Analysis of high-frequency local coupling instability induced by multi- transmitting formula - P-SV wave simulation in a 2D waveguide

Local coupling instability will occur when the numerical scheme of absorbing boundary condition and that of the field wave equation allow energies to spontaneously enter into the computational domain. That is, the two schemes support common wave solutions with group velocity pointed into the computation domain. The key to eliminate local coupling instability is to avoid such wave solutions. For lumped-mass finite element simulation of P-SV wave motion in a 2D waveguide, an approach for stable implementation of high order multi-transmitting formula is provided. With a uniform rectangular mesh, it is proven and validated that high-freqaency local coupling instability can be eliminated by setting the ratio of the element size equal to or greater than x/2 times the ratio of the P wave velocity to the S wave velocity. These results can be valuable for dealing instability problems induced by other absorbing boundary conditions.

Comparison of perfectly matched layer and multi-transmitting formula artificial boundary condition based on hybrid finite element formulation

The theory of perfectly matched layer （PML） artificial boundary condition （ABC）, which is characterized by absorption any wave motions with arbitrary frequency and arbitrarily incident angle, is introduced. The construction process of PML boundary based on elastodynamic partial differential equation （PDE） system is developed. Combining with velocity-stress hybrid finite element formulation, the applicability of PML boundary is investigated and the numerical reflection of PML boundary is estimated. The reflectivity of PML and multi-transmitting formula （MTF） boundary is then compared based on body wave and surface wave simulations. The results show that although PML boundary yields some reflection, its absorption performance is superior to MTF boundary in the numerical simulations of near-fault wave propagation, especially in comer and large angle grazing incidence situations. The PML boundary does not arise any unstable phenomenon and the stability of PML boundary is better than MTF boundary in hybrid finite element method. For a specified problem and analysis tolerance, the computational efficiency of PML boundary is only a little lower than MTF boundary.

The Liner Formulas between the Supporting Force and Axis Warp of Large-scale Rotary Kiln with Multi-support

Kilns are the key equipment in the metallurgy,architectural and chemistry industry. It is the statically indeterminate system with over load, large torque and multi-support. The kiln move axis warp resulting in that the load distribution is asymmetry, cause many mechanical failure and safe accidents and the interruption of the produce, which bring a great losses. Treating the distribution of the kiln load and the complexity of the stiffness change, the all-purpose model and matrix, used to solve the variable-stiffness beam upon complex load, are established in this paper. The resultant force of kiln in vertical and horizontal direction is calculated. Accordingly, the liner formulas for calculating the supporting force of the support wheels are obtained, and the wheel supporting force also can be easily obtained based on each shell warp. This will provide theory conference for safety management and rational maintenance.

Multi-features Based Approach for Moving Shadow Detection

In the video-based surveillance application, moving shadows can affect the correct localization and detection of moving objects. This paper aims to present a method for shadow detection and suppression used for moving visual object detection. The major novelty of the shadow suppression is the integration of several features including photometric invariant color feature, motion edge feature, and spatial feature etc. By modifying process for false shadow detected, the averaging detection rate of moving object reaches above 90% in the test of Hall-Monitor sequence.

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST’s special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m–4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5°). It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror’s surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67m×6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74m×4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub-mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large-scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross-identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects.

A Comparative Study of Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Multi -site Cardiac Pacing in patients with cardiac function NYHA class ⅠtoⅡ without bundle branch block

Objective To compare the acute hemodynamic effects of five different pacing modes in patients with cardiac function NYHA class Ⅰ to Ⅱ without bundle branch block (BBB). Methods This study included 12 patients (SSS 7, Ⅲ°AVB 5) undergoing pacemaker implantation. Right ventricular apex (RVA), right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), right ventricular bifocal (RV-Bi), left ventricular base (LVB) and bi -ventricular (Bi-Ⅴ) pacing at 60 -80 ppm were done in VVI mode prior to implantation of DDD pacemaker. The cardiac index (CI), mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were measured with Swan - Ganz thermodilution catheter after 5 minutes of each pacing mode. Results (1) Comparing to pacing at RVA (CI: 2. 41± 0. 38 L/min per m2, PCWP: 16. 7 ±3.3 mmHg), the CI increased and the PCWP decreased significantly in pacing at RVOT(CI: 2. 63 ± 0.46, PCWP: 13. 8±2. 3), LVB(CI: 2. 78±0.52, PCWP: 14. 4±3.1), RV-Bi(CI: 2. 83±0.57, PCWP: 12. 8± 2. 5) and Bi -Ⅴ pacing (CI: 2. 94± 0.60, PCWP: 12. 7±2. 5), P < 0. 01, respectively. (2) The CI of RV-Bi and Bi-Ⅴ pacing was higher than that of RVOT and LVB pacing, the PCWP was lower, P < 0. 05, respectively. (3) There was no significant difference between RV - Bi pacing and Bi-Ⅴ pacing in CI and PCWP. Conclusion There is no significant difference between RV - Bi pacing and Bi -V pacing in the acute hemodynamic effects; however,dual - site pacing is much better than single site pacing in that aspect for patients with cardiac function NYHA class Ⅰ to Ⅱ without BBB. Among single site pacing, the RVOT and LVB pacing is better than RVA pacing in cardiac function.

Microwave absorption properties regulation and bandwidth formula of oriented Y_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3-δ)@SiO_(2)/PU composite synthesized by reduction-diffusion method

As concepts closely related to microwave absorption properties,impedance matching and phase matching were rarely combined with material parameters to regulate properties and explore related mechanisms.In this work,reduction–diffusion method was innovatively applied to synthesize rare earth alloy Y_(2)Fe_(17).In order to regulate the electromagnetic parameters of absorbers,the Y_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3-δ)particles were coated with silica(Y_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3-δ)@SiO_(2))and absorbers with different volume fractions were prepared.The relationship between impedance matching,matching thickness,and the strongest reflection loss peak(RLmin)was presented obviously.Compared to the microwave absorption properties of Y_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3-δ)/PU absorber,Y_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3-δ)@SiO_(2)/PU absorbers are more conducive to the realization of microwave absorption material standards which are thin thickness,light weight,strong absorbing intensity,and broad bandwidth.Based on microwave frequency bands,the microwave absorption properties of the absorbers were analyzed and the related parameters were listed.As an important parameter related to perfect matching,reflection factor(√ε_(r)/μ_(r))was discussed combined with microwave amplitude attenuation.According to the origin and mathematical model of bandwidth,the formula of EAB(RL<-10 dB)was derived and simplified.The calculated bandwidths agreed well with experimental results.

Multi-symplectic variational integrators for nonlinear Schrdinger equations with variable coefficients

In this paper, we propose a variational integrator for nonlinear Schrodinger equations with variable coefficients. It is shown that our variational integrator is naturally multi-symplectic. The discrete multi-symplectic structure of the integrator is presented by a multi-symplectic form formula that can be derived from the discrete Lagrangian boundary function. As two examples of nonlinear Schrodinger equations with variable coefficients, cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equations and Gross-Pitaevskii equations are extensively studied by the proposed integrator. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that the integrator is capable of preserving the mass, momentum, and energy conservation during time evolutions. Convergence tests are presented to verify that our integrator has second-order accuracy both in time and space.

Useful zero friction simulations for assessing MBS codes Pascal’s formula giving wheelsets frequency for zero wheel-rail friction

Present study provides a simple analytical formula,the“Klingel-like formula”or“Pascal’s Formula”that can be used as a reference to test some results of existing railway codes and specifically those using rigid contact.It develops properly the 3D Newton-Euler equations governing the 6 degrees of freedom(DoF)of unsuspended loaded wheelsets in case of zero wheel-rail friction and constant conicity.Thus,by solving numerically these equations,we got pendulum like harmonic oscillations of which the calculated angular frequency is used for assessing the accuracy of the proposed formula so that it can in turn be used as a fast practical target for testing multi-body system(MBS)railway codes.Due to the harmonic property of these pendulum-like oscillations,the squareω2 of their angular frequency can be made in the form of a ratio K/M where K depends on the wheelset geometry and load and M on its inertia.Information on K and M are useful to understand wheelsets behavior.The analytical formula is derived from the first order writing of full trigonometric Newton-Euler equations by setting zero elastic wheel-rail penetration and by assuming small displacements.Full trigonometric equations are numerically solved to assess that the formula providesω2 inside a 1%accuracy for usual wheelsets dimensions.By decreasing the conicity down to 1×10^(−4) rad,the relative formula accuracy is under 3×10^(−5).In order to test the formula reliability for rigid contact formulations,the stiffness of elastic contacts can be increased up to practical rigidity(Hertz stiffness×1000).

Research on A Master - slave Multi - microcomputers Control System for Hollow Spindle Fancy Yarn Spinning Machine

In this paper, a successfully studied and developed master - slave muld - microcomputers control system based on PC - BUS for hollow spindle fancy yarn spinning machine, mainly Its overall scheme, software and hardware construction, is introduced. Spinning experiments show that the system achieves satisfactory result. This system can solve the diftkultles of mechatronical fusion between domestic hollow splndk fancy yarn spuming muchine and its microcomputer control technology.

On the Representation of Multi-layer Woven Structure

A quantitative method is developed to identify the structures of multi-layer woven fabric in this study. Six structural parameters are selected to represent the fabric structure. With some design criteria for the reinforcement of textile composites, the relationships among the structural parameters are derived for different binding patterns of the fabric structure. The conditions, which meet the requirements of structural cell stability,are also discussed.

Computer-aided Pattern Design of Multi-bar Warp Knitted Fabrics

To meet the development trend of multi-bar warp knit-ting machine towards high-speed,advanced technologyand computer control and the requirements of variousproducts with small quantity,there are many researcheson the computer-aided pattern design of multi-barwarp knitted fabrics.In terms of the special propertiesof the computer-aided pattern design of multi-barwarp knitted fabrics,the Object Oriented Program(OOP)programming-Object Windows class Library(OWL)programming is selected.According to thecharacters of the OWL programming,various functionsare defined.Pattern design and technical parameters canbe output,which offers a great convenience for the fac-tory.

MODS： A Novel Metaheuristic of Deterministic Swapping for the Multi-Objective Optimization of Combinatorials Problems

This paper states a new metaheuristic based on Deterministic Finite Automata （DFA） for the multi - objective optimization of combinatorial problems. First, a new DFA named Multi - Objective Deterministic Finite Automata （MDFA） is defined. MDFA allows the representation of the feasible solutions space of combinatorial problems. Second, it is defined and implemented a metaheuritic based on MDFA theory. It is named Metaheuristic of Deterministic Swapping （MODS）. MODS is a local search strategy that works using a MDFA. Due to this, MODS never take into account unfeasible solutions. Hence, it is not necessary to verify the problem constraints for a new solution found. Lastly, MODS is tested using well know instances of the Bi-Objective Traveling Salesman Problem （TSP） from TSPLIB. Its results were compared with eight Ant Colony inspired algorithms and two Genetic algorithms taken from the specialized literature. The comparison was made using metrics such as Spacing, Generational Distance, Inverse Generational Distance and No-Dominated Generation Vectors. In every case, the MODS results on the metrics were always better and in some of those cases, the superiority was 100%.

D-S证据理论的不足及其数学修正

针对D-S证据理论对高冲突证据融合得到有悖常理的无效结果问题,研究了国内外典型文献提出的各种改进方法,从原理上对其进行了组合规则的修正和证据源的修正两大分类,并对各种方法的不足进行了数理分析和总结.在此基础上引入证据信息容量和证据间距离函数来对各传感器提供的证据信息进行预处理,再对得到的新的证据信息用证据可信度作为权重进行加权融合.数值仿真实验表明:这种新的修正模型不但比较好地结合了两类改进方法的优点,在形式上和Dempster组合规则保持一致,而且能较好地处理冲突证据在信息交叉时的融合,取得了更加合理的效果,并且为D-S证据理论的完善提供了一个新的探索途径.

基于B-S公式的欧式股本权证多因素定价模型

综合分析了保底条款、股本摊薄、交易费用和除权除息四个重要因素对股本权证价值的影响.在B-S公式框架下,采用递进方式建立了具有这四个因素影响的欧式股本权证定价模型,实证分析表明该模型较B-S模型更好地反映了股本权证的特性.

H13钢RE-N-C-S-V-Nb多元共渗成分优化

用RE-N-C-S-V-Nb盐浴多元共渗的方法对H13钢表面进行改性处理,形成了含有钒铌碳氮化物的高性能复合层。以多元共渗渗层厚度和显微硬度作为正交试验的参考指标,对多元共渗配方成分进行优化。根据正交试验中各因素水平对指标的影响结果得到最优的成分为:硼砂盐浴中,稀土质量分数5%,V2O5质量分数6%,Nb2O5质量分数6%;盐浴回火中,稀土质量分数1%,CNO-质量分数34%。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对多元共渗层的组成和显微结构进行了分析和研究,结果表明:共渗后试样表面形成了NbN、VN、NbC、V8C7等高性能物相和组织,渗层厚度达100～120μm且组织致密并呈弥散性分布。与常规氮化处理的试样比较,高温氧化增重速率缓慢仅为氮化处理的1/4,微裂纹出现在热疲劳循环2 000次以上。

HPLC-QAMS法同时测定白芍配方颗粒中7种活性成分的含量

目的:建立同时测定白芍配方颗粒中7种活性成分含量的高效液相色谱-一测多评法(HPLC-QAMS)。方法:采用HPLC法,以芍药苷为内参,分别计算其与没食子酸、没食子酸甲酯、儿茶素、芍药内酯苷、五没食子酰葡萄糖和苯甲酰芍药苷的相对校正因子(RCF),通过RCF计算白芍配方颗粒中上述6种成分的含量(计算值),同时采用外标法测定7种成分的含量(实测值),比较计算值与实测值的差异。色谱柱为Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C18柱,流动相为乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液(梯度洗脱),流速为1.0 ml·min^-1,检测波长为230 nm(芍药苷、儿茶素、芍药内酯苷和苯甲酰芍药苷)、270 nm(没食子酸、没食子酸甲酯和五没食子酰葡萄糖),柱温为30℃,进样量为10μl。结果:芍药苷、没食子酸、没食子酸甲酯、儿茶素、芍药内酯苷、五没食子酰葡萄糖和苯甲酰芍药苷检测质量浓度的线性范围分别为40.01~720.20,12.03~216.50,0.17~3.06,0.66~16.59,26.43~475.70,4.02~72.41,1.99~35.82μg·ml^-1(r为0.9993~0.9998);平均加样回收率分别为98.5%,98.4%,98.4%,98.6%,98.4%,98.4%,98.5%(RSD为0.06%~0.21%,n=9)。芍药苷、没食子酸、没食子酸甲酯、儿茶素、芍药内酯苷、五没食子酰葡萄糖和苯甲酰芍药苷的RCF分别为1.000,1.589,1.950,1.316,0.609,0.833,0.835,其计算值和实测值之间差异无统计学意义。结论:该方法简单、有效、结果准确、节约成本,可用于白芍配方颗粒中上述7种活性成分的同时测定。

复化Newtonian-Cote's公式及其误差

本文在一维Newtonian-Cote's数值积分公式的基础上给出了复化的二重积分与三重积分的Nowtonian-Cote's数值积分公式及其截断误差。

一类特殊的Adams-Moulton公式

Adams-Moulton公式是一类k+1阶线性k步法隐式公式,应用十分广泛,但它的绝对稳定区域是有界的,一般不适合用于刚性方程求解.通过改进k步k+1阶Adams-Moulton公式得到了一类更稳定的k阶线性k步法隐式公式:对其中的2步3阶Adams-Moulton公式,改进后可以得到A(α)稳定性;对3步4阶Adams-Moulton公式,改进后可以得到A0稳定性;对4,5步的Adams-Moulton公式,改进后能使有界的绝对稳定区域增大.用数值实验证明了这类公式对解决刚性方程问题的有效性.

一维抛物型方程的四阶紧致差分-MG算法

文章提出了数值求解一维抛物型方程的四阶紧致差分-MG算法,用Forier方法证明该格式是无条件稳定的.并且利用了多重网格方法,采用数值试验验证了方法的精确性与可靠性。