Utilizing sediment grain size characteristics to assess the effectiveness of clay–sand barriers in reducing aeolian erosion in Minqin desert area,China

The clay–sand barriers in Minqin desert area,China,represent a pioneering windbreak and sand fixation project with a venerable history of 60 a.However,studies on evaluating the long-term effectiveness of clay–sand barriers against aeolian erosion,particularly from the perspective of surface sediment grain size,are limited and thus insufficient to ascertain the protective impact of these barriers on regional aeolian activities.This study focused on the surface sediments(topsoil of 0–3 cm depth)of clay–sand barriers in Minqin desert area to explain their erosion resistance from the perspective of surface sediment grain size.In March 2023,six clay–sand barrier sampling plots with clay–sand barriers of different deployment durations(1,5,10,20,40,and 60 a)were selected as experimental plots,and one control sampling plot was set in an adjacent mobile sandy area without sand barriers.Surface sediment samples were collected from the topsoil of each sampling plot in the study area in April 2023 and sediment grain size characteristics were analyzed.Results indicated a predominance of fine and medium sands in the surface sediments of the study area.The deployment of clay–sand barriers cultivated a fine quality in grain size composition of the regional surface sediments,increasing the average contents of very fine sand,silt,and clay by 30.82%,417.38%,and 381.52%,respectively.This trend became markedly pronounced a decade after the deployment of clay–sand barriers.The effectiveness of clay–sand barriers in erosion resistance was manifested through reduced wind velocity,the interception of sand flow,and the promotion of fine surface sediment particles.Coarser particles such as medium,coarse,and very coarse sands predominantly accumulated on the external side of the barriers,while finer particles such as fine and very fine sands concentrated in the upwind(northwest)region of the barriers.By contrast,the contents of finest particles such as silt and clay were higher in the downwind(southeast)region of the sampling plots.For the study area,the deployment of clay–sand barriers remains one of the most cost-effective engineering solutions for aeolian erosion control,with sediment grain size parameters serving as quantitative indicators for the assessment of these barriers in combating desertification.The results of this study provide a theoretical foundation for the construction of windbreak and sand fixation systems and the optimization of artificial sand control projects in arid desert areas.

Response of Grassland Vegetation to Air Temperature and Precipitation in Minqin Desert Region

[ Objective] This paper aims to analyze response characteristics of desert grassland vegetation to climate change. [ Method] The responses of grassland vegetation in desert region to air temperature/precipitation changes were analyzed by phenological observations since 1974, observation data conceming vegetation samples and meteorological data during the same period. The changing trend significance was denoted by linear trend line and its regression significance. The interrelation between the two variables was indicated by correlation coefficients. Data were analyzed by the software SPSS 13.0. [Result] （1） The rising rate of annual average temperature in the Minqin desert area since 1961 was greater than both the global level and Ghina＇s level over the past century. （2） Desert plants＇ response to temperature changes were mainly displayed as the advance of spring phenology, the delay of autumn phenology and the extension of growing duration. Plants＇ main response to precipitation changes was that vegetation coverage and pure coverage were decreasing along with precipitation reducing. （3） Both the vegetation coverage and pure coverage mainly had a positive correlation with the annual precipitation. Plant density mostly had a positive correlation with the precipitation in September. （4） The impact of rising temperature on plant phenology in spring was greater than that in autumn. [ Conclusion] The effects of temperature changes on desert grassland plants were the advance of spring phenology, the delay of autumn phenology, the extension of growing season and longer plant growing period than that in other reports. The responses of desert grassland vegetation to precipitation changes were that both vegetation coverage and pure coverage were decreasing along with precipitation reducing, and plant density fluctuated along with precipitation change.

Temperature Regulation Effect of Desert Vegetation in Minqin Desert Area

[ Objective] The paper was to study the effects of desert vegetation on temperature regulation and stabilization in desert area. [ Method] The survey data of quadrats in five kinds of plant communities in Minqin desert area were preliminarily estimated. [Result] Desert vegetation had the ecological functions of regulating desert temperature and stabilizing sharp increase of temperature, especially the irreplaceable ecological function of slowing down sandstorm each spring in northwest China compared to physical sand-fixatian measures. The air humidity in forest region was relatively large, and the climate was more stable. The climate in desert area was dry, with intense changes in air temperature. Although the solar radiation utilization rate of desert vegetation per unit area in Minqin oasis fringe was 5.8% of that of 100% coverage vegetation, it had non-ignorable significance in regulating temperature of local desert. Regulating temperature was one of the ecological functions of desert vegetation. Previous studies only considered wind proof and sand-fixation functions of desert vegetation, but ignored its temperature regulation effect, and this was the ecological function of vegetation sand control different from physical sand-fixation measures such as sand barrier. [ Conclusion] It has important theoretical guiding significance and practical use value for prevention and control of desertification by studying ecological function of desert plants/vegetation.

Stability and Ecological Effects of Main Plant Communities in Minqin Desert Area

[ Objective ] To elucidate the change trend in stability and ecological effects of plant communities in desert along with global wanning. [ Method ] The data of site-specific observation on five main plant communities at ten plots in Minqin desert area were used to analyze the stability and ecological effects of desert plant communities by using two indicators vegetation coverage and projective cover degree. [ Results ] The vegetation coverage of Artemisia arenaria and Ephedra przewalskii, and the projective cover degree of A. arenaria and man-made Haloxylon ammodendron forest decreased remarkably; and the vegetation coverage of Ni- traria tangutorum was also decreased to some extent. [ Conduslon] （1） The plant communities with poor vegetation coverage gives a relatively strong stability, while that with high vegetation coverage has a relatively poor stability; （2） the yearly precipitation is the determinant of vegetation coverage and projective cover deglee; （3） the ecological function is found to be most remarkable in per unit area N. tangutorum, followed by E. przewalskii and N. tangutorum ＋H. ammodendron, and least in per unit area A. Arenaria. The vegetation is sparse in desert and plant branches does not distribute regularly, thus the crown-based vegetation coverage can not reflect the actual surface coverage.

Comparative Analysis of Wind break and Sand fixation Functions of Several Main Forage Plants in Minqin Desert Area

[Objective] The paper was to study wind-break and sand-fixation functions of forage plants in desert area. [Method]Based on the survey data of four major wind-break and sand-fixation plants( Haloxylon ammondendron,Artemisia arenaria,Nitraria tangutorum and Ephedra przewalskii) in Minqin desert area,the longitudinal section area and the sandpile volume of an individual plant and per unit area were calculated. The wind-break and sand-fixation functions of four major plant communities were comparatively analyzed. [Result] The wind-break functions of an individual plant( cluster) successively were N. tangutorum > H. ammondendron > A. arenaria and E. przewalskii; the sand-fixation functions of an individual plant( cluster) successively were N. tangutorum > E. przewalskii; the wind-break functions per unit area successively were A. arenaria > H. ammondendron > N. tangutorum > E. przewalskii; the sand-fixation functions per unit area were N. tangutorum > E. przewalskii; the wind-break and sand-fixation function per unit area were N. tangutorum > A. arenaria > H. ammondendron >E. przewalskii.[Conclusion]A. arenaria can be selected for only wind-break,and N. tangutorum can be chosen for only sand-fixation. If given consideration to both,N. tangutorum and A. arenaria must be selected.

Global Warming:Increases in the Instability of Climate in Minqin Desert Area

The instability of climate in Minqin desert area during the process of global warming was analyzed based on meteorological data during 1961-2013. The results show that the instability of monthly average temperature in January and April increased. Isothermal date in February was 10.36 d earlier from 1961 to 2013. The instability of extreme maximum temperature in December and January enhanced. The instability of extreme minimum temperature in July increased. The coefficient of variation of extreme minimum temperature in May was up to 287.3%. The instability of average precipitation in January enhanced. At the same time,the stability of annual average precipitation increased. The stability of climate is more worthy of attention.

Differences in response of desert plants of different ecotypes to climate warming:a case study in Minqin, Northwest China

Globally climates are warming. How do desert plants of different ecotypes respond to the climate change？ This paper studied the differing responses to climate warming shown by desert plants of different ecotypes through analyzing the phenology and meteorological data of 22 desert plant species growing in Minqin Desert Bo- tanical Garden in Northwest China during the period 1974-2009. The results indicate： （1） The temperature in the study area has risen quickly since 1974, and plants＇ growing periods became longer. The spring phenology of mesophytes advanced, and the autumn phenology of xerophytes was delayed; （2） The starting dates of spring phenophase of mesophytes and xerophytes differed significantly and both showed an advancing trend; （3） The spring phenology of mesophytes advanced by more days than that of xerophytes, whereas the autumn phenology of mesophytes was delayed by less days than that of the xerophytes; and （4） Mesophytes are more sensitive than xerophytes to rising temperature in spring and falling temperature in autumn. These findings are of value in plant management and regional introduction of different species.

Desert vegetation distribution and species-environment relationships in an oasis-desert ecotone of northwestern China

Environmental heterogeneity significantly affects the structure of ecological communities.Exploring vegetation distribution and its relationship with environmental factors is essential to understanding the abiotic mechanism(s)driving vegetation succession,especially in the ecologically fragile areas.In this study,based on the quantitative analysis of plant community and environmental factors in 68 plots at 10 different transects in the Minqin oasis-desert ecotone(ODE)of northwestern China,we investigated desert vegetation distribution and species-environment relationships using multivariate analysis.Two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN),detrended correspondence analysis(DCA),and canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)methods were used.A total of 28 species,belonging to 27 genera in 8 families,were identified.Chenopodiaceae,Zygophyllaceae,Gramineae,and Leguminosae were the largest families.Annual and perennial herbs accounted for 28.60%of the total number of plants,while shrubs(42.90%)were the most dominant.Nitraria tangutorum was the constructive species of the desert plant community.We divided the 68 plots surveyed in this study into 7 community types,according to the results of TWINSPAN.The distribution of these 7 communities in the DCA ordination graph showed that species with a similar ecotype were clustered together.Results of CCA indicated that groundwater was the dominant factor influencing vegetation distribution,while distance between plot and oasis(Dis)and soil electrical conductivity(EC)were the local second-order factors.Our study suggests that optimizing the utilization of groundwater in oases is key to controlling the degradation of desert vegetation.The favorable topographic conditions of sand dunes should be fully utilized for vegetal dune stabilization,and the influence of soil salinity on the selection of afforestation tree species should be considered.

甘肃民勤沙生植物园荒漠植物引种驯化研究综述

据统计我国荒漠维管束植物有82科484属1704种,不仅在防风固沙、改善生态环境方面发挥着重要作用,而且为人类提供重要生活资料,是维系生态平衡、经济和社会可持续发展的宝贵种质资源。以我国第一座荒漠植物园—民勤沙生植物园为案例,对荒漠植物引种驯化工作进行了回顾总结,同时指出未来发展的方向。民勤沙生植物园先后引进各类植物680余种,成功筛选出梭梭、拧条锦鸡儿、细枝羊柴等10余种优良防风固沙造林树种。通过开展蒙古韭、沙蓬、斧翅沙芥、锁阳、肉苁蓉等沙漠经济植物种的驯化栽培与示范推广,丰富了农村产业结构,辐射带动了区域经济发展。未来荒漠区植物引种驯化应面向和美乡村建设与产业发展需求,充分利用甘肃省民勤治沙站荒漠植物国家林木种质资源库平台,强抓国家植物园建设机遇,重视对野生荒漠草本植物种质资源的引种驯化,加强荒漠区林草新品种培育,以期为我国西北风沙区乡村振兴提供技术支撑。

民勤荒漠区不同植物群落土壤微生物生物量碳氮及生态化学计量特征

以甘肃民勤连古城荒漠区5种典型植物群落为对象,测定了土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)和土壤微生物生物量氮(MBN)及其影响因素,分析土壤MBC、MBN的空间变化特征。结果表明:(1)不同植物群落间,土壤MBC的最大值出现在红砂群落(282.90 mg/kg),土壤MBN最大值出现在膜果麻黄群落(28.27 mg/kg)。(2)不同植物群落间,白刺群落的微生物量熵(qMB)最大,最小值出现在人工梭梭群落,5种植物群落间土壤qMB差异不显著。土壤微生物生物量碳氮比(MBC/MBN)的最大值出现在白刺群落,显著高于膜果麻黄群落和人工梭梭群落。(3)土壤MBC、MBN与生态化学计量之间存在相关关系。其中,土壤MBC与土壤全氮(TN)和有效磷(EP)呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与土壤硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)和含水率(WC)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。土壤MBN与土壤WC显著正相关(P<0.05),与土壤EP和速效钾(AK)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与土壤TN、NO_(3)^(-)-N呈正相关,且相关性达到极显著水平(P<0.001)。冗余分析进一步显示,NO_(3)^(-)-N和TN是影响土壤MBC、MBN的主要因子。综上所述,不同植物群落间土壤MBC、MBN不同,以红砂群落和膜果麻黄群落最为显著;土壤TN、EP、土壤NO_(3)^(-)-N和WC是影响土壤MBC的主要因子,土壤WC、土壤EP、AK、土壤TN和NO_(3)^(-)-N是影响土壤MBN的主要因子。

甘肃民勤荒漠区植物群落土壤的理化性质和酶活性分析

对甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区内霸王〔Zygophyllum xanthoxylum(Bunge)Maxim.〕、红砂〔Reaumuria songarica(Pall.)Maxim.〕、猫头刺(Oxytropis aciphylla Ledeb.)、针茅(Stipa capillata Linn.)群落0~20、20~40和40~60 cm土层土壤的理化性质和酶活性进行比较,并对土壤理化指标与土壤酶活性的关系进行分析。结果表明:总体上,4种植物群落土壤中,红砂群落的土壤总有机碳、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量及蔗糖酶活性最高,针茅群落的土壤全磷含量最高,猫头刺群落的土壤全钾含量最高;霸王群落的土壤脲酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶和碱性磷酸酶活性最强。总体来看,4种植物群落土壤理化指标均随着土壤深度增加而降低,4种植物群落的土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性以及霸王、红砂和针茅群落的土壤淀粉酶活性也随着土壤深度增加而减弱。Pearson相关性分析结果表明土壤理化指标与土壤酶活性多呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)正相关。冗余分析结果显示:第1和第2轴分别能够解释民勤荒漠区植物群落土壤理化性质与土壤酶活性关系的61.01%和18.63%,并且,土壤总有机碳含量、速效钾含量、pH值和含水量对土壤酶活性的影响较大;蒙特卡罗检验结果显示土壤铵态氮含量、pH值、总有机碳含量和含水量对土壤酶活性影响的贡献率分别为31.6%、12.7%、11.8%和11.6%,且影响均达到显著水平。综上所述,甘肃民勤荒漠区4种植物群落总体表现为红砂群落的土壤理化性质最好,霸王群落的土壤酶活性最强,并且,土壤越深,指标数值越小。土壤总有机碳含量、pH值和含水量对该区域4种植物群落土壤酶活性的影响较大。

民勤荒漠区人工梭梭种群自然更新与人工辅助恢复机理分析

本文探讨了民勤荒漠区内人工梭梭种群的自然更新和人工辅助恢复机理,文章通过调查民勤县荒漠区的概况,采用样地选择的调查方法收集了梭梭种群的相关数据,经过结果分析,发现不同土壤质地中盐碱度含量对梭梭种群的自然更新产生了影响,而灌溉对梭梭种群的水分利用和幼苗存活也有显著影响,最后深入分析了人工辅助恢复与梭梭种群自然更新之间的相互作用,强调了人工辅助恢复措施在增加种群数量和维护种群健康方面的关键作用。

2002—2020年甘肃民勤连古城自然保护区土地利用及景观格局时空变化特征

研究借助ArcGIS和RS技术,以2002—2020年五期的TM影像和Landsat影像为数据源,结合实地调查数据,采用转移矩阵法、景观格局指数法对连古城国家级自然保护区土地利为用时空变化特征和景观格局动态变化特征进行分析,结果表明:保护区主要的土地类型草地、沙地和林地,面积和占比为93.08%—93.26%。2020年保护区耕地、林地、盐碱地面积较2002年增加,建设用地、沙地减少,裸土地面积不变;2013年后林地、草地稳定增长,耕地、沙地、建设用地面积下降。保护区各类景观格局指数变化较小,各土地利用类型的分维度指数和聚集度指数差异较小。林地和沙地的最大斑块指数逐年下降,景观形状指数则逐年缓慢增加,破碎化程度升高但增加程度极小。保护区土地利用类型结构与景观格局变化的主要驱动力为人为因素、沙尘因素和植被因素。整体水平上看,保护区景观破碎度保持稳定,整个生态系统土地利用不丰富,生态稳定度低。

甘肃省民勤县荒漠绿洲过渡带典型灌丛植物的滞尘量效应

[目的]开展荒漠绿洲过渡带典型灌丛滞尘研究,为区域防风固沙树种滞尘效益评价和绿洲防护体系建设提供依据。[方法]通过野外调查采样,室内水洗过滤等方法,定量分析了荒漠绿洲过渡带梭梭(Holoxylon ammodendron)、柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)、白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)3种植物在3月上旬(冬态)和6月下旬(夏态)滞尘量和滞尘粒度沿荒漠至绿洲4 km范围内的时空变化特征。[结果]滞尘量从荒漠到绿洲逐步递减,3月上旬梭梭、柽柳、白刺平均递减20.74%,16.13%,14.72%,6月下旬平均递减14.37%,9.23%,26.54%。3月上旬梭梭的滞尘量最大,约为172.36 g/株~、6月下旬柽柳的滞尘量最大,约为345.16g/株。3月上旬3种灌木所滞尘土的粒径主要为20~50μm,约占41.00%,梭梭有少量滞尘的粒径为500~1000μm,约占总量的15.00%;6月下旬所滞尘土的粒径大量分布于100~200μm,少量分布于5~10μm。[结论]在3月和6月,3种灌木的滞尘量从荒漠到绿洲均呈现出递减的趋势,灌丛植物的滞尘量、滞尘粒径受时间、空间及植物叶表面特征的共同影响。

民勤沙区主要植物的物候特征

选择在民勤沙区有代表性的48种植物,利用1985—2004年的观测资料,先就48种植物的9个主要物候期按平均期距进行系统聚类,进而对聚类结果按中生、旱生和沙地旱(中)生植物归并为类群。研究结果表明:从中生植物到旱生植物再到沙地旱(中)生植物,同一物候期的多年变幅增大;从旱生植物到沙生植物的物候期的多年变幅大于从中生植物到旱生植物的多年变幅;不同植物的物候期差异主要表现为从花蕾花序期开始到果实脱落末期的各个物候期,从中生植物到旱生植物再到沙地旱(中)生植物,这些物候期表现出逐渐延迟的趋势;当地冬季漫长,夏季持续日数较长,秋季最短,春季和秋季物候频数分布较多,植物活动日数相对较短;运用聚类分析方法研究包括中生植物、旱生植物和沙地旱(中)生植物的物候特征,能更好的从不同植物类型来揭示植物物候特征。

沙漠植物分层侧影与积沙成丘的关系

选用民勤沙区常见的几种固沙植物,在民勤西沙窝沙漠边缘设置了108个植物和沙堆样方,通过对不同植物的分层侧影宽度、分层侧影面积和侧影中心等指标的测定和对比分析,得出如下结果:1)可积沙成丘植物的侧影为三角形或柱形,即由地面向上侧影宽度变小,侧影中心在近地面30 cm高度内,具备这一条件的植物为丛生灌木。而不能积沙成丘的植物侧影为菱形,侧影中心距地面高度在30 cm以上。2)风沙流以及沙尘暴中的沙粒主要集中在近地表0—30 cm高度内流动,这便是植物侧影越低,越易积沙成丘的重要原因之一。3)沙埋后茎秆能产生不定根的植物可形成高于植株几倍至数十倍高度的沙堆/沙丘,而不具备这一属性的植物,有些虽然能形成沙堆,但沙堆受植物高度限制,即沙堆高度不会超过植株高度。4)侧影面积大小是反映植物防风固沙功能的一个十分重要的指标,能积沙成丘是植物阻固流沙的物质体现,形成的沙堆越高大则表明植物阻固流沙的功能越强,但不能积沙成丘的植物如梭梭、沙拐枣、沙蒿等也是具有一定防风阻沙效果的。

民勤荒漠区4种植物的防风固沙功能对比分析

梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)、沙蒿(Artemisia desertorum)、白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)和膜果麻黄(Ephedra przewalskii)是民勤荒漠区主要的牧草,分布面积较大。为了研究荒漠区牧草植物的防风固沙功能,在牧草利用的同时兼顾防风固沙功能。本研究用民勤荒漠区4种主要防风固沙植物样方调查资料,通过计算单株植物的纵断面积和单位面积上的纵断面积,以及单株植物的固沙沙堆体积和单位面积上的固沙沙堆体积,对4种主要植物群落的防风功能和固沙功能进行了对比分析。结果表明,单株(丛)的防风功能的排序为白刺>梭梭>沙蒿和膜果麻黄,单株(丛)的固沙功能白刺>膜果麻黄,单位面积上防风功能的排序为沙蒿>梭梭>白刺>膜果麻黄,单位面积上的固沙功能白刺>膜果麻黄;单位面积上防风固沙功能的排序为白刺>沙蒿>梭梭>膜果麻黄。如果只选择防风,则应选用沙蒿;如果侧重点是固沙,则应选用白刺;如果二者兼顾,则应选用白刺和沙蒿。

民勤绿洲边缘荒漠植被滴灌恢复试验研究

应用滴灌技术对民勤绿洲边缘退化植被控梭、白刺进行灌溉恢复试验研究。结果表明：（1）滴灌条件下，退化植被梭梭、白刺生长良好。可使梭梭新稍增长1．3～1．5倍，新梢数目增多1．1～1．2倍。新梢生物量增加1．5～1．8倍；使白刺冠幅增大1.9～2．8倍，叶片数增多1．6～2．2倍，叶生物量增大2．8～6．5倍。（2）滴灌植物梭梭、白刺光合生理作用强。相对免灌对照，梭梭在100m^3·hm^-2和150m^3·hm^-2的灌溉定额下光合速率（CO2）提高1．30μmol·m^-2·s^-1和3．42μmol·m^-2·s^-1。白刺在200m^3·hm^-2和300m^3·hm^-2的灌溉定额下光合速率提高0．76μmol·m^-2·s^-1和1．35μmol·m^-2·s^-1，滴灌植被光合速率随灌溉量的增加而增大。（3）灌溉林地土壤水分状况得到较大的改善，在0～250cm土壤层次内，梭梭林地水分为3．070A～3．34％，相对对照林地提高了1．0～1．3百分点；白刺林地水分为2．76％～4．43％，相对对照提高了0.7～2．3百分点。

民勤荒漠区主要植物群落的稳定性及生态效应

以民勤荒漠区5种主要植物群落10个样方12年的定位观测资料为基础,运用植被盖度和投影盖度2个指标对荒漠区植物群落的稳定性及其生态效应进行分析,以期阐释随着全球变暖荒漠植物群落的稳定性和生态效应的变化规律。观测结果表明,沙蒿(Artemisia arenaria)的植被盖度和麻黄(Ephedra przewalskii)的植被盖度以及沙蒿的投影盖度和梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)人工林的投影盖度显著下降,白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)的植被盖度亦下降。分析结果表明:(1)植被盖度相对较低的群落的稳定性较强,而植被盖度相对较高的群落的稳定性相对较差。(2)当年降水量是决定植被盖度及其投影盖度的关键因子。(3)单位面积的白刺的生态功能最大,其次是麻黄,再次是白刺+梭梭,单位面积的沙蒿的生态功能最低。荒漠区植被稀疏,植株枝条分布极不规则,以冠幅计算所得的植被盖度不能反映植被实际覆盖地表的状况。

民勤荒漠区典型草本植物马蔺的物候特征及其对气候变化的响应

植物物候反映了过去一段时间气候条件的累积对植物生长和发育的综合影响。通过收集1974—2007年民勤荒漠区典型草本植物马蔺的物候观测数据以及民勤治沙综合试验站同步观测的气象资料,分析了马蔺的物候特征及其对不同时间尺度气候变化的响应过程,结果表明:(1)马蔺的平均生长季长度约为201.7 d,并呈现出逐年增加的趋势,大致表现为每10a延长0.8d,但随着年份的变化并不显著(P>0.1)。(2)除开花期的开始时间出现明显的延后外(P<0.1),马蔺其它物候期的开始和结束时间均表现为轻微的延后趋势,且随着年份的变化不显著(P>0.1)。马蔺各个物候期的持续时间不同年份差异较大,其中萌动期、开花期和果熟期的持续时间随着年份出现减少的趋势,而展叶期和黄枯期的持续时间随着年份则出现增加的趋势,但其变化均不显著(P>0.1)。(3)马蔺整个生长季的延长可能受气温和降水的综合作用,其物候期的开始时间对物候期开始之前3周到3个月之间的积温有着显著的响应(P<0.01),而对于长时间尺度的积温则响应不显著(P>0.1);其部分物候期的开始时间对于中短时间尺度的累积降雨有着较显著的响应(P<0.1),但是对于长时间尺度的累积降雨则所有物候期都响应较弱(P>0.1)。(4)马蔺的物候期特征除了受区域气候变化影响之外,可能还与其自身的水分利用机制有关,未来的气候变化可能会进一步影响到该地区典型荒漠草本植物的物候特征。