The floods caused by the extreme precipitation in the Yangtze River basin(YRB)and Murray–Darling River basin(MDRB),the largest basins in China and Australia,have significant impacts on the society and regional econom...The floods caused by the extreme precipitation in the Yangtze River basin(YRB)and Murray–Darling River basin(MDRB),the largest basins in China and Australia,have significant impacts on the society and regional economies.Based on the spatial–temporal analysis of the daily precipitation extremes(DPEs)during 1982–2016,we found that for both basins,the whole-basin-type DPEs have the highest proportion and a synchronous DPE interannual variation characteristic exists in the two basins,with the 3-yr running correlation coefficient of the annual DPE days(DPEDs)reaching almost 0.7(significant at the 0.01 level).The El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO),which is one of the most significant climate disturbance factors in the world,plays an important role in modulating the variability of the DPEs in the two basins.Singular value decomposition(SVD)analysis revealed that both the YRB and the MDRB’s whole-basin-type DPEs are closely coupled with the procedure that the preceding winter eastern Pacific(EP)-type El Ni?o faded to a central Pacific(CP)-type La Nina.This means that the DPEs in the YRB and MDRB may synchronously occur more frequently when the above process occurs.Owing to the atmosphere–ocean interaction from the east–west dipole sea surface temperature(SST)anomaly pattern,the atmospheric circulation disturbance exhibits a pattern in which the equatorial eastern Pacific region is a mass source anomaly with a higher pressure,drier air,and weaker convection,while the equatorial western Pacific region is a mass sink anomaly with a lower pressure,wetter air,and stronger convection.Moreover,two wave trains that originated from the tropical western Pacific were found to extend to the YRB and MDRB.The interaction between the wave train’s interphase dynamics and water vapor transport disturbance results in the ascent conditions and enhanced water vapor transport,which leads to the synchronous occurrence of DPEs in the YRB and MDRB on an interannual scale.展开更多
应澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织(Commonwealth scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO)邀请,2018年4月清华大学组织科技考察团赴澳大利亚墨累-达令河流域开展为期一周的科学考察。考察团从墨累河出海口逆流而上,...应澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织(Commonwealth scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO)邀请,2018年4月清华大学组织科技考察团赴澳大利亚墨累-达令河流域开展为期一周的科学考察。考察团从墨累河出海口逆流而上,通过学习交流、现场考察和访问农场等方式,与澳大利亚同行们进行了深入交流,对澳大利亚墨累-达令河流域的气候变化与水的影响与适应对策研究,尤其是陆面水文-气候、极端水文研究、水资源管理体系的最新动态,及其气候变化应对与减缓、极端水文事件风险管理等进一步了解。此次考察对认识多时空尺度的气候-陆面-水文相互作用机理及其对自然强迫和人类活动(含人为强迫和下垫面人类活动)的响应机制,揭示全球气候系统能量-水循环动态演变规律和极端水文事件变化成因,构建全球增暖背景下应对极端水文事件的风险管理体系,提出中国适应性对策具有重要的借鉴意义。展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0603701)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41671211 and 41907398)。
文摘The floods caused by the extreme precipitation in the Yangtze River basin(YRB)and Murray–Darling River basin(MDRB),the largest basins in China and Australia,have significant impacts on the society and regional economies.Based on the spatial–temporal analysis of the daily precipitation extremes(DPEs)during 1982–2016,we found that for both basins,the whole-basin-type DPEs have the highest proportion and a synchronous DPE interannual variation characteristic exists in the two basins,with the 3-yr running correlation coefficient of the annual DPE days(DPEDs)reaching almost 0.7(significant at the 0.01 level).The El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO),which is one of the most significant climate disturbance factors in the world,plays an important role in modulating the variability of the DPEs in the two basins.Singular value decomposition(SVD)analysis revealed that both the YRB and the MDRB’s whole-basin-type DPEs are closely coupled with the procedure that the preceding winter eastern Pacific(EP)-type El Ni?o faded to a central Pacific(CP)-type La Nina.This means that the DPEs in the YRB and MDRB may synchronously occur more frequently when the above process occurs.Owing to the atmosphere–ocean interaction from the east–west dipole sea surface temperature(SST)anomaly pattern,the atmospheric circulation disturbance exhibits a pattern in which the equatorial eastern Pacific region is a mass source anomaly with a higher pressure,drier air,and weaker convection,while the equatorial western Pacific region is a mass sink anomaly with a lower pressure,wetter air,and stronger convection.Moreover,two wave trains that originated from the tropical western Pacific were found to extend to the YRB and MDRB.The interaction between the wave train’s interphase dynamics and water vapor transport disturbance results in the ascent conditions and enhanced water vapor transport,which leads to the synchronous occurrence of DPEs in the YRB and MDRB on an interannual scale.
文摘应澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织(Commonwealth scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO)邀请,2018年4月清华大学组织科技考察团赴澳大利亚墨累-达令河流域开展为期一周的科学考察。考察团从墨累河出海口逆流而上,通过学习交流、现场考察和访问农场等方式,与澳大利亚同行们进行了深入交流,对澳大利亚墨累-达令河流域的气候变化与水的影响与适应对策研究,尤其是陆面水文-气候、极端水文研究、水资源管理体系的最新动态,及其气候变化应对与减缓、极端水文事件风险管理等进一步了解。此次考察对认识多时空尺度的气候-陆面-水文相互作用机理及其对自然强迫和人类活动(含人为强迫和下垫面人类活动)的响应机制,揭示全球气候系统能量-水循环动态演变规律和极端水文事件变化成因,构建全球增暖背景下应对极端水文事件的风险管理体系,提出中国适应性对策具有重要的借鉴意义。
