Molecular diagnostic technologies empower new clinical opportunities in precision medicine.However,existing approaches face limitations with respect to performance,operation and cost.Biological molecules including pro...Molecular diagnostic technologies empower new clinical opportunities in precision medicine.However,existing approaches face limitations with respect to performance,operation and cost.Biological molecules including proteins and nucleic acids are being increasingly adopted as tools in the development of new molecular diagnostic technologies.In particular,leveraging their complementary properties—the functional diversity of proteins and the precision programmability of nucleic acids—a wide range of protein–nucleic acid hybrid nanostructures have been developed.These hybrid structures take diverse forms,ranging from one-dimensional to three-dimensional hybrids,as static assemblies to dynamic machines,and possess myriad functions to recognize target biomarkers,encode vast information and execute catalytic activities.Motivated by recent advances in this area of molecular nanotechnology,we review the state-of-art design and application of various types of protein–nucleic acid hybrid nanostructures for molecular diagnostics,and present an outlook on the challenges and opportunities for emerging pre-clinical and clinical applications,highlighting the promise for earlier detection,more refined diagnosis and highly tailored treatment decision that ultimately lead to improved patient outcomes.展开更多
In cancer therapy,the main challenge is how to attack the tumor and avoid injuring any normal organs in the meantime.In the last decades,scientists have made great efforts to try targeting the tumors,but little progre...In cancer therapy,the main challenge is how to attack the tumor and avoid injuring any normal organs in the meantime.In the last decades,scientists have made great efforts to try targeting the tumors,but little progress is achieved because all of the known therapeutic techniques could not latch the tumor cells down and always bring展开更多
Molecular machines transduce energy from one form to another through controlled motion in response to stimuli.Despite the ubiquitous use of molecular machines in biology,understanding the detailed mechanisms of such c...Molecular machines transduce energy from one form to another through controlled motion in response to stimuli.Despite the ubiquitous use of molecular machines in biology,understanding the detailed mechanisms of such complex structures remains challenging.Recent progress in studying the modes of operation of synthetic small-molecule machines at the single-molecule level has shed new light on the mechanisms of nano-machinery.In this mini-review,we focus on the study of artificial small-molecule machines using single-molecule techniques,including single-molecule force spectroscopy,single-molecule electrical spectroscopy,and single-molecule optical spectroscopy.We survey the techniques used to monitor single-molecule behavior to date and describe the latest studies on small-molecule machines,highlighting their common features and challenges that need to be overcome to realize the potential of these techniques in unraveling the behavior of small molecule systems.展开更多
基金supported in part by funding from National University of Singapore(NUS),NUS Research Scholarship,Ministry of Education,Institute for Health Innovation&Technology,Ministry of Education,National Research Foundation,and National Medical Research Council.
文摘Molecular diagnostic technologies empower new clinical opportunities in precision medicine.However,existing approaches face limitations with respect to performance,operation and cost.Biological molecules including proteins and nucleic acids are being increasingly adopted as tools in the development of new molecular diagnostic technologies.In particular,leveraging their complementary properties—the functional diversity of proteins and the precision programmability of nucleic acids—a wide range of protein–nucleic acid hybrid nanostructures have been developed.These hybrid structures take diverse forms,ranging from one-dimensional to three-dimensional hybrids,as static assemblies to dynamic machines,and possess myriad functions to recognize target biomarkers,encode vast information and execute catalytic activities.Motivated by recent advances in this area of molecular nanotechnology,we review the state-of-art design and application of various types of protein–nucleic acid hybrid nanostructures for molecular diagnostics,and present an outlook on the challenges and opportunities for emerging pre-clinical and clinical applications,highlighting the promise for earlier detection,more refined diagnosis and highly tailored treatment decision that ultimately lead to improved patient outcomes.
文摘In cancer therapy,the main challenge is how to attack the tumor and avoid injuring any normal organs in the meantime.In the last decades,scientists have made great efforts to try targeting the tumors,but little progress is achieved because all of the known therapeutic techniques could not latch the tumor cells down and always bring
基金supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.22001074 to L.Z.)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(grant no.22ZR1479400 to L.Z.).
文摘Molecular machines transduce energy from one form to another through controlled motion in response to stimuli.Despite the ubiquitous use of molecular machines in biology,understanding the detailed mechanisms of such complex structures remains challenging.Recent progress in studying the modes of operation of synthetic small-molecule machines at the single-molecule level has shed new light on the mechanisms of nano-machinery.In this mini-review,we focus on the study of artificial small-molecule machines using single-molecule techniques,including single-molecule force spectroscopy,single-molecule electrical spectroscopy,and single-molecule optical spectroscopy.We survey the techniques used to monitor single-molecule behavior to date and describe the latest studies on small-molecule machines,highlighting their common features and challenges that need to be overcome to realize the potential of these techniques in unraveling the behavior of small molecule systems.
