Multi-Scale Convolutional Gated Recurrent Unit Networks for Tool Wear Prediction in Smart Manufacturing

As an integrated application of modern information technologies and artificial intelligence,Prognostic and Health Management(PHM)is important for machine health monitoring.Prediction of tool wear is one of the symbolic applications of PHM technology in modern manufacturing systems and industry.In this paper,a multi-scale Convolutional Gated Recurrent Unit network(MCGRU)is proposed to address raw sensory data for tool wear prediction.At the bottom of MCGRU,six parallel and independent branches with different kernel sizes are designed to form a multi-scale convolutional neural network,which augments the adaptability to features of different time scales.These features of different scales extracted from raw data are then fed into a Deep Gated Recurrent Unit network to capture long-term dependencies and learn significant representations.At the top of the MCGRU,a fully connected layer and a regression layer are built for cutting tool wear prediction.Two case studies are performed to verify the capability and effectiveness of the proposed MCGRU network and results show that MCGRU outperforms several state-of-the-art baseline models.

Exertional heat stroke with pronounced presentation of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia:A case report

BACKGROUND Exertional heat stroke(EHS)is a critical condition arising from prolonged physical exertion in high temperatures that typically presents with normal hemoglobin levels.However,atypical presentations can also occur,leading to significant complications such as hemolytic anemia and organ dysfunction.CASE SUMMARY This case report describes a male patient who experienced moderate-to-severe anemia that was difficult to correct,with a confirmed diagnosis of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia accompanying multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,indicative of critical EHS.Despite intensive resuscitation efforts,the patient’s condition deteriorated,necessitating admission to the intensive care unit for advanced management.CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of EHS,particularly that with significant hemolytic anemia and concurrent organ failure.Clinicians should maintain a high level of suspicion for these complications in patients displaying symptoms of heat-related illness,especially when caused by strenuous activity,as early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to improve patient outcomes.

Multi-Scale Fusion Model Based on Gated Recurrent Unit for Enhancing Prediction Accuracy of State-of-Charge in Battery Energy Storage Systems

Accurate prediction of the state-of-charge(SOC)of battery energy storage system(BESS)is critical for its safety and lifespan in electric vehicles.To overcome the imbalance of existing methods between multi-scale feature fusion and global feature extraction,this paper introduces a novel multi-scale fusion(MSF)model based on gated recurrent unit(GRU),which is specifically designed for complex multi-step SOC prediction in practical BESSs.Pearson correlation analysis is first employed to identify SOC-related parameters.These parameters are then input into a multi-layer GRU for point-wise feature extraction.Concurrently,the parameters undergo patching before entering a dual-stage multi-layer GRU,thus enabling the model to capture nuanced information across varying time intervals.Ultimately,by means of adaptive weight fusion and a fully connected network,multi-step SOC predictions are rendered.Following extensive validation over multiple days,it is illustrated that the proposed model achieves an absolute error of less than 1.5%in real-time SOC prediction.

Landslide susceptibility prediction using slope unit-based machine learning models considering the heterogeneity of conditioning factors

To perform landslide susceptibility prediction(LSP),it is important to select appropriate mapping unit and landslide-related conditioning factors.The efficient and automatic multi-scale segmentation(MSS)method proposed by the authors promotes the application of slope units.However,LSP modeling based on these slope units has not been performed.Moreover,the heterogeneity of conditioning factors in slope units is neglected,leading to incomplete input variables of LSP modeling.In this study,the slope units extracted by the MSS method are used to construct LSP modeling,and the heterogeneity of conditioning factors is represented by the internal variations of conditioning factors within slope unit using the descriptive statistics features of mean,standard deviation and range.Thus,slope units-based machine learning models considering internal variations of conditioning factors(variant slope-machine learning)are proposed.The Chongyi County is selected as the case study and is divided into 53,055 slope units.Fifteen original slope unit-based conditioning factors are expanded to 38 slope unit-based conditioning factors through considering their internal variations.Random forest(RF)and multi-layer perceptron(MLP)machine learning models are used to construct variant Slope-RF and Slope-MLP models.Meanwhile,the Slope-RF and Slope-MLP models without considering the internal variations of conditioning factors,and conventional grid units-based machine learning(Grid-RF and MLP)models are built for comparisons through the LSP performance assessments.Results show that the variant Slopemachine learning models have higher LSP performances than Slope-machine learning models;LSP results of variant Slope-machine learning models have stronger directivity and practical application than Grid-machine learning models.It is concluded that slope units extracted by MSS method can be appropriate for LSP modeling,and the heterogeneity of conditioning factors within slope units can more comprehensively reflect the relationships between conditioning factors and landslides.The research results have important reference significance for land use and landslide prevention.

First Italian outbreak of VIM-producing Serratia marcescens in an adult polyvalent intensive care unit, August-October 2018: A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae has become a significant public health concern as hospital outbreaks are now being frequently reported and these organisms are becoming difficult to treat with the available antibiotics.CASE SUMMARY An outbreak of VIM-producing Serratia marcescens occurred over a period of 11 wk(August,1 to October,18)in patients admitted to the adult polyvalent intensive care unit of the University of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”located in Naples.Four episodes occurred in three patients(two patients infected,and one patient colonized).All the strains revealed the production of VIM.CONCLUSION After three decades of carbapenem antibiotics use,the emergence of carbapenemresistance in Enterobacteriaceae has become a significant concern and a stricter control to preserve its clinical application is mandatory.This is,to our knowledge,the first outbreak of VIM-producing Serratia marcescens in Europe.Surveillance policies must be implemented to avoid future outbreaks.

Establishing a measurement,reporting,and verification system for climate finance in post-Paris agreement period

The measurement,reporting,and verification(MRV) of climate finance was originated from discussions under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC).It has been one of the key issues of global climate negotiations since 2009 and will continue to be of significant importance in addressing climate change and strengthening international trust.This paper analyses the concept,the objective,and the progress of the MRV of climate finance based on reviews of the latest literature and think-tank reports regarding climate finance regime and MRV.Following the analysis,challenges faced with the MRV of climate finance are illustrated.This paper presents that the comparability of climate finance data needs to be improved due to the variety of methodologies used for disaggregating climate finance.In addition,the integrality of the MRV system of climate finance has been impaired by the lack of feedback mechanism from the recipients to the contributors in reporting system.Furthermore,although accounting system of climate finance has been developing and improving,it remains incapacity in providing accurate data on disbursed climate finance.Responding to the above challenges,this paper proposes the key tasks in establishing a comprehensive MRV system for climate finance at international level.The tasks involve developing a measurement system with consistent data basis and accounting basis,a reporting system with more detailed guidance and standardized formats,as well as a verification mechanism balancing top-down and bottom-up review processes.In the last section,this paper concludes that the establishment of an improved MRV of climate finance requires concerted cooperation and negotiations between developed and developing country Parties under the UNFCCC.As one of the few developing country donors to the Global Environmental Facility(GEF),China is suggested to clarify its propositions as a developing country in aspects such as concept,coverage,and architecture of climate finance and MRV system,and gain bargaining power in improving operating and technical rules of international climate finance regime.

Delayed diagnosis of arytenoid cartilage dislocation after tracheal intubation in the intensive care unit:A case report

BACKGROUND Arytenoid cartilage dislocation is a rare and often overlooked complication of tracheal intubation or blunt laryngeal trauma.The most common symptom is persistent hoarseness.Although cases of arytenoid dislocation due to tracheal intubation are reported more frequently in otolaryngology,reports on its occurrence in the intensive care unit(ICU)are lacking.We report a case of delayed diagnosis of arytenoid cartilage dislocation after tracheal intubation in the ICU.CASE SUMMARY A 20-year-old woman was referred to the ICU following a fall from a height.Her voice was normal;laryngeal computed tomography showed unremarkable findings on admission.However,due to deterioration of the patient’s condition,tracheal intubation,and emergency exploratory laparotomy followed by laparoscopic surgery two d later under general anesthesia were performed.After extubation,the patient was sedated and could not communicate effectively.On the 10th day after extubation,the patient complained of hoarseness and coughing with liquids,which was attributed to laryngeal edema and is common after tracheal intubation.Therefore,specific treatment was not administered.However,the patient’s symptoms did not improve.Five d later,an electronic laryngoscope examination revealed dislocation of the left arytenoid cartilage.The patient underwent arytenoid closed reduction under general anesthesia by an experienced otolaryngologist.Reported symptoms improved subsequently.The sixmonth follow up revealed that the hoarseness had resolved within four weeks of the reduction procedure.CONCLUSION Symptoms of arytenoid cartilage dislocation are difficult to identify in the ICU leading to missed or delayed diagnosis among patients.

United Nations Environment Programme’s 2018 Observer Activities Report to the Arctic Council

I. The Organization’s contributions to the work of the Arctic Council’s Working Groups, Task Forces, and/or Expert Groups The United Nations Environment Programme (UN Environment) has been active as an Observer to the Arctic Council since 1996, taking part in the Council’s Ministerial, Senior Arctic Officials meetings and, together with its collaborating centre GRID-Arendal in Norway and the UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) in the UK, has engaged actively in the efforts of most of the Council’s scientific and technical working groups. As the United Nation’s organization setting the global environmental agenda and along with the Multilateral Environmental Agreement (MEA) it administers—including those on biological diversity, hazardous waste, chemicals and mercury—UN Environment has facilitated global outreach for some of the Council’s work. Notably, UN Environment continues to provide technical support on a number of assessment and monitoring activities as described below.

Using Hybrid Penalty and Gated Linear Units to Improve Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks for Single-Channel Speech Enhancement

Recently,speech enhancement methods based on Generative Adversarial Networks have achieved good performance in time-domain noisy signals.However,the training of Generative Adversarial Networks has such problems as convergence difficulty,model collapse,etc.In this work,an end-to-end speech enhancement model based on Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks is proposed,and some improvements have been made in order to get faster convergence speed and better generated speech quality.Specifically,in the generator coding part,each convolution layer adopts different convolution kernel sizes to conduct convolution operations for obtaining speech coding information from multiple scales;a gated linear unit is introduced to alleviate the vanishing gradient problem with the increase of network depth;the gradient penalty of the discriminator is replaced with spectral normalization to accelerate the convergence rate of themodel;a hybrid penalty termcomposed of L1 regularization and a scale-invariant signal-to-distortion ratio is introduced into the loss function of the generator to improve the quality of generated speech.The experimental results on both TIMIT corpus and Tibetan corpus show that the proposed model improves the speech quality significantly and accelerates the convergence speed of the model.

Boosting genome editing in plants with single transcript unit surrogate reporter systems

CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing holds immense promise for advancing plant genomics and crop enhancement.However,the challenge of low editing activity complicates the identification of editing events.In this study,we introduce multiple single transcript unit surrogate reporter(STU-SR)systems to enhance the selection of genome-edited plants.These systems use the same single guide RNAs designed for endogenous genes to edit reporter genes,establishing a direct link between reporter gene editing activity and that of endogenous genes.Various strategies are used to restore functional reporter genes after genome editing,including efficient single-strand annealing(SSA)for homologous recombination in STUSR-SSA systems.STU-SR-base editor systems leverage base editing to reinstate the start codon,enriching C-to-T and A-to-G base editing events.Our results showcase the effectiveness of these STU-SR systems in enhancing genome editing events in the monocot rice,encompassing Cas9 nuclease-based targeted mutagenesis,cytosine base editing,and adenine base editing.The systems exhibit compatibility with Cas9 variants,such as the PAM-less SpRY,and are shown to boost genome editing in Brassica oleracea,a dicot vegetable crop.In summary,we have developed highly efficient and versatile STU-SR systems for enrichment of genome-edited plants.

基于“涉华报告”的英国情报机构对华“威胁”认知研究

[研究目的]近年来,英国情报机构不断对外散布中国“威胁”认知,对此问题的探析,有助于更好应对国际挑战。[研究方法]以英国发布涉华报告为起点,在总结、归纳其情报体系三级架构基础上,借用社会学框构视角,剖析英国情报机构塑造对华“威胁”认知中使用的“聚焦”“桥接”“转换”等手法。[研究结论]通过研究发现,英国情报机构对华“威胁”认知的塑造,是其利用情报泛安全化迎合美国、借助情报意识形态化制造对立、主动设计情报以服务政治需要等综合作用的结果。对此,在重视对英美等西方情报界动向的基础上,既要加强情报的研判、预警能力建设,更要加强情报斗争能力和话语权建设,以铸牢国家安全底线。

商品煤质量指标分单元检测结果加权方式的探讨

商品煤检测过程中,整批货物通常划分为多个单元进行检测,检测结果合并加权得到该批货物总报告结果。总报告的现行通用加权方式为:以分单元空气干燥基结果进行加权,报检单元煤炭质量(简称单元煤量)为加权权重,先计算得到总报告空气干燥基结果,再由空气干燥基结果进行不同基态的结果换算。在分析相关问题研究过程中发现,采用单元煤量换算至空气干燥基状态下的质量进行加权,更能反映整批货物真实的质量指标。

建设方视角下的建筑工程检测管理

随着城市建设的发展,在建筑建设领域,建设单位委托第三方工程质量检测单位进行项目全过程质量把控参与度越来越深,为此,论文以建设单位视角论述第三方检测单位在建设中的管理重要意义、存在的问题,提出了把控要点及解决方法,为落实建设单位质量、安全首要责任制,提升工程质量,保证安全,进一步健全工程质量责任体系提供建议,同时为各参建方在建设过程中的检测管理提供参考。

“双碳”目标下开展能源利用状况报告工作的几点思考

对能源利用状况报告的基本情况及国家对此项工作的部署进行了论述,并结合“双碳”工作的最新要求,分析了“双碳”目标下能源利用状况报告工作所存在的问题,并就此提出了几点思考,以期促进能源利用状况报告工作的开展能够为“双碳”目标的实现发挥促进作用。

北斗三号短报文在水文自动测报系统中的应用研究

为保障在极端自然灾害条件下水文自动测报系统中应用北斗三号短报文可靠传输数据,研究北斗三号短报文的技术特点和发送接收方式,结合水文自动测报系统的应用需求,提出在自动测报系统中应用北斗三号短报文传输和接收数据的技术方案。分析北斗三号短报文应用特点,以常用的雨水情遥测站为例总结北斗三号通信终端的集成方式、现场应用环境条件、遵循的通信协议和控制流程,选取适合的链路传输模式和报文编报方式,提出一种采用前置机FIU接收短报文的方案,分析其他北斗三号短报文数据接收方式的特点。应用北斗三号短报文可保障遥测站的数据稳定、可靠传输和接收,作为通信信道可广泛应用于各类型水文自动测报系统。

中外金融资产转移会计准则差异初探

2005年,我国财政部会计准则委员会(CASC)与国际会计准则理事会(IASB)签署联合声明,标志着中国企业会计准则(CAS)与国际财务报告准则(IFRS)趋同进程的开启。虽然双方在趋同方面达成了初步共识,并于2007年正式施行修订后的《企业会计准则》。然而,尽管趋同目标逐步实现,两套准则之间仍存在较多差异,导致在实际应用中影响财务信息的可比性和透明度。本文聚焦《企业会计准则第23号——金融资产转移》与《国际会计准则第9号——金融工具》之间的差异,通过准则内容的详细比较,探讨这些差异背后的原因,并提出优化建议。

Tuberculosis septic shock, an elusive pathophysiology and hurdles in management: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a rare etiology of the septic shock. Timely administration of the anti-microbial agents has shown mortality benefit. Prompt diagnosis and a high index of suspicion are crucial to the management. We present three cases of TBSS with poor outcome in the majority despite timely and susceptible antibiotic administration. CASE SUMMARY Sixty-seven-year-old woman with latent TB presented with fever, cough, and shortness of breath. She was promptly diagnosed with active TB and started on the appropriate anti-microbial regimen;she had a worsening clinical course with septic shock and multi-organ failure after initiation of antibiotics. Thirty-threeyear- old man immunocompromised with acquired immune deficiency syndrome presented with fever, anorexia and weight loss. He had no respiratory symptoms, and first chest X-ray was normal. He had enlarged liver, spleen and lymph nodes suspicious for lymphoma. Despite broad-spectrum antibiotics, he succumbed to refractory septic shock and multi-organ failure. It was shortly before his death that anti-TB antimicrobials were initiated based on pathology reports of bone marrow and lymph node biopsies. Forty-nine-year-old woman with asthma and latent TB admitted with cough and shortness of breath. Although Initial sputum analysis was negative, a subsequent broncho-alveolar lavage turned out to be positive for acid fast bacilli followed by initiation of susceptible ant-TB regimen. She had a downward spiral clinical course with shock, multi-organ failure and finally death. CONCLUSION Worse outcome despite timely initiation of appropriate antibiotics raises suspicion of TB immune reconstitution as a possible pathogenesis for TB septic shock.