Rural Development Transformation and Social Governance from the Perspective of Specialization:A Case Study of Ruiling Village in Guangzhou City,China

The reorganization of the global production network and the increased mobility of urban-rural elements have accelerated the differentiation of rural spaces,resulting in a trend towards specialization in rural areas.This paper focuses on the concept of specialization,and takes a renowned bonsai specialized village in Guangzhou City,China as a typical case to explore its transformation and development process,action logic and coupling mechanism with the social governance.The results show that:1)the development of rural specialization in Ruiling Village is shaped by several key actors,such as local governments,grassroots organizations,villagers,social organizations,policies,markets and infrastructure.The transfer of these key actors and the reconstruction of actor-networks in different stages have an important influence on the transformation and realization of rural development goals.2)Through subjects-driven,organization management and resource connection,social governance supports the specialization of rural industrial organization,operation,technology and mode.The governance structure shifts from decentralization to networking,refinement and integration.A coupling community of social governance and specialization is created by the social governance system of‘local government-grassroots organizationseconomic cooperatives-villagers’,which links industries,industrial chains and cooperatives.3)Social governance integrates into the value chain extension process of rural specialized development with a central,multi-level organizational structure.It promotes the construction of the whole value chain through organizational planning,resource integration and image shaping,thus realizing the value,branding and organization of the industry,as well as the integration of rural sustainable development and governance mechanism.Social governance has a profound impact on the development of rural specialization in terms of subject,structure and mode,and participates in the construction of the whole value chain of rural areas.This paper provides a new perspective for understanding the coupling effect of social governance in the rural development transformation,and promotes the rural sustainable development and governance.

How China Improves Global Governance capability--Take the field theory as the visual threshold

The world is currently experiencing a trend of power shifting from east to west.The raging epidemic and the continuous development of deglobalization have made the world more uncertain.The world’s original governance rules are not enough to solve real problems,and China urgently needs to improve its global governance capability.

Palmer&Harvey:A Case of Governance and Audit Failure

Palmer&Harvey(P&H)is a recent example of a UK corporate failure which raises questions about current corporate governance practice,the quality and integrity of audit reporting,and the“sugar coating”of Annual Reports.P&H is but one example of UK firms currently struggling to survive,or failing.The paper presents some details about the P&H case,and then considers questions about corporate governance practice,and whether it is designed to truly safeguard the interests of stakeholders;it raises questions about conventional audit reporting,and whether it is too limited in its analysis and reporting.The paper recommends a strengthening of corporate governance guidelines and practice within the terms of the current Financial Reporting Council(FRC)review,and a wider adoption of forensic accounting practice and reporting,in part taking account of the impact of behavioural factors in management practice.A wider study is proposed to take this analysis and discussion further.

Study on the Biological Basis of Qi, Blood, and Vessel in Immune Thrombocytopenia Patients With Syndrome of Qi Failing to Govern Blood Based on the Theory of Qi and Blood

Objective: To investigate the biological basis of qi, blood and vessel in immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) patients with syndrome of qi failing to govern blood(SQFGB) based on traditional Chinese medicine.Methods: A total of 52 ITP patients with SQFCB were enrolled and divided into bleeding group(38 cases) and non-bleeding group(14 cases).Bleeding group was further divided into mild qi deficiency group(25 cases) and moderate/severe qi deficiency group(13 cases) based on Chinese Medicine syndrome score.20 healthy volunteer were recruited as control group.The count of platelet(PLT) was taken as the blood related indicator.The expressions of cytokines including IL-1β, IL-17 A, TNF-α, CD40 L, and TGF-β, detected by Aim Plex Multiple Immunoassays for Flow, were taken as the qi related indicators.The expressions of VEGF-A, detected by Aim Plex Multiple Immunoassays for Flow and NO, NOS, and ET-1 detected by ELISA, were taken as the vessel related indicators.Results: As compared to the control group, the count of PLT, taken as the blood related indicator, was significantly lower in ITP group patients with SQFCB(P<0.05).The expression levels of IL-17 A and TNF-α, taken as the qi related indicators, were significantly higher, while those of CD40 L, IL-1β, and TGF-β, also taken as the qi related indicators, were significantly lower in ITP patients with SQFCB, respectively(P<0.05).The expression levels of NO and ET-1, taken as the vessel related indicators, were significantly higher, while the expression levels of NOS and VEGF-A also taken as the vessel related indicators, were significantly lower in ITP patients with SQFCB, respectively(P<0.05).The count of PLT, taken as the blood related indicator, was significantly lower in moderate/severe group than those in mild group(P<0.05).The expression levels of CD40 L and TGF-β, taken as the qi related indicators, were also significantly lower in moderate/severe group than those in mild group, respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion: The count of PLT might be the biological basis of blood.The expressions of NO, NOS, ET-1 and VEGF-A might be the biological basis of vessel.The expressions of IL-1β, IL-17 A, TNF-α, TGF-β, and CD40 L may be the biological basis of qi.The expressions of CD40 L and TGF-β could reflect the degree of qi deficiency in ITP patients based on the theory of qi and blood.

Research on Urban Community Facilities Safety Governance—Based on the Overall Perspective

Community facilities accidents happen every year in many cities of China, which has been an important issue in academic circles. The purpose of this study is to suggest the direction of universal design for the prevention of community facilities accidents. In this paper, from the overall angle, the impact factors of the urban community service facilities safety were analyzed. Then, based on the integrated governance theory, from such aspects as engineering and non-engineering disaster reduction, the governance measures were explored.

Heterogeneous responsibilities of three grassland resource governance modes in Inner Mongolia, China

Grassland resource governance is an important part of ecological civilization construction,and it directly af‐fects grassland governance performance.This study deploys principal-agent theory and uses social network analysis to compare grassland resource governance modes in China in terms of institutional settings and insti‐tutional network characteristics.This study found three types of grassland resource governance modes:self-designed,docked,and integrated.The self-designed mode forms a network structure with dual centers and multiple members,and has the second-best structural mode of the three types.The docked mode forms a net‐work structure with a single center in which the institution is the absolute core and is relatively divergent.It has the weakest structural advantage of the three types.The integrated mode forms a network structure with a single institution at the core and other institutions distributed evenly throughout the structure.This mode has the strongest structural advantage among the three types.This study offers the practical application of improv‐ing the practice of grassland governance in China and is theoretically significant because it can contribute to improving grassland governance modes and enriching the public goods resources governance.

Do Company Directors Underestimate the Adoption of Corporate Governance Provisions？ A Survey Approach

This paper examines whether company directors underestimate the adoption of corporate governance provisions within Ghanaian listed firms. Using a survey approach, the respondents, who were company executives and non-executive directors with knowledge of the Ghanaian Code and its provisions, regard the code as a benchmark for good corporate governance practices within Ghanaian listed firms. They also report some improvement in the standard of corporate governance in their companies since the introduction of the Code. Many of the company directors indicated their preparedness to comply with further corporate governance requirements, such as the adoption of a formal nomination committee something not been currently included in the Ghanaian Code. However, the directors noted that they receive inadequate support from the regulatory and institutional bodies for the implementation of the Ghanaian Code provisions. Many of the directors also supported the review of the Ghanaian Code by an independent committee. With regard to the adoption of the Ghanaian Code and its influence on firm performance, the respondents indicated that the adoption of the specific governance provisions in the area of chief executive officer （CEO）/chairman roles separation, having a balance of executive and non-executive directors on the board, the establishment of audit and remuneration committees, and the full adoption of the Ghanaian Code provisions were all influential in determining firm performance. They, however, did not support the adoption of the board size provision as influential to firm performance. This raises questions about the usefulness of the range of board size as recommended by the Ghanaian Code.

A Study on the Translation of Government Documents from the Perspective of Toury's Norm Theory——Take 2015 Government Work Report as an Example

Government work report reflects the most authoritative information about government work conditions at present and its future plans.With the guidance of Toury s translational norm theory,this thesis focuses on the analysis of the translation of 2015 government work report from three aspects,namely initial norms,preliminary norms and operational norms.Based on those relevant analysis,it concludes that Toury' s translational norm theory is valuable to summarize some common principles about the translation of government documents from macroscopic and microscopic views.

Analysis on Local Government's Illegal Occupation of Cultivated Land Using Game Theory

In order to find out reasons for local government illegally occupying cultivated land and reduce such acts to ensure China's grain security,this paper made an analysis through building the single person game model for local government's legal or illegal occupation of cultivation land.It reached the conclusion that the benefit obtained by local government from illegal occupation of cultivated land is far greater than cost and punishment of such illegal acts.Illegal act is an optimal choice of local government to maximize its benefits,which is also the major reason for its illegal occupation of cultivated land.Thus,to reduce these illegal acts of local government,it should reduce benefits of local government obtained from illegal occupation of cultivated land,and increase costs for illegal occupation of cultivated land.

基于韧性理论的突发事件情报决策体系研究

[目的/意义]突发事件为我国带来的危机层出不穷,如何以国家安全与发展需求为目标导向,有效化解国家安全风险是当务之急。然而情报在突发事件的应急决策工作中发挥着重要作用。[方法/过程]以韧性理论为顶层指导,以情报决策相关概念为基础,以政府为决策主体,梳理突发事件研究方向相关文献,构建基于韧性理论的突发事件情报决策体系。从情报流、业务流、决策流三条链路为线索,纵向刻画出体系的管理流程与运行逻辑。[结果/结论]以数据驱动、知识驱动为内在推动力,将韧性、情报注入决策体系,给突发事件的决策赋予了更高层次的智能性、智慧性,完善了突发事件应急管理的体系建设工作,为政府优化政策战略提供参考,使政府治理更具弹性与兼容性。

基于扎根理论的政府开放数据价值影响因素研究

[目的/意义]政府开放数据价值是数字经济情境下个体数据行为嬗变的反馈性标志。从政府开放数据使用者视角识别其价值要素,对于促进政府数据管理水平,提升数据交易常态化具有理论和实践意义。[方法/过程]利用会议、访谈与网络数据获取原始资料,结合扎根理论,构建“三维—多层”的数据价值影响因素模型,涵盖121个初始概念、30项范畴和9项主范畴,各领域受访者共33位。[结果/结论]个体感知数据价值影响因素主要涉及需求、进路、市场化三个维度,综合考察各项主范畴,针对数据价值的内在关联以及外部机制,可以提炼出直接、间接、跨层、双元4种关系结构。这个过程在理论上弥补了传统政务体系下政府开放数据与个体需求二元割裂之不足,延展了政府开放数据的价值使用行为与价值释放路径。

安全生产的政府监管深度与多元政策调适

安全生产的政府监管存在治理深度与事故风险严重程度失衡与错位的问题,即监管政策应用中出现的对重大风险轻微处置、对轻微风险严苛规制的现象,这会导致政策实施的低效,不利于发展与安全的统筹,甚至诱发外延风险,带来社会问题。为把握地方政府安全生产监管与风险治理的内在逻辑,以需求溢出理论为观察视角,构建“公共风险—治理深度—监管效能”分析框架,并结合T市开展“包容审慎监管”的案例,依照差异化的事故风险定位监管深度,形成“审慎—包容”两种治理深度不同的监管政策,同时推行监管效能的内部调适政策,在安全生产的同时,也对执法措施冲击群体利益的公共风险予以有效化解。

数智时代智慧图书馆隐私治理的社会理论重构

当前隐私问题围绕个人主体、个人与社会以及个人信息三个方面,形成了以个人主体控制和访问授权的隐私治理核心范式,固化了个人主体的隐私传统。数智时代,随着智慧图书馆利益相关者对个人数据需求日益剧增,隐私的个人主体传统治理模式面临新的挑战。本文从智慧图书馆的社会结构、功能、价值、法规等四个方面,探索个人主体的隐私保护结合社会保护的进一步融合模式。以AIGC技术创新为例,探索个人数据法规政策等社会理论的治理路径,完善具有社会性、监管性、风险性、制度性的隐私治理框架,最终形成数据价值、数据安全在内的系统化智慧图书馆隐私保护生态。

数字平台场域互动观的建构研究

文章依据社会学中的场域理论,提出“数字平台场域互动观”。研究发现,数字平台具有“场域”属性,是一种商业场域,场域理论在此具有独到的解释力;互动在数字平台中扮演核心角色,是数字平台运行的微观基础;数字平台的场域互动模式包括同场域互动模式、跨场域互动模式和复跨场域互动模式;数字平台的互动模式决定了其治理机制,并呈现出多样化的特点,从而要求有相对应的保障机制。文章构建了一个平台研究的系统性理论框架,为推动数字平台领域研究、数字平台健康持续发展以及政府有效精准地规制数字平台提供了新思路。

长江经济带跨界污染协同治理动力机制分析——基于扎根理论

传统的“政府单核”思维和单一的属地治理模式已无法有效回应跨界污染问题,以“多元共治、区域合作、协调对话”为主要方式的协同治理更加符合当下的治理需求。立足于长江经济带,通过对跨界污染事件报道的扎根分析,构建了协同治理动力机制模型,提炼出外源驱动、内生驱动、多元共治、赋能建设、思想引导和流程优化六个主导要素,进一步归纳为驱动力、能动力和执行力三维动力,分别作用于协同意愿、协同结构和协同过程三个阶段。利用模型对跨界污染事件进行回溯分析后发现,当前长江经济带跨界污染协同治理总体上存在驱动力失衡、能动力不足和执行力有限的问题,应结合具体实际有的放矢地予以强化。

大型城市社区如何实现智慧化治理——基于贵阳市Q社区的调查研究

随着城镇化进程的加快,城市社区智慧治理成为社会治理的应然进路,如何实现社区共建共治共享引人深思。以DIKW模型中数据、信息、知识、智慧等四个维度为研究视角与分析框架,以大型社区贵阳市Q社区的智慧化建设为研究对象探索社区治理智慧、效能及共享的新内涵发现,当前我国智慧社区面临着数据管理、技术应用、信息协同、制度保障等四重发展困境,这让智慧社区成为一种“虚拟的美丽”。为此,需要强化智慧社区数据化基础、推进智慧社区综合信息化服务、开展智慧社区知识化应用示范、完善社区治理智慧化效能的制度设计、充分利用智慧社区协同行动价值来优化大型城市社区智慧化建设,夯实基层社会治理根基。

电厂和政府行为策略演化博弈与仿真研究——基于农林生物质与煤耦合发电产业发展视角

“双碳”背景下,农林生物质与煤耦合发电成为煤电转型的新路径。政府如何制定有效的补贴和监管政策,以及电厂如何进行正确的策略选择是促进农林生物质与煤耦合发电产业发展的关键。通过构建政府和电厂的混合策略博弈模型,分析双方的博弈关系和行为策略动态演变过程,并运用系统动力学进行建模仿真,进一步探析关键因素对政府和电厂行为策略的影响路径。结果表明:政府和电厂的行为策略在较长时期里无法趋于稳定,而是在相互影响中波动变化。政府制定补贴和监管策略、提高耦合发电收益、降低耦合发电成本,都将促进更多电厂选择农林生物质与煤耦合发电,从而进一步促进产业发展。

平台场域内中等收入人群“滑落”风险形成与治理机制——基于美团外卖骑手的案例研究

在中等收入人群绝对规模增加的过程中,也存在着“滑落”现象,以往对于中等收入人群的研究多从收入分配制度、人力资本等角度展开。通过美团案例的研究发现,中等收入人群“滑落”的根源为生态成员权责范围的模糊,“稳中”还需依赖平台治理。处于市场优势地位的美团,在供求失衡的市场机制和算法技术的支持下,通过灵活用工模式规避雇佣责任,但这种劳资关系并非稳定的和可持续的。外卖骑手可以通过自我赋能、维护自身主体性、多栖战略等途径抵御“滑落”,同时,制度缺口填补、平台与政府协同治理、平台企业垄断规制和多元主体赋权的方式也可以阻断外卖骑手的“滑落”通道。外卖骑手“滑落”是研究橄榄型社会结构构建的经典案例,对我国完善平台治理结构和发展共同富裕具有积极意义。

由分化到平衡:面向共同富裕的乡村治理人才发展逻辑——基于扎根理论的探索性研究

乡村治理人才在促进农村农民共同富裕中发挥着重要作用。既有研究侧重于探讨某类乡村治理人才与共同富裕的关系或其发展问题,缺乏乡村治理人才队伍整体与共同富裕相联系的针对性研究。对重庆的48名乡村治理人才采取半结构化访谈等方式获取原始材料,运用扎根理论探索乡村治理人才发展的内在逻辑及其与共同富裕的联系,逐步编码并提炼出41项初始概念、21项副范畴和5项主范畴,最终确定面向共同富裕的乡村治理人才发展逻辑。该逻辑涵盖了乡村治理人才发展所遵循的“需求—路径—能力—村庄形态”链条及其与村庄发展程度的关系,从而揭示了乡村治理人才在实践发展中的规律及其对共同富裕的影响与联系。乡村治理人才的发展需求集中在人才存量结构与人才保障体系不够完善、人才队伍稳定性不足、专业人才整体缺乏等方面,发展路径以党政机构主导为主体、乡村居民共治为根本、社会力量协同和企业主体参与为重要方式,基于结构、数量、规模、组织化程度、流动性5个维度建构的发展能力面临可持续挑战,乡村治理人才的不同发展需求、发展路径和发展能力的综合作用使村庄发展形塑出人才缺失型、人才流失型、人才稳定型、人才吸引型等不同形态。4种村庄形态与先富型、小康型、帮扶型3类村庄发展程度之间存在互为前提的联结关系。“分化”作为贯穿这一发展逻辑链条中的突出特征,事实上是农村农民共同富裕需解决的重要问题。面向全体人民共同富裕的现代化,从乡村人才振兴角度看,亟待推动人才缺失型、人才流失型村庄向人才稳定型或人才吸引型村庄转化,进而以乡村治理人才队伍的数量和质量平衡促进3类不同发展程度的村庄共同走上富裕道路。在政策选择上可从优化乡村治理人才资源配置、建立健全乡村治理人才引育机制、培养乡村治理专业人才、促进村(社)干部职业化、推动城乡人才自由流动等方面促进乡村治理人才队伍发展壮大。

司法裁判如何实现社会治理

司法裁判的微观修复功能源自司法权的本质,宏观社会功能来自案件传播中的观念磨合与共识形成,司法裁判与社会治理在法理上是相融共通的,也会推进公平正义、稳定秩序、公共理性与个体尊严等社会治理价值目标的实现。司法裁判参与社会治理的方式包括:推动公共政策的形成;规范行政权力的运行;促进法律适用的统一;形塑公众观念和行为。司法裁判发挥社会治理作用需要一定的条件,亦存在被滥用的风险,为了防范这些问题,需要坚持司法的职能定位和基本逻辑,强化裁判文书的释法说理能力,注重司法与民意之间的良性互动,拓展和优化司法裁判的共知共享途径。