Unveiling the secrets of gastrointestinal mucous adenocarcinoma survival after surgery with artificial intelligence:A population-based study

BACKGROUND Research on gastrointestinal mucosal adenocarcinoma(GMA)is limited and controversial,and there is no reference tool for predicting postoperative survival.AIM To investigate the prognosis of GMA and develop predictive model.METHODS From the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database,we collected clinical information on patients with GMA.After random sampling,the patients were divided into the discovery(70%of the total,for model training),validation(20%,for model evaluation),and completely blind test cohorts(10%,for further model evaluation).The main assessment metric was the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC).All collected clinical features were used for Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to determine factors influencing GMA’s prognosis.RESULTS This model had an AUC of 0.7433[95% confidence intervals(95%CI):0.7424-0.7442]in the discovery cohort,0.7244(GMA:0.7234-0.7254)in the validation cohort,and 0.7388(95%CI:0.7378-0.7398)in the test cohort.We packaged it into Windows software for doctors’use and uploaded it.Mucinous gastric adenocarcinoma had the worst prognosis,and these were protective factors of GMA:Regional nodes examined[hazard ratio(HR):0.98,95%CI:0.97-0.98,P<0.001]and chemotherapy(HR:0.62,95%CI:0.58-0.66,P<0.001).CONCLUSION The deep learning-based tool developed can accurately predict the overall survival of patients with GMA postoperatively.Combining surgery,chemotherapy,and adequate lymph node dissection during surgery can improve patient outcomes.

Extremely rare case of primary esophageal mucous associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

SJ is a 37-year-old male who presented with one year history of dysphagia, odynophagia and 15 pounds weight loss. He underwent endoscopic evaluation which showed mid esophageal ulcers. It was thought that the cause of the ulcer was the multivitamins and the patient was asked to stop them. Furthermore Esomeprazole therapy was also initiated. Patient's symptoms persisted but he did not seek any medical attention until about one year later. Meanwhile the patient reported additional 15 pounds of weight loss. We repeated upper endoscopy again which showed evidence of two chronic non bleeding irregular friable ulcerations seen in the mid esophagus, 31 cm from the incisors. Biopsies and frozen section were taken and sent for assessment to the Pathology lab. Immunoperoxidase studies on frozen sections showed the presence of IgM and for most plasma cells IgG. The microscopic and histologic findings were consistent with mucous associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with plasmocytic differentiation. Computed tomographic scan done showed no evidence of spread to adjacent structures. The patient was referred to oncology and several cycles of radiation and Rituximab therapy were initiated which cured the disease. Subsequent endoscopies with blind biopsies were done which were negative for any neoplastic process.

A Laminar Flow Model for Mucous Gel Transport in a Cough Machine Simulating Trachea: Effect of Surfactant as a Sol Phase Layer

In this paper, a planar three layer quasisteady laminar flow model is proposed in a cough machine which simulates mucous gel transport in model trachea due to mild forced expiration. The flow is governed by the time dependent pressure gradient generated in trachea due to mild forced expiration. Mucous gel is represented by a viscoelastic Voigt element whereas sol phase fluid and air are considered as Newtonian fluids. For fixed airflow rate, it is shown that when the viscosity of mucous gel is small, mucous gel transport decreases as the elastic modulus increases. However, elastic modulus has negligible effect on large gel viscosity. It is also shown that for fixed airflow rate and fixed airway dimension, mucous gel transport increases with the thickness of sol phase fluid and this increase is further enhanced as the viscosity of sol phase fluid decreases. The effect of surfactant is studied by considering sol phase as surfactant layer which causes slip at the wall and interface of sol phase and mucous gel. It is found that in the presence of surfactant mucous gel transport is enhanced.

Helicobacter Increase Instability Genome in Mucous Cells of Antrum of Stomach Mucous in People, Who Lives in Radiation Contaminated Areas

The research of degree of incidence of genomic changes (of micronuclei) in mucous cells of gastric superficial-foveolar epithelium in contaminated and not contaminated mucous of stomach was made. Histopathological research of micronuclei and helicobacter was made in gastric biopsy specimen of patients with diagnosis-chronical gastritis (ICD-10K29.3) in group of patients who lived in radiation contaminated areas and in groups of people, who had no factors of radiation influence in anamnesis. People, who lived in the radiation contaminated areas, whose mucous was infected by Helicobacter pylori, had the highest frequency of mucous cells with micronuclei. In the group of patients from radiation contaminated areas with HP-associated gastritis frequency of appearance of mucous cells with micronucleus in the mucous of stomach have five time more, than patients, whose mucous of stomach was not infected (p Helicobacter pylori can success in mutagenic effect of radiation factor.

Dental Stimulation to the Buccal Mucous Membrane Causes Lumbago: A Report of Two Cases

This study aims to demonstrate that harmful stimulation of the buccal mucosa because of a rough tooth surface may cause lumbago. This report illustrates two cases of women in their 30s and 40s who are suffering from lumbago due to unknown causes. The patients are cured by a simple dental procedure in which the buccal surface of a molar is smoothened, thereby inhibiting the negative stimulation of the buccal mucosa. Soon after this treatment, the symptoms of lumbago have subsided. The reason for the effectiveness of this treatment remains unclear. However, the balance dysregulation observed in the patient may have been due to stimulation of the oral mucous membrane by the rough surface of the tooth. It is important for dentists to pay attention to the effects of tooth formation, dental restorations, and dental prosthetics on the entire body. A dental condition may have an effect on diseases affecting other parts of the body;thus a dental treatment may be considered as an option for the management of other systemic disorders. It appears that cooperation between the fields of dentistry and medicine is of utmost importance.

Observations on the Function of Mucous Cells in the Epidermis of the Cat-fish Clarias batrachus Exposed to Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

Response of mucous cells, in the epidermis of the catfish Clarias batrachus, to a sublethal concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate was studied and correlated with the alteration in the status of their secretory activity after different durations of the treatment. At 4h, 8h, 24h,48h and 72h of the detergent treatment, most mucous cells attained voluminous dimensions and appeared closely approximating to or even overlapping the adjacent ones. At 12h, 36h, and 60h, in contrast, the mucous cells appeared small and slender, and seemed to be located at greater intervals. These changes in dimensions were responsible for the apparent increase or decrease in the density of mucous cells after different durations of detergent treatment. Statistically, however, no significant change was observed in the total number of the mucous cells throughout the experiment.The mucous cells appeared enlarged towards the end of the experiment signifying increased mucus production. This is considered as an adaptation, for protection, assisting the fish to adjust to the changed environment.A shift in the histochemical nature of the secretory contents at the middle and basal parts of the mucous cells, from a mixture of neutral and acid glycoproteins to neutral glycoproteins, during the early stages of the treatment suggests that acid moities could not simultaneously be synthesized as an immediate response to enhanced mucous secretion. The apical parts of the mucous cells, however, showed no histochemical change throughout the experiment.

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia with mucous plugs:case report

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia （CEP）, a rare eosinophilic lung disease of unknown etiology,is characterized by peripheral blood eosinophilia, chest radiograph infiltrates, and prompt response to corticosteroid therapy. The first detailed description of CEP was described by Carrington et al in 1969. The usual symptoms are cough, dyspnea, fever, and weight loss. It is most often seen in middle aged woman and has a subacute onset. We report a case of CEP presenting with right lower lung infiltrates and mucus plugging that causing bronchus obstruction.

Mucous gland cyst in uncinate process

To the Editor: Mucous gland cyst in nasal sinus is common, but large mucous gland cyst in uncinate process has not been reported home and abroad. We report a rare case of mucous gland cyst in uncinate process, to improve the awareness of mucous gland cyst in uncinate process.

先天性颈正中裂1例

1临床资料 患者,男性,3岁,出生后家长即发现其颈前正中有一隆起肿块,邻近皮肤潮红,面积大小约为1 cm×3 cm,随患儿年龄增长而逐渐增大,表面不断出现蜕皮。曾外用药物治疗（具体不详）,效果欠佳,遂于2011年4月来我院就诊。

Analysis on Pathogenesis of 50 Cases of Bladder Proliferative Lesions

In order to study the pathogenesis, clinical and pathological characteristics of proliferative lesions of the bladder, 50 cases of proliferative lesions of the bladder from 150 patients with complaints of frequency, urgency, hematuria and dysuria were subjected to cystoscopic biopsy of the suspicious foci in the bladder In combination with the symptoms, urine routine and urodynamics, the relationship of proliferative lesions of the bladder to the inflammation and obstruction of the lower urinary tract was analyzed Of the 50 cases of proliferative bladder lesions, 44 cases (88%) had lower urinary tract infection and 29 (58%) lower urinary tract obstruction The patients with lower urinary tract obstruction were all complicated with infection Three cases were associated with transitional cell carcinoma Malignant cells were detected in 1 case by urinary cytologic examination Proliferative lesions of the bladder, especially those without other obvious mucosa changes under cystoscopy, are common histological variants of urothelium in the patients with chronic inflammation and obstruction of the lower urinary tract Chronic inflammation and obstruction of the lower urinary tract might be the causes for proliferative lesions of the bladder It is suggested that different treatments should be applied according to the scope and histological type of the proliferative lesions

Mucin phenotype of gastric cancer and clinicopathology of gastric-type differentiated adenocarcinoma

Differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach is classified into gastric or intestinal phenotypes based on mucus expression. Recent advances in mucin histochemistry and immunohistochemistry have highlighted the importance of such a distinction, and it is important clinically to distinguish between gastricand intestinal-type differentiated adenocarcinoma. However, a clinical and pathological diagnosis of this type is often difficult in early gastric cancer because of histological similarities between a hyperplastic epithelium and lowgrade atypia. Furthermore, determining tumor margins is often difficult, even with extensive preoperative examination. It is therefore critical to consider these diagnostic difficulties and different biological behaviors with high malignant potential when treating patients with gastric-type differentiated adenocarcinoma.

Esophagitis dissecans superficialis and autoimmune bullous dermatoses: A review

Esophagitis dissecans superficialis(EDS)is a rare and severe endoscopic finding characterized by sloughing of large fragments of esophageal mucosal lining.Although EDS has been reported in association with serious illnesses and certain medications,the pathophysiological association of autoimmune bullous dermatoses with EDS has gained remarkable attention.Among these dermatoses,pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigoid frequently present with various types of esophageal involvement including EDS.We review the pathophysiology and clinical features of this involvement with the presentation of our experiences.The importance of endoscopic evaluation of this entity is discussed.

Protective Effect of Wheat Peptides Against Small Intestinal Damage Induced by Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Rats

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs（NSAIDs） were able to produce tissue damage and oxidative stress in animal models of small intestinal damage. In this study, the putative protective effect of wheat peptides was evaluated in a NSAID-induced small intestinal damage model in rats, different doses of wheat peptides or distilled water were administered daily by intragastric administration for 30 d until small intestinal damage was caused. Before sacrificing, NSAIDs（aspirin and indomethacin） or physiological saline were infused into the digestive tract twice. Wheat peptides administration reduced edema and small intestinal damage, and significantly decreased the level of tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α in mucous membrane of small intestine. Oxidative stress was significantly increased after NSAID infusion and was reduced by wheat peptides. Wheat peptides increased glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px） activity in mucous membrane of small intestine. μ-Opioid receptor mRNA expression decreased more significantly in wheat peptides treated rats than in the model control group. Overall, the results suggest that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induced small intestinal damage in rats and wheat peptides administration may be an effective tool for protecting small intestinal tissue against NSAID-induced small intestinal damage and oxidative stress.

Pseudopemphigoid as caused by topical drugs and pemphigus disease

Pseudopemphigoid can cause a chronic cicatricial conjunctivitis that is clinically identical to the manifestations seen in mucous membrane pemphigoid, a disorder with a common clinical phenotype and multiple autoimmune links. For the purpose of this review, we will describe pseudopemphigoid as caused by topical drugs, the most common etiology with ocular manifestations, and as caused by the pemphigus disease, a more rare etiology. Specifically, we will discuss the ophthalmological features of drug-induced cicatricial conjunctivitis, pemphigus vulgaris, and paraneoplastic pemphigus. Other etiologies of pseudopemphigoid exist that will not be described in this review including autoimmune or inflammatory conditions such as lichen planus, sarcoidosis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis(Wegener's granulomatosis), erythema multiforme(minor, major, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome), bullous pemphigoid, skin-dominated linear IgA bullous dermatosis, and skin-dominated epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Prompt diagnosis of the underlying etiology in pseudopemphigoid is paramount to the patient's outcome as certain diseases are associated with a more severe clinical course, increased ocular involvement, and differential response to treatment. A completehistory and ocular examination may find early cicatricial changes in the conjunctiva that are important to note and evaluate to avoid progression to more severe disease manifestations. When such cicatricial changes are noted, proper diagnostic techniques are needed to help elucidate a diagnosis. Lastly, collaboration between ophthalmologists and subspecialists such as dermatologists, pathologists, immunologists, and others involved in the care of the patient is needed to ensure optimal management of disease.

Role of intestinal bifidobacteria in the pathogenesis of gut-derived bacteria/endotoxin translocation and the effect of bifidobacterial supplement on gut barrier function following burns

Objective:Early multiple organ dysfunction syndrome appears to be facilitated with bacterial transloca-tion in severely burn injury,yet the mechanisms of bacterial translocation remains in dispute.The aim of this studywas to investigate the potential role of intestinal bifidobacteria in the pathogenesis of gut-derived bacteria/endotoxintranslocation following burns and the effects of bifidohacterial supplement on gut barrier.Methods:Wistar rats wererandomly divided into burn group(Burn,n=60),sham burn g...

头颈部黏膜黑色素瘤的诊治进展

头颈部黏膜黑色素瘤发病率低,占全身黑素瘤的0.8％～1.3％,但其恶性度高,容易发生淋巴结转移和远处转移,预后极差.本文分析了近年来有关头颈部黏膜黑色素瘤的相关文献,对其诊断与治疗相关进展进行综述.

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎黏膜免疫失调研究进展

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎是鼻窦和鼻腔黏膜的慢性炎症性疾病,其病因学非常复杂,发病机制尚不完全清楚,与多种因素有关.近年来,关于慢性鼻-鼻窦炎黏膜免疫方面的众多研究提示鼻部黏膜免疫失调可能在其发病机制中发挥重要作用.本文主要从黏膜免疫屏障破坏、上皮细胞免疫缺陷以及免疫细胞应答异常方面来归纳总结慢性鼻-鼻窦炎黏膜免疫失调的研究进展,希望对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的研究及临床诊治提供一定参考.

Physicochemical Properties and Gastric Mucosa Irritation of Cantharidin-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex

Objective To increase the solubility and relieve the mucous irritation of cantharidin (CA) by preparing cantharidin-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (CA/HP-β-CD) inclusion complex. Methods The inclusion complex was prepared by co-evaporation method and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Results The disappearance of CA as well as the shift of exothermic peaks shown in DSC results indicated the complexation phenomenon. XRD results showed that the crystalline CA pattern had disappeared, and in NMR results, H-5 shifted from δ 3.731 to 3.695 after complexation and H-2 shifted from δ 3.626 to 3.598, which suggested that part of the drug had entered the HP-β-CD cavity to form an inclusion complex. The solubility increased 10.3 times after complexation and the mucous irritation of CA was relieved remarkably. Conclusion Through complexation with HP-β-CD, the solubility and dissolution rate of CA are improved significantly, and the irritation of musous is relieved.

Detection of nanobacteria in serum, bile and gallbladder mucosa of patients with cholecystolithiasis

In 1990, nanobacterium was found and named by Kajander.~1 With distinct mineralizing ability, nanobacteria are thought to play a role in extraskeletal calcifying diseases. It have been found in many human tissues, but whether they exist in the bile or gallbladder mucosa remains unclear. The present study was undertaken to investigate by ELISA, bacterial culturing, immunohistochemical staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), whether nanobacteria exist in serum, bile or gallbladder mucosa of healthy people and patients with cholecystolithiasis.

河豚鱼Arothron immaculatus组织提取物的抗临床病原体活性(英文)

AIM:An antimicrobial validatory screening of puffer fish is done in such a way Arothron immaculatus a puffer fish skin and liver extracts were subjected for antimicrobial assay.METHODS:Antimicrobial screening assay was done in ten consecutive human pathogenic bacterial and fungal pathogens using the standard disc diffusion method.RESULTS:The results confirmed a positive test against most of the pathogens used.Maximum antimicrobial effect against Staphyloccocus aureus of 2.5 mm in liver extract and 9.8 mm of antibacterial effect against Vibrio cholera in skin extract is reported.There is no antifungal effect.CONCLUSION:This experiment confirms that puffer fish is a source of antimicrobial potence.