A new feeding mode for a simulated moving bed(SMB) is proposed.The outlet stream from zone II is collected at regular intervals.The concentration of the solution is increased by dissolving raw materials and then fed t...A new feeding mode for a simulated moving bed(SMB) is proposed.The outlet stream from zone II is collected at regular intervals.The concentration of the solution is increased by dissolving raw materials and then fed to zone III as the feed stream during the next collection interval.In this feeding mode,the concentration of the stream fed to zone III is identical to that of original feed,while in a conventional SMB,the feed is diluted by mix-ing with the outlet stream of zone II before feeding to zone III.The new feeding mode increases the inlet concentra-tion of zone III.A modeling investigation shows that higher inlet concentration of zone III increases the height of concentration band in SMB,improving the separation performance significantly.In comparison with the traditonal feeding mode,the new feeding mode increases the productivity by 23.52%and decreases the solvent consumption by 22.56%,so as to increase the raffinate and extract concentrations by 53.17%and 20.38%,respectively.The col-lection interval for the outlet stream from zone II has no effect on the separation performance after reaching the steady state,so that the collection interval can be increased to make the operation more convenient.展开更多
A three-dimensional finite element method was developed to simulate the fluid flow,heat transfer and solidification for twin roll strip casting.An improved two-equationκ-εmodel was used to incorporate the turbulence...A three-dimensional finite element method was developed to simulate the fluid flow,heat transfer and solidification for twin roll strip casting.An improved two-equationκ-εmodel was used to incorporate the turbulence in fluid flow.The influence of vertical feeding and submerged entry nozzle feeding on the flow and temperature field was discussed.The optimum submersion depth and entry angle of submerged nozzle were obtained through comparison of the simulation results.展开更多
The emulsion copolymerization of vinylidene chloride (VDC) with methyl-methacrylate(MMA) and acrylonitrile (AN) was carried out by batch, seeded batch and semicontinuous pro-cesses,respectively. Significant difference...The emulsion copolymerization of vinylidene chloride (VDC) with methyl-methacrylate(MMA) and acrylonitrile (AN) was carried out by batch, seeded batch and semicontinuous pro-cesses,respectively. Significant differences were found in the physical and mechanical propertiesof the latexes and films, depending on the methods of monomer feeding. The results both intheory and experiments demonstrated that the copolymer composition and the length of the VDC sequences in the copolymer could be controlled by the modes of monomer feeding process.展开更多
We conducted behavior experiments on the roles of vision, olfaction, and the lateral line in feeding in tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis Gtinter. Chemical cues from the prey alone could not elicit any searching or a...We conducted behavior experiments on the roles of vision, olfaction, and the lateral line in feeding in tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis Gtinter. Chemical cues from the prey alone could not elicit any searching or attacking behavior by the fish; only when moving foods were presented, the chemical nature of the foods affected feeding. In addition, we found that normal tongue sole did not accurately recognize moving artificial prey of different shapes. Neither chemosense nor vision plays an important role in prey detection. Reactions to moving objects and the response of the oropharyngeal cavity to different foods showed that the （eyeless） tongue sole use mainly the lateral line for prey detection and capture. Gustation in the oropharyngeal cavity is essential for the fish to swallow its prey.展开更多
A nonlinear pressure controller was presented to track desired feeding pressure for the cutter feeding system(CFS) of trench cutter(TC) in the presence of unknown external disturbances.The feeding pressure control of ...A nonlinear pressure controller was presented to track desired feeding pressure for the cutter feeding system(CFS) of trench cutter(TC) in the presence of unknown external disturbances.The feeding pressure control of CFS is subjected to unknown load characteristics of rock or soil; in addition,the geological condition is time-varying.Due to the complex load characteristics of rock or soil,the feeding velocity of TC is related to geological conditions.What is worse,its dynamic model is subjected to uncertainties and its function is unknown.To deal with the particular characteristics of CFS,a novel adaptive fuzzy integral sliding mode control(AFISMC) was designed for feeding pressure control of CFS,which combines the robust characteristics of an integral sliding mode controller and the adaptive adjusting characteristics of an adaptive fuzzy controller.The AFISMC feeding pressure controller is synthesized using the backstepping technique.The stability of the overall closed-loop system consisting of the adaptive fuzzy inference system,integral sliding mode controller and the cutter feeding system is proved using Lyapunov theory.Experiments are conducted on a TC test bench with the AFISMC under different operating conditions.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed AFISMC feeding pressure controller for CFS gives a superior and robust pressure tracking performance with maximum pressure tracking error within ?0.3 MPa.展开更多
由于传统淡水鱼池塘养殖存在废物过量堆积、水体污染严重等问题,以及中国对水产品需求的增加,工厂化循环水养殖、集装箱、圈养模式等高质量、高产量、集约化的新型淡水鱼养殖模式逐渐得到应用。针对新型淡水鱼养殖模式存在投饲劳动强度...由于传统淡水鱼池塘养殖存在废物过量堆积、水体污染严重等问题,以及中国对水产品需求的增加,工厂化循环水养殖、集装箱、圈养模式等高质量、高产量、集约化的新型淡水鱼养殖模式逐渐得到应用。针对新型淡水鱼养殖模式存在投饲劳动强度大、自动化程度低等问题,设计了一款气送式自动投饲系统,实现了定向、定时和定量投饲功能。设计了特定的四通装置和三通装置以保证饲料的定向输送;基于计算流体力学和离散单元法(Computational fluid dynamics-Discrete element method,CFD-DEM)耦合技术,初步确定了满足投饲要求的投饲速度并由此确定了风机型号;开发了以Arduino Mega 2560单片机为核心处理器的投饲控制系统,通过时钟模块实时获取当前时间信息,通过称量传感器实时获取料仓内物料质量信息,通过蓝牙传输预计投饲区域、投饲时间和投饲质量,从而实现定向定时定量投饲;最后试制样机并进行了性能试验,两种工况下投饲的实际投饲距离与仿真结果误差分别为5.74%和9.54%,定向、定时和定量投饲可以准确实现,控制系统响应时间小于1 s,定量投饲最大误差为5.37%。研究结果表明,自动投饲系统结构可靠、控制系统精度较高,满足自动投饲要求。展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo（2009A610153）
文摘A new feeding mode for a simulated moving bed(SMB) is proposed.The outlet stream from zone II is collected at regular intervals.The concentration of the solution is increased by dissolving raw materials and then fed to zone III as the feed stream during the next collection interval.In this feeding mode,the concentration of the stream fed to zone III is identical to that of original feed,while in a conventional SMB,the feed is diluted by mix-ing with the outlet stream of zone II before feeding to zone III.The new feeding mode increases the inlet concentra-tion of zone III.A modeling investigation shows that higher inlet concentration of zone III increases the height of concentration band in SMB,improving the separation performance significantly.In comparison with the traditonal feeding mode,the new feeding mode increases the productivity by 23.52%and decreases the solvent consumption by 22.56%,so as to increase the raffinate and extract concentrations by 53.17%and 20.38%,respectively.The col-lection interval for the outlet stream from zone II has no effect on the separation performance after reaching the steady state,so that the collection interval can be increased to make the operation more convenient.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(59995440)
文摘A three-dimensional finite element method was developed to simulate the fluid flow,heat transfer and solidification for twin roll strip casting.An improved two-equationκ-εmodel was used to incorporate the turbulence in fluid flow.The influence of vertical feeding and submerged entry nozzle feeding on the flow and temperature field was discussed.The optimum submersion depth and entry angle of submerged nozzle were obtained through comparison of the simulation results.
基金The project is supported by Beijing Natural Science Fund.
文摘The emulsion copolymerization of vinylidene chloride (VDC) with methyl-methacrylate(MMA) and acrylonitrile (AN) was carried out by batch, seeded batch and semicontinuous pro-cesses,respectively. Significant differences were found in the physical and mechanical propertiesof the latexes and films, depending on the methods of monomer feeding. The results both intheory and experiments demonstrated that the copolymer composition and the length of the VDC sequences in the copolymer could be controlled by the modes of monomer feeding process.
基金Supported by Qingdao Natural Science Foundation (No. 09-1-3-10-jch)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30871913)+1 种基金"Taishan Scholar" Project Special Fundthe Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Scientific and Research Fund
文摘We conducted behavior experiments on the roles of vision, olfaction, and the lateral line in feeding in tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis Gtinter. Chemical cues from the prey alone could not elicit any searching or attacking behavior by the fish; only when moving foods were presented, the chemical nature of the foods affected feeding. In addition, we found that normal tongue sole did not accurately recognize moving artificial prey of different shapes. Neither chemosense nor vision plays an important role in prey detection. Reactions to moving objects and the response of the oropharyngeal cavity to different foods showed that the （eyeless） tongue sole use mainly the lateral line for prey detection and capture. Gustation in the oropharyngeal cavity is essential for the fish to swallow its prey.
基金Project(2012AA041801)supported by the High-tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘A nonlinear pressure controller was presented to track desired feeding pressure for the cutter feeding system(CFS) of trench cutter(TC) in the presence of unknown external disturbances.The feeding pressure control of CFS is subjected to unknown load characteristics of rock or soil; in addition,the geological condition is time-varying.Due to the complex load characteristics of rock or soil,the feeding velocity of TC is related to geological conditions.What is worse,its dynamic model is subjected to uncertainties and its function is unknown.To deal with the particular characteristics of CFS,a novel adaptive fuzzy integral sliding mode control(AFISMC) was designed for feeding pressure control of CFS,which combines the robust characteristics of an integral sliding mode controller and the adaptive adjusting characteristics of an adaptive fuzzy controller.The AFISMC feeding pressure controller is synthesized using the backstepping technique.The stability of the overall closed-loop system consisting of the adaptive fuzzy inference system,integral sliding mode controller and the cutter feeding system is proved using Lyapunov theory.Experiments are conducted on a TC test bench with the AFISMC under different operating conditions.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed AFISMC feeding pressure controller for CFS gives a superior and robust pressure tracking performance with maximum pressure tracking error within ?0.3 MPa.
文摘由于传统淡水鱼池塘养殖存在废物过量堆积、水体污染严重等问题,以及中国对水产品需求的增加,工厂化循环水养殖、集装箱、圈养模式等高质量、高产量、集约化的新型淡水鱼养殖模式逐渐得到应用。针对新型淡水鱼养殖模式存在投饲劳动强度大、自动化程度低等问题,设计了一款气送式自动投饲系统,实现了定向、定时和定量投饲功能。设计了特定的四通装置和三通装置以保证饲料的定向输送;基于计算流体力学和离散单元法(Computational fluid dynamics-Discrete element method,CFD-DEM)耦合技术,初步确定了满足投饲要求的投饲速度并由此确定了风机型号;开发了以Arduino Mega 2560单片机为核心处理器的投饲控制系统,通过时钟模块实时获取当前时间信息,通过称量传感器实时获取料仓内物料质量信息,通过蓝牙传输预计投饲区域、投饲时间和投饲质量,从而实现定向定时定量投饲;最后试制样机并进行了性能试验,两种工况下投饲的实际投饲距离与仿真结果误差分别为5.74%和9.54%,定向、定时和定量投饲可以准确实现,控制系统响应时间小于1 s,定量投饲最大误差为5.37%。研究结果表明,自动投饲系统结构可靠、控制系统精度较高,满足自动投饲要求。
