, cool/wet/resp. dry conditions originate destructive/depressive conditions (see Peoples’ Migration) which initiate the following “Effect Chain”: bad agricultural conditions → poor/no harvesting → famine → disease, growing death rate → social, political revolts, wars → human cruelties with psychic/religious background (inquisition, witch-combustion → general chaos (30 yr-war) → death, migration (maritime endeavors, colonization). Furthermore, it should be stressed that volcanic aerosols play besides the solar influx variation—an important role on climate/cultural change [3]. However, the effects of oceanic currents’ heat flow of Mid-Oceanic Ridges and Hot Spots, as well as Earth-Magnetism and Sun/Earth Geometry are poorly understood in this context (Example: Iceland as hot spot situated on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge having been working since 40 Ma). The Chapter-introducing citations play a challenging role in regard to Science Criticism and touch the so-called 95% Confidence line (accepted realm of causal interrelation and according recommendation to Society [4]).

A cognitive function predicted method by Useful Field of View tests among elder people in Beijing

Objective:To analyze the visual functions of the elder people in China by Useful Field of View (UFOV) to verify performances in Chinese elders.Methods:A total of 90 participants aged 60 years or above were recruited from residents in the Jiade Senior Apartment and the Fuchengmen Public Health Community in Beijing.Participants completed three tests,Mini Mental State Examination (NMSE),Digit Span test and UFOV.We also tested the digit span and UFOV the following year.Results:The correlation between age and MMSE score was significant (r =-0.422,P <.001).Digit Span scores showed significant negative relationships for all three subtests (P <.01) between ages.The scores of UFOV test 1 showed a non-significant correlation with age,r =0.147,P >.1,while UFOV test 2 and UFOV test 3 showed significant positive relationships with ages,(both P <.01).Thirty-nine participants (out of 90) finished the digit span and UFOV the following year.Only UFOV test 3 has a significant differential performance between two years (t =-2.95,P <.01).We found UFOV tests showed the visual response capacity and had a strong correlation with ages (statistically significant).Conclusion:UFOV could be an effective way to evaluate cognitive ability in Chinese elderly people and the selective-attention test of UFOV may be a more sensitive measurement.

中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离体验的质性研究

背景精神分裂症患者在整个生存期常感知到的较为严重的社会歧视,出现自我疏离或者社会性疏离。目前针对中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离方面的研究较少。目的描述中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的体验,旨在为缓解该人群社会疏离体验制订支持干预方案提供一定的借鉴和参考。方法采用目的抽样法选取18~59岁,曾在新乡医学院第二附属医院住院且出院后愿意继续接受随访的中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者为研究对象,于2022年5—12月通过对受访者进行面对面半结构式深入访谈,并以内容分析法归纳和提炼主题。结果共纳入18名中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者。通过对访谈资料进行分析,共提炼出3个主题和8个亚主题:中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的表现(包括2个亚主题:负性情感体验、期待与行为之间的退缩);中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的主观原因(包括2个亚主题:自我疏离、自我歧视)、中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的客观原因(包括4个亚主题:社会歧视和被动疏离、药物不良反应的影响、精神疾病引起的生活和照护负担加重、缺乏社会支持)。结论中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者由于生理健康受损、心理状况不良、社会支持不足等存在社会疏离,医护人员应加强对该人群的症状管理和心理疏导,政府及社会各界应积极引导对精神疾病的正向认知并给予一定的社会支持;同时强化家庭内部支持,以帮助其重返和适应社会。

基于健康社会决定因素的宁夏中老年人慢性病共病的影响因素研究

背景人口老龄化进程日益加快,中老年人健康问题突出。慢性病共病严重威胁中老年人的健康和生活质量,阻碍健康中国行动的进展,探讨其与健康社会决定因素的关系具有积极意义。目的了解宁夏中老年人慢性病共病情况及健康社会决定因素情况,分析中老年人健康社会决定因素与慢性病共病的关联,为中老年慢性病共病患者的健康管理和干预策略制定提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法于2022-06-27—08-27调查宁夏石嘴山市、银川市、固原市的10个区/县1997名中老年人的健康相关数据,应用Apriori算法分析宁夏地区中老年人的共病模式,采用非条件Logistic回归分析探讨宁夏中老年人慢性病共病与健康社会决定因素的关联性。结果宁夏地区中老年人慢性病共病人数418例,慢性病共病率20.9%;关联规则结果显示有14条共病模式,其中11条与冠心病有关,9条与高血压有关,9条与糖尿病有关;非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁、子女数量为2~3个、已建立健康档案、工作状况为离退休和无业、养老保险为城乡居民基本养老保险的中老年人慢性病共病率较高(P<0.05),夜间睡眠时长为7~8 h和>8 h、大专及以上文化水平的中老年人慢性病共病率较低(P<0.05)。结论中老年慢性病共病的影响因素涉及个体、社区、社会各个方面,建议从多维度对慢性病共病患者进行干预,以期提高其健康水平。

3种跌倒风险评估工具对养老机构中老年人跌倒风险的预测价值比较

目的:探讨Morse跌倒评估量表(MFS)、托马斯跌倒风险评估工具(STRATIFY量表)、简易体能状况量表(SPPB)3种跌倒风险评估工具对养老机构中老年人跌倒风险的预测价值。方法:整群随机抽取湖南省4个地州市共80所养老机构内的4041名中老年人,采用一般资料调查表、MFS、STRATIFY、SPPB量表进行资料收集。使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估不同评估量表对跌倒的预测效果。结果:共调查4041名老年人,676人(16.73%)1年内发生跌倒。跌倒组和未跌倒组年龄、性别、是否合并慢性病、是否抑郁比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。MFS的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.850[95%CI(0.834,0.867)],当总分为37.5分时,约登指数为0.597,量表的预测价值最大;STRATIFY量表AUC为0.764[95%CI(0.744,0.783)],当总分为1.5分时,约登指数为0.407,量表的预测价值最大;SPPB的AUC为0.675[95%CI(0.654,0.697)],当总分为7.5分时,约登指数为0.293,量表的预测价值最大。MFS的AUC、约登指数均高于其他2个量表。结论:MFS、STRATIFY、SPPB量表对养老机构中老年人跌倒风险均有预测价值,MFS的预测价值高于STRATIFY、SPPB量表。

甘油三酯葡萄糖指数评估不同性别中年人群发生冠心病的价值

目的探讨甘油三酯葡萄糖指数(TyGindex)评估不同性别中年人群发生冠心病的价值。方法选取2015年1月至2022年12月在柳州市人民医院行冠状动脉造影的中年人群433例为研究对象。收集其一般资料、实验室检查指标和冠状动脉造影结果。根据TyGindex中位数将不同性别人群分为低TyG index组(男性107例;女性106例)、高TyGindex组(男性111例;女性109例)。采用多因素logistic回归分析不同性别中年人群发生冠心病的影响因素。采用ROC曲线评估TyGindex对不同性别中年人群发生冠心病的预测价值。结果多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄(OR=1.103,95%CI 1.043~1.166)、吸烟史(OR=2.173,95%CI 1.199~3.938)、HDL-C(OR=0.244,95%CI 0.062~0.961)是中年男性人群发生冠心病的独立影响因素(P<0.05);年龄(OR=1.121,95%CI 1.032~1.218)、TyGindex(OR=2.606,95%CI1.220~5.567)是中年女性人群发生冠心病的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,TyGindex预测中年男性和女性人群发生冠心病的曲线下面积分别为0.603(95%CI 0.526~0.680,P=0.009)、0.756(95%CI 0.686~0.826,P<0.001)。结论TyGindex升高不是中年男性人群发生冠心病的独立危险因素,预测价值低;而TyGindex升高是中年女性人群发生冠心病的独立危险因素,具有中等预测价值。

中青年原发性双癌病人疾病体验的质性研究

目的:深入了解中青年原发性双癌病人的疾病体验,为临床医护人员制订针对性的干预策略提供参考依据。方法:采取描述性现象学研究方法,选取2020年8月—2022年8月收治住院的13例中青年原发性双癌病人为研究对象进行半结构访谈,采用Giorgi现象学分析法分析资料并提炼主题。结果:中青年原发性双癌病人疾病体验可归纳为心理痛苦;不良生理体验;信息需求强烈;疾病应对方式,调整信念系统;经济负担沉重5个主题。结论:医护人员应重视中青年原发性双癌病人在患病过程中的身心感受,关注诊疗决策与心理经历,提供灵性照护;整合信息渠道,注重知识碎片化呈现;强化家庭韧性,发挥社会支持中介效应。

志愿活动参与对中老年人生活满意度的影响:抑郁的中介作用及年龄组差异

文章基于2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)数据,使用线性回归模型、逐步回归法和系数乘积法分析志愿活动参与对中老年人生活满意度的影响和抑郁的中介作用,同时进一步探讨作用机制的年龄组差异。研究发现,志愿活动参与对中老年人生活满意度有显著的正向影响(β=0.041,P<0.05),抑郁具有显著的中介作用,中介效应占总效应的22.75%,且志愿活动参与对不同年龄组的影响系数及作用机制明显不同。研究结果对于预防和干预中老年抑郁,提高中老年人的心理健康和生活满意度,贯彻落实积极应对人口老龄化的国家战略均具有重要的参考意义。