In order to investigate the susceptibility of mixed infection of Ureaplasma Urealyticum (UU) and Mycoplasma Hominis (MH) to 7 kinds of antimicrobial agents and comparison with that of UU infection in NGU patients, the...In order to investigate the susceptibility of mixed infection of Ureaplasma Urealyticum (UU) and Mycoplasma Hominis (MH) to 7 kinds of antimicrobial agents and comparison with that of UU infection in NGU patients, the in vitro susceptibility was determined by using microdilution method. The positive results were analyzed. The results showed that the sequence of susceptibility to 7 kinds of antimicrobial agents for both UU infection group and UU-MH mixed infection group was almost the same from the highest susceptibility to the lowest accordingly: Josamycin, Doxycycline, Minocycline, Sparfloxacin, Roxithromycin, Ofloxacin and Azithromycin. The total drug resistance rate for UU-MH mixed infection group (97. 67 %) was significantly higher than that for UU infection group (44. 67 %, P<.0. 01). The highest drug resistance rate in UU group and UU-MH mixed infection group was 31. 33 % (Ofloxacin) and 90. 48 % (Azithromycin) respectively. UU-MH mixed infection showed an increased drug resistance and changes of drug resistance spectrum.展开更多
[ Objective] To diagnose swine diseases caused by CSFV ( Classical swine fever virus), PRRSV ( Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) and PRV (Pseudo-rabies virus) and analyze the pathogenic charac...[ Objective] To diagnose swine diseases caused by CSFV ( Classical swine fever virus), PRRSV ( Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) and PRV (Pseudo-rabies virus) and analyze the pathogenic characteristics. [ Methodl The tissues and viscera of the diseased swine were collected from a hoggery in Fujian Province. DNA and RNA were extracted for PCR amplification and sequencing. ELISA method was used to determine CSFV, PRRSV and PRV infection. [ Result] The sequencing analysis and ELISA results showed that the mixed infection was caused by CSFV, PRRSV and PRV. [ Conclusion] The swine epidemic situation was mainly caused by CSFV and PRRSV.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mixed infection of hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis is extremely rare.This article reveals the typical imaging manifestations of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis and investigates the diagnosis a...BACKGROUND Mixed infection of hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis is extremely rare.This article reveals the typical imaging manifestations of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis and investigates the diagnosis and surgical experience of mixed infection of hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis.CASE SUMMARY From January 2017 to May 2019,4 cases with rare mixed infection of hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis were admitted and treated by the Division of General Surgery of Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital.Three of the patients occasionally had upper abdominal discomfort,but it did not affect their daily lives.However,hepatic echinococcosis was found in one patient by physical examination,and the patient had no discomfort.All 4 cases were Tibetans who had lived in pastoral areas of southern Qinghai for a long time.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for echinococcosis was positive for all patients.Moreover,abdominal computed tomography showed typical imaging manifestations of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis including coexisting"honeycomb sign,"and"spotted calcification."Three of the patients underwent radical resection,and 1 case underwent palliative resection.All 4 patients developed different types of surgical complications after the operation,but all of them recovered and were discharged after symptomatic treatment.CONCLUSION There are no problems diagnosing mixed infection of hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis.The difficulties involve preoperative evaluation and treatment of surgical complications.展开更多
In order to understand the epidemic characteristics of major viral infectious diseases of pig farms in Guangxi from 2019 to 2022,the PCR and RT-PCR methods were applied to detect the pathogens of 1046 samples suspecte...In order to understand the epidemic characteristics of major viral infectious diseases of pig farms in Guangxi from 2019 to 2022,the PCR and RT-PCR methods were applied to detect the pathogens of 1046 samples suspected CSFV(swine fever virus),PRRSV(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus),PCV-2(porcine circovirus virus type 2),PCV-3(porcine circovirus virus type 3),PRV(pseudorabies virus),TGEV(transmissible gastroeneritis of pigs virus),PEDV(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus)and PoRV(porcine rotavirus)infections in recent four years,and epidemiological analysis was carried out.The results showed that positive rates of CSFV,PRRSV,PCV-2,PCV-3,PRV,TGEV,PEDV and PoRV were 3.91%(21/537),20.46%(143/699),29.90%(116/388),16.10%(81/503),27.75%(121/436),2.10%(8/381),28.50%(61/214)and 13.74%(18/131).The infection rates of PCV-2 and PEDV were decreasing year by year,while the infection rate of TGEV was increasing year by year.In single infection,the infection rates of PRV and PEDV were higher,with an average infection rate of 13.53%and 18.22%.In the mixed infection,the infection rate of PRRSV and PCV-2 was the highest,with an average infection rate of 11.34%.The second mixed infection rate was PEDV and PoRV,and the average infection rate was 8.05%.The infection rate of PCV-3 and PEDV was higher in spring,with 18.80%and 40.00%respectively.The infection rate of PRRSV,PCV-2,PRV,TGEV and PoRV was higher in winter,with 24.40%,40.57%,37.30%,3.23%and 19.44%respectively.The results showed that PRRSV,PCV-2,PRV and PEDV were the main viral diseases with serious damage to pig farms in Guangxi.It was necessary to strengthen pathogen monitoring and improve comprehensive prevention and control ability,in order to reduce the incidence of disease and economic losses.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to explore the occurrence and mixed infection of sugarcane bacilliform virus disease in Hainan sugarcane-growing area.[Methods]A total of 348 sugarcane leaf samples were collected from 7 suga...[Objectives]The paper was to explore the occurrence and mixed infection of sugarcane bacilliform virus disease in Hainan sugarcane-growing area.[Methods]A total of 348 sugarcane leaf samples were collected from 7 sugarcane-growing areas in Hainan Province.Molecular detection of sugarcane bacilliform virus(SCBV)was carried out by PCR using specific primers.[Results]SCBV was detected in 244 out of 348 sugarcane samples,with an average detection rate of 70.11%.The highest detection rate was 76.66%in the Danzhou sugarcane-growing area,while the lowest was 57.14%in the Baisha sugarcane-growing area.The SCBV-positive samples were subjected to testing for SCYLV,SCSMV,SrMV,and SCMV,respectively.The results indicated that 106 out of 244 positive samples exhibited a single infection with SCBV,while 138 samples exhibited mixed infections with SCBV and other sugarcane viruses.The proportion of mixed infections among the SCBV-positive samples was as high as 56.56%.Among the various types of mixed infections,two-virus and three-virus mixed infections were the most prevalent.[Conclusions]SCBV has emerged as a significant threat to the secure production of sugarcane in the Hainan sugarcane-growing region.It presents an explosive infection in the Hainan sugarcane-growing region and frequently combines with other sugarcane viruses to infect sugarcane.The findings of this study will provide a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of sugarcane bacilliform virus disease.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the presence of mixed infection and discrepancy between hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotypes in plasma,peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs),and liver biopsy specimens.METHODS:From September 2008 up...AIM:To investigate the presence of mixed infection and discrepancy between hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotypes in plasma,peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs),and liver biopsy specimens.METHODS:From September 2008 up to April 2009,133 patients with chronic hepatitis C referred to Firouzgar Hospital for initiation of an antiviral therapy were recruited in the study.Five milliliters of peripheral blood was collected from each patient and liver biopsy was performed in those who gave consent or had indications.HCV genotyping was done using INNO-LiPATM HCV in serum,PBMCs,and liver biopsy specimens and then conf irmed by sequencing of 5'-UTR fragments.RESULTS:The mean age of patients was 30.3 ± 17.1 years.Multiple transfusion was seen in 124(93.2%) of patients.Multiple HCV genotypes were found in 3(2.3%) of 133 plasma samples,9(6.8%) of 133 PBMC samples,and 8(18.2%) of 44 liver biopsy specimens.It is notable that the different genotypes found in PBMCs were not the same as those found in plasma and liver biopsy specimens.CONCLUSION:Our study shows that a signif icant proportion of patients with chronic hepatitis C are affected by multiple HCV genotypes which may not be detectable only in serum of patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae(K.pneumoniae)is an infective microorganism of worldwide concern because of its varied manifestations and life-threatening potential.Genetic analyses have revealed that subspecies of K....BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae(K.pneumoniae)is an infective microorganism of worldwide concern because of its varied manifestations and life-threatening potential.Genetic analyses have revealed that subspecies of K.pneumoniae exhibit higher virulence and mortality.However,infections with Klebsiella subspecies are often misdiagnosed and underestimated in the clinic because of difficulties in distinguishing K.pneumoniae from its subspecies using routine tests.This case study reports the rapid and fatal effects of K.pneumoniae subspecies.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male patient was febrile and admitted to hospital.Examinations excluded viral and fungal causes along with mycoplasma/chlamydia and parasitic infections.Bacterial cultures revealed blood-borne K.pneumoniae sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics,although corresponding treatment failed to improve the patient’s symptoms.His condition worsened and death occurred within 72 h of symptom onset from sepsis shock.Application of the PMseq-DNA Pro high throughput gene detection assay was implemented with results obtained after death showing a mixed infection of K.pneumoniae and Klebsiella variicola(K.variicola).Clinical evidence suggested that K.variicola rather than K.pneumoniae contributed to the patient’s poor prognosis.CONCLUSION This is the first case report to show patient death from Klebsiella subspecies infection within a short period of time.This case provides a timely reminder of the clinical hazards posed by Klebsiella subspecies and highlights the limitations of classical laboratory methods in guiding anti-infective therapies for complex cases.Moreover,this report serves as reference for physicians diagnosing similar diseases and provides a recommendation to employ early genetic detection to aid patient diagnosis and management.展开更多
Classical swine fever caused by Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a serious problem for swine industries in developing countries, which successful control of the disease have been relying on vaccination. However...Classical swine fever caused by Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a serious problem for swine industries in developing countries, which successful control of the disease have been relying on vaccination. However, classical swine fever still occurs in some immunized swine herds for various reasons. In this study, we conducted animal experiments to examine the influence of single or mixed infection with Porcine parvo virus (PPV), Pseudorabies virus (PRV) and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) on the protective immunity induced by the Lapinized hog cholera virus (HCLV) vaccine and the pathogenicity of CSFV. In experiment 1, pigs were first inoculated with PPV, PRV or PRRSV, then immunized with HCLV, and finally challenged with a highly virulent CSFV Shimen strain. All of the pigs immunized with HCLV survived after the challenge, while all of the pigs in the non-immunized control group died after the challenge. The pigs in the group immunized with HCLV did not show any clinical symptoms of classical swine fever and were negative with CSFV after the challenge. The pigs infected with the non-CSFV before HCLV immunization did not display any clinical symptoms after the challenge with CSFV Shiman strain, but 11 of the 12 pigs were positive with CSFV. In experiment 2, pre-infections with PPV, PRV, and PRRSV were followed by inoculation with a low-virulence CSFV strain (CSFV 39), and then the pigs were challenged with the CSFV Shimen strain. Infections by either PPV, PRV or PRRSV did not enhance the virulence of CSFV-39, but pigs infected by a mixture of the 3 viruses developed clinical symptoms after inoculation with CSFV-39. The mixed infection also increased mortality caused by the challenge with the CSFV Shimen strain. Together, these results showed PPV, PRV and PRRSV infections in pigs can reduce the efficacy of the HCLV vaccine and enhance the pathogenicity of CSFV, which may partly explain the immunization failure against CSFV in some swine herds.展开更多
Lotus(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)is an economically important perennial aquatic herb plant in China.Presently,viral diseases caused by Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)and Dasheen mosaic virus(DsMV)are detected in lotus.In thi...Lotus(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)is an economically important perennial aquatic herb plant in China.Presently,viral diseases caused by Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)and Dasheen mosaic virus(DsMV)are detected in lotus.In this study,the putatively novel badnaviruses from lotus plants(LBVs)were identified using next-generation sequencing of siRNAs and conventional Sanger sequencing based on the RT/RNase H coding region sequences.Lotus plants infected by LBVs harbored virus quasispecies.A unique recombination event of LBVs was found in a single lotus plant.Sap inoculation showed that LBVs could actively replicate in the lotus plants,but without a wide host range.The field survey of 43 lotus plants in Jiangsu Province showed a prevalence of 62.8%for LBVs,confirming that it is widely distributed in Jiangsu Province of China.展开更多
Urinary tract infection with mixed microorganisms may lead to false-positive resistance detection.Current antimicrobial susceptibility testing(AST)performed in clinical laboratories is based on bacterial culture and t...Urinary tract infection with mixed microorganisms may lead to false-positive resistance detection.Current antimicrobial susceptibility testing(AST)performed in clinical laboratories is based on bacterial culture and takes a long time for mixed bacterial infections.Here,we propose a machine learning-based single-cell metabolism inactivation concentration(ML-MIC)model to achieve rapid AST for mixed bacterial infections.Using E.coli and S.aureus as a demonstration of mixed bacteria,we performed feature extraction and multi-feature analysis on stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)images of bacteria with the ML-MIC model to determine the subtypes and AST of the mixed bacteria.Furthermore,we assessed the AST of mixed bacteria in urine and obtained single-cell metabolism inactivation concentration in only 3 h.Collectively,we demonstrated that SRS imaging of bacterial metabolism can be extended to mixed bacterial infection cases for rapid AST.展开更多
Microbial keratitis caused by more than one microorganism is rare. It may occur as a coinfection or as a secondary infection superimposed with an existent microorganism. Both infectious and immune mechanisms are impli...Microbial keratitis caused by more than one microorganism is rare. It may occur as a coinfection or as a secondary infection superimposed with an existent microorganism. Both infectious and immune mechanisms are implicated in microbial keratitis. Herein, we report an unusual clinical case of viral and fungal mixed infection. Written informed consent was obtained from the patient.展开更多
The prevalence rate of acne in China is continuously increasing in adolescents, young and middle-aged adults. In many cases, those who have refractory inflammatory papules and pustules on the face and mandibular have ...The prevalence rate of acne in China is continuously increasing in adolescents, young and middle-aged adults. In many cases, those who have refractory inflammatory papules and pustules on the face and mandibular have received long-term antibiotic therapy. Some severe cases have had isotretinoin treatment and even corficosteroid application by either topical or oral administration. The curative effect has not been prominent in these cases, even with combined treatment including antimicrobials and/or isotretinoin and Chinese patent medicines.展开更多
文摘In order to investigate the susceptibility of mixed infection of Ureaplasma Urealyticum (UU) and Mycoplasma Hominis (MH) to 7 kinds of antimicrobial agents and comparison with that of UU infection in NGU patients, the in vitro susceptibility was determined by using microdilution method. The positive results were analyzed. The results showed that the sequence of susceptibility to 7 kinds of antimicrobial agents for both UU infection group and UU-MH mixed infection group was almost the same from the highest susceptibility to the lowest accordingly: Josamycin, Doxycycline, Minocycline, Sparfloxacin, Roxithromycin, Ofloxacin and Azithromycin. The total drug resistance rate for UU-MH mixed infection group (97. 67 %) was significantly higher than that for UU infection group (44. 67 %, P<.0. 01). The highest drug resistance rate in UU group and UU-MH mixed infection group was 31. 33 % (Ofloxacin) and 90. 48 % (Azithromycin) respectively. UU-MH mixed infection showed an increased drug resistance and changes of drug resistance spectrum.
基金funded by the Major Project of Regional Science and Technology of Fujian Province (2009N3013)the Innovation Platform Construction Project of the Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province (2008N2005)
文摘[ Objective] To diagnose swine diseases caused by CSFV ( Classical swine fever virus), PRRSV ( Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) and PRV (Pseudo-rabies virus) and analyze the pathogenic characteristics. [ Methodl The tissues and viscera of the diseased swine were collected from a hoggery in Fujian Province. DNA and RNA were extracted for PCR amplification and sequencing. ELISA method was used to determine CSFV, PRRSV and PRV infection. [ Result] The sequencing analysis and ELISA results showed that the mixed infection was caused by CSFV, PRRSV and PRV. [ Conclusion] The swine epidemic situation was mainly caused by CSFV and PRRSV.
文摘BACKGROUND Mixed infection of hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis is extremely rare.This article reveals the typical imaging manifestations of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis and investigates the diagnosis and surgical experience of mixed infection of hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis.CASE SUMMARY From January 2017 to May 2019,4 cases with rare mixed infection of hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis were admitted and treated by the Division of General Surgery of Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital.Three of the patients occasionally had upper abdominal discomfort,but it did not affect their daily lives.However,hepatic echinococcosis was found in one patient by physical examination,and the patient had no discomfort.All 4 cases were Tibetans who had lived in pastoral areas of southern Qinghai for a long time.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for echinococcosis was positive for all patients.Moreover,abdominal computed tomography showed typical imaging manifestations of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis including coexisting"honeycomb sign,"and"spotted calcification."Three of the patients underwent radical resection,and 1 case underwent palliative resection.All 4 patients developed different types of surgical complications after the operation,but all of them recovered and were discharged after symptomatic treatment.CONCLUSION There are no problems diagnosing mixed infection of hepatic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis.The difficulties involve preoperative evaluation and treatment of surgical complications.
文摘In order to understand the epidemic characteristics of major viral infectious diseases of pig farms in Guangxi from 2019 to 2022,the PCR and RT-PCR methods were applied to detect the pathogens of 1046 samples suspected CSFV(swine fever virus),PRRSV(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus),PCV-2(porcine circovirus virus type 2),PCV-3(porcine circovirus virus type 3),PRV(pseudorabies virus),TGEV(transmissible gastroeneritis of pigs virus),PEDV(porcine epidemic diarrhea virus)and PoRV(porcine rotavirus)infections in recent four years,and epidemiological analysis was carried out.The results showed that positive rates of CSFV,PRRSV,PCV-2,PCV-3,PRV,TGEV,PEDV and PoRV were 3.91%(21/537),20.46%(143/699),29.90%(116/388),16.10%(81/503),27.75%(121/436),2.10%(8/381),28.50%(61/214)and 13.74%(18/131).The infection rates of PCV-2 and PEDV were decreasing year by year,while the infection rate of TGEV was increasing year by year.In single infection,the infection rates of PRV and PEDV were higher,with an average infection rate of 13.53%and 18.22%.In the mixed infection,the infection rate of PRRSV and PCV-2 was the highest,with an average infection rate of 11.34%.The second mixed infection rate was PEDV and PoRV,and the average infection rate was 8.05%.The infection rate of PCV-3 and PEDV was higher in spring,with 18.80%and 40.00%respectively.The infection rate of PRRSV,PCV-2,PRV,TGEV and PoRV was higher in winter,with 24.40%,40.57%,37.30%,3.23%and 19.44%respectively.The results showed that PRRSV,PCV-2,PRV and PEDV were the main viral diseases with serious damage to pig farms in Guangxi.It was necessary to strengthen pathogen monitoring and improve comprehensive prevention and control ability,in order to reduce the incidence of disease and economic losses.
基金Supported by Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(321QN313,323MS103)Earmarked Fund for China Agricultural Research System(CARS-17).
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to explore the occurrence and mixed infection of sugarcane bacilliform virus disease in Hainan sugarcane-growing area.[Methods]A total of 348 sugarcane leaf samples were collected from 7 sugarcane-growing areas in Hainan Province.Molecular detection of sugarcane bacilliform virus(SCBV)was carried out by PCR using specific primers.[Results]SCBV was detected in 244 out of 348 sugarcane samples,with an average detection rate of 70.11%.The highest detection rate was 76.66%in the Danzhou sugarcane-growing area,while the lowest was 57.14%in the Baisha sugarcane-growing area.The SCBV-positive samples were subjected to testing for SCYLV,SCSMV,SrMV,and SCMV,respectively.The results indicated that 106 out of 244 positive samples exhibited a single infection with SCBV,while 138 samples exhibited mixed infections with SCBV and other sugarcane viruses.The proportion of mixed infections among the SCBV-positive samples was as high as 56.56%.Among the various types of mixed infections,two-virus and three-virus mixed infections were the most prevalent.[Conclusions]SCBV has emerged as a significant threat to the secure production of sugarcane in the Hainan sugarcane-growing region.It presents an explosive infection in the Hainan sugarcane-growing region and frequently combines with other sugarcane viruses to infect sugarcane.The findings of this study will provide a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of sugarcane bacilliform virus disease.
基金Supported by Local Fund from Iran University of Medical Sciences
文摘AIM:To investigate the presence of mixed infection and discrepancy between hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotypes in plasma,peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs),and liver biopsy specimens.METHODS:From September 2008 up to April 2009,133 patients with chronic hepatitis C referred to Firouzgar Hospital for initiation of an antiviral therapy were recruited in the study.Five milliliters of peripheral blood was collected from each patient and liver biopsy was performed in those who gave consent or had indications.HCV genotyping was done using INNO-LiPATM HCV in serum,PBMCs,and liver biopsy specimens and then conf irmed by sequencing of 5'-UTR fragments.RESULTS:The mean age of patients was 30.3 ± 17.1 years.Multiple transfusion was seen in 124(93.2%) of patients.Multiple HCV genotypes were found in 3(2.3%) of 133 plasma samples,9(6.8%) of 133 PBMC samples,and 8(18.2%) of 44 liver biopsy specimens.It is notable that the different genotypes found in PBMCs were not the same as those found in plasma and liver biopsy specimens.CONCLUSION:Our study shows that a signif icant proportion of patients with chronic hepatitis C are affected by multiple HCV genotypes which may not be detectable only in serum of patients.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Fund of Guizhou Provincial Health CommissionNo. gzwjkj2019-1-067+1 种基金Doctor Foundation of Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalNo. GZSYBS[2019]04
文摘BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae(K.pneumoniae)is an infective microorganism of worldwide concern because of its varied manifestations and life-threatening potential.Genetic analyses have revealed that subspecies of K.pneumoniae exhibit higher virulence and mortality.However,infections with Klebsiella subspecies are often misdiagnosed and underestimated in the clinic because of difficulties in distinguishing K.pneumoniae from its subspecies using routine tests.This case study reports the rapid and fatal effects of K.pneumoniae subspecies.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male patient was febrile and admitted to hospital.Examinations excluded viral and fungal causes along with mycoplasma/chlamydia and parasitic infections.Bacterial cultures revealed blood-borne K.pneumoniae sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics,although corresponding treatment failed to improve the patient’s symptoms.His condition worsened and death occurred within 72 h of symptom onset from sepsis shock.Application of the PMseq-DNA Pro high throughput gene detection assay was implemented with results obtained after death showing a mixed infection of K.pneumoniae and Klebsiella variicola(K.variicola).Clinical evidence suggested that K.variicola rather than K.pneumoniae contributed to the patient’s poor prognosis.CONCLUSION This is the first case report to show patient death from Klebsiella subspecies infection within a short period of time.This case provides a timely reminder of the clinical hazards posed by Klebsiella subspecies and highlights the limitations of classical laboratory methods in guiding anti-infective therapies for complex cases.Moreover,this report serves as reference for physicians diagnosing similar diseases and provides a recommendation to employ early genetic detection to aid patient diagnosis and management.
文摘Classical swine fever caused by Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a serious problem for swine industries in developing countries, which successful control of the disease have been relying on vaccination. However, classical swine fever still occurs in some immunized swine herds for various reasons. In this study, we conducted animal experiments to examine the influence of single or mixed infection with Porcine parvo virus (PPV), Pseudorabies virus (PRV) and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) on the protective immunity induced by the Lapinized hog cholera virus (HCLV) vaccine and the pathogenicity of CSFV. In experiment 1, pigs were first inoculated with PPV, PRV or PRRSV, then immunized with HCLV, and finally challenged with a highly virulent CSFV Shimen strain. All of the pigs immunized with HCLV survived after the challenge, while all of the pigs in the non-immunized control group died after the challenge. The pigs in the group immunized with HCLV did not show any clinical symptoms of classical swine fever and were negative with CSFV after the challenge. The pigs infected with the non-CSFV before HCLV immunization did not display any clinical symptoms after the challenge with CSFV Shiman strain, but 11 of the 12 pigs were positive with CSFV. In experiment 2, pre-infections with PPV, PRV, and PRRSV were followed by inoculation with a low-virulence CSFV strain (CSFV 39), and then the pigs were challenged with the CSFV Shimen strain. Infections by either PPV, PRV or PRRSV did not enhance the virulence of CSFV-39, but pigs infected by a mixture of the 3 viruses developed clinical symptoms after inoculation with CSFV-39. The mixed infection also increased mortality caused by the challenge with the CSFV Shimen strain. Together, these results showed PPV, PRV and PRRSV infections in pigs can reduce the efficacy of the HCLV vaccine and enhance the pathogenicity of CSFV, which may partly explain the immunization failure against CSFV in some swine herds.
基金Key project at central government level:The ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese medicine resources(Grant No.2060302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31601604)China Agriculture Research System(Grant No.CARS-24).
文摘Lotus(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)is an economically important perennial aquatic herb plant in China.Presently,viral diseases caused by Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)and Dasheen mosaic virus(DsMV)are detected in lotus.In this study,the putatively novel badnaviruses from lotus plants(LBVs)were identified using next-generation sequencing of siRNAs and conventional Sanger sequencing based on the RT/RNase H coding region sequences.Lotus plants infected by LBVs harbored virus quasispecies.A unique recombination event of LBVs was found in a single lotus plant.Sap inoculation showed that LBVs could actively replicate in the lotus plants,but without a wide host range.The field survey of 43 lotus plants in Jiangsu Province showed a prevalence of 62.8%for LBVs,confirming that it is widely distributed in Jiangsu Province of China.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81901790)the Key R&D program of Ministry of Science and Technology(2020YFC2005405)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7224367 to X.Chen).
文摘Urinary tract infection with mixed microorganisms may lead to false-positive resistance detection.Current antimicrobial susceptibility testing(AST)performed in clinical laboratories is based on bacterial culture and takes a long time for mixed bacterial infections.Here,we propose a machine learning-based single-cell metabolism inactivation concentration(ML-MIC)model to achieve rapid AST for mixed bacterial infections.Using E.coli and S.aureus as a demonstration of mixed bacteria,we performed feature extraction and multi-feature analysis on stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)images of bacteria with the ML-MIC model to determine the subtypes and AST of the mixed bacteria.Furthermore,we assessed the AST of mixed bacteria in urine and obtained single-cell metabolism inactivation concentration in only 3 h.Collectively,we demonstrated that SRS imaging of bacterial metabolism can be extended to mixed bacterial infection cases for rapid AST.
基金This study was supported by a grant from Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute science foundation (No. 15YKYJS003).
文摘Microbial keratitis caused by more than one microorganism is rare. It may occur as a coinfection or as a secondary infection superimposed with an existent microorganism. Both infectious and immune mechanisms are implicated in microbial keratitis. Herein, we report an unusual clinical case of viral and fungal mixed infection. Written informed consent was obtained from the patient.
文摘The prevalence rate of acne in China is continuously increasing in adolescents, young and middle-aged adults. In many cases, those who have refractory inflammatory papules and pustules on the face and mandibular have received long-term antibiotic therapy. Some severe cases have had isotretinoin treatment and even corficosteroid application by either topical or oral administration. The curative effect has not been prominent in these cases, even with combined treatment including antimicrobials and/or isotretinoin and Chinese patent medicines.