Plants are constantly exposed to microbial pathogens in the environment.One branch of innate plant immunity is mediated by cell-membrane-localized receptors,but less is known about associations between DNA damage and ...Plants are constantly exposed to microbial pathogens in the environment.One branch of innate plant immunity is mediated by cell-membrane-localized receptors,but less is known about associations between DNA damage and plant immune responses.Here,we show that rice(Oryza sativa)mesophyll cells are prone to DNA double-stranded breaks(DSBs)in response to ZJ173,a strain of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo).The DSB signal transducer ataxia telangiectasia mutated(ATM),but not the ATM and Rad3-related branch,confers resistance against Xoo.Mechanistically,the MRE11–ATM module phosphorylates suppressor of gamma response 1(SOG1),which activates several phenylpropanoid pathway genes and prompts downstream phytoalexin biosynthesis during Xoo infection.Intriguingly,overexpression of the topoisomerase gene TOP6A3 causes a switch from the classic non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)pathway to the alternative NHEJ and homologous recombination pathways atXoo-induced DSBs.The enhanced ATM signaling of the alternative NHEJ pathway strengthens the SOG1-regulated phenylpropanoid pathway and thereby boosts Xoo-induced phytoalexin biosynthesis in TOP6A3-OE1 overexpression lines.Overall,the MRE11–ATM–SOG1 pathway serves as a prime example of plant–pathogen interactions that occur via host non-specific recognition.The function of TOP6-facilitated ATM signaling in the defense response makes it a promising target for breeding of rice germplasm that exhibits resistance to bacterial blight disease without a growth penalty.展开更多
目的探究减数分裂重组蛋白11同系物A(MRE11)在不同刺激物诱导下炎症小体激活中的作用和地位。方法利用不同刺激物,如Poly(I∶C)、Poly(d A∶d T)、E.coli g DNA、293T g DNA和CPPD以及生殖疱疹病毒(HSV)等处理单核巨噬细胞THP-1,通过IL-...目的探究减数分裂重组蛋白11同系物A(MRE11)在不同刺激物诱导下炎症小体激活中的作用和地位。方法利用不同刺激物,如Poly(I∶C)、Poly(d A∶d T)、E.coli g DNA、293T g DNA和CPPD以及生殖疱疹病毒(HSV)等处理单核巨噬细胞THP-1,通过IL-1β酶联免疫吸附试剂盒(ELISA)筛选出诱导激活炎症小体的有效刺激物;合成si MRE11干扰小RNA,转染THP-1细胞,免疫印迹检测MRE11干扰下调效率;利用筛选到的阳性刺激物处理MRE11干扰下调的细胞,采用ELISA和免疫印迹方法检测MRE11对细胞分泌炎性因子IL-1β水平和前胱天蛋白酶(pro-caspase)-1切割的影响。结果在MRE11干扰下调的THP-1细胞中,Poly(I∶C)、Poly(d A∶d T)、E.coli g DNA和293T g DNA刺激激活细胞分泌的IL-1β水平以及前胱天蛋白酶-1切割的水平均有不同程度降低。结论MRE11参与由DNA以及RNA刺激激活的炎症小体信号通路。展开更多
基金supported by the Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project (202201010790)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32188102)+2 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2023B1515020053)the Youth Innovation of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Y20230C36)the specific research fund of The Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province (YSPTZX202303).
文摘Plants are constantly exposed to microbial pathogens in the environment.One branch of innate plant immunity is mediated by cell-membrane-localized receptors,but less is known about associations between DNA damage and plant immune responses.Here,we show that rice(Oryza sativa)mesophyll cells are prone to DNA double-stranded breaks(DSBs)in response to ZJ173,a strain of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo).The DSB signal transducer ataxia telangiectasia mutated(ATM),but not the ATM and Rad3-related branch,confers resistance against Xoo.Mechanistically,the MRE11–ATM module phosphorylates suppressor of gamma response 1(SOG1),which activates several phenylpropanoid pathway genes and prompts downstream phytoalexin biosynthesis during Xoo infection.Intriguingly,overexpression of the topoisomerase gene TOP6A3 causes a switch from the classic non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)pathway to the alternative NHEJ and homologous recombination pathways atXoo-induced DSBs.The enhanced ATM signaling of the alternative NHEJ pathway strengthens the SOG1-regulated phenylpropanoid pathway and thereby boosts Xoo-induced phytoalexin biosynthesis in TOP6A3-OE1 overexpression lines.Overall,the MRE11–ATM–SOG1 pathway serves as a prime example of plant–pathogen interactions that occur via host non-specific recognition.The function of TOP6-facilitated ATM signaling in the defense response makes it a promising target for breeding of rice germplasm that exhibits resistance to bacterial blight disease without a growth penalty.
文摘目的探究减数分裂重组蛋白11同系物A(MRE11)在不同刺激物诱导下炎症小体激活中的作用和地位。方法利用不同刺激物,如Poly(I∶C)、Poly(d A∶d T)、E.coli g DNA、293T g DNA和CPPD以及生殖疱疹病毒(HSV)等处理单核巨噬细胞THP-1,通过IL-1β酶联免疫吸附试剂盒(ELISA)筛选出诱导激活炎症小体的有效刺激物;合成si MRE11干扰小RNA,转染THP-1细胞,免疫印迹检测MRE11干扰下调效率;利用筛选到的阳性刺激物处理MRE11干扰下调的细胞,采用ELISA和免疫印迹方法检测MRE11对细胞分泌炎性因子IL-1β水平和前胱天蛋白酶(pro-caspase)-1切割的影响。结果在MRE11干扰下调的THP-1细胞中,Poly(I∶C)、Poly(d A∶d T)、E.coli g DNA和293T g DNA刺激激活细胞分泌的IL-1β水平以及前胱天蛋白酶-1切割的水平均有不同程度降低。结论MRE11参与由DNA以及RNA刺激激活的炎症小体信号通路。
