Color Expression and Mood Creation in Imagery Oil Painting

Oil painting is a traditional Western painting form.With the introduction of China and the influence of China’s traditional painting and aesthetics,the painting style became more distinctive,expanding a new development direction of oil painting,and thus imagery oil painting came into being.Color,as the most important element in imagery oil painting,mainly plays the role of mood creation and emotional expression.Many creators are good at injecting their thoughts and emotions into the paintings through color matching,so as to enhance the artistic expression of the paintings.This paper analyzes the color expression characteristics of imagery oil painting and explores the color expression techniques in imagery oil painting and mood creation of imagery oil painting from several aspects.

Investigation of Patients’ Mood on Their Distance from the Pharmacist during Medication Instruction

Background: Pharmacists must adjust their distance from patients to facilitate communication during interviews and gain their trust. The distance between the patients and the pharmacists varies depending on many factors, such as gender, posture and the patients’ mood. Only a few of these papers have actually measured and validated distance with patients. In this study, we validated our method of assessing mood and measuring distance before beginning a survey with patients. Methods: We measured comfortable interpersonal distance among men and women using an ecological scenario, in which a pharmacist approaches the subject, and the subject is asked to stop the pharmacist at the distance he/she feel comfortable with. Five pharmacists and 33 subjects participated in the study. The Japanese version of the Brief Mood Questionnaire Checklists (BMC-J) was used to quantify the subject’s mood for the day, and then the distance from the pharmacist that the subjects considered comfortable was measured at the bedside. The relationship between the mood and distance obtained was examined. Results: The comfortable distance of subjects was influenced by gender, posture, and mood. The shortest distance was 94.7 ± 11.1 cm (mean ± SD), for the male subjects versus the female pharmacists in the sitting position. The distance of male subjects shorted when they had positive emotions and lengthened when they were worried. Female subjects maintained a long distance from both male and female pharmacists when they had positive emotions and a short distance when they were worried. Conclusion: Findings show that the distance changes depending on the subjects’ mood at the time of measurement. It was found that the present measurement method can be used to determine the psychological state of the patient and measure the comfort distance at that time, and can be used as a simple method to examine these relationships. Therefore, it is also considered a practical method for the next step, which is a clinical study on patients.

Association between depressive mood and body image and menopausal symptoms and sexual function in perimenopausal women

BACKGROUND Perimenopausal is the period when women's ovarian function begins to decline before and after menopause.During this period,women experience a series of mental state changes,such as decreased hormone levels,decreased libido,and even female sexual dysfunction(FSD)in severe cases,which reduces their quality of life.Factors affecting the occurrence of FSD include physiological and nonphysiological factors,among which physiological factors are uncontrollable.Therefore,it is particularly important to ascertain the related non-physiological factors that affect the occurrence of FSD for improving the quality of sexual life of perimenopausal women.AIM To investigate the mediating effect of depressive mood and body image on menopausal symptoms and sexual function in perimenopausal women.METHODS A total of 186 perimenopausal women were enrolled between January 2019 and January 2021 and divided into the FSD(134 cases)and control(52 cases)groups based on the presence and absence of FSD.Clinical data were compared between the two groups.FSD-related factors were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Body Image Scale(BIS),and Menopause Rating Scale(MRS)scores were compared among women with different FSD scores.The correlation of the MRS score with the BIS and HAMD scores and the mediating effect of the BIS and HAMD scores on the MRS score and female sexual function index(FSFI)were analyzed.RESULTS The HAMD and BIS scores were higher in the FSD group than in the control group,and the difference in monthly income between the two groups was statistically significant(all P<0.05).Monthly income of<2000 yuan[odds ratio(OR)=26.586,P=0.000],BIS score(OR=1.590,P=0.000),and HAMD score(OR=1.884,P=0.000)were independent risk factors for FSD.MRS scores were positively correlated with BIS and HAMD scores(r=0.358 and 0.244,P=0.000 and 0.001,respectively)and negatively correlated with FSFI scores(r=-0.433,P=0.000).Body image and depressive mood had partial mediating effects,accounting for 39.90%of the total effect.CONCLUSION Depression and body image play mediating roles between menopausal symptoms and sexual function in perimenopausal women.

Effects of health concept model-based detailed behavioral care on mood and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic heart failure

BACKGROUND With the intensification of social aging,the susceptibility of the elderly population to diseases has attracted increasing attention,especially chronic heart failure(CHF)that accounts for a large proportion of the elderly.AIM To evaluate the application value of health concept model-based detailed behavioral care in elderly patients with CHF.METHODS This study recruited 116 elderly CHF patients admitted from October 2018 to October 2020 and grouped them according to the nursing care that they received.The elderly patients who underwent health concept model-based detailed behavioral care were included in a study group(SG;n=62),and those who underwent routine detailed behavioral nursing intervention were included as a control group(CG;n=54).Patients’negative emotions(NEs),quality of life(QoL),and nutritional status were assessed using the self-rating anxiety/depression scale(SAS/SDS),the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire(MLHFQ),and the Modified Quantitative Subjective Global Assessment(MQSGA)of nutrition,respectively.Differences in rehabilitation efficiency,NEs,cardiac function(CF)indexes,nutritional status,QoL,and nursing satisfaction were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS A higher response rate was recorded in the SG vs the CG after intervention(P<0.05).After care,the left ventricular ejection fraction was higher while the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and left ventricular end systolic diameter were lower in the SG compared with the CG(P<0.05).The post-intervention SAS and SDS scores,as well as MQSGA and MLHFQ scores,were also lower in the SG(P<0.05).The SG was also superior to the CG in the overall nursing satisfaction rate(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Health concept model-based detailed behavioral care has high application value in the nursing care of elderly CHF patients,and it can not only effectively enhance rehabilitation efficiency,but also mitigate patients’NEs and improve their CF and QoL.

Effect of Internet+continuous midwifery service model on psychological mood and pregnancy outcomes for women with highrisk pregnancies

BACKGROUND There are many drawbacks to the traditional midwifery service management model,which can no longer meet the needs of the new era.The Internet+continuous midwifery service management model extends maternal management from prenatal to postpartum,in-hospital to out-of-hospital,and offline to online,thereby improving maternal and infant outcomes.Applying the Internet+continuous midwifery service management model to manage women with highrisk pregnancies(HRP)can improve their psycho-emotional opinion and,in turn,minimize the risk of adverse maternal and/or fetal outcomes.AIM To explore the effectiveness of a midwife-led Internet+continuous midwifery service model for women with HRP.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 439 women with HRP who underwent prenatal examination and delivered at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital(affiliated to the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine)from April to December 2022.Among them,239 pregnant women underwent routine obstetric management,and 200 pregnant women underwent Internet+continuous midwifery service mode management.We used the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,and analysis of delivery outcomes to compare psychological mood and the incidence of adverse delivery outcomes between the two groups.RESULTS The data showed that in early pregnancy,the anxiety and depression levels of the two groups were similar;the levels gradually decreased as pregnancy progressed,and the decrease in the continuous group was more significant[31.00(29.00,34.00)vs 34.00(32.00,37.00),8.00(6.00,9.00)vs 12.00(10.00,13.00),P<0.05].The maternal self-efficacy level and strategy for weight gain management were better in the continuous group than in the traditional group,and the effective rate of midwifery service intervention in the continuous group was significantly higher than in the control group[267.50(242.25,284.75)vs 256.00(233.00,278.00),74.00(69.00,78.00)vs 71.00(63.00,78.00),P<0.05].The incidence of adverse delivery outcomes in pregnant women and newborns and fear of maternal childbirth were lower in the continuous group than in the traditional group,and nursing satisfaction was higher[10.50%vs 18.83%,8.50%vs 15.90%,24.00%vs 42.68%,89.50%vs 76.15%,P<0.05].CONCLUSION The Internet+continuous midwifery service model promotes innovation through integration and is of great significance for improving and promoting maternal and child health in HRP.

A Study on the Different Levels of“Attention”in the Processing of English Subjunctive Mood by Chinese Learners

“Attention”is a very vital cognitive mechanism.Cognitive psychology considers“attention”as the focus of mental activity and consciousness on an object.People engage their senses and memory to actively process the object in front of them.Theories of second language acquisition suggest that a large amount of input is the basis for language acquisition.At the same time,what is actively noticed by the learner can be effectively internalized.Thus,“attention”is also a non-linguistic factor that plays a significant role in language acquisition.The subjunctive mood is a major challenge in the teaching of English grammar.Generally speaking,the verbs in a sentence are used to distinguish between subjunctive and declarative sentences.In this paper,experimental utterances were written based on previous research by using verbs that are easy to cause ambiguity and confusion,and then set up the reinforced and non-reinforced attention conditions with different levels of“attention”to investigate whether there are different results and effects on subjects’comprehension of sentences under different levels of“attention”conditions.Under the different levels of“attention”,the subjects were examined to see whether there were different results in comprehension of the sentences and the impact of the different levels of“attention”.It was found that subjects in the reinforced“attention”condition comprehended sentences better,answered questions faster,and answered questions more correctly than subjects in the non-reinforced condition.This study also shed some light on English second language grammar teaching.

面向对象度量——MOOD算法集及其应用分析

面向对象软件的主要特性包括抽象性、封装性、继承性和多态性等 .本文在分析这些特性的基础上 ,介绍了一种能对这些特性进行全面度量的算法集 ,并对这种算法集在实际应用中可能出现的问题进行了分析 。

基于Brown-Mood中位数检验的小企业债信评级体系

债信评级是通过挖掘评级数据与违约风险的关系,评价一笔债务回收的可能性及不同等级违约损失率的大小。基于Brown-Mood中位数检验建立小企业债信评级体系。创新与特色:①根据某个指标的非违约样本中位数显著大于违约样本的中位数,则该指标越能将非违约与违约样本区分开的思路构造Brown-Mood中位数检验统计量值,遴选通过检验、即违约鉴别力显著的指标。改变了绝大多数现有研究未以违约鉴别力显著为指标遴选标准的不足。②在相关系数大的一对指标中,删除Brown-Mood中位数检验统计量值小的指标,在避免了指标反映信息冗余的同时,也避免了指标的误删。③根据指标的违约鉴别力越强、指标权重就应越大的思路对指标赋权,确保了违约鉴别力越大的指标,权重也越大。④根据非违约样本的债信得分中位数显著大于违约样本的债信得分中位数,则债信得分越能显著区分违约状态、债信评分体系越合理的思路,检验债信评分体系的合理性,开拓了债信评分体系检验的新思路。实证表明:包括资产负债率、恩格尔系数等24个指标的小企业债信评级体系具有显著的违约鉴别力,在债信评级时,应重点关注恩格尔系数、行业景气指数等企业外部宏观环境因素以及法人代表汽车及不动产价值、担任该职务时间等法人代表基本情况因素。

The Brunel Mood Scale Rating in Mental Health for Physically Active and Apparently Healthy Populations

There is a positive relationship between mood states and mental health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the construct validity and internal consistency of the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) for use with different populations, which are physically active and apparently healthy. Measures were obtained from 1295 male (N = 709, 34 ± 20 years, mean ± SD) and female (N = 576, 43 ± 24 years, mean ± SD) volunteers. Factor analysis was used, verifying that six factors (components) accounted for 62.65% of the total variance of the scale. The Varimax method with Kaiser Normalization for the rotation of the factors for the main components, and it was observed that the 24 scale items loaded on six mood factors (anger, depression, tension, vigor, fatigue, and confusion). Internal consistency was good for all the factors identified. We suggest that the results provide some support for validity of the BRUMS for use with different populations, which are physically active and apparently healthy.

六指标MOOD度量网络软件尺度因子拓扑优化模型

针对复杂网络环境下软件质量测评技术的特点,基于最新计算机网络软件质量管理理论,提出MOOD度量方法对软件质量进行体系测评,定义了六指标体系算法作为软件评估度量体系,首次对Mc-Call模型、Boehm模型和ISO/IEC 9126模型3种典型的计算机软件质量优化模型进行系统结构拓扑和测评误差分析,并提出采用WAF尺度因子对结果拓扑进行评价。仿真结果表明,3种优化模型误差率都得到有效降低,趋于0.01,比传统度量方法误差降低23%。研究成果为软件质量管理提供了有效的理论依据。

On the Usage of the Subjunctive Mood in English

The subjunctive mood is one of the most difficult English grammar items for most English learners. In this thesis,the author discusses the usage of the subjunctive mood in English,especially its usage in English subordinate clauses. At the same time,the author provides a lot of examples. In the author's opinion,as long as the English learners find out the rules of it and practice it more,they will definitely grasp the subjunctive mood and use it correctly and skillfully.

两独立样本的Wilcoxon符号秩检验和Brown—Mood中位数检验的功效比较

本文针对两独立样本数据的Wilcoxon符号秩检验和Brown—Mood中位数检验的相对效率进行测度进而比较两种检验的功效。本文先通过类比的方法，基于渐进相对效率理论对二者的功效做出一个初步的判断得出Wilcoxon符号秩检验功效较高的结论；再通过蒙特卡洛模拟，运用R软件计算对于正态分布下不同参数的两总体两检验的功效。从模拟的结果也可以看出，Wilcoxon符号秩检验的检验效果较Brown—Mood检验而言要好。

Gut microbiota in autism and mood disorders

The hypothesis of an important role of gut microbiota in the maintenance of physiological state into the gastrointestinal(GI)system is supported by several studies that have shown a qualitative and quantitative alteration of the intestinal flora in a number of gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases.In the last few years,the importance of gut microbiota impairment in the etiopathogenesis of pathology such as autism,dementia and mood disorder,has been raised.The evidence of the inflammatory state alteration,highlighted in disorders such as schizophrenia,major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder,strongly recalls the microbiota alteration,highly suggesting an important role of the alteration of GI system also in neuropsychiatric disorders.Up to now,available evidences display that the impairment of gut microbiota plays a key role in the development of autism and mood disorders.The application of therapeutic modulators of gut microbiota to autism and mood disorders has been experienced only in experimental settings to date,with few but promising results.A deeper assessment of the role of gut microbiota in the development of autism spectrum disorder(ASD),as well as the advancement of the therapeutic armamentarium for the modulation of gut microbiota is warranted for a better management of ASD and mood disorders.

Effects of music and music therapy on mood in neurological patients

Mood disorder and depressive syndromes represent a common comorbid condition in neurological disorders witha prevalence rate that ranges between 20% and 50% of patients with stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. Notwithstanding, these conditions are often under-diagnosed and under-treated in the clinical practice and negatively affect the functional recovery, the adherence to treatment, the quality of life, and even the mortality risk. In addition, a bidirectional association between depression and neurological disorders may be possible being that depressive syndromes may be considered as a risk factor for certain neurological diseases. Despite the large amount of evidence regarding the effects of music therapy(MT) and other musical interventions on different aspects of neurological disorders, no updated article reviewing outcomes such as mood, emotions, depression, activity of daily living and so on is actually available; for this reason, little is known about the effectiveness of music and MT on these important outcomes in neurological patients. The aim of this article is to provide a narrative review of the current literature on musical interventions and their effects on mood and depression in patients with neurological disorders. Searching on Pub Med and Psyc Info databases, 25 studies corresponding to the inclusion criteria have been selected; 11 of them assess the effects of music or MT in Dementia, 9 explore the efficacy on patients with Stroke, and 5 regard other neurological diseases like Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/motor neuron disease, Chronic quadriplegia, Parkinson's Disease, and Acquired Brain dysfunctions. Selected studies are based on relational and rehabilitative music therapy approaches or concern music listening interventions. Most of the studies support the efficacy of MT and other musical interventions on mood, depressive syndromes, and quality of life on neurological patients.

Intervention effect of encouraging mental and programmed nursing of patients in interventional operating room on their compliance and bad moods

BACKGROUND Patients’lack of correct understanding of cardiovascular disease and interventional therapy is often accompanied by varying degrees of fear,depression and anxiety.Negative emotion will affect the hemodynamic fluctuation of patients undergoing interventional surgery,which is not conducive to the smooth and safe operation of interventional surgery.Therefore,it is very important to implement effective nursing intervention in the operating room.AIM To explore the intervention effect of motivational psychological nursing combined with programmed nursing on compliance and bad mood of patients in interventional operating room.METHODS A total of 98 patients in the interventional operating room of our hospital from October 2019 to March 2021 were randomly divided into study group(n=49)and control group(n=49).The control group took routine nursing.However,the study group took motivational psychological nursing combined with procedural nursing on the basis of the control group.Statistics were made on rehabilitation compliance,Positive and Negative Affect Schedule of bad mood,Simplified Coping Styles Questionnaire score of coping style and satisfaction of intervention between the two groups before and after intervention.RESULTS The rehabilitation compliance of the study group(95.92%)was higher than that of the control group(81.63%)(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of upset,fear,irritability,tension and fear in the study group were respectively,which were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the score of positive coping in the study group was higher than that in the control group.However,the score of negative coping in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The intervention satisfaction of the study group(93.88%)was higher than that of the control group(79.59%)(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The intervention of motivational psychological nursing combined with procedural nursing can improve the rehabilitation compliance,and alleviate the bad mood.In addition,it can change their coping style to the disease,and the patients are more satisfied with the nursing work.

Changes in Autonomic Nervous System Activity and Mood of Healthy People after Mindfulness Art Therapy Short Version

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and mood caused by Mindfulness Art Therapy Short version (MATS). The participants were 20 Japanese college students who were separated into high and low risk groups based on the median score of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). MATS consisted of mindfulness exercise and making of art in one session. ANS activity (TP: total energy, LF/HF: sympathetic nervous, HF: parasympathetic nervous system, LF: both sympathetic and parasympathetic) and mood (TA: tension arousal, EA: energy arousal) were measured psychologically before and after MATS. In the high risk group, TP significantly decreased and LF, HF, and LF/HF did not change significantly;while TA significantly decreased and EA significantly increased. In the low risk group, TP and LF significantly increased and HF and LF/HF did not change significantly;while TA significantly decreased and EA showed a non-significant increase. These results suggest that MATS affects the ANS differently for participants with different states of mental health, and particularly promotes activity in low-risk participants. Psychologically, MATS decreased tension or anxiety and increased energy. These findings justify further use of this therapy.

Mood Spectrum Model:Evidence reconsidered in the light of DSM-5

AIM: to investigate studies conducted with the Mood Spectrum Structured Interviews and Self-Report versions(SCI-MOODS and MOODS-SR).METHODS: We conducted a review of studies published between 1997 and August 2014. The search was performed using Pubmed and Psyc INFO databases. Analysis of the papers followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria recommended by the PRISMA Guidelines, namely:(1) articles that presented a combination of at least two terms, "SCI-MOODS" [all fields] or "MOODS-SR" [all fields] or "mood spectrum" [all fields];(2) manuscript in English;(3) original articles; and(4) prospective or retrospective original studies(analytical or descriptive), experimental or quasi-experimental studies. Exclusion criteria were:(1) other study designs(case reports, case series, and reviews);(2) non-original studies including editorials, book reviews and letters to the editor; and(3) studies not specifically designed and focused on SCI-MOODS or MOODS-SR.RESULTS: The search retrieved 43 papers, including 5 reviews of literature or methodological papers, and 1 case report. After analyzing their titles and abstracts, according to the eligibility criteria, 6 were excluded and 37 were chosen and included. The SCI-MOODS and the MOODS-SR have been tested in published studies involving 52 different samples across 4 countries(Italy, United States, Spain and Japan). The proposed mood spectrum approach has demonstrated its usefulness mainly in 3 different areas:(1) Patients with the socalled "pure" unipolar depression that might manifest hypomanic atypical and/or sub-threshold aspects systematically detectable with the mood questionnaire;(2) Spectrum features not detected by other instruments are clinically relevant, because they might manifest in waves during the lifespan, sometimes together, sometimes alone, sometimes reaching the severity for a full-blown disorder, sometimes interfering withother mental disorders or complicating the course of somatic diseases; and(3) Higher scores on the MOODSSR factors assessing "psychomotor disturbances","mixed instability" and "suicidality" delineate subtypes of patients characterized by the more severe forms of mood disorders, the higher risk for psychotic symptoms,and the lower quality of life after the remission of the full-blown-episode.CONCLUSION: The mood spectrum model help researchers and clinicians in the systematic assessment of those areas of psychopathology that are still neglected by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5classification.

The Effects of a Single Bout of Exercise on Mood and Self-Esteem in Clinically Diagnosed Mental Health Patients

Objectives: Research has highlighted the importance of regular exercise within the general population and mental health groups in regard to mood and self-esteem, as well as single bout exercise within the general population. However, research into single bout exercise in mental health population is lacking. This study investigated the impact of a single bout of exercise, on mood and self-esteem, in patients with a wider clinical mental health diagnosis. Design: A quantitative questionnaire was completed immediately pre and post a single, 45 minute bout of moderate intensity exercise, consisting of the Brunel Universal Mood States (BRUMS) questionnaire and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSE). Methods: Participants attending a mental health hospital with a clinical mental health diagnosis (N = 54) completed the questionnaire. Information regarding physical activity levels, mental health diagnosis and length of hospital stay were collated. Results: A significant improvement was identified on the RSE as well as the BRUMS (depression, anger, confusion, anxious tension and vigour) over time. Conclusion: The significant findings highlight the importance of exercise promotion within this population group, and the potentially beneficial role that a single bout of exercise can have on mood and self-esteem in patients experiencing mental health problems.

Correlation between mood and heart rate variability indices during daily life

We investigated the correlation between mood and heart rate variability (HRV) indices during daily life. The RR-interval and body acceleration of 40 normal male subjects were recorded using ambulatory device for 48 to 72 hours. Every hour that the subjects were awake they registered their current mood on a Visual Analogue Scale questionnaire. The questionnaire scales eight of the subjects’ current moods. Those are happiness, tension, fatigue, worry, depression, anger, vigor, and confusion. The following four HRV indices were calculated. Those are heart rate, root mean square of successive differences of RR-interval sequence, the normalized high-frequency (0.15 - 0.4 Hz) power of RR-in- terval variability, and mean frequency in the high-frequency band of RR-interval variability. The calculated HRV indices data and the mood data were normalized individually, the data with body acceleration exceeding 30 mG were excluded from the analysis to reduce the effect of exercise, and the differences from the first day (?mood and ?HRV-index) were taken to reduce the effect of circadian rhythm. The most three highly correlated combinations were ?vigor and ?HFnu (R = –0.24, p < 0.0001), ?vigor and ?RMSSD (R = –0.24, p < 0.0001), and ?vigor and ?HR (R = 0.22, p < 0.001). Vigor exhibited the most significant correlations with HRV indices of eight moods.

Influences of protein to energy ratios in breakfast on mood, alertness and attention in the healthy undergraduate students

Background: The high protein (HP) breakfast reduced gastric emptying and the most satiat-ing macronutrient appears to be dietary protein. Few studies have investigated the effects of protein to energy ratio in breakfast on mood, alertness and attention. Objective: This study was designed to investigate whether the HP breakfast is more beneficial to mood, alertness and attention of the healthy undergraduate student than adequate-protein (AP) breakfast through the rising body temperature and re-maining stable blood glucose or through other physiologic processes. Methods: Thirteen healthy male undergraduate students (18 - 23 y) were studied in a double-blind, randomized crossover design. Blood samples, body tem-perature, satiety, mood and Continuous Per-formance Test (CPT) were assessed after the consumption of two isocaloric breakfasts that differed in their protein and carbohydrate con-tent: an HP breakfast (50%, 30%, and 20% of energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat, re-spectively) or an AP breakfast (10%, 70%, and 20% of energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat, respectively). Results: Consumption of an HP breakfast resulted in more steady glucose and insulin than AP breakfast consumption (p < 0.05). Satiety scores and body temperature were higher after HP breakfast consumption (p < 0.05). And most important, the positive mood and CPT scores were higher after HP breakfast than after AP breakfast intake (p < 0.05). Conclusion: HP breakfast can effectively stabilize postprandial serum glucose concentration and elevate post-prandial temperature of healthy male under-graduate students. Our present findings dem-onstrate the relationship between HP breakfast and mood, alertness and attention. This study indicated that HP breakfast may enhance human performance probably by increasing the thermic effect of a food and elevating body temperature.