MTTSNet:Military time-sensitive targets stealth network via real-time mask generation

The automatic stealth task of military time-sensitive targets plays a crucial role in maintaining national military security and mastering battlefield dynamics in military applications.We propose a novel Military Time-sensitive Targets Stealth Network via Real-time Mask Generation(MTTSNet).According to our knowledge,this is the first technology to automatically remove military targets in real-time from videos.The critical steps of MTTSNet are as follows:First,we designed a real-time mask generation network based on the encoder-decoder framework,combined with the domain expansion structure,to effectively extract mask images.Specifically,the ASPP structure in the encoder could achieve advanced semantic feature fusion.The decoder stacked high-dimensional information with low-dimensional information to obtain an effective mask layer.Subsequently,the domain expansion module guided the adaptive expansion of mask images.Second,a context adversarial generation network based on gated convolution was constructed to achieve background restoration of mask positions in the original image.In addition,our method worked in an end-to-end manner.A particular semantic segmentation dataset for military time-sensitive targets has been constructed,called the Military Time-sensitive Target Masking Dataset(MTMD).The MTMD dataset experiment successfully demonstrated that this method could create a mask that completely occludes the target and that the target could be hidden in real time using this mask.We demonstrated the concealment performance of our proposed method by comparing it to a number of well-known and highly optimized baselines.

Research of vibrations effect on hydraulic valves in military vehicles

The paper discusses minimizing the effect of external mechanical vibration on hydraulic valves in different military hydraulic drive systems.The current research work presents an analysis of the potential to reduce vibration on the valve casing by installing a valve flexibly on a vibrating surface,i.e.,by introducing a material with known stiffness and damping characteristics between the valve casing and the vibrating surface-a steel spring package or special cushions made of elastomer material or of oilresistant rubber.The article also demonstrates that elastomer cushions placed inside the valve casingbetween the casing and the centering springs-can be used as a supplementary or alternative solution in the analyzed method for mitigating the transfer of vibrations.By using materials with appropriately selected elastic and dissipative properties,the effectiveness of vibro-isolation can be increased.The presented theoretical analyzes by linear and non-linear mathematical models have been verified experimentally.

Survey and technological analysis of laser and its defense applications

The laser technology has made remarkable progress over the past couple of decades.It is being widely employed in diverse domains,such as holography,space sciences,spectroscopy,medical sciences,micro and power electronics,industrial engineering,and most distinctively,as directed energy military weapons.Owing to their active transmissions,laser systems are similar to microwave radars to some extent;however,unlike conventional radars,the laser operates at very high frequencies thus making it a potent enabler of narrow-beam and high energy aerial deployments,both in offensive and defensive roles.In modern avionics systems,laser target indicators and beam riders are the most common devices that are used to direct the Laser Guided Weapons(LGW)accurately to the ground targets.Additionally,compact size and outstanding angular resolution of laser-based systems motivate their use for drones and unmanned aerial applications.Moreover,the narrow-beam divergence of laser emissions offers a low probability of intercept,making it a suitable contender for secure transmissions and safety-critical operations.Furthermore,the developments in space sciences and laser technology have given synergistic potential outcomes to use laser systems in space operations.This paper comprehensively reviews laser applications and projects for strategic defense actions on the ground or in space.Additionally,a detailed analysis has been done on recent advancements of the laser technology for target indicators and range-finders.It also reviews the advancements in the field of laser communications for surveillance,its earlier state of the art,and ongoing scientific research and advancements in the domain of high energy directed laser weapons that have revolutionized the evolving military battlefield.Besides offering a comprehensive taxonomy,the paper also critically analyzes some of the recent contributions in the associated domains.

Visual-simulation region proposal and generative adversarial network based ground military target recognition

Ground military target recognition plays a crucial role in unmanned equipment and grasping the battlefield dynamics for military applications, but is disturbed by low-resolution and noisyrepresentation. In this paper, a recognition method, involving a novel visual attention mechanismbased Gabor region proposal sub-network(Gabor RPN) and improved refinement generative adversarial sub-network(GAN), is proposed. Novel central-peripheral rivalry 3D color Gabor filters are proposed to simulate retinal structures and taken as feature extraction convolutional kernels in low-level layer to improve the recognition accuracy and framework training efficiency in Gabor RPN. Improved refinement GAN is used to solve the problem of blurry target classification, involving a generator to directly generate large high-resolution images from small blurry ones and a discriminator to distinguish not only real images vs. fake images but also the class of targets. A special recognition dataset for ground military target, named Ground Military Target Dataset(GMTD), is constructed. Experiments performed on the GMTD dataset effectively demonstrate that our method can achieve better energy-saving and recognition results when low-resolution and noisy-representation targets are involved, thus ensuring this algorithm a good engineering application prospect.

Efficient Hybrid Energy Optimization Method in Location Aware Unmanned WSN

The growth of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)has revolutionized thefield of technology and it is used in different application frameworks.Unmanned edges and other critical locations can be monitored using the navigation sensor node.The WSN required low energy consumption to provide a high network and guarantee the ultimate goal.The main objective of this work is to propose hybrid energy optimization in local aware environments.The hybrid proposed work consists of clustering,optimization,direct and indirect communication and routing.The aim of this research work is to provide and framework for reduced energy and trusted communication with the shortest path to reach source to destination in WSN and an extending lifetime of wireless sensors.The proposed Artificial Fish Swarm Optimization algorithm is used for energy optimization in military applications which is simulated using Network Simulator(NS)tool.This work optimizes the energy level and the same is compared with various genetic algorithms(GA)and also the cluster selection process was compared with thefission-fusion(FF)selection method.The results of the proposed work show,improvement in energy optimization,throughput and time delay.

Cost Minimization of Wireless Sensor Networks with Unlimited-lifetime Energy for Monitoring Oil Pipelines

Cyber-physical-system (CPS) has been widely used in both civil and military applications. Wireless sensor network (WSN) as the part and parcel of CPS faces energy problem because sensors are battery powered, which results in limited lifetime of the network. To address this energy problem, we take advantage of energy harvesting device (EHD) and study how to indefinitely prolong oil pipeline monitoring network lifetime by reasonable selecting EHD. Firstly, we propose a general strategy worst case-energy balance strategy (WC-EBS), which defines worst case energy consumption (WCEC) as the maximum energy sensor node could expend for oil pipeline monitoring WSN. When the energy collected by EHD is equal or greater than WCEC, network can have an unlimited lifetime. However, energy harvesting rate is proportional to the price of EHD, WC-EBS will cause high network cost. To reduce network cost, we present two optimization strategies, optimization workloadenergy balance strategy (OW-EBS ) and optimization first nodeenergy balance strategy (OF-EBS). The main idea of OW-EBS is to cut down WCEC by reducing critical node transmission workload; OF-EBS confirms critical node by optimizing each sensor node transmission range, then we get the optimal energy harvesting rate in OF-EBS. The experimental results demonstrate that OF-EBS can indefinitely extend network lifetime with lower cost than WC-EBS and OW-EBS, and energy harvesting rate P in each strategy satisfies POF-EBS ≤POW-EBS ≤PWC-EBS. © 2014 Chinese Association of Automation.

Efficient Deep Learning Modalities for Object Detection from Infrared Images

For military warfare purposes,it is necessary to identify the type of a certain weapon through video stream tracking based on infrared(IR)video frames.Computer vision is a visual search trend that is used to identify objects in images or video frames.For military applications,drones take a main role in surveillance tasks,but they cannot be confident for longtime missions.So,there is a need for such a system,which provides a continuous surveillance task to support the drone mission.Such a system can be called a Hybrid Surveillance System(HSS).This system is based on a distributed network of wireless sensors for continuous surveillance.In addition,it includes one or more drones to make short-time missions,if the sensors detect a suspicious event.This paper presents a digital solution to identify certain types of concealed weapons in surveillance applications based on Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)and Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory(ConvLSTM).Based on initial results,the importance of video frame enhancement is obvious to improve the visibility of objects in video streams.The accuracy of the proposed methods reach 99%,which reflects the effectiveness of the presented solution.In addition,the experimental results prove that the proposed methods provide superior performance compared to traditional ones.

Research Status and Development Direction of Smart Clothing Materials

With the continuous development of technology and society, smart devices have filled people’s lives and become an indispensable part of people’s lives. At the same time, smart clothing has also been greatly developed. This article introduces several smart clothing materials, analyzes the current research status of smart clothing materials, and further discusses the applications of smart clothing materials in military, medical, intelligent decoration, and sports and leisure fields. Then the problems of smart clothing in safety, environmental protection, and industrial technology are analyzed, and the corresponding solutions to these problems are proposed, so as to provide reference and guidance for the future development of smart clothing in China. And the research shows that smart clothing will develop in the direction of fashion and diversification, function and comfort, safety and environmental protection, convenience and low cost in the future.

New Metrics for the Detection of Suicide Bombers

An experimental field study was conducted at the University of California at Santa Cruz USA to determine if radar cross section signals were different between a person without wearing any wires and a person wearing both a suicide vest and wires with （without） loops in the wires. The data was collected using the GunnPlexer Doppler radar at 12.5 GHz at various safe distances using various subjects both without any wires and wearing a suicide vest with detonation wires and with detonation wires and loops. The raw data was separated in its horizontal and vertical polarization signals （HH and VV）. The analysis of these two HH and VV polarization signals from the data allowed several promising metrics to be created. These metrics were individually tested in a Monte Carlo simulation which is in order to determine the probability of detection of a would-be suicide bomber. The results of the Monte Carlo simulation showed that the metrics yielded a probability of successful detection of slightly over 98% and a false positive rate of just less than 2 %. This research and its result are encouraging and suggest further testing to insure that suicide bombers can be found prior to their detonation of their bombs at a safe range.

Enhanced solar-blind ultraviolet single-photon detection with a Geiger-mode silicon avalanche photodiode

Solar-blind ultraviolet detection is of great importance in astronomy and industrial and military applications. Here, we report enhanced solar-blind ultraviolet single-photon detection by a normal silicon avalanche photo- diode （Si APD） single-photon detector with a specially designed photon-collecting device. By re-focusing the reflected photon from the Si chip surface on the detection area by the aluminum-coated hemisphere, the detec- tion efficiency of the Si APD at 280 nm can be improved to 4.62%. This system has the potential for high-efficiency photon detection in the solar-blind ultraviolet regime with low noise.

Design of an optical device with three functions based on coordinate transformation

Based on two-step coordinate transformation along the radial direction, an optical device with three functions is proposed. The proposed device functions as a transparent device, a vision-enabling internal cloak, and a movement-allowing external cloak. The general expressions of material parameters for the optical device are determined, and each function of the device is confirmed using full-wave simulation. The effect of material loss on device performance is also investigated. Future applications for the proposed device include antenna protection and military stealth.