Detection of circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells in peripheral venous blood by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

Objective: To detect circulating hepatocellular carcino-ma by demonstrating hepatocellular carcinoma cells orhepatocyte-associated mRNA in the nuclear cell com-ponent of peripheral blood (PBL).Methods: Peripheral blood (5 ml) samples were ob-tained from 93 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and from 33 control subjects (9 with liver cir-rhosis after hepatitis B,14 with chronic hepatitis B,10with normal liver function). To identify HCC cells inperipheral blood, liver-specific human alpha-fetopro-tein (AFP) mRNA was amplified from total RNA ex-tracted from whole blood by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Results: AFPmRNA was detected in 50 blood samplesfrom the HCC patients (50/93, 53.8%). In contrast,there were no clinical control patients whose samplesshowed detectable AFPmRNA in PBL. The presence ofAFPmRNA in blood seemed to be correlated with thestage (by TNM classification) of HCC, the serum AFPvalue, and the presence of intrahepatic metastasis,portal vein thrombosis, tumor diameter and/or distantmetastasis. In addition, AFPmRNA was detected in theblood of 21 patients with metastasis at extrahepaticorgans (100%) in contrast to 29 (40.3%)of 72 pa-tients without metastasis.Conclusion: The presence of AFPmRNA in peripheralblood may be an indicator of malignant hepatocytes,which might predict hematogenous spreading metasta-sis of tumor cells in patients with HCC.

Exogenous reference gene normalization for real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis under dynamic endogenous transcription

Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （qPCR） is widely used to investigate transcriptional changes following experimental manipulations to the nervous system. Despite the widespread utilization of qPCR, the interpretation of results is marred by the lack of a suitable reference gene due to the dynamic nature of endogenous transcription. To address this inherent deficiency, we investigated the use of an exogenous spike-in mRNA, luciferase, as an internal reference gene for the 2ct normalization method. To induce dynamic transcription, we systemically administered capsaicin, a neurotoxJn selective for C-type sensory neurons expressing the TRPV-1 receptor, to adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. We later isolated nodose ganglia for qPCR analysis with the reference being either exogenous luciferase mRNA or the commonly used endogenous reference 13-111 tubulin. The exogenous luciferase mRNA reference clearly demonstrated the dynamic expression of the endogenous reference. Furthermore, variability of the endogenous reference would lead to misinterpretation of other genes of interest. In conclusion, traditional reference genes are often unstable under physiologically normal situations, and certainly unstable following the damage to the nervous system. The use of exogenous spike-in reference provides a consistent and easily implemented alternative for the analysis of qPCR data.

Positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay results in patients recovered from COVID-19: Report of two cases

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has spread around the globe.On February 28,2020,the World Health Organization adjusted the risk of spread and impact of COVID-19 to“very high”at the global level.Studies have mainly focused on the etiology,epidemiology,and treatment of COVID-19 to limit further spread and the negative impact of the disease,while less attention has been devoted to the follow-up and reexamination of patients who recovered from COVID-19 or were released from quarantine.CASE SUMMARY This study reports two cases where patients who had negative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)test results and met the criteria for discharge subsequently had positive RT-PCR test results.The clinical manifestations and computed tomography(CT)findings of these patients were examined.The conversion of RT-PCR test results in these two patients may be related to false-negative and false-positive outcomes of the test.CT images helped track improvement of pulmonary lesions.CONCLUSION The timing of discharge of COVID-19 patients should be determined by comprehensive analysis of CT images and RT-PCR test results.

Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in the peripheral blood with reverse--transcription polymerase chain reaction

In order to detect circulating cells of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in the peripheral blood with reverse transcripition polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR ), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP ) mRNA was tested in the blood samples of 113 cases of HCC and 69 controls (including 30 cases of liver cirrhosis, 9 cases of metastatic liver cancer and 30 normal subjects). 20/43 (46. 5% ) cases of HCC and 2/30 (6. 7% ) cases of liver cirrhosis are positive and the cases of nletastatic liver cancer and normal controls were negative for human AFP(hAFP) rnRNA. The presence of hAFP mRNA in the peripheral blood seems to be correlated with intrahepatic and distant nletastasls of HCC and portal vein thrombosis. It is concluded that the presence of hAFP mRNA in the peripheral hloocl is an indicator of circulating HCC cells and can be used to diagnose the rnetastasisof HCC through henlatogenous route and RT-PCR amplification of hAFP mRNA is a sensitive and specificprocedure for detecting circulating cells of HCC.

Selection and Evaluation of Optimal Reference Genes for Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction Analyses of Gene Expression in Human Spermatozoa

Objective:Optimal reference genes are critical for accurate normalization and reliable interpretation of gene expression quantification data.Recently,several strategies have been utilized for validating reference genes in different human tissues.However,no universal reference genes have been described that accurately summarize transcriptional activity in human spermatozoa.Methods:Using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),we evaluated ten commonly used candidate reference genes between two groups of human cryopreserved donor sperm with different pregnancy rates.We assessed the stability of reference genes using three different algorithms,namely geNorm,NormFinder,and BestKeeper.We then identified the most stable reference genes.Results:Male-enhanced antigen 1(MEA1)was identified as the most stably expressed reference gene,followed by testis-enhanced gene transcript(TEGT).Conclusions:We comprehensively identified MEA1 and TEGT as the most stably expressed reference genes for the normalization of gene expression data in human spermatozoa.

Diagnosis of West Nile virus infections:Evaluation of different laboratory methods

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of West Nile virus(WNV)is challenging due to short-term and low-level viremia,flavivirus cross-reactivity,and long immunoglobulin M(IgM)persistence.AIM To evaluate different methods for WNV detection[reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),IgM/IgG antibodies,IgG avidity]in serum,cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),and urine samples of patients with confirmed WNV infection.METHODS The study included patients with confirmed WNV neuroinvasive infection(n=62),asymptomatic WNV seropositive individuals(n=22),and individuals with false-positive WNV IgM antibodies(n=30).WNV RNA was detected using RT-PCR.A commercial ELISA was used to detect WNV IgM/IgG antibodies with confirmation of cross-reactive samples using a virus neutralization test(VNT).IgG-positive samples were tested for IgG avidity.RESULTS The WNV-RNA detection rates were significantly higher in the urine(54.5%)/serum(46.4%)than in CSF(32.2%).According to the sampling time,the WNV-RNA detection rates in urine collected within 7 days/8-14/≥15 days were 29.4/66.6/62.5%(P=0.042).However,these differences were not observed in the CSF.The median RT-PCR cycle threshold values were significantly lower in urine(32.5,IQR=28-34)than in CSF(34.5,IQR=33-36).The frequency of positive WNV IgM and IgG significantly differed according to the sampling time in serum but not in CSF.Positive IgM/IgG antibodies were detected in 84.3/9.3%of serum samples collected within 7 days,100/71.1%of samples collected 8-14,and 100%samples collected after≥15 days.Recent WNV infection was confirmed by low/borderline avidity index(AI)in 13.6%of asymptomatic individuals.A correlation between ELISA and AI was strong negative for IgM and strong positive for IgG.No significant correlation between ELISA IgG and VNT was found.CONCLUSION The frequency of WNV RNA and antibody detection depends on the sampling time and type of clinical samples.IgG avidity could differentiate recent WNV infections from long-persisting IgM antibodies.

Multiplex RT-PCR-based detections of CEA, CK20 and EGFR in colorectal cancer patients

AIM: To develop a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method detecting cir-culating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 88 CRC patients and 40 healthy individuals from the blood donors' clinic and subsequently analyzed by multiplex RT-RCR for the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA. The analysis involved determining the detection rates of CEA, CK20 and EGFR transcripts vs disease stage and overall survival. Median follow-up period was 19 mo (range 8-28 mo). RESULTS: Rates of CEA, CK20 and EGFR detection in CRC patients were 95.5%, 78.4% and 19.3%, respectively. CEA transcripts were detected in 3 healthy volunteer samples (7.5%), whereas all control samples were tested negative for CK20 and EGFR transcripts. The increasing number of positive detections for CEA, CK20 and EGFR transcripts in each blood sample was positively correlated with Astler-Coller disease stage (P< 0.001) and preoperative serum levels of CEA (P=0.029) in CRC patients. Data analysis using Kaplan-Meier estimator documented signif icant differences in the overall survival of the different CRC patient groups as formed according to the increasing number of positivity for CEA, CK20 and EGFR transcripts. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that multiplex RTPCR assay can provide useful information concerning disease stage and overall survival of CRC patients.

鉴别猪瘟强毒和弱毒的反转录-复合套式聚合酶链式反应(RT-nPCR)检测方法的建立

【目的】建立一种能区分猪瘟病毒(classicalswinefever,CSFV)强毒和弱毒的反转录-复合套式聚合酶链式反应(RT-nPCR)检测方法。【方法】根据GenBank上登录的现有CSFV基因组全序列,选择高度保守区设计了一对CSFV通用引物,并在该对引物跨越区域的内部设计了猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗和强毒特异性引物,建立了一种能区分猪瘟强毒和弱毒的RT-nPCR鉴别诊断方法。【结果】应用该方法从猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗和石门强毒株基因组中扩增出了大小分别为447和343bp的一条特异性片段,从两种病毒基因组混合物中扩增出了大小为447和343bp的两条特异性片段,但对牛病毒性腹泻病毒和其它常见猪源病毒细胞培养物以及正常细胞基因组进行检测时均为阴性。该方法可以检测出0.04pg的CSFVRNA。对从黑龙江省采集的15份疑似猪瘟病料进行了检测,结果表明,有14份类似猪瘟强毒,1份类似弱毒疫苗。限制性片段长度多态性和种系发生分析证实了RT-nPCR的检测结果。【结论】本研究建立的RT-nPCR可以有效区分猪瘟强毒和弱毒,减少了未感染的免疫猪被误杀的可能性。

上海市儿童下呼吸道感染常见病毒诊断方法比较

目的应用直接免疫荧光法(DFA)和多重逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽分泌物的常见病毒进行检测,比较2种方法的符合率并评估其临床应用价值。方法选取急性呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽分泌物540例,分别用DFA和多重RT-PCR进行检测,分析其结果。结果 DFA检测阳性率为43.9%(237/540),多重RT-PCR检测阳性率为55.7%(301/540),多重RT-PCR阳性检出率显著高于DFA的阳性检出率(χ2=29.093,P<0.01)。DFA和多重RT-PCR同时阳性163例,DFA阳性而多重RT-PCR阴性74例,多重RT-PCR阳性而DFA阴性138例,DFA和多重RT-PCR同时阴性165例。DFA和多重RT-PCR同时为阳性的163例标本中,有15例标本两者检测结果不一致,符合率为91.0%。结论 DFA快速、简便、特异性及敏感性高,适用于临床检测。多重RT-PCR的敏感性高,检测病毒谱广,且可以做亚型鉴定,适用于呼吸道病毒流行病学的调查。

多重RT-PCR快速检测鉴别H7亚型禽流感病毒方法的建立

目的参考AIVM基因和HA基因序列,设计了两对引物。其中XZ145-2和XZ146为通用引物,可以检测所有亚型AIV,跨幅244bp;XZH7-1和XZH7-2为H7亚型特异性引物,跨幅634bp。利用这两对引物,通过对多重RT-PCR扩增条件的优化,成功建立了快速检测鉴别H7亚型AIV的多重RT-PCR技术。特异性和敏感性试验结果表明,该技术对H7亚型AIV同时扩增出两条大小分别为244bp和634bp的cDNA片段,对其他亚型AIV只扩增出244bp的cDNA片段,对其他常见禽病病原无特异性扩增,结果为阴性;该多重RT-PCR对AIVRNA的最低检出量为1pg,对H7亚型AIVRNA的最低检出量为10pg。

流感病毒快速检测方法特异性和敏感性研究

目的比较多重逆转录聚合酶链反应（mRT—PCR）和胶体金法检测流感病毒的敏感性和特异性。方法采用mRT—PCR和胶体金法检测经细胞培养和红细胞凝集抑制试验（HI）鉴定为A／H1、A／H3、B型流感病毒的鼻咽拭标本78份，阴性鼻咽拭标本40份，并对已稀释成10^1～10^5病毒半数感染量（TCID50）／0．1mL的3株H1、H3、B型流感病毒进行敏感性试验。结果toRT—PCR对A型流感病毒的检测敏感性为44．8％，特异性为97．5％；对B型流感病毒检测敏感性为20．0％，特异性为100．0％。胶体金法对A型流感病毒检测敏感性为44．8％，特异性为100．0％；对B型流感病毒检测敏感性为5．0％，特异性为97．5％。对经20代内狗肾细胞（MDCK）分离培养阳性的4份A／H1、4份A／H3和3份B型流感培养液，mRT—PCR和胶体金法检测的阳性符合率与型别符合率均为100．0％。mRT—PCR检测流感病毒敏感性为10^3TCID50／0．1mL；胶体金法检测的敏感性为10^3TCID50／0．1mL。结论toRT—PCR和胶体金法的敏感性与特异性无差异；mRT—PCR和胶体金法均可用于人群流感鼻咽拭标本流感病毒快速检测，特别是聚集性暴发流感患者，建议采样时标本数要适当放大2～3倍。mRT—PCR可进一步确定流感病毒的H1和H3亚型。

多重聚合酶链反应和反向线性点杂交技术在常见呼吸道病毒检测中的应用

目的应用多重聚合酶链反应(mPCR)扩增基因技术和反向线性点杂交技术(RLB)相结合的方法从基因水平建立常见呼吸道病毒的检测方法。方法根据常见的7种呼吸道病毒包括流感病毒A,副流感病毒1、2、3型,腺病毒1型,呼吸道合胞病毒A、B型的特点设计特异性的引物和探针,应用mPCR/RLB技术对常见的7种病毒株进行检测,建立研究方法。结果使用特异性引物对7种病毒株的基因进行mPCR,均得到相应的目标扩增产物,扩增条带清晰,与目标片段一致。7种病毒株的PCR产物与特异性探针杂交,均可得到清晰的杂交模式,并且彼此之间没有交叉反应,与作为阳性对照的细菌标准菌株亦没有交叉反应。结论 mPCR和RLB相结合是从基因水平检测常见呼吸道病毒的方法 。

多重反转录聚合酶链反应快速检测鉴别H9亚型禽流感病毒方法的建立

目的参考AIV M基因和HA基因序列,设计了两对引物。其中XZ145-2和XZ146为通用引物,可以检测所有亚型AIV,跨幅244 bp;XZ H9-1和XZ H9-2为H9亚型特异性引物,跨幅488 bp。方法利用这两对引物,通过对多重RT-PCR扩增条件的优化,成功建立了快速检测鉴别H9亚型AIV的多重RT-PCR技术。结果与结论特异性和敏感性试验结果表明,该技术对H9亚型AIV同时扩增出两条大小分别为244 bp和488 bp的cDNA片段,对其他亚型AIV只扩增出244bp的cDNA片段,对其他常见禽病病原无特异性扩增,结果为阴性;该多重RT-PCR的通用引物对AIV RNA的最低检出量为1pg,对H9亚型RNA的最低检出量为10 pg。

检测和鉴别犬瘟热病毒强、弱毒株的复合反转录-套式聚合酶链式反应(RT-nPCR)的建立及初步应用

根据GenBank上登录的犬瘟热病毒(Canine distemper virus,CDV)基因组全序列,选择CDV强、弱毒株间有区别保守区设计了一对通用引物P1和P4,并在该对引物跨越区域的内部设计了CDV强毒株特异性引物P2及弱毒株特异性引物P3,用引物P1/P4进行RT-PCR,然后用引物P2/P3/P4进行复合套式PCR,建立了一种能区分CDV强、弱毒株的复合反转录-套式聚合酶链式反应(RT-nPCR)的鉴别诊断方法。应用该方法从CDV强、弱毒株的基因组中分别扩增出了大小为247bp和177bp的特异性片段,从两种病毒基因组混合物中扩增出了大小为247bp和177bp的两条特异性片段,与犬细小病毒、犬腺病毒、犬冠状病毒、狂犬病病毒、新城疫病毒的细胞培养物以及正常细胞对照组进行复合RT-nPCR扩增时均为阴性。对从黑龙江省和吉林省采集的20份疑似CDV病料进行的检测结果表明,有15份类似CDV强毒,5份类似CDV弱毒。本研究建立的复合RT-nPCR可以有效检测CDV感染,能够将强、弱毒株区分开,可用于临床快速检测、流行病学监测以及追踪疫苗免疫效果等。

鸭甲肝病毒与新型呼肠孤病毒复合RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据鸭甲肝病毒(Duck hepatitis A virus,DHAV)的3D基因序列和新型鸭呼肠孤病毒(Novel Duck reovirus,NDRV)的S3基因序列,分别设计了1对特异性引物,通过条件优化建立了鉴别DHAV和NDRV的复合RT-PCR方法。该方法对DHAV和NDRV的最低检出量均为100 copies,而对番鸭呼肠孤病毒(Muscovy duck reovirus,MDRV)、鸭瘟病毒(Duck plague virus,DPV)、鸭坦布苏病毒(Duck Tembusu virus,DTMUV)和鸭副粘病毒(Duck paramyxo virus,NDV)的检测结果均为阴性。临床样品的检测结果显示,该方法是一种快速鉴别诊断DHAV和NDRV感染的有效手段。

Combination of Cytogenetic Analysis and Molecular Screening in Patients with de novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Nowadays the role of genetic findings in determining the diagnosis,therapy and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia(AML) has become more valuable.To improve and validate the detection of clonal chromosomal aberrations in leukemia,we designed a combined application of karyotyping with multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH),and addressed the expression and distribution of fusion genes among the subtypes of Chinese adult patients with de novo AML.Multiplex RT-PCR assays were performed on 477 samples from newly diagnosed AML patients,and cytogenetic data were obtained from 373 of them by R or G banding techniques and those in some cases were confirmed by FISH.The PCR products in some suspected cases were tested by two-directional sequencing.The results showed that except unqualified samples,fusion genes were detected by multiplex RT-PCR in 211 of 474 patients(44.51%),including AML1-ETO,CBFβ-MYH11,PML-RARα,PLZF-RARα,NPM-RARα,MLL rearrangements,BCR-ABL,DEK-CAN,SET-CAN,TEL-PDGFR,TLS-ERG,AML1-MDS1(EVI-1).In 373 patients,who took both multiplex RT-PCR and karyotype analysis,the detection rate of chromosomal aberrations by using multiplex RT-PCR and karyotyping was 160/373(42.89%) and 179/373(47.98%) respectively,and the combination could optimize the detection rate of clonal genetic abnormalities to 216/373(57.90%).The PCR results from 11 cases 'normal' in karyotyping but abnormal in RT-PCR for MLL rearrangements were confirmed by two-directional sequencing.It is concluded that karyotype studies remain the cornerstone for genetic testing;conventional cytogenetics and molecular-based methods are complementary tests for the detection of clonal genetic aberrations in AML,especially for the cryptic or submicroscopic aberrations.Once a genetic marker has been identified by combined analysis,it could be used to monitor residual disease during/after chemotherapy,by quantitative RT-PCR and/or FISH.

应用多重套式RT-PCR检测儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病的融合基因

目的 研究染色体结构易位所致的融合基因在儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL)的表达。方法 采用多重套式RT PCR结合染色体R带或G带核型分析、流式细胞仪细胞免疫表型检测对 64例儿童ALL进行分析。结果 64例ALL患儿中 23例(36. 0% )具有 13种染色体畸变产生的融合基因,包括E2A/PBX1,E2A/HLF,TEL/AML1,TLS/ERG,MLL/AF4,MLL/AF9,MLL/AF10,MLL/AFX,MLL/AF6,MLL/ELL,dupMLL,TAL1D,HOX11。ALL患儿融合基因和染色体总畸变率为 67. 2%(43 /64)。结论 多重套式RT PCR结合染色体核型、免疫表型是儿童ALL临床诊断、治疗和预后判断的重要依据。

逆转录多重套式聚合酶链反应在儿童病毒性脑炎病原学研究中的应用

目的探讨早期同步检测病毒性脑炎(VE)主要病原新方法.方法应用逆转录多重套式聚合酶链反应(RT-M-nPCR)对100例VE患儿及73例对照组脑脊液(CSF)标本进行单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)DNA与肠道病毒(EV)RNA同步检测.结果整个过程约需5 h.该法与ELISA及经典nPCR方法比较,符合率分别为96%及100%.100例VE患儿CSF标本中,HSV阳性18例,EV阳性17例,在100例VE中,有26例重症,其中HSV感染14例(53.85%),EV感染7例(26.92%),不明病原5例(19.23%).不同病原检出率与年龄的关系:年龄～3岁、～7岁、～14岁HSV分别检出7.4%、11.9%、35.5%,EV分别检出25.9%、19.05%、6.5%.结论RT-M-nPCR是一种能在早期同步检测HSV及EV的具有巨大潜在应用价值的病原检测技术;在VE重症中HSV感染最常见;HSV感染在年长儿发病率高,而EV感染在学龄前及婴幼儿中多见.

肠道病毒71型和柯萨奇病毒A16型多重反转录-聚合酶链反应的建立及初步应用

本文旨在建立一种快速、高效的检测肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A16型(CA16)的方法,用于儿童手足口病的病原学监测。通过设计肠道病毒通用引物和CA16、EV71的型特异性引物,建立以不同引物浓度配比及两阶段退火温度提高检测敏感度和特异度的多重反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法,并对首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院2010年3～10月收集的371例手足口病患儿381份临床标本同时进行病毒分离和核酸检测。结果显示,本研究建立的多重RT-PCR方法对CA16和EV71的最低模板检测浓度分别为5.32pg/ml和0.64pg/ml,反应特异度为100%。应用该方法检测381份手足口病临床标本的总阳性率为77.4%,其中CA16与EV71的检测阳性率分别为31.8%和35.4%,两者检测阳性比为1∶1.1。以病毒分离为标准,多重RT-PCR对CA16及EV71检测的准确率分别为95.2%和98.6%。因此,本研究新建立的多重RT-PCR方法准确、简便,适用于较大量样本的手足口病病原学监测。2010年引起北京地区儿童手足口病的主要病原为CA16和EV71。

微流芯片检测流感病毒多重逆转录聚合酶链反应产物的实验研究

[目的 ] 建立应用微流芯片检测甲 1型、甲 3型、乙型流感病毒多重逆转录聚合酶链反应 (mRT -PCR)产物的方法 ,在mRT -PCR扩增核酸的基础上自动化灵敏的定量检测扩增产物 ,快速检测甲亚型、乙型流感病毒 ,帮助临床快速诊断和鉴别诊断其他呼吸道病毒感染 ,以及明确流感病毒在人群中感染、流行情况。 [方法 ] 采用经MDCK细胞分离培养的甲 1型、甲 3型、乙型流感病毒毒株病毒液 ,使用 3组特异引物经mRT -PCR扩增核酸 ,扩增产物分别采用毛细管电泳技术经Caliper10 0 0微流芯片分析仪自动化检测和经 2 %琼脂糖凝胶电泳法检测。 [结果 ] 设计三组引物对相应甲 1型、甲 3型、乙型流感病毒靶基因的mRT -PCR扩增产物片段分别为 43 0bp、2 10bp、3 91bp ,本实验mRT -PCR扩增产物经 2 %琼脂糖凝胶电泳 ,与Marker比照 ,DNA条带基本在此位点附近 ;产物采用毛细管电泳法经Caliper10 0 0微流芯片分析仪后 ,分别于 413bp、2 0 3bp、3 79bp处出现陡峭的峰 ,如图所示。 [结论 ] 应用微流芯片采用毛细管电泳法可对流感病毒mRT -PCR产物进行定位及相对定量 ,有助于快速诊断流感病毒感染 ,有助于对流感的监测。