Charactering the spoilage mechanism of"three sticks"of Jinhua ham

To investigate the spoilage characteristics of Jinhua ham,sensory scores,volatile compounds,biogenic amine,physicochemical parameters and microbial counts were evaluated between normal and spoiled hams.The results showed that off-odors of spoiled hams were dominated by rancid,sour,sulfide and ammonia odors derived from these compounds including butanoic acid,methanethiol and dimethyl disulfide.Total content of biogenic amine in spoiled hams was significantly higher(more than 10-fold)compared with normal hams,and putrescine,cadaverine and histamine were the key components of biogenic amine of spoiled hams.Lower salt content,and higher moisture,TVB-N and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)values were observed in spoiled hams compared with normal hams.The populations of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus of spoiled hams were obviously higher than that of normal hams.High moisture and low salt content caused the abnormal growth of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus in spoiled hams,which contributed to the spoilage of Jinhua ham.

Antibacterial Activities of <i>Psidium guajava</i>(Guava) and <i>Velvet tamarin</i>(Icheku) Local Chewing Sticks on <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>Isolated from Human Mouth

Globally dental diseases are mainly caused by Streptococcus mutans, it is one of the leading causative agents of dental caries worldwide, because of its resistance to conventional antibacterial agents, alternative therapies are used to control resistance of oral pathogens. This research was done to determine the antibacterial activities of Psidium guajava (guava) and Velvet tamarin (Icheku) chewing sticks on Streptococcus mutans isolated from the oral cavity. The study was conducted in Owerri Imo State Nigeria during November-December period. Phytochemical analysis of the plant extracts was done using appropriate techniques. The procedure used for antimicrobial susceptibility test was disk diffusion method. Serial dilutions of Psidium guajava (guava) and Velvet tamarind (Icheku) extracts were prepared, Muller-Hinton media was used to put together the extract of serial dilutions of Psidium guajava (guava) and Velvet tamarin (Icheku) and a microbiological procedure were used for visually determining the minimum inhibitory concentration as well as minimum bactericidal concentration. Phytochemical evaluation of the plants’ extracts revealed that it contains saponins, tannins, alkaloid, steriods, glycosides and phenol. The results obtained from the antibacterial susceptibility testing of the extracts against Streptococcus mutans showed that the zones of inhibition recorded ranged from 18 mm to 27 mm. Ethanol (Soxhlet) extract of Icheku twig showed no zone of inhibition on the isolated organism. The ethanol (soxhlet) extract of the individual Psidium guajava (guava) and Velvet tamarin (Icheku) has a better antibacterial effect when compared to their aqueous extracts and combined forms. Psidium guajava (Guava) and Velvet tamarin (Icheku) twigs are made up of composite that is active against S. mutans and can be used in oral hygiene. There is a need for further investigation on the plant extracts as the rural poor make use of it because it is cheap, readily available and the rich also use it once they are in the village mostly in Eastern Nigeria. Similarly chewing sticks has been reported to be practiced by 90 of rural population in Nigeria.

Chemical control of Apriona germari(Hope) larvae with zinc phosphide sticks

Larvae of Apriona germari （Hope）, found widely in China, cause serious damage to trees and are difficult to control. Since some biological control methods have not been applied effectively in the field, chemical control methods are used widely. Because of low cost, no poisonous residues and relatively safe application, zinc phosphide sticks have been tested to control the larvae as a matter of urgency. However, there were no criteria about the dosage and use. Given the characteristics of larvae tunnels on triploid Populus tomentosa trees and the one-on-one way of using poison-fumigated sticks, the larvae were treated by three treatments with zinc phosphide sticks. The treatments are as follows： inserting one stick into the first hole of the tunnel from bottom to top （T1）, inserting a stick into each of the lowest two holes （T2） and inserting one stick into the first and third hole from bottom to top separately （T3）. We cleared the frass around the holes and on the ground before inserting the sticks and blocking every hole with mud for each treatment. After the fourth investigation was carried out, the larvae of CK were still active, and had caused serious damage and emanated fresh fi＇ass from old and new holes. Some larvae treated with T1 and T2 were in an intermediate state, but all of the larvae treated with T3 died completely and their old holes had healed. The results show that inserting zinc phosphide sticks （the extent of dispersion of the sticks was 20%） is a feasible method to control A. germari （Hope） larvae in triploid P. tomentosa of pulpwood trees. Because there were no statistically significant differences （p 〉 0.05） among the three treatments, we recommend that T1 should be used for economic efficacy.

Preliminary Exploration of a Novel Type High-effi-ciency Mosquito-repellent Compound Essential Oils

The essential oils were extracted from flowers and branches of Cestrum genus plant Telosma cordata(Burm. F.) Merr.,and used for purifying the mosquito-repellent refined oils. The yielded extracts were mixed with single nerve-smoothing or nerve-exciting components from lavender and peppermint or mixed with basal oils(like evening primrose),in order to prepare the novel type compound essential oils conferring mosquito-repellent and air-refreshing actions. The resulted compound was prepared into solid air freshener.

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital on Needle Stick Injury

Purpose: Needle-stick injury (NSI) is one of the most potential occupational hazards for healthcare workers because of the transmission of blood-borne pathogens. As per recent data, around 30 lakh healthcare workers sustain Needle stick injuries each year. This study was conducted to assess healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitude and practices regarding needle stick injury. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Tertiary Care Hospital over the period of 3 months. The study population consisted of Intern Doctors, Post Graduate resident Doctors, Staff Nurses, laboratory technicians of Government Medical College and New Civil Hospital, Surat (n = 300). The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire via the means of Google Forms. Questionnaire was made with prior review literature. The data obtained were entered and analysed in Microsoft Excel. Results: The prevalence of NSI in our study was 46%, with a higher prevalence among the PG residents (72%). Overall scores regarding knowledge and attitude were better in PG residents (knowledge score > 7 in 71% and Attitude Score > 7 in 68% of PG Residents). Even though the PG residents scored highest in the knowledge category, the majority of them suffered needle stick injuries as a result of poor practice scores. Among those who had NSI (n = 139/300), 70% of study participants had superficial injuries, only 9% reported the incident, 18% got medical attention within 2 hours of the incident, and 7% followed up to recheck their viral markers status. Most incidents of NSI were due to hypodermic needles while recapping needles. Conclusion: Exposure to needle stick injuries and their underreporting remains a common problem. It is imperative that healthcare workers receive regular training on the proper handling of sharp objects. We can also draw the conclusion that preventing NSIs requires putting knowledge into practice.

Effect of titanium on the sticking of pellets based on hydrogen metallurgy shaft furnace:Behavior analysis and mechanism evolution

Direct reduction based on hydrogen metallurgical gas-based shaft furnace is a promising technology for the efficient and low-carbon smelting of vanadium-titanium magnetite.However,in this process,the sticking of pellets occurs due to the aggregation of metal-lic iron between the contact surfaces of adjacent pellets and has a serious negative effect on the continuous operation.This paper presents a detailed experimental study of the effect of TiO2 on the sticking behavior of pellets during direct reduction under different conditions.Results showed that the sticking index(SI)decreased linearly with the increasing TiO2 addition.This phenomenon can be attributed to the increase in unreduced FeTiO3 during reduction,leading to a decrease in the number and strength of metallic iron interconnections at the sticking interface.When the TiO2 addition amount was raised from 0 to 15wt%at 1100°C,the SI also increased from 0.71%to 59.91%.The connection of the slag phase could be attributed to the sticking at a low reduction temperature,corresponding to the low sticking strength.Moreover,the interconnection of metallic iron became the dominant factor,and the SI increased sharply with the increase in re-duction temperature.TiO2 had a greater effect on SI at a high reduction temperature than at a low reduction temperature.

双摩擦块制动系统不同相对位置分布对stick-slip振动的影响

利用定制试验装置,研究圆形双摩擦块不同相对位置分布对制动系统摩擦学行为和动力学行为的影响,并采用有限元方法分析了摩擦块表面接触应力分布特点,探讨了不同相对位置分布与界面接触行为、摩擦磨损以及stick-slip振动之间的关联。综合试验结果和仿真分析结果表明:双摩擦块制动系统不同相对位置分布显著影响了制动系统界面接触压力分布及摩擦块表面磨损特性,使系统产生不同形式的stick-slip振动。在该试验下,沿摩擦盘径向分布的两个摩擦块表面磨损轻微,接触压力分布相对均匀和具有较小的stick-slip振动幅度。因此,合理设计摩擦块间的排布可以有效抑制盘块摩擦界面stick-slip振动,减轻摩擦块的磨损,减小系统部件振荡,从而提高摩擦系统稳定性。研究结果对汽车和火车(特别是高速列车)制动器的设计有较重要的参考价值。

Effect of Mouth Opening Training Stick Combined with Oral Massage on Mouth Opening Difficulty in Head and Neck Cancer Patients after Treatment

Objective: To study the application effect of mouth-opening training sticks combined with oral massage on patients with mouth-opening difficulty after treatment for head and neck cancer. Methods: Using convenient sampling, 60 patients with mouth-opening difficulty after treatment for head and neck cancer admitted to the Oncology Department from February 2022 to October 2023 were selected for a 2-week exercise and nursing program. The patients were divided into a control group (February 1, 2022 to November 30, 2022) and an observation group (December 1, 2022 to October 31, 2023), with 30 patients in each group. The control group underwent routine mouth-opening functional exercises combined with cork for oral support training, while the observation group underwent routine mouth-opening functional exercises combined with oral massage and mouth-opening training sticks for oral support training. The mouth-opening degree, mouth-opening difficulty level, comfort level, compliance, and quality of life were observed in both groups. Results: Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in mouth-opening degree and mouth-opening difficulty level between the two groups (P > 0.05). After the intervention, the mouth-opening degree, mouth-opening difficulty level, oral comfort level, compliance, and QLICP-HN scores in the observation group were all better than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of mouth-opening training sticks and oral massage with mouth-opening functional exercises can effectively improve the degree of mouth-opening difficulty, enhance oral comfort, increase compliance with mouth-opening exercises, and improve quality of life.

供需中的Hockey-stick现象分析及对策研究

许多公司的产品需求在连续而固定的周期会出现前低后高,即 Hockey-stick 现象,这种现象普遍存在于供应链之中并困扰着许多的企业管理者.不认为其产生的原因是公司对销售人员的周期性考评的传统观点,并以快速消费品行业为背景,通过建立模型,得出了这种现象主要是公司普遍采用的总量折扣(Volume Discounts)价格政策导致的结论,并提出了公司可以通过多产品组合定价等方法缓和这个问题,最后通过一个实例证实了文章的观点.

STUDY ON SLAG DETACHABILITY AND STICK SLAG MECHANISM OF SSFCE

In the paper, the effects of linear expansion coefficient and basic index of melting slag on the detachability of self shielded flux cored electrode (SSFCE) are investigated. An equation is obtained on the principles of ceramics and mineralography which predict the detachability of basic SSFCE. In addition, stick slag mechanism of SSFCE is analyzed.

带基础隔震器结构的Stick-slip运动模型

带基础隔振器结构的Ｓｔｉｃｋ－ｓｌｉｐ运动研究是一个很年轻的课题．有关文献指出：带可滑动基础的结构存在Ｓｔｉｃｋ－ｓｌｉｐ运动的可能，它将导致结构失稳以及由此引起疲劳破坏，因此该类结构的Ｓｔｉｃｋ－ｓｌｉｐ运动研究是有价值的．据此，调查了在地震作用下带滑动基础或基础隔振器结构，并建立其Ｓｔｉｃｋ－ｓｌｉｐ运动的离散动力学模型，指出了系统的复杂的非线性特性．

两自由度随机干摩擦系统的Stick-slip运动

研究具有两个摩擦面的两自由度系统,引入随机摩擦模型,考虑摩擦力的随机特性,建立了系统的随机动力学模型。通过解耦,将系统分为确定性运动和随机运动的叠加。采用事件驱动法确定系统的运动状态,是全局stick状态,还是全局slip状态,或者是一个slip状态而另一个stick状态。在确定的Stick-slip运动状态下,分别求解确定性方程的解和随机方程的均值。实例分析发现,阻尼可以改变摩擦系统的运动模式跃迁的周期特性。噪声摄动改变了Stick-slip运动的运动模式,可以通过噪声摄动控制Stick-slip运动。

Effects of Plant Spacing and Finger Sticking Area Settings for Machine Transplanting on Yield of Double-season Early Rice

The effects of rice transplanters＇ transplanting settings（plant spacing and finger sticking area） on rice yield were investigated in two early-season rice cultivars：hybrid rice cultivar（Zhuliangyou 819） and conventional rice cultivar（Zhongjiazao 17）.The results showed that,different transplanting settings resulted in different numbers of transplanted basic seedlings,and the rice yield was significantly correlated with the number of transplanted basic seedlings.The number of transplanted basic seedlings increased with the decrease of plant spacing and the increase of finger sticking area.The rate of lost hills of machine transplanting decreased with the increase of finger sticking area.The leaf area index and amount of dry matter accumulation were highly correlated with the number of transplanted basic seedlings.The average yield of the rice transplanted with a plant spacing of11.5 cm was higher than that with a plant spacing of 13.8 cm.In the field transplanted with the rice under the plant spacing of 13.8 cm,the rice yield increased with the increase of finger sticking area,and the finger sticking area of 2.23 cm2 showed the highest rice yield of 8 174.16 kg/hm2 of Zhuliangyou 819 and 7 925.54kg/hm2 of Zhongjiaozao17.In the field transplanted with the rice under the plant spacing of 11.5 cm,the rice yield was the highest with the finger sticking area of 1.83 cm2,and then decreased with the large finger sticking area.Under the plant spacing of 11.5 cm,the highest rice yields of Zhuliangyou 819 and Zhongjiaozao17 were 8 492.94 kg/hm2 and 8 000.23 kg/hm2,respectively.Therefore,the preferred machine transplanting settings for double-season early rice are a plant spacing of11.5 cm and a finger sticking area of 1.83 cm2,while the finger sticking area should be increased to 2.23 cm2 for conventional rice cultivars.

Hockey-stick现象与企业物流绩效关联的实例分析

Hockey-stick现象普遍存在于供应链之中并对企业的生产和物流运作极为不利。通过对某国际著名食品公司在大陆某生产厂的深入调研、数据收集和分析,验证了Hockey-stick现象对需求波动以及需求波动对企业物流绩效的影响。

APPLICATION OF 2-D MOIRE INTERFEROMETRYOF STICKING FILM IN HUMAN TIBIA MEASUREMENT

This paper makes use of the method of testing and measuring the human body tibia by using2-D moire interferometry of sticking film. hased on the J'--y direction moire patterns recorded synchronously by 2-D optical path,the elastic constant,strain and displacement of the tibia are measured.Compared with the electric measuring method the error is samll and the sensitivity is high.

STICK策略提升中老年人主动健康运动的干预效果

目的探讨STICK策略在激励中老年人养成和维持主动持续健康运动习惯方面的干预效果。方法运用STICK策略对中老人进行运动干预,并通过调查问卷和量表收集相关资料,采用SPSS 26进行数据分析。结果共纳入86位中老年人,其中女性居多(65.12%),年龄多集中在40~74岁(83.72%)。STICK项目干预后中老年人在运动频率(4.65±0.59 vs.4.21±1.13)、每天运动时长(4.20±0.73 vs.3.43±1.12)、运动态度(208.07±17.99 vs.188.93±25.38)和生活质量(3.15±1.01 vs.2.51±0.75)评分方面均显著高于干预前,而运动强度低于干预前(1.30±0.65 vs.1.49±0.65),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),此外,增进健康是促进中老年人运动的首要因素。结论STICK策略在提升中老年人主动持续健康运动效果方面有所成效。

闭合复位内固定联合joy stick操纵杆技术治疗儿童难复性肱骨髁上骨折效果观察

目的观察闭合复位内固定联合joy stick操纵杆技术治疗儿童难复性肱骨髁上骨折的临床效果。方法选择因“肘关节外伤后肿痛伴活动受限”入院患儿4例,均诊断为GartlandⅢ型肱骨髁上骨折,均采用闭合复位内固定联合joy stick操纵杆技术治疗。结果4例患儿均获得满意复位,无一例转为切开复位,平均手术时间66 min,住院时间均<5 d。出院后规律复查换药,1月后均恢复良好,骨折线对位满意,未出现感染等短期并发症,拔除克氏针。结论Joy stick操纵杆技术不仅可以更加准确地控制肱骨轴的旋转,还能更快地获得复位和维持复位,进针顺利,手术时间短,减少转为切开复位,降低手术难度,且未增加围手术期并发症。

柔性多体系统含摩擦碰撞stick-slip过程动力学仿真

基于高次刚柔耦合理论和Lagrange乘子法,研究了柔性多体含摩擦碰撞stick-slip过程的全局动力学的精确建模与自动切换仿真问题。基于变拓扑思想,根据分离、碰撞、黏滞接触和滑动接触等状态分别构造相应的约束条件和动力学方程。运用冲量/动量法求解碰撞初始条件;引入切向滑动摩擦力势能的概念描述切向滑动接触力;给出接触、分离、黏滞、正向/逆向滑动状态之间的切换准则,实现了系统全局动力学自动切换。通过算例的数值仿真,分析了滑移/黏滞(微滑动)、正/逆向滑动等复杂非光滑现象,验证了该模型和算法的有效性。

Test research on sticking mechanism during hot rolling of SUS 430 ferritic stainless steel

The sticking phenomenon during hot rolling of SUS 430 ferritic stainless steel was investigated by means of a two-disc type high-temperature wear tester. The test results indicate that sticking particles on the surfaces of high chromium steel （HiCr） and high-speed steel （HSS） rolls undergo nucleation, growth, and saturation stages. Grooves on the roll surface generated by grinding provide nucleation sites for sticking particles. The number of sticking particles on the HiCr roll surface is greater than that on the HSS roll surface. The average surface roughnesses （Ra） of HiCr and HSS rolls change from 0.502 and 0.493 μm at the initial stage to 0.837 and 0.530 μm at the saturation stage, respectively. The test further proves that the sticking behavior is strongly dependent on roll materials, and the HSS roll is more benefi- cial to prevent particles sticking compared with the HiCr roll under the same hot-rolling conditions.

基于Stick-slip振动试验的Stribeck摩擦模型参数研究

开展了销-盘接触形式的Stick-slip(粘-滑)振动试验,分析试验结果的Stick-slip振动特性,辨识不同工况下Stick-slip振动中的摩擦参数,以及分析法向力和摩擦盘的转速对Stribeck摩擦模型中参数的影响。结果表明:法向力和转速会影响摩擦系统的Stick-slip振动特性;法向力会影响Stribeck模型中的动摩擦系数和衰减系数,转速则对静摩擦系数和衰减系数影响较大,对动摩擦系数影响较小。