Studying the Mechanical Properties of Jute/Cotton Blended Yarns Using the Weibull Model

The phenomenon of a material failure varies with its gauge length in use. In the present study, the breaking strengths of J30/C70 and J55/C45 blended yarns spun by the ring spinning technology were investigated with the employment of the equations derived from the Weibull theory. The four probability estimators of the Weibull distribution were also evaluated. The results showed that the estimator （2a） was acceptable for calculating the Weibull modulus of the jute/cotton blended yarns. With the exception of breaking strength of the J30/C70 at the gauge length of 200 ram, the breaking strengths of both blended yarn could be predicted accurately by the Eqs. （9） or （10） in this paper.

Study of Rotor Spun Basofil/Cotton Blended Yarn Quality Characteristics during Optimisation of Processing Parameters

Yarn quality characteristics are affected by processing parameters. A 36 tex rotor spun yarn of 50/50 Basofil/ cotton （B/C） blended yarn was spun, and the spinning process optimised for rotor speed, opening roller speed and twist factor. Selected yarn characteristics were studied during the optimization process. During the optimizations process yarn elongation and hairiness reduced with increase in rotor speed. Tenacity increased with increase of rotor speed. The increase in TF caused tenacity and CV of count to increase up to a peak and then started to decrease with further increase of TF.While TF caused an increase in yarn hairiness, elongation decreased to a minimum level and then started to increase with further increase of TF. CV of count and hairiness increased with increase in opening roller speed, but tenacity and elongation decreased with increase in opening roller speed. The optimization process yielded the optimum levels for rotor speed, opening roller speed and twist factor （TF） as 45,000 rpm, 6,500 rpm and 450 respectively. As per uster Standards the optimum yam showed good results for CV of count, CV of tenacity and thin places/km.

Study on the pre-process technology of knitted fabric made of cotton/vinylon blended hollow yarn by single-factor experiments

以棉／维纶混纺空心纱为研究对象，探讨了针织双罗纹织物在前处理过程中，精练剂浓度、氧漂稳定剂浓度、浴比、Na2SiO3浓度、NaOH浓度、H2O2浓度、煮漂时间、煮漂温度8个因素对针织物白度、毛细效应、顶破强力的关系。实验结果显示：NaOH浓度、H2O2浓度、煮漂时间和煮漂温度是影响织物前处理效果的主要因素，精练剂浓度、氧漂稳定刑浓度、浴比、Na2SiO3浓度对处理结果的影响则相对较小。

Effect of Blending Ratio on the Properties of Ramie/Polyester Blended Yarn

The effects of the blending ratio on the properties of Ramie/Polyester blended yarns are discussed in this paper. The experimental results show that the elongation of the yarn with the polyester content more than 40% is better than that of others. There is a lowest tenacity of the yarn corresponding to the blending ratio of 50/50 or so. The other properties of the yarn, such as the evenness and hairiness, will be improved with the increasing of the polyester content.

New Contour Detection Model Working on Gray-Scale Image of Blended Yarn Cross-Section

The traditional Contour Tracing algorithm works on the binary image. It is developed that a new model called Facula Diffusion which can work directly on gray-scaled images according to the principle of human vision. The diffusion operation is controlled by four factors including approximation, closing, length-limiting, and hit-rate. Based on this model, three shape indices, i. e., dimension index, abnormity index, and fluctuation index, were put forward to describe the shape of objects. The rule of shape indices selection was discussed subsequently. Finally, the fibers in polyester/cotton blended yam are classified and the blending ratio is determined.

Study on the Rotor Spinning Processing of Spun Silk/Cashmere Blended Yarn

This paper studies rotor spinning blended yam produced of spun silk and cashmere. Nine samples were spun, from three different opening rollers and different navels. According to the Uster test results of yam quality properties, optimum selection is done by using analysis method of combining fuzzy decision-making and fuzzy pattern classification. Experimental plan is designed based on universal rotated experimental design, and the method of confined optimization is used to optimize the speed of opening roller, the speed of rotor and twist factor, according to the results of yam quality test by Uster.

Effect of Changing Front Top Roller Pressure of Drafting Zone of a Ring Frame on the Quality of Cotton-Flax Blended Yarn

Pressure applied on the top roller of drafting zone is a vital factor on which the quality of ultimate yarn depends. Drafting zone is needed to reduce the mass per unit length of input material. Appropriate contact of top rollers with bottom rollers is necessary to ensure proper drafting. In this paper, the effects of different front top roller pressure of drafting zone on the quality of 20Ne cotton-flax blended yarns (C:L = 45:55) were studied. It was observed that a higher pressure value gives a lower co-efficient of mass variation, imperfections, hairiness and higher evenness, tenacity, elongation properties.

Finishing Effect on Warmth Property of Cotton/Kapok Blended Knitted Fabric

Nowadays,more and more natural or functional fibers are being investigated due to their utilization in thermal underwear.Kapok fiber is one of the natural cellulosic fibers whose source is the kapok plant. It has hollow body and sealed tail,which exhibits desirable features required for functional textiles of this nature. In this study,cotton / kapok( 80 /20 by mass) blended yarn with two types of yarn size 18. 5 and 14. 8 tex,respectively are knitted into plain stitches. The fabrics are undergone with an optimal preparation plan according to orthogonal design. Then,after dyeing and softening,fabric properties including thermal and water-vapour resistances, wicking property, pilling behaviour, and surface morphology,are tested and scrutinized for their candidacy for thermal underwear. The results showed that cotton / kapok blended fabrics have good thermal resistance which is significantly higher than those of cotton / modal blended fabrics,and the same water vapour resistance compared with cotton / modal blended fabrics which are normally used as underwear. Cotton / modal blended knitted fabrics has better pilling grade than cotton / kapok blended fabrics. Meanwhile, the cotton / kapok blends fabrics have good wicking property. Collectively,it was concluded that cotton / kapok blended fabric was appropriate for thermal underwear. However,the main limitation of these fabrics is their pilling properties.

Study On Modification Of Kenaf and Its Spinning Blended With Cotton

This paper deals with the chemical treatment of kenaf fi-ber and the spinning of the kenaf yarn blended with cot-ton. The experimental results show that after being treated by alkli, the properties of kenaf fiber have im-proved obviously, which made it possible to produce the yarn of kenaf blended with cotton. The results are very helpful for the utilization of kenaf fiber.

生物基功能环保纱线的开发与应用现状

为深入探究生物基功能环保纱线的工艺措施,通过查阅大量有关文献进行归纳总结,得出不同类别生物基纤维的预处理、加工过程工艺参数设定、纺纱环境及工艺原则等。指出:对于强力比较低的生物基纤维需要进行自由开松,以避免损伤纤维;对于回潮率较高的生物基纤维,需控制好车间温湿度,使纤维最好处于放湿状态,以防止纤维缠绕胶辊;对于可纺性能比较差的生物基纤维,为不影响成纱强度,其占比不超过30%;对于易产生静电的生物基纤维,为提高其蓬松性,需对纤维喷洒预处理剂,且密封处理24 h以上;对于长度较长的生物基纤维,为减小纤维损伤,开清棉采用“以梳代打,减少落棉,降低打手速度”的原则,梳棉工序采取“低速度,大隔距,适当增加锡林刺辊线速比”的原则,实现纤维快速转移。

喷气涡流纺新型纱线开发探析

为提升开发喷气涡流纺纱线的技术水平,介绍喷气涡流纺纱在我国的发展历程及存在问题,对比环锭纺、转杯纺、喷气涡流纺的优势、局限及技术特性;详细分析喷气涡流纺开发多种纤维混纺纱、包芯包覆纱、有色纱等特色纱线开发途径;总结发展喷气涡流纺需注意的问题。指出:喷气涡流纺纱尚无法替代环锭纺与转杯纺;开发喷气涡流纺纱线产品时,应避免同质化竞争,合理配置纺纱速度,不断优化纺纱工艺配置,努力拓宽喷气涡流纺纱线的应用领域。

灰竹炭纤维/大麻纤维/Coolplus纤维/棉精梳混纺柔洁纱的可纺性研究与生产实践

本文结合生产实践,通过设备改造和半制品及纱测试,分析和讨论各因素对灰竹炭纤维/大麻纤维/Coolplus纤维/棉精梳混纺柔洁纱质量的影响,研究前纺工序和细纱工序通过优化工艺参数、采用新型纺纱专件、合理控制车间的温湿度等,明显地提高了灰竹炭纤维/大麻纤维/Coolplus纤维/棉精梳混纺柔洁纱质量。

抗菌热湿舒适复合功能服用面料的性能

为开发热湿条件下穿着健康舒适的抗菌服用面料,以桑蚕丝为经纱,蜂窝抗菌涤纶纤维、天丝、蜂窝抗紫外涤纶纤维、蜂窝玉石涤纶纤维等混纺为纬纱,通过改变纬纱种类、织物组织及纬密等设计并试织了A、B两个系列共16种织物;并对其吸湿速干、抗菌与热传递性能等进行测试,运用模糊综合分析法对其抗菌性能、热湿舒适性进行评价。结果表明:当纬纱中含有天丝成分时织物吸湿速干性能更佳,随着织物组织浮长变短、纬密增大,其吸湿速干性能整体呈下降趋势;织物具有优良的抗菌性,纬纱中蜂窝抗菌涤纶纤维含量越高,织物抗菌性能越好。织物热阻随着纬纱中天丝含量增加而减小,当含有蜂窝玉石涤纶纤维时织物热传递性能最佳;组织浮长更短的织物热传递性能更优。模糊综合分析结果表明,A系列中以天丝蜂窝抗菌涤纶纤维蜂窝抗紫外涤纶纤维(306010)为纬纱并以16枚加强纬缎织造的织物抗菌热湿舒适性能最佳,B系列中纬密为46根cm时织物抗菌热湿舒适性能最佳。

混纺比对PLA棉混纺纱力学性能的影响

为了研究混纺比对PLA棉混纺纱力学性能的影响关系,制备了PLA含量为10%~90%的9种混纺纱以及纯PLA纱、纯棉纱,并对其力学性能进行测试。将混纺纱中各组分纤维的强伸曲线用纯PLA纱和纯棉纱的强伸曲线替代,建立混纺纱强伸性能预测模型,以提升模型预测的精准度。结果表明:试验所用PLA/棉的临界混纺比为70/30,当PLA含量低于70%时,混纺纱的断裂强度随着PLA含量的增加逐渐下降,而断裂伸长率趋于稳定;当PLA含量高于70%时,混纺纱的断裂强度和断裂伸长率都逐渐增大;混纺纱力学性能指标的实测值与模型预测值具有高度一致性,体现了预测模型的准确性。认为该预测模型为预测混纺纱力学性能提供了一种比较简便的方法。

香蕉茎秆纤维/抗菌纤维混纺纱的制备及其性能

为促进天然香蕉茎秆纤维在纺织服装领域的应用,采用半精纺纺纱工艺,以香蕉茎秆纤维(BF)、优可丝安泰贝抗菌纤维(ATB)和稀土抑菌再生纤维素纤维(XT)为原料,制备了混纺比为50/50、65/35、70/30、85/15的8种BF/抗菌纤维混纺纱和1种BF纯纺纱,表征了纱线的线密度和捻度,探究了混纺比例与纱线力学性能、质量指标、抗菌性能的关系。结果表明,9种纱线实测的线密度和捻度与设计值存在偏差,但其偏差在允差范围内;ATB和XT的加入提高了BF纯纺纱的力学性能与抗菌性能,改善了BF纯纺纱的条干均匀度、毛羽指数、棉结、粗节、细节等质量指标,且香蕉/抗菌纤维混纺纱强度高、毛羽少、手感柔软,适宜开发各类机织和针织面料。

捻系数比对针织用棉汉麻混纺股线性能的影响

为探究棉汉麻混纺纱合股时捻系数比对股线性能的影响,将棉/汉麻65/3518.4 tex集聚纱以不同的捻系数比反向加捻为股线,对股线的强力、毛羽、条干、耐磨性能等进行测试,并对试验测试结果进行模糊综合评价。试验结果表明:当捻系数比在0.52~0.95时,随着捻系数比的增大,股线的断裂强力和断裂伸长率先减小后增大,3 mm毛羽数先增大后减小,耐磨性能逐渐提高;当捻系数比超过0.95后,3 mm毛羽数又开始增长,断裂伸长率逐渐减小。当捻系数比为0.95时,棉汉麻混纺股线的综合性能表现最好,考虑针织物织造需求和风格要求,可选择捻系数比在0.90~0.95的棉汉麻混纺股线。

共轭静电纺PLA/PU纳米纤维混纺纱的制备及性能表征

探讨了共轭静电纺PLA/PU纳米纤维混纺纱的制备及性能。通过共轭静电纺技术,结合PLA优良的可纺性和PU良好的力学性能,进行纳米纤维纺纱,制备连续均匀的PU纳米纤维纱和PLA纳米纤维纱,通过调整正负极推注速率实现PLA/PU纳米纤维混纺纱的制备。采用扫描电镜、红外光谱、热重分析仪等对所纺制纱线的结构与性能进行测试表征。结果表明:最佳纺纱工艺参数为纺丝正负极电压9.5 kV,正负针头呈与水平方向30°夹角向上倾斜,喇叭口转速400 r/min,卷绕辊转速5.3 r/min;PLA/PU纳米纤维混纺纱随着PLA喷丝量的增加,捻回角先增大达到平衡后略微减小,PLA/PU比例为3∶4时捻回角达到最大为39.54°,纱线直径波动范围最小,均匀性好,内部纤维粗细最均匀,孔隙率为34.04%,较纯PU明显提高;随着PLA喷丝量的增加,混纺纱断裂强力、断裂伸长、初始模量和断裂功逐渐降低。

酚醛纤维/聚酰亚胺纤维混纺纱开发

为了更好地利用酚醛纤维的热学性能开发适合应用的隔热织物,基于其纤维规格及性能,以聚酰亚胺纤维与其进行混纺,详述其原料处理、混纺比例、流程设计、梳理成条、粗纱、细纱工序的工艺要点,在尽可能提高酚醛纤维含量的基础上,纺制出酚醛纤维含量为40%~70%的4种32 tex混纺纱线,并对混纺纱的指标进行测试与分析。指出:在酚醛纤维/聚酰亚胺纤维混纺纱中,随着酚醛纤维含量增大,纱线的断裂强度、毛羽指数、条干CV值以及千米节结等质量指标均呈恶化趋势;酚醛纤维的含量最高能达到约70%水平。

基于聚酰亚胺纤维军用三角包扎巾混纺纱的开发

为了提高军用三角包扎巾的性能,采用抗静电剂对聚酰亚胺纤维进行预处理并设计混纺纱工艺流程,以聚酰亚胺纤维和新丽赛纤维为原料,成功纺制聚酰亚胺纤维含量为30%,40%和50%,号数为18.4 tex的混纺纱;对混纺纱的强力、毛羽和条干不匀率进行测试分析,利用模糊综合评价法综合评判出最优混纺比例纱线并试织小样、测试指标。指出:当聚酰亚胺纤维含量增大时,混纺纱的强伸性能增强,毛羽和条干性能逐渐恶化;聚酰亚胺纤维比电阻高、回潮率低,在纺纱时需要对其进行抗静电预处理;聚酰亚胺纤维/新丽赛纤维混纺比例为50/50的纱线综合性能最好,所制三角包扎巾满足YY/T 1467—2016标准要求,且具有止血抗菌性能。

壳聚糖/棉混纺纱线前处理工艺研究

壳聚糖纤维具有天然抗菌性,与棉纤维混纺可提高产品附加值,但前处理工艺的不当易引起混纺纱中壳聚糖的损失。为探究壳聚糖/棉混纺纱线的最优前处理工艺,讨论了前处理工艺中纯碱用量、烧碱用量、处理温度及时间对壳聚糖/棉混纺纱线性能的影响。试验结果表明:处理温度在前处理中是主要因素,对混纺纱线的性能影响最大;其次是碱种类及其用量,烧碱前处理的纱线白度更高,纯碱处理的纱线白度较低,但壳聚糖含量降低较少;前处理时间对混纺纱线的性能影响最小。染浅色时最佳前处理工艺为:烧碱1.5 g/L,H 2O 24 g/L,80℃,50 min;染中深色时最佳前处理工艺为:纯碱4 g/L,H 2O 24 g/L,70℃,50 min。在保证壳聚糖含量的前提下,应尽量提高壳聚糖/棉混纺纱线的单纱断裂强力、白度和芯吸高度等性能。