Relationship between Nonexercise Activity Thermogenesis and Calf Circumference in Older Women

Purpose: Frailty is a state of declined vitality of the body and mind with age in which life functions are impaired. In addition, there is a difference in the susceptibility of older women to frailty compared with that of older men. Therefore, assessing and encouraging physical activity in older adults before they become frail is essential. We aimed to clarify the relationship between calf circumference and body composition and assess the potential association between calf circumference and physical activity indices in older women. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 18 healthy older adults (age 69.0 ± 5.7 years). The physical characteristics, calf circumference, body composition, calf muscle thickness, and physical activity questionnaire that included items on exercise-related activity thermogenesis (EAT) and nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) were assessed. The association between calf circumference and these additional measures was examined. Results: Positive and significant correlations were found between the calf circumference and body weight, body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass index, calf muscle thickness, total questionnaire score, and NEAT score (r = 0.66 - 0.87). However, no significant correlations were observed between the calf circumference and EAT scores. Conclusion: Calf circumference in older women may reflect NEAT activity. Improving NEAT activity is an important health-promoting factor in older women.

Analysis of influencing factors and the construction of predictive models for postpartum depression in older pregnant women

BACKGROUND Changes in China's fertility policy have led to a significant increase in older pregnant women.At present,there is a lack of analysis of influencing factors and research on predictive models for postpartum depression(PPD)in older pregnant women.AIM To analysis the influencing factors and the construction of predictive models for PPD in older pregnant women.METHODS By adopting a cross-sectional survey research design,239 older pregnant women(≥35 years old)who underwent obstetric examinations and gave birth at Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital from February 2022 to July 2023 were selected as the research subjects.When postpartum women of advanced maternal age came to the hospital for follow-up 42 d after birth,the Edinburgh PPD Scale(EPDS)was used to assess the presence of PPD symptoms.The women were divided into a PPD group and a no-PPD group.Two sets of data were collected for analysis,and a prediction model was constructed.The performance of the predictive model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test.RESULTS On the 42nd day after delivery,51 of 239 older pregnant women were evaluated with the EPDS scale and found to have depressive symptoms.The incidence rate was 21.34%(51/239).There were statistically significant differences between the PPD group and the no-PPD group in terms of education level(P=0.004),family relationships(P=0.001),pregnancy complications(P=0.019),and mother–infant separation after birth(P=0.002).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a high school education and below,poor family relationships,pregnancy complications,and the separation of the mother and baby after birth were influencing factors for PPD in older pregnant women(P<0.05).Based on the influencing factors,the following model equation was developed:Logit(P)=0.729×education level+0.942×family relationship+1.137×pregnancy complications+1.285×separation of the mother and infant after birth-6.671.The area under the ROC curve of this prediction model was 0.873(95%CI:0.821-0.924),the sensitivity was 0.871,and the specificity was 0.815.The deviation between the value predicted by the model and the actual value through the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=2.749,P=0.638),indicating that the model did not show an overfitting phenomenon.CONCLUSION The risk of PPD among older pregnant women is influenced by educational level,family relationships,pregnancy complications,and the separation of the mother and baby after birth.A prediction model based on these factors can effectively predict the risk of PPD in older pregnant women.

The Moderating Effect of Health on the Relationship between Involvement in Housework of Parents’ and Parents-in-Law’s Families and Happiness of Middle-Aged Women in Taiwan

Background: This study aims to investigate the moderating effect of family health status on the relationship between involvement in housework of two-side parents’ families and happiness of middle-aged women in Taiwan. Methods: The data used in this study were gathered from the Ministry of Science and Technology’s program—“Intergenerational expectation and collaboration: an inquiry on a new mechanism of continued tradition across generations”. The subjects (n = 512) were restricted to aged 45 - 64 years old who live with spouses and have children, and one of whose parent or parent-in-law is still alive. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate how family health status moderates the relationship between involvement in housework of parents’ families and parents-in-law’s families and the happiness of middle-aged women. Results: 1) Family health status is positively correlated with their happiness. 2) The parents’ health status can moderate the relationship between involvement in housework of parents’ families and happiness of the middle-aged women. 3) The middle-aged women’s health status can moderate the relationship between involvement in housework of parents-in-law’s families and those women’s happiness, and fathers-in-law’s health status can moderate the relationship between husbands’ involvement in housework of the women’s parents-in-law’s families and women’s happiness. Conclusions: In future, when policies and programs related to the well-being of middle-aged women are being planned, the effect of women’s health and family health status shall be considered as a key to improve those women’s quality of life.

Muscle capacity and physical function in older women:What are the impacts of resistance training?

The number of older adults （individuals ≥65 years）, particularly women, in our society is increasing and understanding the impact of exercise on muscle capacity （e.g., strength and power） and subsequently physical function is of utmost importance to prevent disability and maintain independence. Muscle capacity declines with age and this change negatively impacts physical function in older women. Exercise, specifically resistance training, is recommended to counteract these declines; however, the synergistic relationships between exercise, muscle capacity, and physical function are poorly understood. This review will summarize the literature regarding age-related changes in the aforementioned variables and review the research on the impact of resistance training interventions on muscle capacity and physical function in older women. Recommendations for future research in this area will be discussed.

Menopausal Perceptions and Experiences of Older Women from Selected Sites in Botswana

Objective: To assess the menopausal perceptions and experiences of older women from selected sites in Botswana. Design: This study used snowball sampling to recruit 444 older women in four health districts of Botswana. Trained research assistants administered a structured questionnaire to determine respondents’ menopausal symptoms, perceptions and knowledge of menopause and sexual experiences. Multiple logistic regression procedures were used to evaluate the association of socio-demographic characteristics with knowledge of menopause and factor analysis was used to cluster menopausal symptoms. Results: Participants had low levels of knowledge and awareness of menopause. The three most common changes identified were weakening of bones (78%), changes in sex drive (69.6%), and difficulty working (56.2%). The majority of respondents perceived menopause as freedom from menstrual cycles (85%) and cost saving (65%). Employment status was significantly associated with knowledge of menopause. The mean age at menopause was 48.9 years. With an average life expectancy of 54.5 years, there remains about 6 years of postmenopausal life. Recommendation: Public health care systems in and beyond Botswana should mobilize resources and take measures to improve older women’s awareness and knowledge about menopause-related changes through educational training and guidance to maintain active, healthy lives.

步行如何影响老年女性衰弱状态:步数还是步行强度?

目的探究步数、步行强度以及有氧步数与老年女性衰弱间的剂量-效应关系。方法采用ActiGraph三轴加速度计测量1099名60~70岁老年女性每日步数、步行强度(峰值1 min步数和峰值30 min步数)及有氧步数(以≥60步/min的步频连续行走≥10 min的步数)。根据衰弱表型评估老年女性衰弱状态,使用Logistic回归和限制性立方样条曲线分析步数、步行强度及有氧步数与衰弱的关联。结果控制混杂因素后,步行强度与老年女性衰弱前期显著相关,有氧步数与衰弱存在非线性关系。随着有氧步数的增加,衰弱患病率逐渐下降,当有氧步数达到4000步时,下降幅度趋于平缓。结论有氧步数而非总步数与衰弱间存在剂量-效应关系,每日有氧步数达到约4000步时,可能对老年女性衰弱的改善效果最佳。

从“小世界”到“同心生活圈”:我国老年妇女健康信息搜寻行为

文章基于中国本土化情境,分析老年妇女的健康信息搜寻行为模式。选取15位60岁以上老年妇女作为研究对象,采取半结构化方式开展访谈,使用扎根理论对访谈资料进行编码分析。对应用扎根理论得出的研究结果进一步提炼升华,发现我国老年妇女的健康信息搜寻行为呈现出小世界理论所描述的明显特征,信息搜寻很大程度上受到所处社群的社会规范、社会类型、世界观、语言和习惯的影响;跨界健康信息行为在一些特定的场景中亦有发生。其健康信息搜寻行为模式可概括为以小世界圆周生活圈为中心、过渡生活圈和陌生圈为拓展的“同心生活圈”模式。“同心生活圈”理论的价值在于可以帮助老年妇女突破“小世界”局限,引导其有效获取高质量健康信息。

高龄孕妇妊娠中晚期异常心电图与妊娠结局的关联性分析

目的 探讨高龄孕妇在妊娠中晚期出现异常心电图(ECG)的情况,并分析其对妊娠结局的影响,旨在为医疗工作者提供更加科学可靠的指导,以保障高龄孕妇和围生儿的健康与安全。方法 选取240例高龄(>35岁)孕妇作为观察组,另选取同期240例非高龄(≤35岁)孕妇作为对照组。两组均在妊娠中晚期行心电图检查。比较两组异常心电图发生情况,心律失常类型;比较观察组心电图正常与异常者妊娠结局、分娩结局。结果 观察组的心律失常、ST-T改变和短P-R间期发生率分别为35.83%、10.83%、10.00%,高于对照组的22.92%、4.17%、4.58%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但两组电轴左偏和低电压发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组心电图异常率60.00%(144/240)高于对照组的34.58%(83/240),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=31.100,P=0.000<0.05)。观察组的窦性心动过速、窦性心动过缓、房性早搏和室性早搏发生率分别为12.08%、5.00%、3.75%、2.92%,均明显高于对照组的6.25%、1.67%、0.83%、0.42%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的窦性心律不齐、传导阻滞和预激综合征发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组心电图异常者剖宫产率50.00%、早产率11.63%和新生儿低体重率12.79%显著高于心电图正常者的35.71%、3.90%、3.90%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但心电图异常者和心电图正常者的妊娠丢失率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 在高龄孕妇中,妊娠中晚期异常心电图的发生率较高,常见的异常包括心律失常、ST-T改变等,高龄孕妇伴有异常心电图可能对妊娠结局和围生儿健康产生不利的影响。因此,为避免严重并发症的发生,有必要加强高龄孕妇的心电图监测,并对异常情况进行及时干预和治疗,以有效地保障母婴的健康和安全,降低不良妊娠结局的发生率,同时提高高龄孕妇和围生儿的生存率和生活质量。

Rural elderly women: The sweat of their bodies and the work of his hands. The paradigms of the Greek polis still present in the current days

Background: In Brazil between 1960 and 1990 there established the hegemony of young people between 15 and 24 years old, a phenomenon known worldwide as “youth wave”. Forty years later, with continued declining levels of fertility and mortality, in the first decade of this century, the young country came to bear white hair with the continued growth of the aging rate. Official census data show the growth of the elderly population, above sixty years, predominantly female, and population growth increasingly urbanized [1, 2]. This article reports the findings from a recent study of elderly women, in the contexts of “rurality”. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the social construction of gender division of work and retirement of older rural women. Comprehending through historically dialectical materialism, the process of exclusion of rural elderly women, some public policies and programs aimed at elderly populace. Ethnographic Method: fieldwork and interviews (one-to-one and in groups), field notes, participant observation, photography, and archival review. Sample: 27 women aged between 68 to 92 years. Findings: Only four receive retirement as peasant, three owners of land and a former employee;the other receive her husband’s pension or are included in the Provision of Continued Benefit (PBC). Conclusion: Non-receipt of retirement for these women, as citizen’s peasant, it is a violation of her rights recognized under the Federal Constitution of 1988, and reveals how the Aristotelian paradigm persists in their activities: That sweat of her bodies and the work of her hands, it is not considered as work;it is labor.

老年女性2型糖尿病患者血清25-羟维生素D与颈动脉病变关系的研究

目的:探讨维生素D(vitamin D,Vit D)对60岁以上老年女性2型糖尿病(type 2diabetic,T2DM)患者颈动脉病变的影响,为改善T2DM并发症的临床治疗提供依据。方法:回顾分析北京市垂杨柳医院2020年1月至2020年12月,收治的175例符合标准的老年女性T2DM患者的临床资料。依据颈动脉超声测量颈动脉内-中膜厚度(carotid intravagal media thickness,CIMT),分为正常组(A组):CIMT<1.0mm;颈动脉斑块组(B组):局限性CIMT≥1.5mm。二元Logistic回归分析颈动脉病变的影响因素。结果:A组69例,占39.4%;B组106例,占60.6%。A组的T2DM病程、合并高血压比例、Hb A1C、FPG、TG、HCY明显低于B组,而HDL-C、25(OH)D明显高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:T2DM病程、合并高血压、TG、HCY是老年女性T2DM患者颈动脉病变的重要危险因素(P<0.05),25(OH)D是老年女性T2DM患者颈动脉病变的重要保护因素(P<0.05)。结论:25(OH)D是老年女性T2DM患者颈动脉病变的保护因素,关注老年女性T2DM患者的维生素D缺乏现状并积极纠正治疗。

老年女性体质健康促进:基于模式与组合的身体活动建议

目的:探讨老年女性不同模式、组合的身体活动(PA)和久坐行为(SB)与体质健康之间的关系,为老年女性的体质健康促进提出建议。方法:受试者连续7 d佩戴三轴加速度计,测量中高强度PA(MVPA)、低强度PA(LPA)、持续性PA(单次≥10 min)、分散性PA(单次<10 min)、30 min持续性SB(单次≥30 min)和60 min持续性SB(单次≥60 min)。同时,根据每日参与MVPA和SB的不同时间,定义低MVPA高SB、低MVPA低SB、高MVPA高SB和高MVPA低SB四种组合类型。根据《国民体质测定标准手册(老年人部分)》的要求进行老年女性体质健康测试,分别定义总分<15分和≥15分为体质健康不合格组和合格组。使用二分类Logistic回归探讨不同模式、组合的PA和SB与体质健康水平的关系,使用限制性立方样条探讨MVPA与体质健康水平的非线性关系。结果:共1124人纳入到数据分析中。控制多个混杂因素后,1)总MVPA、分散性MVPA、总LPA、分散性LPA及持续性LPA均与老年女性更高的体质健康水平显著相关(P<0.05),总SB和30 min持续性SB与更低的体质健康水平显著相关(P<0.05);2)高MVPA高SB组合和高MVPA低SB组合均与更高的体质健康水平显著相关(P<0.05);3)每日参与MVPA总时间与体质健康不合格OR值呈近似“L”形的非线性关系曲线,随着参与MVPA时间的增加,老年女性体质健康不合格率逐渐下降,达到约30 min后下降幅度趋于平缓。结论:老年女性的PA和SB与体质健康水平呈现显著的剂量效应关系。无论强度大小,参与一定量的身体活动就能获得体质健康收益。MVPA对老年女性的体质健康促进最为高效,每日30 min MVPA能获得最高效的体质健康收益。老年女性应尽量避免长时间久坐,另外,无论久坐时间长短,达到一定量的MVPA就能获得体质健康收益。

中国老年照料行业劳动力的需求与供给展望——以中老年女性为例

中国老龄化进程加速,老年人口照料需求巨大,提供照料的人数不足将持续制约老年照料行业发展。中老年女性是从事老年照料的主力,当前她们退休年龄和劳动参与率低,制约了劳动力供给。人口预测显示未来二三十年中老年女性数量处于历史高位,教育和健康水平提升,隔代抚育等家庭职责减轻,劳动力资源利用潜力大。本文参考澳大利亚和日本中老年女性在直接照料劳动力中的比例,结合我国人口和照料需求预测,预计中国2020-2050年对中老年女性劳动力数量的需求将快速增长,年均增长率为9.9%。2050年中国对45-64岁女性直接照料工作人员的需求将达到896万人至1077万人。2040年前后中老年女性人口数量达到峰值随后开始下降,老年照料行业对中老年女性劳动力的需求数量占相应年龄段女性人口的比例将在2040年之后快速增长,预计2050年达到6%左右。我国老年照料行业劳动力供给和需求匹配面临独生子女家庭的养老问题、劳动力属地化不足、社会保障水平低、家庭照料选择和照料服务业发展不足等问题,解决供求缺口需要打破家庭界线,依靠养老的社会大循环协调应对。建议完善退休制度、提高社保覆盖水平和灵活性、鼓励劳动力属地化和兼职化,推动中老年女性人力资源开发和老年照料行业发展。

肌少症对老年股骨粗隆间骨折女性患者围术期输血情况的影响

目的:探讨肌少症是否影响老年粗隆间骨折女性患者行股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)手术时的输血情况。方法:选取天津市天津医院收治的88例股骨粗隆间骨折接受PFNA手术治疗的老年女性患者,采用胸12椎体(T12)水平的骨骼肌指数截断值30.6 cm2/m2诊断肌少症。本组88例患者中,肌少症组31例,非肌少症组57例。比较肌少症与非肌少症组患者一般资料及住院时间、输血量、输血率、术后1 d血红蛋白量、术后1年患者死亡率等资料。结果:肌少症组术后1d的血红蛋白量为(82.78±22.73)g/L,低于非肌少症组(98.89±24.79)g/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肌少症组的输血率(25.81%)及围术期输血量(1.51±0.93)U均显著大于非肌少症组(P<0.05);肌少症组的住院时间(13.31±5.13)d及术后1年内死亡率(32.26%)均高于非肌少症组(P<0.05)。结论:肌少症可导致老年股骨粗隆间骨折女性患者行PFNA手术的围术期输血量及输血率显著增加,并导致患者的住院时间及术后1年死亡率明显增加。肌少症对评估老年股骨粗隆间骨折的围术期输血风险及预后具有一定的应用价值。

打破“共谋沉默”:老年妇女的韧性、贡献与赋权

老龄问题的重要表现之一是社会性别问题,当前性别议题的年龄歧视和老龄议题的“女性弱势”共同塑造了脆弱的老年妇女形象。因此,2022年联合国国际老年人日的庆祝活动重点关注老年妇女的韧性及贡献,重视老年妇女在整个生命历程中利用自身资源应对逆境的能力和过程,以重新定位老年妇女。但关注韧性与贡献不能忽视老年妇女歧视交叉点的弱势地位,应对危机的恢复过程更凸显了老年妇女经历的韧性不平等。为提升老年妇女应对危机的韧性,赋权老年妇女,要做到理念先行,将“社会性别主流化”和“老龄问题主流化”有机结合;加强政策促进,维护并优化老年妇女的支持性环境;赋权增能,提升老年妇女应对危机的能力和信心;共创未来,构建全生命周期的韧性和能力提升框架。

重新认识老龄时代人力资源——基于第七次全国人口普查的中老年女性人口初析

中老年女性是老龄时代重要的人力资源,中国50~69岁中老年人口规模和占比正在上升,2030—2050年将处于高峰期。根据第七次全国人口普查的结果,中老年女性人口在就业、教育和主要生活来源方面都存在明显的城乡差距。城市中老年女性大多有相对稳定的生活来源且受教育程度较高,但在50岁以后快速退出就业状态。农村中老年女性的受教育程度存在明显的年龄差异,不过各年龄段的就业比例都高于城市,但她们的主要生活来源缺乏保障。在充分调动中老年女性人力资源并提高她们的收入等方面,相关国际经验可资借鉴。

小柴胡汤合四逆汤治疗老年女性非感染性尿频病例分析

老年女性非感染性尿频患者临床多见,且病情易反复,缠绵难愈,成为困扰广大老年女性的顽疾。此病多为生理因素、心理因素、局部损伤、妊娠、分娩、绝经期后雌激素水平下降盆底肌老化松弛,尿道扩约肌松弛等原因所致。本病辨证多属肝气郁结、肾阳不足、膀胱虚寒、气化失司。小柴胡汤和解少阳、调和肝脾,有疏肝解郁、健脾益气之功效,使神经递质的合成和分泌水平保持稳态,保护神经元,增加神经营养,调节雌孕激素及受体下游通路的活化,对多种因素导致的抑郁均有治疗作用,改善患者焦虑、抑郁状态。四逆汤温补命门之火,使肝气得舒,肾阳得充,膀胱气化功能恢复,阳充足,开阖有度则小便频急症状自然缓解。临床应用小柴胡汤合四逆汤加减治疗,疗效颇佳,为治疗老年女性非感染性尿频提供了思路。

老年女性腹膜透析患者并发肌少症的骨代谢特征及危险因素分析

目的分析老年女性腹膜透析(PD)患者并发肌少症的骨代谢特征及其危险因素。方法选取2015年1月至2021年12月本院就诊的72例老年女性PD患者,根据是否并发肌少症分为肌少症组和非肌少症组,收集临床资料,分析老年女性PD患者并发肌少症的骨代谢特征及其危险因素。结果72例老年女性PD患者中并发肌少症23例,发生率约为31.9%;与非肌少症组比较,肌少症组的透析龄、合并糖尿病比例、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素、I型前胶原氨基末端肽、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRACP)和Ⅰ型胶原交联C-末端肽(CTX-1)等水平均明显升高,而体质量指数、腰椎骨密度(BMD)、25羟基维生素D3等水平均显著降低(P<0.05);多元Logistic回归分析显示:透析龄、糖尿病、TRACP和CTX-1是老年女性PD患者并发肌少症的独立危险因素;Peason相关分析显示,老年女性PD患者并发肌少症与透析龄、糖尿病、TRACP和CTX-1呈正相关关系。结论老年女性PD患者并发肌少症与透析龄、糖尿病、TRACP和CTX-1等危险因素密切相关。因此,建议针对具有以上危险因素的老年女性PD患者及时进行肌少症评估,以期早期防治肌少症。

老年女性维吾尔族慢性心力衰竭患者的临床特点

目的:分析南疆地区年龄≥60岁的老年女性维吾尔族慢性心力衰竭患者临床特点及代谢特征。方法:选取就诊的女性维吾尔族慢性心力衰竭患者503例为研究对象,根据年龄分为<60岁中青年组157例,≥60岁老年组346例,收集患者一般基线资料及实验室指标,回顾性分析老年女性维吾尔族慢性心力衰竭患者的临床特点。结果:本研究纳入女性患者射血分数减低的心力衰竭(HFrEF)、射血分数中间值的心力衰竭(HFmrEF)、射血分数保留的心力衰竭(HFpEF)分别占29.6%、32.0%、38.4%,中青年组、老年组心力衰竭分型均以HFpEF占比最高。中青年组、老年组均以冠心病、高血压主要病因,老年组冠心病、高血压占比更高(P<0.05)。常见合并症依次为心律失常(36.2%)、糖尿病(28.0%)、肾功能不全(20.1%),老年组糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)比例更高(P<0.05)。老年组空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白、NLR、PLR、SII水平更高,间接胆红素、白蛋白水平更低(P<0.05)。结论:与中青年女性比较,南疆地区老年女性维吾尔族慢性心力衰竭患者一般状况更差,合并基础疾病更多,血糖水平、致动脉粥样硬化性脂蛋白、炎性反应因子水平更高。

孕前及孕期保健对高龄产妇不良妊娠结局的改善效果

目的:分析孕前及孕期保健对高龄产妇不良妊娠结局的影响,旨在为临床相关防治策略的制定提供参考。方法:选取2019年2月—2021年3月在闽清县总医院进行妊娠期检查的204名高龄产妇为研究对象。通过随机数表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各102人。给予对照组产妇常规检测,观察组在对照组常规检测基础上给予产妇孕前及孕期保健。观察并比较两组产妇妊娠并发症、不良妊娠结局发生率、心理状态、新生儿出生缺陷率和Agar评分情况。结果:观察组产妇产后出血、妊娠高血压、糖尿病发生率分别为2.94%、7.84%、23.53%,均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为11.464、14.262和6.473,P值均<0.05)。观察组产妇流产、早产、胎膜早破发生率分别为12.75%、2.94%、1.96%,均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为5.358、4.605和7.196,P值均<0.05)。观察组产妇妊娠1个月、妊娠6个月和分娩24小时的SAS评分和SDS评分均低于对照组。观察组新生儿低体重、巨大儿和新生儿总缺陷率分别为4.49%、3.37%和8.99%,均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为13.064、8.831和29.225,P值均<0.05)。观察组新生儿呼吸、皮肤颜色、心搏速率、肌张力和反射评分分别为(1.45±0.16)分、(1.51±0.18)分、(1.48±0.37)分、(1.17±0.36)分、(1.60±0.22)分,均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为19.490、12.445、7.744、5.064和8.167,P值均<0.05)。结论:采用孕前及孕期保健有助于改善高龄产妇心理状态,降低不良妊娠结局、妊娠并发症和新生儿缺陷发生率,提高新生儿身体素质,具有较好临床应用价值。

当代大龄单身女性的婚恋选择与隐性焦虑——以“她综艺”为视角

近年来,“她综艺”的火爆在某种程度上反映了女性力量的崛起,其中高热度的婚恋题材也映射出了潜藏在屏幕背后的女性婚恋焦虑。结合“她综艺”中的大龄单身女性,基于婚恋话题,探讨大龄单身女性的婚恋选择和潜在焦虑。大龄单身女性以“不将就”“三观契合”和“务实双赢”作为婚恋选择的关键词。来自自我、家庭、社会多元交叉的压力加深了大龄单身女性在婚恋选择中的困惑与迷茫。面对婚恋羁绊的大龄单身女性要善于接纳自我,拒绝“他者”凝视,并在此基础上形成共识,打造平等和谐的两性性别秩序生态,真正实现婚恋自由。