Mono Ethanol Amine (MEA) Pulping of Wheat Straw: An Environmentally Friendly Suggestion for the Fluff Pulp Production

This research aimed to investigate the effect of pulping conditions and refining intensities of wheat straw to be recommended for fluff pulp production.For this purpose,mono ethanol amine(MEA)was selected as a de-lignification agent at three levels of 50:50,25:75,and 15:85(MEA/water,W/V%),and soda-AQ 14 W/V%was used as a reference pulping.To investigate the optimal refining intensity,the obtained pulp was passed through a single disk laboratory refiner from 0 to 6 times and in two different consistencies(1.5 and 2.5 W/V%).Total yield,kappa number,ash content,and the Schopper-Riegler(SR°)freeness of the prepared pulps were investigated.Finally,hand sheets with a targeted basic weight of 70 g/m^(2) were made according to the related standards.The hand sheets were characterized using Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and a field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM).Sheet density,brightness,and mechanical properties such as burst,tensile,and tear indices were also investigated.The FE-SEM photographs showed that the texture of the hand sheet became denser as the refining intensity increased.External fibrillation on the surface of the fibers was also observed,especially on those refined with 2.5%consistency.The results of the chemical composition of wheat straw indicated that wheat straw containing a high percentage of holocellulose is an excellent candidate for the production of fluff pulp.The total yield and kappa number of MEA pulps increased with the decrease in MEA concentration.FTIR results indicated the presence of a peak related to amino groups in the pulp related to MEA pulp.The results also indicated that the mechanical properties of the papers,except for the tear index,were enhanced as the intensity of refining and the pulp consistency during refining increased.

单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌Rapid’L.mono快速筛选方法的评价

目的对单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌Rapid’L.mono快速筛选方法进行评价。方法以国家标准GB4789.30-2016作为参照方法,在检测特异性、交叉反应试验、添加实验、不同批次产品培养条件的影响和实际样品的检测方面对Rapid’L.mono快速筛选方法进行比较和评价。结果 Rapid’L.mono快速筛选培养基准确率达到97%,与30株非目标菌无交叉反应。GB 4789.30-2016方法的检出率高于快速筛选方法,2种方法的检测差异存在统计学意义(χ~2=15.864,P<0.05)。培养温度和培养时间的变化对Rapid’L.mono快速筛选方法的检出率没有影响。230份样品中,GB 4789.30-2016方法和Rapid’L.mono快速筛选方法均未检测到阳性结果样品。结论 Rapid’L.mono快速筛选培养基可以作为一种选择性培养基来使用,Rapid’L.mono快速筛选方法可以辅助国标方法应用于食品检测中。

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Herbicidal Activity of(3R,4R)-4,7,7-Trimethyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3,4-diol Mono-fatty Acid Esters

Four mono-fatty acid esters(Ia～d) were synthesized via the esterification of(3R,4R)-4,7,7-trimethyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3,4-diol(I) with fatty acid chlorides(CH_3(CH_2)_nCOCl, n = 0, 2, 4, 6) and structurally characterized by means of H RMS, IR, ~1 H-NMR, ^(13)C-NMR and X-ray diffraction. Compounds Ia～d all belong to monoclinic system, P2_1/c space group. Intermolecular O(2)–H(2)···O(1) hydrogen bonds, intramolecular O(2)–H(2)···O(3) hydrogen bonds and van der Waals' interaction between fatty acid ester groups link each of the mono-fatty acid ester molecules into a bilayer structure similar to liposome with the exposed hydrophobic moiety and the sandwiched lipophilic moiety. Especially, compounds Ia～d could be dissoluble or scattered in aqueous solution and showed hydrophilic/lipophilic property-dependent herbicidal activity against the dicotyledon plant rape(Brassica campestris) and the monocotyledon plant barnyard grass(Echinochloa crus galli). At the concentration of 10 mmol·L^(-1), the inhibition rates of compounds Ia～d against the root growth of rape are 31.9, 90.8, 99.5 and 100%, respectively and the inhibition rates against the shoot elongation of barnyard grass are 19.3, 50.0, 80.2 and 100%, respectively.

基于Mono Touch的海洋机动测量数据传输技术的研究

根据沿岸海洋机动调查测量数据传输的需求,提出以Mono Touch技术实现对海洋机动测量数据的传输,首先在iPhone上使用SQLite嵌入式数据及SOAP、REST方式处理数据;其次使用iPhone SDK定位并显示地图,利用Mono Touch技术显示数据表及其导航;最后由Mono Touch UIDevice类连接传感器,将iPhone终端上的数据表传输到服务器。形成移动终端设备与中央服务器数据的互操作模式,从而实现了海洋数据传输的实时性、可靠性和便捷性。

小檗碱对AIS患者血清MIF和MONO%的调控作用

目的:探讨小檗碱对急性缺血性脑卒中患者(AIS)血清巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(MIF)和单核细胞比率(MONO%)的调控作用。方法:120例AIS患者随机分为小檗碱组(n=60)和常规组(n=60),常规组仅给予常规治疗,小檗碱组在常规组治疗的基础上加用小檗碱口服(0.3g,日三次)。所有患者均检测入院第1天、14天时血清MIF、MONO%水平。结果:小檗碱组、常规组入院第1天MIF、MONO%比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组第14天时的MIF、MONO%均明显低于本组第1天(P<0.05);并且,小檗碱组第14天时的MIF、MONO%明显低于常规组第14天(P<0.05)。结论:小檗碱可显著降低缺血性脑卒中急性期患者血清MIF和MONO%水平,抑制炎症反应。

基于Word2vec及TF-MONO算法的中国观众对中外电影的需求与满意度比较研究

[目的/意义]中国电影市场近年来蓬勃发展,研究中国观众观影的感知需求与满意度对促进国产电影内循环以及其他来源国电影向中国电影市场跨文化传播具有重大意义。[方法/过程]本文采用网络爬虫技术获取2017-2020年在中国大陆上映的包含中国电影、美国电影、欧洲电影以及日本电影在内的423部电影样本影评数据,共计75548条。利用词频统计、Word2vec模型对影评数据进行特征提取,识别观众感知需求。后引入情感词典和TF-MONO算法实现对中国观众观影满意度的测算。[结果/结论]研究结果发现:首先,中国观众观影感知需求主要表现在故事、角色这两个方面。其次,中国观众对中国电影动作特征表现为高满意;对美国电影的特效、角色、演员这三个特征满意度较高;欧洲电影的故事较其他三个来源国电影表现更为突出;日本电影的艺术、导演/团队特征更能使中国观众满意。整体来看,中国观影者对欧洲电影整体满意度最高,其次是美国电影、日本电影,最后是中国电影。

A Study on the Inclusion of α-Cyclodextrin with Mono-and 1,4-Disubstituted Benzenes by Neural Networks

The association constant (Ka) values were calculated by the function-strengthen ing neural networks (FNN) for the inclusion complexation of α-CD with mono- and 1,4-disubstituted benzenes. The lnKa predicted by FNN from Rm, π and σ constants of substituents are in great agreement with the experimental data.

MonoTrap法捕集白木香愈伤组织挥发性成分及其GC-MS分析

采用新型材料Mono Trap作为顶空固相萃取的吸附剂,捕集茉莉酸甲酯(Me JA)处理后的白木香愈伤组织挥发性成分,并应用GC-MS分析测定其化学成分及相对含量。结果表明,从Me JA不同处理下的白木香愈伤组织中共鉴定出56种挥发物成分,主要成分为脂肪烃类、芳香族类和倍半萜类等成分;通过正交实验法确定最佳捕集方法为:不破碎愈伤组织材料,于30℃条件下、采用Mono Trap捕集6 h。Mono Trap法结合气质联用具有高灵敏度、强针对性和可操作性强的优点,可以为白木香的开发利用提供理论依据。

Learning Bayesian network parameters under new monotonic constraints

When the training data are insufficient, especially when only a small sample size of data is available, domain knowledge will be taken into the process of learning parameters to improve the performance of the Bayesian networks. In this paper, a new monotonic constraint model is proposed to represent a type of common domain knowledge. And then, the monotonic constraint estimation algorithm is proposed to learn the parameters with the monotonic constraint model. In order to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm, series of experiments are carried out. The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is able to obtain more accurate parameters compared to some existing algorithms while the complexity is not the highest.

Expression of toxin-related human mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase 3 in human testes

Aim： To investigate wether the corresponding protein of mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase 3 （ART3） mRNA is expressed in human testes and, if so, whether the expression is cell type-specific. Methods： ART3 mRNA was determined in human testes and sperm by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage of ART3 was shown by treating ART3-transfected HEK-293-T cells with phospholipase C. Fluorescent activated cell sorter （FACS）-analyses were used to detect ART3 on mature spermatozoa and immunohistological studies to detect the protein in testes. Results： ART3 protein was shown to be present in testes. It was found on spermatocytes only. It was absent from spermatogonia, spermatids and spermatozoa. The absence of ART3 from spermatozoa was confirmed by FACS-analysis. ART3 protein was detected neither within a seminoma nor on Leydig cells. Conclusion： Here we show for the first time that ART3 protein is expressed in testes in particular on spermatocytes, indicating that ART3 exerts a specific function only required at a particular stage of spermatogenesis.

基于Mono Tra p-GC-O-MS的西瓜汁热处理前后气味化合物分析

Mono Trap具有萃取量大、操作简便等特点,在西瓜汁气味化合物萃取上具有一定优势。采用Mono Trap、热脱附结合气相色谱-嗅闻-质谱萃取分析热处理前后西瓜汁气味化合物变化。使用RGC18、RSC18、RGPS这3种吸附材料从鲜榨和热处理西瓜汁样品中分别鉴定出50种和71种气味化合物。通过实验对比这3种吸附材料的萃取效果,结果显示,RGC18对西瓜汁气味化合物的萃取效果最好,利用RGC18从鲜榨和热处理西瓜汁中分别萃取到41种和53种气味化合物。西瓜汁在热处理后,风味物质发生了很大变化,呈现苦杏仁味、皂化味和酸刺味的2-甲基丁醛、糠醛、辛醛、癸醛、(E)-2-庚烯醛、乙酸和甲酸等化合物的香气活力值增大;呈现清香、柠檬气味的己醛、β-环柠檬醛和(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛不能被嗅闻到。这些气味化合物的变化是导致西瓜汁热处理后出现异味的重要原因。

Effects of Low Concentrations of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) and Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate on Steroidogenesis Pathways and Apoptosis in the Murine Leydig Tumor Cell Line MLTC-1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low concentrations of DEHP and MEHP on steroidogenesis in a murine Leydig tumor cell line （MLTC-1） in vitro. The result of flow cytometry analysis revealed that the proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly increased after the exposure to DEHP. All three genes （P450scc, P450c17, and 38HSD） under study showed an increased expression following exposure to DEHP or MEHP, although some insignificant inhibitory effects appeared in the 10μmol/L treatment group as compared with the controls. It was also found that DEHP or MEHP stimulated INSL3 mRNA and protein especially in the 0.001 μmol/L treatment group. Testosterone secretions were stimulated after the exposure to DEHP or MEHP. Alterations of steroidogenic enzymes and INSL3 in MLTC-1 cells might be involved in the biphasic effects of DEHP/MEHP on androgen production.

Effect of Mono-2-ethyhexyl Phthalate on DNA Methylation in Human Prostate Cancer LNCaP Cells

Objective To evaluate whether mono（2‐ethylhexyl） phthalate（MEHP） affects genomic DNA methylation and the methylation status of some specific genes such as patched gene（PTCH） and smoothened gene（SMO） in LNCaP cells. Methods LNCaP cells were treated with MEHP（0, 1, 5, 10, and 25 μmol/L） for 3 days. An ELISA assay was preformed to detect genomic methylation, including 5‐methylcytosine（5‐mC） and 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine（5‐hmC） content. A pyrosequencing assay was applied to assess DNA methylation in PTCH and SMO gene promoters. The correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression was assessed. Results The proportion of cytosines with 5‐mC methylation in LNCaP cells was significantly decreased by MEHP（1, 5, 10, and 25 μmol/L） in a dose‐dependent manner（P 〈 0.01）. For genes in the Hedgehog pathway, there was no significant MEHP concentration‐dependent difference in the DNA methylation of PTCH and SMO. Conclusion MEHP might affect the progression of prostate cancer through its effect on global DNA methylation.

Stochastic resonance in a time-delayed mono-stable system with correlated multiplicative and additive white noise

This paper considers the stochastic resonance for a time-delayed mono-stable system, driven by correlated multiplicative and additive white noise. It finds that the output signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） varies non-monotonically with the delayed times. The SNR varies non-monotonically with the increase of the intensities of the multiplicative and additive noise, with the increase of the correlation strength between the two noises, as well as with the system parameter.

Study on Synthesis and Polymerization of Mono (isopropylmaleate oyloxyl) Diisopropoxyl Dysprosium

Mono(isopropyl maleate-oyloxyl) diisopropoxyl dysprosium(DM) was synthesized by the reaction of dysprosium isopropoxide with maleic anhydride. Dy-containing polymer(PDM) was obtained by the solution polymerization of DM using 2, 2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The kinetic study on the polymerization shows that the polymerization of DM exhibits high apparent activation energy(96.3 kJ.mol(-1)), indicating that the activity of DM is low for polymerization. The kinetic equation of polymerization can be expressed as R-P = k(P)C(DM)(1.23)c(AIBN)(0.82). The polymeric solid material shows excellent heat-stability and strong characteristic fluorescence of Dy3+, (4)Fg(9/2) --> H-6(15/2) and F-4(9/2) --> H-6(13/2).

Synergistic extraction of rare earth by mixtures of 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid from sulfuric acid medium

The extraction of Nd^3＋ and Sm^3＋, including the extraction and stripping capability as well as the separation effect of Nd^3＋ or Sm^3＋, from a sulfuric acid medium, by mixtures of di-（2-ethylhexyl） phosphoric acid （HDEHP, H2A2（0）） and 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester （HEH/EHP, H2L2（0）） were studied. The distribution ratios and synergistic coefficients of Nd^3＋ and Sm^3＋ in different acidities were also determined. A synergistic extractive effect was found when HDEHP and HEH/EHP were used as mixed extractants for Sm^3＋ or Nd^3＋. The chemical compositions of the extracted complex were determined as Nd.（HA2）2-HL2 and Sm.（HA2）2-HL2. The extraction equilibrium constants, enthalpy change, and entropy change of the extraction reaction were also determined.

A Comparative Study of Electronic Properties of Bulk MoS2 and Its Monolayer Using DFT Technique: Application of Mechanical Strain on MoS2 Monolayer

Electronic structure calculation of bulk and monolayer MoS2 has been performed using plane wave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory. The indirect band gap in the bulk MoS2 was found to be 0.9 eV, whereas in the monolayer-MoS2 the band gap of 1.57 eV was found to be direct one. The calculated physical parameters of monolayer MoS2 are found to be very close to the bulk MoS2 and compare well with available experimental and other theoretical results. The calculated density of states (DOS) may help explain this change in the nature of band gap in bulk and in monolayer MoS2. A further variation in band gap has been observed in MoS2 monolayer on applying biaxial strain.

Quantitative Assessment of Vulnerability to Flood Hazards in Downstream Area of Mono Basin, South-Eastern Togo: Yoto District

The population located along Mono River in the Yoto district faces great challenges in terms of repeated flood disasters in recent years. This paper aims at assessing the conditions which influence flood damage in the study area by using indicators to compute a Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI). The study relies on Turner?et al.’s vulnerability framework and distinguishes three main components (exposure, susceptibility and resilience) that allow a more in-depth analysis and interpretation of local indicators. As a result flood disaster in the study area is not only due to the extreme variability in terms of flood magnitude and frequency in the Mono River, but also to the interaction between human and the environment. The lack of vegetation along the river bank, the closeness of households’ farmlands to the river body, the type of construction and the position of settlements, the household size, the low level education of household head, the lack of diversification of livelihood strategies, the lack of adequate flood warning system, the lack of willingness and ability to take responsive actions coupled with inadequate emergency services, are identified as main determinants increasing communities’ vulnerability to flood disaster. Furthermore, the computation of Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI) offers easy comparison of communities’ vulnerability to flood disaster and pinpoints the most vulnerable communities. At the end of the study, flood exposure, susceptibility, resilience and vulnerability maps were generated.

Synthesis and Photocytotoxicity of Mono-functionalised Porphyrin with Valine Moiety

A mono-funtionalised tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) bearing valine moiety at the phenylring was synthesized for photocytotoxicity examination in four steps, starting from regiospecificmono-nitration of TPP at the phenyl ring. The in vitro photocytotoxicitic effect against SPC-Aladenocarcinona cell line was tested.

A study on the clinical profile of complicated Plasmodium vivax mono-infections

Objective:To identify cases of severe Plasmodium vivax(P.vivax) mono-infections among adults.Methods:In this retrospective study,30 adult patients admitted to medical wards of a tertiary hospital in a malaria endemic urban area from March 2010 to April 2010 were included. The diagnosis of P.vivax malaria was established by peripheral blood film(PBF) examination, and severe malaria was categorized as per World Health Organization guidelines.Results: Complications observed were thrombocytopenia in 28(93.3%),hepatic dysfunction and jaundice in 13(433%),renal dysfunction in 8(26.7%),severe anaemia in 3(10.0%),cerebral malaria in 2 (6.7%),and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) in 1(3.3%) of 30 patients.Conclusions:P. vivax malaria with severe complications is common in the investigated area,and an intensive and large-scale study of the disease is necessary.