Automatic Control of Automobile Transmission Performance Test Stand

To realize automatic control of automobile transmission performance test stand Methods The automatic control technique of the lubricant temperature,the program- controll- edautomaticshifting of the transmission,the continuous adjusting of revolution speed and load, data-acquisition and data real-time processing were adopted.Results The lubricant temperature was controlled at the set temperature ±2℃.The automatic shifting of the trans- mission is simple,reliable and accurate.The automatic adjusting of load and rotation speed is rapidandaccurate,the torque divergence is ±1N·m,the rotation speed divergence is ±5r/min Conclusion The four kinds of techniques are applied into the automobile transmission perfor- mance test stand successfully. mancetest stand successfully.

Performance Monitoring and Diagnosis of Multivariable Model Predictive Control Using Statistical Analysis

A statistic-based benchmark was proposed for performance assessment and monitoring of model predic- tive control; the benchmark was straightforward and achievable by recording a set of output data only when the control performance was good according to the user’s selection. Principal component model was built and an auto- regressive moving average filter was identified to monitor the performance; an improved T2 statistic was selected as the performance monitor index. When performance changes were detected, diagnosis was done by model validation using recursive analysis and generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) method. This distinguished the fact that the per- formance change was due to plant model mismatch or due to disturbance term. Simulation was done about a heavy oil fractionator system and good results were obtained. The diagnosis result was helpful for the operator to improve the system performance.

Hellinger distance based probability distribution approach to performance monitoring of nonlinear control systems

Control performance monitoring has attracted great attention in both academia and industry over the past two decades. However, most research efforts have been devoted to the performance monitoring of linear control systems, without considering the pervasive nonlinearities(e.g. valve stiction) present in most industrial control systems. In this work, a novel probability distribution distance based index is proposed to monitor the performance of non-linear control systems. The proposed method uses Hellinger distance to evaluate change of control system performance. Several simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Control performance monitoring and advanced control towards energy conservation

High performance control of an interactive process such as iron and steel plant relies on ability to honor safety and operational constraints;reduce the standard deviations of variables that need to be controlled(e.g.product quantity,quality );de-bottlenecking the process;and,maximize profitability or lower cost(e.g.energy savings, improve hot metal content).These objectives may be prioritized in this order,but can vary and are very difficult to achieve optimally through conventional control.A multivariable predictive controller solution,along with its extensive inferential sensor and built-in optimizer,provides online closed loop control and optimization for many interactive metal and mining processes to lower the energy cost,increase throughput,and optimize product quality and yield. Control loop performance is also a key factor to improve iron and steel plant automation and operation result; Honeywell CPM offers vender-independent product which provides monitoring,tuning,modeling of control loop and sustainable loop performance analysis and maintenance solution towards operation stability and energy saving.

The control and monitor system for the BESⅢ ETOF/MRPC beam test

A test system is developed for the BESIII ETOF/MRPC beam tests of data acquisition, environment monitoring and automatic control. The software framework is based on the CAMAC bus, VME bus and Serial Port,which are responsible for communications with the detectors. The monitor system works well in the beam test.

Modeling and Performance Prediction of Induction Motor Drive System for Electric Drive Tracked Vehicles

The principle of rotor flux-orientation vector control on 100/150 kW three-phase AC induction motor for electric drive tracked vehicles is analyzed, and the mathematic model is deduced. The drive system of induction motor is modeled and simulated by Matlab/Simulink. The characteristics of motor and drive system are analyzed and evaluated by practical bench test. The simulation and bench test results show that the model is valid, and the driving control system has constant torque under rated speed, constant torque above rated speed, widely variable speed range and better dynamic characteristics. In order to evaluate the practical applications of high power induction motor driving system in electric drive tracked vehicles, a collaborative simulation based on interface technology of Matlab/Simulink and multi-body dynamic analysis software known as RecurDyn is done, the vehicle performances are predicted in the acceleration time (0-32 km/h) and turning characteristic (v=10 km/h, R=B).

Comparative analysis of online monitoring methods for transformer insulation performance of 330-750kV substation

The online-monitoring methods for insulation performance of current transformers of 330-750 kV substation are analyzed and compared.The effectiveness and availability of each method are discussed.Main features,advantages and disadvantages of each method and its corresponding standard are also described.

Comparative evaluation of concrete sand-control fences used for railway protection in strong wind areas

Concrete-plate fences have been widely adopted for windblown sand control and mitigation along railways.However,the inclination angles of inserting the concrete plate with respect to the vertical direction,i.e.,straight or obliquely inserted concrete plates(SIP or OIP),significantly influence the efficiency of sand-control.This study performs a comparative evaluation of the SIP and OIP sand-control fences using wind tunnel testing and field monitoring data collected from the Lanzhou–Wulumuqi High-Speed Railway Project.The results show that the fence’s ability to reduce the wind speed and the sand-retaining efficiency gradually weakens with the increasing wind speed.Compared with the SIP fence,the OIP fence has a better wind speed reduction capability,stronger ability to capture fine particles below the top of the fence;it is more efficient for sand-retaining and induces stronger eddy intensity.Generally,the wind tunnel test and field monitoring results are consistent,whereas wind tunnel tests incline to overestimate wind speed reduction and sand-control efficiency.The study also finds that the aeolian sand accumulated around the fence can weaken the protection efficiency,and hence cleaning the aeolian sand accumulated around the fence should be done periodically to ensure the designed functions.

Fuzzy Model Free Adaptive Control for Rotor Blade Full-Scale Static Testing

To eliminate the node traction coupling during wind turbine blade full-scale static testing,a model free adaptive control algorithm is presented based on fuzzy control performance function compensation. Based on the universal model theory,the fuzzy model free adaptive control( FMFAC) algorithm is designed by configuring the spot static testing experiences as compensation function F( ·). Then the algorithm implementation process is provided and its quick convergence is proved. Using software to establish static load coupling model of multi-nodes,simulate and verify the validity of FMFAC algorithm,which is applied to wind turbines blade full-scale static testing. The results show that the adaptive decoupling ability of FMFAC is better. The traction of four load points can stay steady and change coordinately. Process error is not over ± 6 k N. The error rate is lower than 1% in special phase.This algorithm effectively eliminates the traction coupling of the static testing process,and makes wind turbine blade testing steadily.

Experimental Studies on High-Frequency Performance of the Inverse Control Magneto-Rheological Damper

Severe vibration of underground structures may be induced under blast loads. According to the characteristics of the explosion-induced ground shock wave, a new-type damper, inverse control magneto-rheological（MR） damper was designed to control the vibration, The high-frequency performance test of the MR damper was carried out on the small shaking table. It is shown that the performance can be modeled by use of the modified Bouc-Wen model, and the Parameters of the model keep stable in the range of 15--50 Hz.

The Calibration and Use of a New Ring-Shaped Ionization Chamber for Monitoring and Dosimetry of X-Ray Beams

Today, dosimeters are used generally for dosimetry of the diagnostic X-ray beam. Ionization chambers are appropriate instruments for monitoring and also the dosimetry of X-ray beam in medical diagnostic equipment. The present work introduces design and investigation of a new ring-shaped monitor chamber with a PMMA body, graphite-coated PMMA windows (0.5 mm thick), a special graphite-foil central electrode (0.1 mm thick, 0.7 g/cm3 dense) that creating two sensitive volumes and a central hole for crossing the radiation beam with less attenuation. The results of performance tests conducted at the Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI in Karaj- Iran proved the high short and long-term stability, the very low leakage current, the low directional dependence and very high ion collection efficiency through the special design of the collecting electrode. Moreover, the FLUKA Monte Carlo simulations certified the negligible effect of central electrode on this new ring-shaped monitor chamber. According to the results of the performance tests, the new monitor chamber can be used as a standard dosimeter in order to monitor X-ray beam in primary standard dosimetry laboratories.

Study on soil-pile-structure-TMD interaction system by shaking table model test

The success of the tuned mass damper (TMD) in reducing wind-induced structural vibrations has been well established. However, from most of the recent numerical studies, it appears that for a structure situated on very soft soil, soil-structure interaction (SSI) could render a damper on the structure totally ineffective. In order to experimentally verify the SSI effect on the seismic performance of TMD, a series of shaking table model tests have been conducted and the results are presented in this paper. It has been shown that the TMD is not as effective in controlling the seismic responses of structures built on soft soil sites due to the SSI effect. Some test results also show that a TMD device might have a negative impact if the SSI effect is neglected and the structure is built on a soft soil site. For structures constructed on a soil foundation, this research verifies that the SSI effect must be carefully understood before a TMD control system is designed to determine if the control is necessary and if the SSI effect must be considered when choosing the optimal parameters of the TMD device.

Preparation and Properties of PBXs Based on FOX-7 in Controlled Fragmentation Warhead Application

Polymer bonded explosive(PBX)formulations were successfully prepared in the laboratory scale containing 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene(FOX-7)and hexogen(RDX)as brisant high explosives and different binder types of polyurethane(PU)based on glycidyl azide polymer(GAP) and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB) as an energetic and inert polymeric binder respectively.Casting technique was used for the preparation of different PBX formulations based on FOX-7/RDX and PU(GAP/HTPB)with 14% binder.The sensitivity to different initial impulses and performance characteristics of the explosive and lethal zone of the tested controlled fragmentation warhead by the fragmentation warhead assessment test(arena test)were studied,in which the arena test was carried out with a controlled fragmentation warhead made from Ck45 steel,with dimensions(100 mm length,30 mm outer diameter and 3 mm thickness).Results show that PBXGF4 has lower sensitivity to impact and heat than those of PBXGR4 by 188.4% and 3.2% respectively.Its friction sensitivity is the same as that of PBXGR4.It has better performance,in which detonation velocity increases by 2.1% and brisance increases by 0.5% when compared with those of PBXGR4.It was concluded that PBXGF4 which based on FOX-7 bonded with PU/GAP matrix has good characteristics as PBX,specially in the sensitivity to impact and can be applied for replacing PBXs based on RDX in the advanced PBXs for low sensitive fragmentation warheads.

Unified control and detection framework and its applications: a review, some new results, and future perspectives

Initiated three decades ago,integrated design of controllers and fault detectors has continuously attracted research attention.The recent development of the unified control and detection framework with an observer-based residual generator in its core gives a more general form of the previous works.Its applications to residual centred modelling of uncertain control systems,fault detection in feedback control systems with uncertainties,fault-tolerant control(FTC)as well as control performance degradation monitoring,detection and recovery are introduced.In conclusion,some future perspectives are proposed.

System Monitoring Program Development Process in the Nuclear Power Plant

Performance monitoring is the important part of the equipment reliability process description( AP913),and the system performance is the main content of monitoring. The purpose of system performance monitoring is to identify early performance degradation of system and equipment in time,evaluate the overall health of system, and carry out corrective actions in a timely manner. Performance monitoring also has the corresponding experience feedback. The paper introduces the process of system monitoring program development. In the end,the paper takes an example of the turbine control fluid system( GFR) in a domestic nuclear power plant. The example shows the process is good for the analysis.

Numerical Methods for Safeguarding the Performance of the Quenching Process

A new numerical technique for testing and evaluation of quenching media and quenching systems is outlined. The measured time-temperature samples as a result of cooling curve test are analyzed by the new software developed, in order to characterize quantitatively the quenchants. The method applied is based on Fourier analysis. Examples for evaluation and comparison of cooling performance of quenchants are presented the applicability of the computational technique.

Modeling and control of MR damper considering trapped air effect

Due to the high viscosity of magnetorheological(MR)fluid,eliminating air pockets dissolved in the fluid is very difficult,which results in a force lag phenomenon.In order to evaluate the performance of a semi-active control system based on the MR damper considering the trapped air effect,a performance test on a MR damper is carried out under different loading cases,and the influence of the input current,excitation amplitude and frequency on the force lag phenomenon is analyzed.A concise and efficient parametric model,combining the simple Bouc-Wen model and a spring with small stiffness,is proposed to portray the experimental characteristics of the MR damper with force lag,and then the response analysis of the semi-active controlled single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)structure is performed using the classic clipped-optimal control strategy based on acceleration feedback.Numerical results show that the trapped air in the MR fluid can weaken the control effect of the MR damper,and the performance of the semi-active control system will be reduced more obviously and become close to the passive-off control with the increasing content of air trapped in the MR fluid.

Proficiency Testing Scheme for Pesticides in Honey

Agricultural contamination with pesticides is a challenging problem for both human and bee health. Consequently, a number of laboratories performing pesticides residues analyse in honey and honey products has gradually increased in recent years. In the framework of their accreditations according to ISO 17025 standard, these laboratories must control their performances through interlaboratory comparison. Interprofessional Bureau of Analytical Studies (BIPEA) organizes regular proficiency testing schemes (PTS) in many analytical domains, including the analysis of pesticides in honey, to compare the performances of the laboratories. As an example, one test was conducted in October 2015 using an organic honey spiked with 21 pesticides, at levels between 15 ^g/kg and 200 ^g/kg, with 27 participating laboratories. This test was intended for the identification and quantification of 21 molecules of pesticides residues. The techniques used by the laboratories were GC-MS-MS, LC-MS-MS, GC-MS and GC-ECD, according to the molecules. Participating laboratories were required to return their results on a dedicated website after a period of one month, and a statistical treatment of the data was performed according to ISO 13528 standard. Assigned (consensus) values were calculated from the participants’ results and the performances of the laboratories could then be evaluated individually and collectively according to ISO 17043 standard. The results of this test were satisfactory for detection and quantification, whatever the analytical technique. The molecules were correctly identified by the laboratories and the recovery rates ranged from 56% up to 88%. The dispersions of the results, studied through the coefficients of variation, were also satisfactory ranging from 7% to 30%. This test showed that the laboratories participating routinely in this kind of tests are very competent in the analysis of pesticides residues in honey. It also allowed the participating laboratories to draw up a general inventory of their analytical skills, and it was a very useful tool to detect bias or non-compliant results. It acted as a warning signal for the implementation of corrective and/or curative actions in the laboratories.

Control rod drive for high temperature gas cooled reactor

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