Doctors’Dilemma in Auspicious Pulse Diagnosis Represented in Ming-Qing Fiction

Auspicious pulse diagnosis/pregnancy diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine involves such issues as medical skills,narrative skills,family decency,and ethics.It is an excellent case for the exploration of ethical dilemmas in traditional Chinese medical practice.The early classical medical texts such as Su Wen(Basic Questions)and Ling Shu Jing(Spiritual Pivot Canon)provide a principle-based ethical guide for doctor-patient communication,while popular fiction such as Hong Lou Meng(A Dream of Red Mansions),Yu Mu Xing Xin Bian(Stories:Entertain to Enlighten),and Feng Yue Meng(Courtesans and Opium)in the Ming and Qing dynasties present literary examples for solving ethical dilemmas.This article will analyze these texts from three perspectives.First,the doctors in the text were subject to gender order and other delicate etiquette and customs,therefore were unable to make the diagnosis without embarrassing the patients and jeopardizing family decency.Second,the narrator tends to attribute pregnancy misdiagnosis to three reasons:incomplete patient information,doctors’poor narrative competence,and doctors’corrupted medical ethics.Finally,the Ming-Qing fiction proposes three methods to solve this moral dilemma:clear pulse reading,tactful speech,and taboo challenging.This discussion of moral dilemmas in pregnancy diagnosis in traditional Chinese medical practice can be used as a reference for the localization of narrative medicine.

Exploring Lives of China Ming-Qing Female Poets： Collaboration of the “Ming-Qing Women’s Writings Digital Archive and Database” and the “China Biographical Database”

Based on the “Ming-Qing Women’s Writings （MQWW）, a digital archive and database” project and the “China Biographical Database （CBDB）” project, which have been collaborating since 2008, this paper uses different digital methods to analyse the Ming-Qing women poets’ lives, such as the themes of their poems, their geographical distribution, and their social networks. The aim of this paper is to show researchers various prospects for the integration of digital humanities projects.

基于《清明上河图》的三朝建筑比较研究

北宋的《清明上河图》是宋代风俗画的巅峰之作,后人临摹、仿画了一系列此类纪实性画作,忠实反映了画者所处朝代的风物人情,其中也包含着建筑领域的信息。通过对比各版本《清明上河图》的概况,分别选取北宋张择端版、明朝仇英版以及清院本版的《清明上河图》作为研究对象。分析了各版本画中的六种主要建筑类型,即城门、寺院、官僚宅第、城市民居、酒肆店铺和虹桥,并分别对每种类型建筑进行纵向对比研究。以比对的结果为依据,阐述了宋、明、清三朝建筑的部分发展与演变。

An Aware-Scheduling Security Architecture with Priority-Equal Multi-Controller for SDN

Current SDN controllers suffer from a series of potential attacks. For example, malicious flow rules may lead to system disorder by introducing unexpected flow entries. In this paper, we propose Mcad-SA, an aware decision-making security architecture with multiple controllers, which could coordinate heterogeneous controllers internally as a "big" controller. This architecture includes an additional plane, the scheduling plane, which consists of transponder, sensor, decider and scheduler. Meanwhile it achieves the functions of communicating, supervising and scheduling between data and control plane. In this framework, we adopt the vote results from the majority of controllers to determine valid flow rules distributed to switches. Besides, an aware dynamic scheduling(ADS) mechanism is devised in scheduler to intensify security of Mcad-SA further. Combined with perception, ADS takes advantage of heterogeneity and redundancy of controllers to enable the control plane operate in a dynamic, reliable and unsteady state, which results in significant difficulty of probing systems and executing attacks. Simulation results demonstrate the proposed methods indicate better security resilience over traditional architectures as they have lower failure probability when facing attacks.

湖北容美土司爵府遗址发掘报告

容美土司是明清时期西南地区较强大的土司之一,留下了极为丰富的文化遗存,爵府遗址即为其重要的组成部分。遗址为容美土司的第二行政中心,是一处集行政、生活、文化娱乐和军事等设施于一体的明清建筑遗址群。遗址的发掘和保护,是全面揭示容美土司文化的重要前提,也有助于理解和认识明清时期的土司制度。

Design of hospital healing gardens linked to pre- or post-occupancy research findings

This work examined the evidence-based design （EBD） and post-occupancy research of hospital healing gardens. The lack of statutory design guidelines raises concerns on how such gardens are created and whether they meet the intended design purpose. This issue is particularly important for hospitals because a neutral or even a negative effect on users can be generated. A systematic analysis of the literature in two databases （Scopus and Web of Science） was undertaken. Results showed that pre- and post-occupancy research findings on hospital healing garden design are sparse and design recommendations vary among users. Despite the tack of research on the design of healing gardens, the review showed that while post-occupancy research findings evaluate the effectiveness of design recommendations, pre-occupancy research findings, combined with site analysis, constitute a traditional approach followed in landscape architecture practice and determine the site and user features that must be addressed for each hospital. Pre- and post-research findings must be considered in the design process to create a “successful” healing garden. A summary of EBD recommendations for different users is presented, and the need to enrich the existing amount of EBD recommenda-tions is highlighted.

Quantitative analysis of the impact of droughts and floods on internal wars in China over the last 500 years

Although many large-N quantitative studies have evidenced the adverse effects of climatic extremes on social stability in China during the historical period, most of them rely on temperature and precipitation as major explanatory variables, while the influence of floods and droughts on social crises is rarely measured. Furthermore, a comparison of the climate-society nexus among different geographic regions and at different temporal scales is missing in those studies. To address this knowledge gap,this study examines quantitatively the influence of floods and droughts on internal wars in three agro-ecological(rice, wheat,and pastoral) regions in China in AD1470–1911. Poisson regression and wavelet transform coherence analyses are applied to allow for the non-linear and non-stationary nature of the climate-war nexus. Results show that floods and droughts are significant in driving internal wars in historical China, but are characterized by strong regional variation. In the rice region, floods trigger internal wars at the inter-annual and multi-decadal time scales. In the wheat region, both floods and droughts cause internal wars at the inter-annual and multi-decadal time scales. In the pastoral region, internal wars are associated with floods only at the multi-decadal time scale. In addition, the multi-decadal coherence between hydro-climatic extremes and internal wars in all three of the agro-ecological regions is only significant in periods in which population density is increasing or the upper limit of regional carrying capacity is being reached. The above results imply that the climate-war nexus is mediated by regional geographic factors such as physical environmental setting and population pressure. Hence, we encourage researchers who study the historical human-climate relationship to boil down data according to geographic regions in the course of statistical analysis and to examine each region individually in follow-up studies.

Sustainable strategies applied on commercia architecture in Australia

Recent innovations in modern architectural technology facilitated the development and widespread uti（isation of sustainable commercia（ bui（dings for sustainable socia｜ devetopment. In this research, commercial architecture in Austratia is demonstrated as a basis for determining how sustainab（e technology could be controlled and what the eco-maintenance and materia（s of major building elements should be. This research also analyzes and describes the sustainable commercial architecture background in Austra（ia. A widety integrated approach is emp（oyed in the critical process of general architectura（ design because commercial buildings must integrate sociology, architecture, and aesthetics.

Exploring system architectures in AADL via POLYCHRONY and SYNDEx

Architecture analysis ＆ design language （AADL） has been increasingly adopted in the design of em- bedded systems, and corresponding scheduling and formal verification have been well studied. However, little work takes code distribution and architecture exploration into ac- count, particularly considering clock constraints, for dis- tributed multi-processor systems. In this paper, we present an overview of our approach to handle these concerns, together with the associated toolchain, AADL-PoLYCHRONY-SYNDEx. First, in order to avoid semantic ambiguities of AADL, the polychronous/multiclock semantics of AADL, based on a polychronous model of computation, is considered. Clock synthesis is then carried out in POLYCHRONY, which bridges the gap between the polychronous semantics and the syn- chronous semantics of SYNDEx. The same timing semantics is always preserved in order to ensure the correctness of the transformations between different formalisms. Code distri- bution and corresponding scheduling is carried out on the obtained SYNDEx model in the last step, which enables the exploration of architectures originally specified in AADL. Our contribution provides a fast yet efficient architecture ex- ploration approach for the design of distributed real-time and embedded systems. An avionic case study is used here to illustrate our approach.

Javanese vernacular architecture and environmental synchronization based on the regional diversity of Joglo and Limasan

Joglo and Limasan are traditional Javanese architecture structures and the most preferred vernacular dwellings in Java. These houses spread to other areas through Central Java and the Yogyakarta Province of Indonesia. Given the local characteristics, the architecture of these structures is not merely identical in some aspects but is also based on the people and the natural environment. This study examines how environmental synchronization related to vernacular sustainability can be achieved based on the regional diversity between Joglo and Limasan in Centrat Java for contemporary custom. The architectural features of form, size, orientation, materials, and openings from samples of 10 areas in rural Central Java are compared to discover their distinctive sustainability methods. This study aims to prove the capability of the Javanese to synchronize their house in various ways. The reasons behind such synchronization are explored from both natural and social aspects to gain an enhanced understanding of the disparity in vernacular architecture in relation with the environment. Results indicate that within the same category, houses in each area show their indigenous architecture as result of synchronization with the local nature and the social circumstances of the people.

Effects of vernacular architecture structure on urban sustainability case study： Qeshm Island, Iran

The architecture of Qeshm Island includes the specific architectural style of a warm and wet area, which previously had a functional use aimed to reach a sustainable architecture and development. However, few studies on the identification of the characteristics of vernacular architecture and their roles in island stability have been performed. Thus, to understand the vernacular architecture of the island as a sustainable pattern, we discussed it separately in three aspects, namely, urban fabric, one-based architecture, and architectural details. To address our study, a part of the old fabric of the city with its existing buildings （42 buildings of 70 years of age） was selected and evaluated in a qualitative study. Results showed that in the scale of the urban fabric, factors, such as the structures of the buildings, the frame of the neighborhood spaces, and in terms of the architectural details, factors, such as bars, thickness of the watts, and the openings, are among the vernacular features of the area, playing an important rote in the stability of Qeshm Island. In general, studies showed that vernacular architecture of the island has focused on developing an orientation between the climate of the region and a good understanding of the construction.

Applying the electroforming process to bio-inspired architecture： The case of Castelbuono Estate Winery

Inaugurated in June 2012, the Carapace at Castelbuono Estate Winery in Italy is a highly interesting example of biomorphic architecture. The structure, an artistic creation of world-renowned sculptor Arnatdo Pomodoro, is reminiscent of a tortoise shell that conveys a sense of protection： the Carapace structure guards wine barriques in the same way that the tortoise carapace protects the animal. Zoomorphic aspects are further exhibited by symbots on the roof, which remind observers of cuttlefish bone, a recurring element in the artistic production of Maestro Pomodoro. The roof was constructed by assembly of single copper plates with a rough surface in accordance with the design of the artist. Therefore, determining the appropriate production process was crucial. Etectroforming was selected as the method to achieve a challenging architectural goal.

Runtime model based approach to IoT application development

The internet of things （loT） attracts great interest in many application domains concerned with monitoring and ：ontrol of physical phenomena. However, application devel- opment is still one of the main hurdles to a wide adoption of IoT technology. Application development is done at a low level, very close to the operating system and requires pro- grammers to focus on low-level system issues. The under- lying APIs can be very complicated and the amount of data collected can be huge. This can be very hard to deal with as a developer. In this paper, we present a runtime model based approach to IoT application development. First, the manage- ability of sensor devices is abstracted as runtime models that are automatically connected with the corresponding systems. Second, a customized model is constructed according to a personalized application scenario and the synchronization be- tween the customized model and sensor device runtime mod- els is ensured through model transformation. Thus, all the application logic can be carried out by executing programs on the customized model. An experiment on a real-world ap- plication scenario demonstrates the feasibility, effectiveness, and benefits of the new approach to IoT application develop- ment.

Regional Society and Xiangzu (Rural Lineage) Theories:Socioeconomic History from a Comparative Perspective

Today’s Chinese and Japanese scholars have maintained close dialogues and exchanges in their research on ancient Chinese history.The socioeconomic history of the Jiangnan region during the Ming and Qing dynasties involves two important research areas:regional history and socioeconomic history.Whereas the former embraces a holistic macro-view,the latter lays stress on the economic and social behavior of humankind.Over past years,endeavors to combine the two areas have produced a number of influential general conclusions on the social development of Jiangnan during the Ming and Qing.Professor Mori Masao,a Japanese scholar,has provided an in-depth interpretation of the theory of regional society,while Professor Zheng Zhenman,a Chinese scholar,has responded in terms of xiangzu theory.Long-term dialogues and exchanges in the international academic world that inspire theoretical innovation in studies of earlier societies can serve as a valuable source for the intellectual community.

The Chinese Scholar-Rebel-Advisor Li Yan,1606—2018,a Man for Our Season

From 1644 to 2003,many Chinese historians and novelists debated the existence and the identity of a provincial graduate from Qi county in Henan province who reportedly helped the commoner rebel Li Zicheng overthrow the Ming polity(1368—1644)only to be suspected of disloyalty and killed by the rebel leader,thus clearing the way for the Qing that ruled China from 1644 to 1911.In 2004 there was discovered a genealogical manuscript that goes far towards solving the Li Yan puzzle and allows us to see how rumors were incorporated into histories and literary works that appealed to a wide variety of people over the course of three and a half centuries.In this essay,I compare and contrast the emerging mythistorical figure of Li Yan with other scholar-rebel-advisors in Chinese and world history and suggest that he was most akin to the Lord Chancellor Thomas More in sixteenth-century England who spoke truth to power and was celebrated in twentieth-century history and 1让erature.

Interpretation of architectural identity through landmark architecture： The case of Prishtina, Kosovo from the 1970s to the 1980s

The period in Kosovo from the 1970s to the early 1980s is important yet insufficiently explored. The period is characterized by a liberal approach toward the development of the region. Such development of Kosovo was evident in all spheres of life, including architecture, which functions as an integral part of a society and its progress. This progress was ＂supported＂ with an intention to overpower the existing architectural environment and the overall identity of the region in some way. However, when this progress was realized wherein numerous buildings considered important were materialized, an intention to have the earlier and ＂original＂ spatial structures to be replaced became evident. In the case of Kosovo, the term ＂liberal＂ can be understood negatively and positively. From the architectural viewpoint, desi^Ins tend to follow technological advances and ＂trends＂ of the time. Consequently, the materialization of such buildings, which are surrounded by symbolisms related to different types of identity and leading toward regional modernism, is an important part to emphasize. The current study aims to consider important thoughts about architectural identity and its categories in general but specific to the context of Kosovo. The history of the region has a critical story of influences toward its formation. Although several philosophies were accepted by the mass, others produced the antidote of the actual input. This study considers theimportance of finding the best possible interpretation of Kosovo＇s architectural identity, such that Kosovo can be well known in the future as it was in the past.

Community in the information age： Exploring the social potential of web-based technologies in landscape architecture and community design

Critics have pointed at new technologies as cutprits in the decline of civic life, neighboring and social capital construction in Western societies. When applied to community design and ptanning processes, technologies can empower residents to actively engage in decision-making, foster connections across social groups, with positive consequences on life and sociatization in public spaces. What kind of participation do technotogies foster？ And is it the kind that bridges social and ideotogical divides？ The 2012 community design process for Hawthorne Park in Medford, Oregon illustrates many of the challenges and opportunities connected to the use of new technologies in design. In the process, technologies were instrumental in enlisting a larger-than-usual number of residents to participate in the design of the park. Blogs and online questionnaires were successful in gathering people＇s thoughts on the design choices being made, but also favored a limited, intermittent form of engagement. The results are synthesized in principles for the successful integration of web-based technologies in future community design efforts： adaptability, fuji participation, nuanced participation and the need for links to the physical realm.

Soundscape actions： A tool for noise treatment based on three workshops in landscape architecture

This paper reports experiences from three workshops dealing with soundscape as a noise treatment approach in landscape architecture. The workshops were conducted between 2012 and 2016 in different contexts, for different purposes and with different participants. The paper describes the workshop approach employed and analyzes the proposals made by workshop participants to employ ＂soundscape action＂ as an operational tool in landscape architecture projects. Through a process of ＇keywording＇ and clustering proposals from the workshops, 22 pragmatic soundscape actions emerged and are described on a generat level. The paper then discusses the outcomes and experiences from the workshops and retates this to landscape architecture practice.

Zhao Yingcheng from Fact to Fiction： The Story of ＂The Great Advisor＂

Zhao Yingcheng （1619-1657）, known as ＂The Great Advisor＂, is the only Kaifeng Jew who is mentioned both in the synagogal stele of 1663 and in Chinese gazetteers during his lifetime. Zhao, given the Hebrew name of Moshe ben Avram, was fluent in Hebrew but also achieved success as a Confucian scholar familiar with the Chinese classics. He would have witnessed the destruction of his hometown by a catastrophic flood during the 1642 Siege of Kaifeng. In 1645, at the age of 26, he attained the jinshi rank in the Imperial Exams, in which only one in 10,000 can- didates was successful. A year later, he was appointed Minister of Justice for the newly installed Qing Dynasty and supervised the controversial decree forcing the Manchu tonsure onto the Han population as a mark of submission. In 1647, he was sent as an envoy to quell the unrest in Fujian province. After defeating bands of violent warlords funded by the notorious pirate Koxinga, Zhao set up a system of public schools to provide greater economic opportunity for the poor. After the death of his father, Zhao returned to Kaifeng for the three-year mourning period; during that time, he funded the restoration of the synagogue, which had been destroyed in the deluge, and the rectification of the Torah scrolls damaged in that catastrophe. Though the biographical facts are sparse, when these are juxtaposed with the dra- matic events that unfolded during his short lifetime, the potential for a fascinating historical fictionalization emerges. Moreover, many of those historical events in seventeenth-century China--climate change, elite corruption, populist revolt, xenophobia, terrorism, law and order, etc.--resonate with contemporary tropes. The story of ＂The Great Advisor＂ shows how a Jew in seventeenth-century China rose to national prominence at a time when Jews in Europe faced severe discrimination and persecution.

Behind ＂Burning＂： Women Writers＇ Self-Censorship and Self-Promotion

This article examines the phenomenon of women writers burning their own manuscripts, which took place during the Ming-Qing period. By analyzing women＇s poems and biographies of women, this study explores the reasons and implications behind ＂burning.＂ The self-censorship embodied by ＂burning＂ was geared towards protecting female virtue or enabling women writers to express their intense personal emotions while promoting an ideal public self-image. For example, due to their gender and class-consciousness, upper-class women tended to portray themselves as virtuous ladies, whereas, in contrast, courtesan writers were fascinated with the power of love. However, the act of burning manuscripts could both lead to partial loss of an author＇s works and imbue her writing with the tantalizing aura of an unfulfilled promise, thereby immortalizing the manuscripts that had almost been turned to ashes and publicizing the work of the formerly obscure author. In this sense, the ＂burning＂ is transformed into a literary conceit which promotes women＇s writings instead of destroying them. This article demonstrates the dual functions of manuscript burning by Ming-Qing women： self-censorship and self-promotion.