Online task planning method of anti-ship missile based on rolling optimization

Based on the wave attack task planning method in static complex environment and the rolling optimization framework, an online task planning method in dynamic complex environment based on rolling optimization is proposed. In the process of online task planning in dynamic complex environment,online task planning is based on event triggering including target information update event, new target addition event, target failure event, weapon failure event, etc., and the methods include defense area reanalysis, parameter space update, and mission re-planning. Simulation is conducted for different events and the result shows that the index value of the attack scenario after re-planning is better than that before re-planning and according to the probability distribution of statistical simulation method, the index value distribution after re-planning is obviously in the region of high index value, and the index value gap before and after re-planning is related to the degree of posture change.

VIRTUAL TARGET DIFFERENTIAL GAME MIDCOURSE GUIDANCE LAW FOR HYPERSONIC CRUISE MISSILE BASED ON NEURAL NETWORK

For the high altitude cruising flight phase of a hypersonic cruise missile （HCM）, a relative motion mod- el between the missile and the target is established by defining virtual target and combining the theory of the dif- ferential geometry with missile motion equations. Based on the model, the motion between the missile and the tar- get is considered as a single target differential game problem, and a new open-loop differential game midcourse guidance law （DGMGL） is deduced by solving the corresponding Hamiltonian Function. Meanwhile, a new struc- ture of a closed-loop DGMGL is presented and the training data for back propagation neural network （BPNN） are designed. By combining the theory of BPNN with the open-loop DGMGL obtained above, the law intelligence is realized. Finally, simulation is carried out and the validity of the law is testified.

Three-Dimensional Discrete Observability Analysis for Air-to-Air Missile Target Tracking

The interception information of infrared（ IR）-guided air-to-air missiles（ AAM） is mainly estimated only using the basic bearing measurements. In order to intercept highly maneuverable targets,it is essential to study the system observability to improve the target tracking system performance.The uniqueness of this paper is that the observability analysis is derived based on a discrete three-dimensional （3D） system model. During the maneuvering scenario,the system is approximated by a segment-by-segment system. The relationship between missile-target motion and observability is given by direct and dual approaches. Meanwhile sufficient observability conditions are derived. Moreover,a numerical simulation is conducted and an alternate method is provided to reinforce the proposed observability analysis results.

Discussion of the target-missile control scheme with supersonic speed at minimum altitude

An antiship missile with supersonic speed at minimum altitude is an effective weapon to break through a defense line. The former Soviet Union was a leader in this field since it had developed several kinds of antiship missiles which obtained supersonic speed at minimum altitudes. To counter this kind of missile, many countries have been developing corresponding antimissiles. For the purpose of verifing the antimissile missile′s effectiveness in intercepting antiship missiles, a target-missile is needed. A target-missle is cheaper and can imitate the main characteristics of antiship missiles with supersonic speed at minimum altitude. In this paper, the control scheme of a target missile flying with supersonic speed at minimum altitude is studied. To counter the problem of hedgehopping over the sea, a control scheme utilizing a SINS+altimeter was proposed. In this scheme, both the quick response ability of altitude control and the anti-jamming problem were considered. A simulation experiment shows that when an integrated altitude control system is used, the anti-disturbance ability of the integrated altitude is good and the response speed of altitude control system can be dramatically improved.

A distributed decision method for missiles autonomous formation based on potential game

The distributed cooperative decision problems of missiles autonomous formation with network packet loss are investigated by using the potential game based on formation principles.In particular,a dynamic target allocation method for missiles formation is provided based on the potential game and formation principles,after the introduction of cooperative guidance and control system of the missiles formation.Then we seek the optimization of a global utility function through autonomous missiles that are capable of making individually rational decisions to optimize their own utility functions.The first important aspect of the problem is to design an individual utility function considering the characteristics of the missiles formation,with which the objective of the missiles are localized to each missile yet aligned with the global utility function.The second is to equip the missiles with an appropriate coordination mechanism with each missile pursuing the optimization of its own utility function.We present the design procedure for the utility,and present a coordination mechanism based on spatial adaptive play and then introduce the idea of“cyclical selected spatial adaptive play”and“negotiation based on time division multiple address(TDMA)protocol formation support network”.Finally,we present simulations for the distributed dynamic target allocation on the comprehensive digital simulation system,and the results illustrate the effectiveness and engineering applicability of the method.

Analysis of echo signal modulation characteristic parameters on aerial and space targets

Based on the scattering characteristic,the comparison of RCS(radar cross-section)at different positions of a target in the same direction of incidence can be obtained first by extruding or deleting part of the entity.A simulation method of aerial&space targets echo characteristics(A&STEC)is proposed that is universal to aerial and space targets.We utilize a fixed-wing UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle)and typical missiles in simulation.The echo signal modulation characteristic parameters are calculated theoretically by the atmospheric attenuation model,the finite element method and a MUMPS solver.The verification simulations show that this method can analyze the influence of the target shape,incident direction,detection position and detection frequency on echo waveform,intensity and energy distribution.The results show that the profile of echo waveform can invert the general shape of the target.The relationship between time and intensity can determine whether the target is moving towards or away from the detector in addition.These conclusions can provide a reference for the ballistic missile target tracking and the defense against UVA intrusion in theory.

一种靶弹多功能控制器设计与实现

靶弹是模拟敌方来袭导弹技战术特性的实体空中靶标;针对退役导弹改装靶弹中面临的改装线路复杂、对动目标供靶精度不足等实际问题,对靶弹飞行控制规律和改装设计方法进行了研究探索,创新了靶弹制导控制方法,综合采用靶弹飞行控制回路状态转换、动目标供靶航路精确控制、靶弹功能扩展等关键技术,设计研制了集电气改装、接口转换、目标导引、安全控制等功能于一体的靶弹多功能控制器,实现了退役飞航导弹到多用途靶弹的通用化、标准化改装,探索了一种经济而有效的靶弹开发方法;试验结果表明,该多功能控制器具备简便可靠、工作量小、通用性好、弹道控制灵活等突出特点,较好地解决了靶弹改装难题,满足了防空武器系统试验训练的需要。

基于深度强化学习的舰船导弹目标分配方法

针对对抗环境下的海上舰船防空反导导弹目标分配问题,本文提出了一种融合注意力机制的深度强化学习算法.首先,构建了舰船多类型导弹目标分配模型,并结合目标多波次拦截特点将问题建模为马尔可夫决策过程.接着,基于编码器–解码器框架搭建强化学习策略网络,融合多头注意力机制对目标进行编码,并在解码中结合整体目标和单个目标编码信息实现舰船可靠的导弹目标分配.最后,对导弹目标分配收益、分配时效以及策略网络训练过程进行了仿真实验.实验结果表明,本文方法能生成高收益的导弹目标分配方案,相较于对比算法的大规模决策计算速度提高10%~94%,同时其策略网络能够快速稳定收敛.

层叠型缓冲靶板对弹载测试仪的保护作用研究

使用空气炮模拟火炮发射时的高过载环境对弹载测试仪进行测试时,弹丸撞击靶板会产生尖峰脉冲对测试仪造成严重的损伤,为提高测试仪的存活性,展开对缓冲靶板层叠方式(不同材质的靶板相互叠加的叠层结构)的研究。通过撞击动力学理论描述弹丸对靶板的压缩和侵彻行为,并结合动量守恒和能量守恒定律计算出靶板参数和传递到靶板上的冲量的关系。使用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立弹丸正侵彻靶板模型,弹丸速度为200 m/s、质量为5.5 kg,仿真结果表明:3层总厚度450 mm的泡沫铝+泡沫铝+橡胶组合方式能有效消除尖峰脉冲并缩短弹丸对靶板的作用时间,加速度均值约为7 000g,脉宽为2.8 ms。受条件限制,空气炮试验采用弹丸质量为5.5 kg、速度为150 m/s,并将缓冲靶板的单层厚度减小到100 mm,结果表明:在泡沫铝+泡沫铝+橡胶组合方式下,弹丸结构和测试仪功能完好,加速度均值约为27 000g,脉宽为0.55 ms。

基于多目标进化算法的防空导弹武器目标分配

有效的武器目标分配(weapon-target assignment,WTA)方法对减少作战损失,提高防御效果具有重要意义。针对防空资源分配问题建立合理的数学模型,以最大化目标毁伤效能和最小化雷达资源消耗为优化目标,同时考虑雷达通道数上限等多个约束,在基于分解的多目标进化算法(multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition,MOEA/D)基础上进行改进,种群进化过程中自适应调整交叉与变异的概率以提高个体的质量,最终得到一组可供决策者使用的最优解集。实验结果表明:与其他多目标进化算法相比,该算法能得到适应度更高且分布性良好的结果,能够为防空导弹武器目标分配问题提供可行方案。

基于残差密集连接注意力的红外目标识别算法

针对红外目标识别时目标与干扰混淆、干扰遮挡目标导致算法性能下降的问题,提出了一种基于残差密集连接注意力的空中红外目标识别算法。首先,为跨层实现浅层与深层特征的融合、获取融合深度特征、提升特征复用性并增强语义信息,提出了改进的残差密集连接模块;其次,为增强融合深度特征的自适应表达能力,设计了并行混合注意力模块;最后,通过在大量红外数据集上的测试证明,相比于GoogLeNet算法,所提算法平均识别正确率提高了1.9个百分点,证明了算法的有效性。

三维自适应固定时间多导弹协同制导律

针对三维空间内多导弹对机动目标同时攻击的问题,提出一种具有自适应律的三维多导弹固定时间协同制导律。建立三维空间导弹-目标动力学模型,以弹目视线方向和其垂直方向设计制导律,可保证剩余飞行时间和法向速度在固定时间内完成一致性收敛。采用自适应律来跟踪机动目标运动参数策略,提高多导弹系统的稳定性与对机动目标的打击精度。改进多导弹系统收敛条件,所设计的制导律具备了对攻击时间的约束能力。向制导律中加入饱和函数,避免因符号函数带来的系统抖振。通过仿真实验验证所提固定时间协同制导律的有效性及对抗通信拓扑切换的鲁棒性。实验结果表明:相较于对比文献所设计的制导律具有系统快速收敛以及高精度。

贝叶斯优化与集成学习在弹载雷达目标识别中的应用

空空导弹在打击低空、超低空目标时,弹载雷达区分目标和杂波的性能下降。本文针对弹载雷达目标识别问题,应用多种集成学习算法和贝叶斯优化算法,建立了多个目标识别模型,测试并对比了模型性能。通过特征提取、数据标准化和特征选择,构建了优选特征的目标杂波数据集。使用贝叶斯优化算法进行调参,构建了XGBoost、LightGBM和CatBoost目标识别模型并测试。测试结果表明,XGBoost、LightGBM、CatBoost的目标识别效果优于随机森林、支持向量机和AdaBoost。选择XGBoost、LightGBM和CatBoost和随机森林为基分类器,构建了Stacking目标识别模型并测试。测试结果表明,Stacking的目标识别准确率达到98.88%,优于组成它的四个单一模型,但运行效率大幅降低。综合来看,CatBoost的目标识别准确率达到98.03%,虽不是最优,但其测试时间为0.011 s,运行效率的优势更明显。

强跟踪容积卡尔曼滤波在空空导弹制导中的应用

针对传统滤波算法在处理目标复杂机动时非线性逼近能力不足、跟踪精度下降等问题,提出一种强跟踪容积卡尔曼滤波(STCKF)方法。首先,根据战斗机规避空空导弹的机动特征,建立了蛇形机动和桶滚机动两种目标运动模型;其次,引入强跟踪滤波(STF)以增强容积卡尔曼滤波(CKF)对系统状态突变等不确定因素的能力;然后,将STCKF应用于导弹末制导目标运动参数估计中,并通过与CKF、无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)和粒子滤波(PF)的对比仿真分析验证了该方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,STCKF具有较强的鲁棒性和系统自适应能力,尤其在目标机动突变时其跟踪误差相比CKF减小约10%,能够满足空空导弹末制导高精度和快速响应要求。

基于深度确定性梯度学习的集群多目标分配方法

针对多弹协同作战进行目标分配时,存在敌方平台和反舰导弹数量不确定性和类型多样化,导致目标分配算法难以建模的问题,为提升高动态协同攻击条件下的攻击效能,建立动态战场环境模型和多目标分配的单回合马尔可夫决策模型,提出一种改进深度确定性策略梯度的分配算法.通过与模拟器的交互自动求解最佳分配策略,利用mask方法对动作空间进行掩码操作,实现算法对平台数量和类型的适应能力.实验结果表明,在各种不同舰船的防御配置和红蓝双方数量配置下,算法求解得到的攻击策略相对于随机策略的性能提升约为87.5%,模型推理时间约为0.04ms.研究结果将加速基于深度确定性梯度学习的方法在高动态环境下智能决策中的应用,对集群自主决策方法的研究具有推动作用.

基于可达区预测的高速机动目标多弹拦截决策

针对大气层内高速机动目标的多弹拦截问题,提出了一种基于可达区预测的多弹拦截决策方法。基于机动能力分析与曲线拟合方法建立了拦截弹可达区的解析模型,可实现在给定发射点与预测命中点后拦截弹可达区边界生成;结合进攻弹的可达区快速预测方法,将高速机动目标的多弹拦截决策转化为攻防可达区覆盖优化问题,设计寻优算法并求解得到使用最少拦截弹覆盖最大范围进攻弹可达区的多弹拦截策略;通过数值仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。

反舰导弹大前置角下三维剩余飞行时间估计方法

为解决导弹开启末制导时初始前置角过大或前置角变化幅度较大的问题,设计适用于多种导弹制导律的前置角三维剩余飞行时间估计方法。将导弹速度和目标速度投影分解,在地面坐标系的Oxy面和Oxz面上建立弹目相对运动关系方程,以此为基础建立三维弹目相对运动模型。利用弹目相对运动关系方程和比例导引控制方程,建立1阶非线性微分方程,解析弹目距离与前置角的关系,并利用麦克劳林展开式求解方程。根据视线角速度变化选择合适的内框角,对前置角进行补偿,同时使用中位值平均滤波法降低前置角波动造成的误差。利用已建立的三维弹目相对运动模型进行仿真实验。仿真结果表明,在小角度假设不能成立时,尤其是因制导律进行角度控制而导致前置角变化较大时,前置角剩余飞行时间(Time-to-go,TGO)估计方法的估计值误差收敛时间和最大误差值要小于其他TGO估计方法,估计效果最佳。

基于激光近炸引信最佳起爆延时的目标毁伤建模

针对传统的目标毁伤计算时未详细考虑激光近炸引信的起爆延时,从而导致对目标毁伤效能的计算与实际存在一定差距的问题,提出激光近炸引信弹目交会条件下基于最佳起爆延时的目标毁伤建模方法。推导了使引信处于最佳近炸位置的弹目交会近炸最佳起爆延时函数;在确定最佳起爆延时的基础上,结合对破片群飞散特性的分析,建立了激光近炸引信对目标的毁伤概率计算模型。仿真分析了不同因素对近炸引信最佳起爆延时的影响。通过模拟近炸引信对目标的毁伤实验结果可以看出激光近炸引信的起爆延时影响着最终的目标毁伤概率,这将为提高激光近炸引信的毁伤效能提供参考。

地球同步轨道卫星对低轨卫星的目标引导方法

在实际作战中,地球同步轨道卫星通常是最先发现弹道导弹发射的预警装备,然而,其提供的缺维探测信息,使得传统的引导交接方法难以直接应用于其对低轨卫星的目标引导上。针对此问题,对地球同步轨道卫星对低轨卫星的目标引导方法进行研究。首先,根据弹道导弹在发射及主动段飞行过程中产生红外辐射特性时的飞行高度约束,计算在单颗地球同步轨道卫星引导下,低轨卫星红外传感器的方位和俯仰探测范围。其次,对低轨卫星红外传感器的探测距离进行建模和计算,实现低轨卫星对目标的成功探测。最后,通过模拟仿真实验,验证了该方法的有效性和准确性。

面向机动目标的分布式弹群在线协同定位方法

机动目标的高精度协同定位是协同打击的关键,通过分布式弹群来实现协同定位是目前研究的热点。提出了一种分布式弹群在线协同定位的策略,解决弹群通信受限条件下协同定位的实时性问题;针对目标状态估计中模型非线性、噪声非高斯分布等特点,提出了容积卡尔曼粒子滤波算法;设计了自适应转弯速率的匀速转弯模型,并将现有的二维匀速转弯模型扩展至三维,解决了现有匀速转弯模型先验转弯速率固定,导致定位精度不高的问题;设计了自适应模型转移概率的交互多模型方法,实时修正马尔可夫转移概率,解决了单模型滤波定位精度不高的问题。通过仿真验证了所提策略和方法的有效性和准确性。