基于Multi-Agent的无人机集群体系自主作战系统设计

针对无人集群自主作战体系设计中的关键问题,提出基于Multi-Agent的无人集群自主作战系统设计方法。建立无人集群各节点的Agent模型及其推演规则;对于仿真系统模块化和通用化的需求,设计系统互操作式接口和无人集群自主作战的交互关系;开展无人集群系统仿真推演验证。仿真结果表明,所提设计方案不仅能够有效开展并完成自主作战网络生成-集群演化-效能评估的全过程动态演示验证,而且能够通过重复随机试验进一步评估无人集群的协同作战效能,最后总结了集群协同作战的策略和经验。

MULTI-AGENT COLLABORATIVE DESIGN SYSTEM MODEL BASED ON THE INTERNET AND EXPERIMENTS

Development of complicated products is a project of system engineering It involves extensive and complicated knowledge,design methods and auxiliary technology Various factors affect each other So,modern product development is a typical group problem with distributed and dynamic features It is apparent superiority to solve this problem with a multi agent system representing various knowledge domains Distributed artificial intelligence knowledge being used,the multi agent collaborative design system concept and model based on Internet environment are put forward The realizing method of product developing agents,interactive process among multi agents,and organization and implementing of the design project of the multi agent collaborative design system are discussed in detail Application examples are also presented.

Proto col Design for Output Consensus of Port-controlled Hamiltonian Multi-agent Systems

这份报纸调查控制港口的 Hamiltonian (PCH ) 多代理人系统的产量一致问题与修理并且切换的拓扑学。第一，一个分布式的组产量一致协议经由塑造方法全球性到达稳定性和组产量一致的能量被设计。第二，一个新分布式的控制协议被使用 PCH 系统的结构的性质建议。这个协议的优点是它能由构造一种虚拟邻居转变指导的图到未受指导的图。第三，一个控制协议被设计，扩大 LaSalle0s 不变性原则在联合连接的拓扑学条件下面为交换系统发展了让所有代理人当拓扑学正在切换时，到达输出一致。最后，有模拟的一些解说性的例子被提供表明在这份报纸设计的协议的有效性。

Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Vehicle Instrument Panel Based on Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm

Typical multidisciplinary design optimization（MDO） has gradually been proposed to balance performances of lightweight, noise, vibration and harshness（NVH） and safety for instrument panel（IP） structure in the automotive development. Nevertheless, plastic constitutive relation of Polypropylene（PP） under different strain rates, has not been taken into consideration in current reliability-based and collaborative IP MDO design. In this paper, based on tensile test under different strain rates, the constitutive relation of Polypropylene material is studied. Impact simulation tests for head and knee bolster are carried out to meet the regulation of FMVSS 201 and FMVSS 208, respectively. NVH analysis is performed to obtain mainly the natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes, while the crashworthiness analysis is employed to examine the crash behavior of IP structure. With the consideration of lightweight, NVH, head and knee bolster impact performance, design of experiment（DOE）, response surface model（RSM）, and collaborative optimization（CO） are applied to realize the determined and reliability-based optimizations, respectively. Furthermore, based on multi-objective genetic algorithm（MOGA）, the optimal Pareto sets are completed to solve the multi-objective optimization（MOO） problem. The proposed research ensures the smoothness of Pareto set, enhances the ability of engineers to make a comprehensive decision about multi-objectives and choose the optimal design, and improves the quality and efficiency of MDO.

Multi-objective Optimization Conceptual Design of Product Structure Based on Variable Length Gene Expression

It is a complicated problem for the bottom-to-top adaptive conceptual design of complicated products between structure and function. Reliable theories demand to be found in order to determine whether the structure accords with the requirement of design. For the requirement generally is dynamic variety as time passes, new requirements will come, and some initial requirements can no longer be used. The number of product requirements, the gene length expressing requirements, the structure of the product, and the correlation matrix are varied with individuation of customer requirements of the product. By researching on the calculation mechanisms of dynamic variety, the approaches of gene expression and variable length gene expression are proposed. According to the diversity of structure selection in conceptual design and mutual relations between structure and function as well as structure and structure, the correlation matrixes between structure and function as well as structure and structure are defined. By the approach of making the sum of the elements of correlation matrix maximum, the mathematical models of multi-object optimization for structure design are provided based on variable requirements. An improved genetic algorithm called segment genetic algorithm is proposed based on optimization preservation simple genetic algorithm. The models of multi-object optimization are calculated by the segment genetic algorithm and hybrid genetic algorithm. An example for the conceptual design of a washing machine is given to show that the proposed method is able to realize the optimization structure design fitting for variable requirements. In addition, the proposed approach can provide good Pareto optimization solutions, and the individuation customer requirements for structures of products are able to be resolved effectively.

Towards establishing practical multi-hazard bridge design limit states

In the U.S., the current Load and Resistance Factor Design （LRFD） Specifications for highway bridges is a reliability-based formulation that considers failure probabilities of bridge components due to the actions of typical dead load and frequent vehicular loads. Various extreme load effects, such as earthquake and vessel collision, are on the same reliability-based platform. Since these extreme loads are time variables, combining them with not considered frequent. non- extreme loads is a significant challenge. The number of design limit state equations based on these failure probabilities can be unrealistically large and unnecessary from the view point of practical applications. Based on the opinion of AASHTO State Bridge Engineers, many load combinations are insignificant in their states. This paper describes the formulation of a criterion to include only the necessary load combinations to establish the design limit states. This criterion is established by examining the total failure probabilities for all possible time-invariant and time varying load combinations and breaking them down into partial terms. Then, important load combinations can be readily determined quantitatively,

STUDY ON THERMAL EXPANSIONCOEFFICIENT AND DESIGN FOR ZERO-EXPANSION OF SlNGLE AND HYBRIDMULTI-DIRECTIONAL COMPOSITES

AbstractThermal expansion properties of single and hybrid multi-directional composites fromr.t. to 150℃ are studied. The theoretical formulae for predicting coefficient of thermal ex-pansion (CTE) value are established. In the experiments, carbon/glasa andcarbon / Keviar are accepted to be the hybrid form. The variation of CTE values of hybridcomposites with structure parameter is analyzed. Besides, hybrid composites with zeroCTE arc studied and designed. And some typical ply forms of laminates with zero CTE arepresented. The investigation shows that it is easier for hybrid multi-directional compositesto meet the requirements of zero-expansion.

Multi-objective Optimisation Design of Water Distribution Systems:Comparison of Two Evolutionary Algorithms

In order to compare two advanced multi-objective evolutionary algorithms,a multi-objective water distribution problem is formulated in this paper.The multi-objective optimization has received more attention in the water distribution system design.On the one hand the cost of water distribution system including capital,operational,and maintenance cost is mostly concerned issue by the utilities all the time;on the other hand improving the performance of water distribution systems is of equivalent importance,which is often conflicting with the previous goal.Many performance metrics of water networks are developed in recent years,including total or maximum pressure deficit,resilience,inequity,probabilistic robustness,and risk measure.In this paper,a new resilience metric based on the energy analysis of water distribution systems is proposed.Two optimization objectives are comprised of capital cost and the new resilience index.A heuristic algorithm,speedconstrained multi-objective particle swarm optimization( SMPSO) extended on the basis of the multi-objective particle swarm algorithm,is introduced to compare with another state-of-the-art heuristic algorithm,NSGA-II.The solutions are evaluated by two metrics,namely spread and hypervolume.To illustrate the capability of SMPSO to efficiently identify good designs,two benchmark problems( two-loop network and Hanoi network) are employed.From several aspects the results demonstrate that SMPSO is a competitive and potential tool to tackle with the optimization problem of complex systems.

Computer-aided Pattern Design of Multi-bar Warp Knitted Fabrics

To meet the development trend of multi-bar warp knit-ting machine towards high-speed,advanced technologyand computer control and the requirements of variousproducts with small quantity,there are many researcheson the computer-aided pattern design of multi-barwarp knitted fabrics.In terms of the special propertiesof the computer-aided pattern design of multi-barwarp knitted fabrics,the Object Oriented Program(OOP)programming-Object Windows class Library(OWL)programming is selected.According to thecharacters of the OWL programming,various functionsare defined.Pattern design and technical parameters canbe output,which offers a great convenience for the fac-tory.

Design of multi-layered porous fibrous metals for optimal sound absorption in the low frequency range

We present a design method for calculating and optimizing sound absorption coefficient of multi-layered porous fibrous metals （PFM） in the low frequency range. PFM is simplified as an equivalent idealized sheet with all metallic fibers aligned in one direction and distributed in periodic hexagonal patterns. We use a phenomenological model in the literature to investigate the effects of pore geometrical parameters （fiber diameter and gap） on sound absorption performance. The sound absorption coefficient of multi- layered PFMs is calculated using impedance translation theorem, To demonstrate the validity of the present model, we compare the predicted results with the experimental data. With the average sound absorption （low frequency range） as the objective function and the fiber gaps as the design variables, an optimization method for multi-layered fibrous metals is proposed. A new fibrous layout with given porosity of multi-layered fibrous metals is suggested to achieve optimal low frequency sound absorption. The sound absorption coefficient of the optimal multi-layered fibrous metal is higher than the single- layered fibrous metal, and a significant effect of the fibrous material on sound absorption is found due to the surface Dorosity of the multi-layered fibrous.

Multi-Hazard Evaluation Using Cluster Analysis—For Designated Evacuation Centers of Yokohama

Hazard maps are usually prepared for each disaster, including seismic hazard maps, flood hazard maps, and landslide hazard maps. However, when the general public attempts to check their own disaster risk, most are likely not aware of the specific types of disaster. So, first of all, we need to know what kinds of hazards are important. However, the information that integrates multiple hazards is not well maintained, and there are few such studies. On the other hand, in Japan, a lot of hazard information is being released on the Internet. So, we summarized and assessed hazard data that can be accessed online regarding shelters (where evacuees live during disasters) and their catchments (areas assigned to each shelter) in Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture. Based on the results, we investigated whether a grouping by cluster analysis would allow for multi-hazard assessment. We used four natural disasters (seismic, flood, tsunami, sediment disaster) and six parameters of other population and senior population. However, since the characteristics of the population and the senior population were almost the same, only population data was used in the final examination. From the cluster analysis, it was found that it is appropriate to group the designated evacuation centers in Yokohama City into six groups. In addition, each of the six groups was found to have explainable characteristics, confirming the effectiveness of multi-hazard creation using cluster analysis. For example, we divided, all hazards are low, both flood and Seismic hazards are high, sediment hazards are high, etc. In many Japanese cities, disaster prevention measures have been constructed in consideration of ground hazards, mainly for earthquake disasters. In this paper, we confirmed the consistency between the evaluation results of the multi-hazard evaluated here and the existing ground hazard map and examined the usefulness of the designated evacuation center. Finally, the validity was confirmed by comparing this result with the ground hazard based on the actual measurement by the past research. In places where the seismic hazard is large, the two are consistent with the fact that the easiness of shaking by actual measurement is also large.

Aerodynamic Design for Three-Dimensional Multi-lifting Surfaces at Transonic Flow

An aerodynamic design method and corresponding codes are developed for three-dimensional multi lifting surfaces at transonic flow. It is based on the ＂iterative residual correction＂ concept that is successfully used for transonic wing design and subsonic multi-lifting surface design. The up-wind scheme is introduced into governing equations of multi-lifting surface design method and automatically acted when supersonic flow appears on the surface. A series of interface codes are programmed, including a target-pressure modification tool. Using the improved inverse aerodynamic design code, TAU code and interface codes, the transonic multi-lifting aerodynamic design software system is founded. Two cases of canard-wing configuration have been performed to validate the method and codes. The results show that the convergence of analysis/design iteration is very good at higher speed transonic flow.

Explicit Correlation Model of Multi-source Constraints for Re-design Parts with Complex Curved Surface

In precision machining of complex curved surface parts with high performance, geometry accuracy is not the only constraint, but the performance should also be met. Performance of this kind of parts is closely related to the geometrical and physical parameters, so the final actual size and shape are affected by multiple source constraints, such as geometry, physics, and performance. These parts are rather difficult to be manufactured and new manufacturing method according to performance requirement is urgently needed. Based on performance and manufacturing requirements for complex curved surface parts, a new classification method is proposed, which divided the complex curved surface parts into two categories： surface re-design complex curved surface parts with multi-source constraints（PRCS） and surface unique complex curved surface parts with pure geometric constraints（PUCS）. A correlation model is constructed between the performance and multi-source constraints for PRCS, which reveals the correlation between the performance and multi-source constraints. A re-design method is also developed. Through solving the correlation model of the typical paws performance-associated surface, the mapping relation between the performance-associated surface and the related removal amount is obtained. The explicit correlation model and the method for the corresponding related removal amount of the performance-associated surface are built based on the classification of surface re-design complex curved surface parts with multi-source constraints. Research results have been used in the actual processing of the typical parts such as radome, common bottom components, nozzle, et al., which shows improved efficiency and accuracy of the precision machining for the surface re-design parts with complex curved surface.

An Innovative Soft Design Science Methodology for Improving Development of a Secure Information System in Tanzania Using Multi-Layered Approach

This paper presents an innovative Soft Design Science Methodology for improving information systems security using multi-layered security approach. The study applied Soft Design Science Methodology to address the problematic situation on how information systems security can be improved. In addition, Soft Design Science Methodology was compounded with mixed research methodology. This holistic approach helped for research methodology triangulation. The study assessed security requirements and developed a framework for improving information systems security. The study carried out maturity level assessment to determine security status quo in the education sector in Tanzania. The study identified security requirements gap (IT security controls, IT security measures) using ISO/IEC 21827: Systems Security Engineering-Capability Maturity Model (SSE-CMM) with a rating scale of 0 - 5. The results of this study show that maturity level across security domain is 0.44 out of 5. The finding shows that the implementation of IT security controls and security measures for ensuring security goals are lacking or conducted in ad-hoc. Thus, for improving the security of information systems, organisations should implement security controls and security measures in each security domain (multi-layer security). This research provides a framework for enhancing information systems security during capturing, processing, storage and transmission of information. This research has several practical contributions. Firstly, it contributes to the body of knowledge of information systems security by providing a set of security requirements for ensuring information systems security. Secondly, it contributes empirical evidence on how information systems security can be improved. Thirdly, it contributes on the applicability of Soft Design Science Methodology on addressing the problematic situation in information systems security. The research findings can be used by decision makers and lawmakers to improve existing cyber security laws, and enact laws for data privacy and sharing of open data.

Integrated Building Envelope Design Process Combining Parametric Modelling and Multi-Objective Optimization

As an important element in sustainable building design, the building envelope has been witnessing a constant shift in the design approach. Integrating multi-objective optimization (MOO) into the building envelope design process is very promising, but not easy to realize in an actual project due to several factors, including the complexity of optimization model construction, lack of a dynamic-visualization capacity in the simulation tools and consideration of how to match the optimization with the actual design process. To overcome these difficulties, this study constructed an integrated building envelope design process (IBEDP) based on parametric modelling, which was implemented using Grasshopper platform and interfaces to control the simulation software and optimization algorithm. A railway station was selected as a case study for applying the proposed IBEDP, which also utilized a grid-based variable design approach to achieve flexible optimum fenestrations. To facilitate the stepwise design process, a novel strategy was proposed with a two-step optimization, which optimized various categories of variables separately. Compared with a one-step optimization, though the proposed strategy performed poorly in the diversity of solutions, the quantitative assessment of the qualities of Pareto-optimum solution sets illustrates that it is superior. © 2016, Tianjin University and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Innovative design and motion mechanism analysis for a multi-moving state autonomous underwater vehicles

In order to achieve the functional requirements of multi-moving state, a new autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV) provided with the functions such as the submarine vectorial thrust, landing on the sea bottom, wheel driving on the ground and crawling on the ground was designed. Then five new theories and methods were proposed about the motion mechanism of the AUV such as vectorial thruster technology, design of a new wheel propeller, kinematics and dynamics, navigation control and the ambient flow field in complex sea conditions, which can all conquer conventional technique shortages and predict the multi-moving state performance under wave disturbance. The theoretical research can realize the results such as a vectorial transmission shaft with the characteristics of spatial deflexion and continual circumgyratetion, parameterized design of the new wheel propeller with preferable open-water performance and intensity characteristics satisfying multi-moving state requirements, motion computation and kinetic analysis of AUV's arbitrary postures under wave disturbance, a second-order sliding mode controller with double-loop structure based on dynamic boundary layer that ensures AUV's trajectory high-precision tracking performance under wave disturbance, fast and exact prediction of the ambient flow field characteristics and the interaction mechanism between AUV hull and wheel propellers. The elaborate data obtained from the theoretical research can provide an important theoretical guidance and technical support for the manufacture of experimental prototype.

Multi Domain Design of Fluid Machinery

The scope of the paper is the design of a fluid machinery with a multiphysics procedure, through CAD （computer-aided design）-CAE （computer-aided engineering）-CAx （computer-aided technologies） tools. The study of a wind turbine is a perfect example of a project that requires an interdisciplinary team design, in fact for such a project mechanical structure, and CFD （computational fluid dynamics） designers are necessary. In addition, in the last years, the multi domain design has been supported by the continuous development of software for computer-aided design and the unceasing increase of the connection between performances and computer costs： the final aim is to propose the instruments that assist the designer throughout all the steps of the project. The multi domain design, illustrated in this article, is based on how to design the wind turbine, and it is not about process management and manufacturability. In particular, in the article, the emphasis will be placed on the integration between CAD and mathematical software of general type and on the CAD-CAE integration.

MultiPCB公司支持AltiumDesigner数据

德国领先电路板制造商Multi PCB有限公司现可支持Altium Designer数据。Altium Designer由Altium有限公司创建，用于统一整个电子产品开发工艺。Altium Designer在统一设计环境中结合了硬件、软件和可编程硬件设计，使设计团队内部以及全机构之间可实现有效合作。

An Integrated Multi-Echelon Model for a Sustainable Closed Loop Supply Chain Network Design

The integration of entire supply and value chain into a closed loop network is gaining more importance in recent times in order to ensure a business to be economically and environmentally sustainable with the changing trends in business and social environments, growing environmental consciousness in the society and government legislations to protect the environment as well as the business. In this context, this paper considers a multi-echelon closed loop supply chain network design with forward and reverse logistics components. An attempt has been made to develop a mixed integer non-linear programming model for this problem with different costs so that the sum of the total cost is minimized subject to different constraints pertaining to capacities of the entities of the system, demands of first customers and second customers. A generalized model is presented and then its application is illustrated using an example problem by solving the model using LINGO14. This model forms as a tool to compare future meta-heuristics to check the closeness of their solutions with corresponding optimal solutions.

CONSENSUS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF LINEAR INTERCONNECTED MULTI-AGENT SYSTEMS

We deal with the state consensus problem of a general Linear Interconnected Multi-Agent System （LIMAS） under a time-invariant and directed communication topology. Firstly, we propose a linear consensus protocol in a general form, which consists of state feedback of the agent itself and feedback form of the relative states between the agent and its neighbors. Secondly, a state-linear-transformation is applied to equivalently transform the state consensus problem into a partial stability problem. Based on the partial stability theory, we derive a sufficient and necessary criterion of consensus convergence, which is expressed via the Hurwitz stability of a real matrix constructed from the parameters of the agent models and the protocols, and present an analytical formula of the consensus function. Lastly, we propose a design procedure of the gain matrices in the protocol by solving a bilinear matrix inequality.