The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability in bees Apis mellifera from Benin by using mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） as a molecular marker in their cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and II （COI-COI1） in...The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability in bees Apis mellifera from Benin by using mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） as a molecular marker in their cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and II （COI-COI1） intergenic region. A total of 304 bee colonies were sampled in 27 municipalities of the cashew growing area of Benin. These samples were analyzed by the cleaved amplified polymorphisms technique for determining the haplotypes of subspecies present in the sampled population. Eight PCR-RFLP profiles of African lineage A were then identified in the 304 samples of bees investigated. Forty-nine percent （49%） of the samples showed the profile of haplotype A1 （subspecies adansonii of Zambia）, 40% of haplotype A4 （subspecies scutellata of South Africa） and 3% of haplotype A 19 （subspecies adansonii of Guinea）. Five other haplotypes of the African branch （A） that had been described in a previous study were also identified： new 1 （2%）, new 2 （2%）, new 3 （1%）, new 4 （2%） and new 5 （1%）. This study showed that A. rnellifera from Benin belonged only to lineage A with the predominance of haplotypes AI and A4. This study will contribute to the development of coherent policies for conservation of local bees in Benin.展开更多
【目的】探讨COI基因作为标准DNA条形码技术鉴定外形差异较小的地方鸡品种的可行性。【方法】以华南地区9种优质地方鸡(怀乡鸡、清远麻鸡、惠阳胡须鸡、中山沙栏鸡、阳山鸡、杏花鸡、五华三黄鸡、文昌鸡和广西三黄鸡)和国外引进品种隐...【目的】探讨COI基因作为标准DNA条形码技术鉴定外形差异较小的地方鸡品种的可行性。【方法】以华南地区9种优质地方鸡(怀乡鸡、清远麻鸡、惠阳胡须鸡、中山沙栏鸡、阳山鸡、杏花鸡、五华三黄鸡、文昌鸡和广西三黄鸡)和国外引进品种隐性白羽鸡为试验材料,测定标准的DNA条形码技术的线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I(cytochrome C oxidase subunit I,COI),同时下载已发表的31条家鸡和原鸡及绿头鸭的COI基因序列,分析品种遗传多样性与遗传距离,构建单倍型中介网络图和系统发生邻接树,界定区分品种特异的单倍型。【结果】除去PCR引物序列,获得了695 bp COI基因片段。根据标准的DNA条形码序列,截取648 bp线粒体COI基因序列进行分析。10个鸡品种203个个体共检测到110个变异位点,占分析位点的16.98%,其中90个单一位点突变,20个简约信息位点。平均核苷酸多样性为0.00394(0.00349—0.00560),平均单倍型多样性为0.832(0.763—0.905),其中五华三黄鸡最高,中山沙栏鸡次之,文昌鸡最低。定义了84种单倍型,单倍型1为9个地方鸡种所共享,出现频率为64次;单倍型9和5为家鸡和隐性白羽鸡共享,出现频率分别为29次和19次;每个鸡品种均有品种特异的单倍型。广西三黄鸡、五华三黄鸡与中山沙栏鸡的单倍型数最多,为13个,隐性白羽鸡与清远麻鸡的最少,为8个。不同品种的单倍型分布差异较大,如杏花鸡的单倍型主要分布在1,清远麻鸡主要分布在1和9,惠阳胡须鸡主要分布在1、5和9,隐性白羽鸡主要分布在9和79。10个鸡种品种间遗传距离范围为0.003—0.006,净遗传距离为0—0.003;鸡品种间的遗传距离一般大于鸡品种内的遗传距离;绿头鸭与鸡品种间的遗传距离大于0.2。中介网络图将84个单倍型分为3条进化枝,呈现出一定的品种特异性,如以单倍型9为起点的进化枝没有广西三黄鸡和文昌鸡分布,但另外两枝未表现出此特征;1为祖先单倍型,由此逐渐衍生出其他单倍型。邻接树显示中国家鸡与红原鸡聚为一簇,与黑尾原鸡、灰原鸡和绿原鸡分开;中国地方鸡聚为同一簇,且存在明显的交叉现象,无显著的品种特异性。【结论】COI基因可作为研究鸡品种遗传多样性的候选分子标记。仅依靠标准的DNA条形码技术无法有效区分差异外形较小的地方鸡种,需要联合多种分子标记如COI基因、细胞色素b、AFLP指纹技术、微卫星位点LEI0258、基因组SNP和品种特异的外貌特征。展开更多
Relying on morphology in the estimation of postmortem intervals is not always accurate for all life phases of flies,especially for immature stages.The present study demonstrates the application of cytochrome oxidase I...Relying on morphology in the estimation of postmortem intervals is not always accurate for all life phases of flies,especially for immature stages.The present study demonstrates the application of cytochrome oxidase I sequences,a partial mitochondrial(mt)gene region,to differentiate forensically important flies in Alexandria,Egypt.Thirty-three adult flies,larvae,and pupae were collected from rabbit carcasses.Nineteen were used for genotyping.Sequence analysis revealed no significant intraspecific divergence in Diptera species.Accordingly,a neighbor-coining tree using the Kimura 2-parameter model illustrated reciprocal morphology between species.Specimens represented five species,four genera,four subfamilies,two families,and one order.We herein identify five different species,Chrysomya albiceps,Chrysomya megacephala,Calliphora vicina,Lucilia sericata,and Ophyra capensis,using mt DNA as a species-specific marker for identification in a local database set-up.展开更多
文摘The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability in bees Apis mellifera from Benin by using mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） as a molecular marker in their cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and II （COI-COI1） intergenic region. A total of 304 bee colonies were sampled in 27 municipalities of the cashew growing area of Benin. These samples were analyzed by the cleaved amplified polymorphisms technique for determining the haplotypes of subspecies present in the sampled population. Eight PCR-RFLP profiles of African lineage A were then identified in the 304 samples of bees investigated. Forty-nine percent （49%） of the samples showed the profile of haplotype A1 （subspecies adansonii of Zambia）, 40% of haplotype A4 （subspecies scutellata of South Africa） and 3% of haplotype A 19 （subspecies adansonii of Guinea）. Five other haplotypes of the African branch （A） that had been described in a previous study were also identified： new 1 （2%）, new 2 （2%）, new 3 （1%）, new 4 （2%） and new 5 （1%）. This study showed that A. rnellifera from Benin belonged only to lineage A with the predominance of haplotypes AI and A4. This study will contribute to the development of coherent policies for conservation of local bees in Benin.
文摘【目的】探讨COI基因作为标准DNA条形码技术鉴定外形差异较小的地方鸡品种的可行性。【方法】以华南地区9种优质地方鸡(怀乡鸡、清远麻鸡、惠阳胡须鸡、中山沙栏鸡、阳山鸡、杏花鸡、五华三黄鸡、文昌鸡和广西三黄鸡)和国外引进品种隐性白羽鸡为试验材料,测定标准的DNA条形码技术的线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I(cytochrome C oxidase subunit I,COI),同时下载已发表的31条家鸡和原鸡及绿头鸭的COI基因序列,分析品种遗传多样性与遗传距离,构建单倍型中介网络图和系统发生邻接树,界定区分品种特异的单倍型。【结果】除去PCR引物序列,获得了695 bp COI基因片段。根据标准的DNA条形码序列,截取648 bp线粒体COI基因序列进行分析。10个鸡品种203个个体共检测到110个变异位点,占分析位点的16.98%,其中90个单一位点突变,20个简约信息位点。平均核苷酸多样性为0.00394(0.00349—0.00560),平均单倍型多样性为0.832(0.763—0.905),其中五华三黄鸡最高,中山沙栏鸡次之,文昌鸡最低。定义了84种单倍型,单倍型1为9个地方鸡种所共享,出现频率为64次;单倍型9和5为家鸡和隐性白羽鸡共享,出现频率分别为29次和19次;每个鸡品种均有品种特异的单倍型。广西三黄鸡、五华三黄鸡与中山沙栏鸡的单倍型数最多,为13个,隐性白羽鸡与清远麻鸡的最少,为8个。不同品种的单倍型分布差异较大,如杏花鸡的单倍型主要分布在1,清远麻鸡主要分布在1和9,惠阳胡须鸡主要分布在1、5和9,隐性白羽鸡主要分布在9和79。10个鸡种品种间遗传距离范围为0.003—0.006,净遗传距离为0—0.003;鸡品种间的遗传距离一般大于鸡品种内的遗传距离;绿头鸭与鸡品种间的遗传距离大于0.2。中介网络图将84个单倍型分为3条进化枝,呈现出一定的品种特异性,如以单倍型9为起点的进化枝没有广西三黄鸡和文昌鸡分布,但另外两枝未表现出此特征;1为祖先单倍型,由此逐渐衍生出其他单倍型。邻接树显示中国家鸡与红原鸡聚为一簇,与黑尾原鸡、灰原鸡和绿原鸡分开;中国地方鸡聚为同一簇,且存在明显的交叉现象,无显著的品种特异性。【结论】COI基因可作为研究鸡品种遗传多样性的候选分子标记。仅依靠标准的DNA条形码技术无法有效区分差异外形较小的地方鸡种,需要联合多种分子标记如COI基因、细胞色素b、AFLP指纹技术、微卫星位点LEI0258、基因组SNP和品种特异的外貌特征。
基金STDF project number 513 and FP7 project number 245807"Neuromed."。
文摘Relying on morphology in the estimation of postmortem intervals is not always accurate for all life phases of flies,especially for immature stages.The present study demonstrates the application of cytochrome oxidase I sequences,a partial mitochondrial(mt)gene region,to differentiate forensically important flies in Alexandria,Egypt.Thirty-three adult flies,larvae,and pupae were collected from rabbit carcasses.Nineteen were used for genotyping.Sequence analysis revealed no significant intraspecific divergence in Diptera species.Accordingly,a neighbor-coining tree using the Kimura 2-parameter model illustrated reciprocal morphology between species.Specimens represented five species,four genera,four subfamilies,two families,and one order.We herein identify five different species,Chrysomya albiceps,Chrysomya megacephala,Calliphora vicina,Lucilia sericata,and Ophyra capensis,using mt DNA as a species-specific marker for identification in a local database set-up.
