Evaluation of the Clinical Efficacy of Full Femtosecond Laser Surgery in the Treatment of Myopia

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of full femtosecond laser surgery in the treatment of myopia patients.Methods:120 myopia patients admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected.According to the random number table method,60 patients in the observation group underwent full femtosecond laser surgery,and 60 patients in the control group underwent femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)surgery.The clinical effects of the two groups were compared.Results:10 days postoperatively and 6 months after operation,the visual acuity level of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,the postoperative corneal asphericity coefficient and corneal full-thickness were lower than those of the control group,and the total effective rate 6 months after operation was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Full femtosecond laser surgical treatment can improve the postoperative visual acuity of patients with myopia,enhance the corneal asphericity coefficient(Q)and corneal full-thickness,and exert significant clinical effects.

Degenerative myopia: mechanical theories revisited

The article discusses the early abandonment of mechanical theories about eye enlargement in degenerative myopia at the turn of the 20th century.At that time,the number of theories about myopia grew unrestricted,but with scant support from the experimental field.The mechanical theories vanished as a new wave of metabolism-based theories appeared,propelled by the huge advances in molecular biology.Modern techniques allow reconsidering those theories and to put them to test with higher confidence.

Evaluation of preoperative dry eye in people undergoing corneal refractive surgery to correct myopia

AIM: To investigate the incidence of preoperative dry eye and related factors in patients undergoing corneal refractive surgery to correct myopia.METHODS: A total of 141 patients with myopia who underwent corneal refractive surgery were surveyed by questionnaires, tear film break-up time(BUT) test, Schimer I test(SIt), corneal fluorescein staining(FL) test and diagnosed according to the currently recognized domestic diagnostic criteria for dry eye. Correlation analysis of factors such as age, gender, regular wearing of contact lens(CL), diopter(spherical equivalent), corneal thickness, and corneal curvature that may affect the onset of dry eye was carried out to clarify the main influencing factors. RESULTS: There were 64 patients(45.39%) diagnosed with dry eye. The male patients(20.31%) was significantly less than that of non-dry eye subjects(41.56%;χ~2=7.260, P=0.007);the proportion of patients with dry eye wearing CL(81.25%) was significantly higher than that of non-dry eye subjects(51.95%;χ~2=13.234, P<0.001);the median diopter level of dry eye patients was-6.59(IQR:-8.87,-4.58) D, and the median diopter level of non-dry eye subjects was-5.69(IQR:-7.15,-4.03) D. The diopter level of dry eye patients was significantly higher(Z=-2.086, P=0.019). However, the age, best corrected visual acuity, and intraocular pressure of dry eye patients were not statistically different from those of non-dry eye subjects(t=-0.257,-0.383 and 0.778, P=0.798, 0.702, and 0.438);the corneal thickness and corneal curvature(K1 and K2) were also not statistically different either(Z=-1.487,-1.036 and-1.707, P=0.137, 0.300, and 0.088). The research further analyzes the three significant factors in the single factor analysis(gender, CL wear, and diopter) in a multi-factor way: CL wear and diopter were the influencing factors of dry eye disease. Among them, CL wear increased the risk of dry eye by 2.934 times compared with no CL wear;for every 1 D increase in diopter, the risk of dry eye increased by 0.761 times.CONCLUSION: Preoperative dry eye is relatively common in patients who undergo corneal refractive surgery to correct myopia, especially in patients who have a history of CL wear and a high diopter level before surgery. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out preoperative screening and timely treatment of dry eye to obtain the best treatment outcome and postoperative satisfaction.

Therapeutic Effects of Undercorrection by LASIK Following RK and PRK for Correction of High Myopia

In order to investigate the therapeutic effects of undercorrection following radial keratoto- my (RK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for correction of high myopia by excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), LASIK was performed on 32 eyes of 16 patients undergoing RK 2 years ago and 38 eyes of 20 patients undergoing PRK 1 year ago. The postoperative uncorrected visu- al was better than or equal to the preoperative spectacle corrected visual acuity in 49 of 70 eyes (70. 00 %) and achieved the best status of refraction in 64 of 70 (91.43 %). The best postoperatively corrected visual in all operated eyes were equal to their preoperative ones respectively or just lost 1 line. No severe complication occurred during and after operation. It was suggested that LASIK was a better method for treatment of undercorrection following RK and PRK.

Long-term observation on safety and visual quality of implantable collamer lens V4c implantation for myopia correction:a 5-year follow-up

AIM:To elucidate the safety and visual quality of implantable collamer lens with central hole(ICL V4c)implantation for correcting moderate and high myopia for at least 5y.METHODS:This retrospective study was conducted on 58 patients(114 eyes)who were followed up for at least 5y after ICL V4c implantation.The observation was done before and on 1d,1mo,1 and 5y or more after the surgical procedure.The visual acuity,subjective refraction,intraocular pressure,vault,axial length,central hole position,pupil diameter,visual quality,and adverse events were analyzed.The visual quality includes aberration,the modulation transfer function cutoff frequency(MTF cutoff),objective scattering index(OSI),Stroller's ratio(SR),and visual quality questionnaire.RESULTS:The average follow-up period was 69.25±3.80mo(range 60–82mo)and the preoperative spherical equivalent(SE)was-8.66±1.97 D.At 5y after operation,the safety index was 1.01±0.02 and the efficacy index was 0.99±0.42 and SE was-0.65±0.63 D.The 59.6%of the eyes achieved an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20,76.3%of the eyes had SE within±1.0 D at the last visit.The axial length increased by 0.29±0.71 mm 5y after the surgery(t=-3.843,P<0.001).The mean vault at the last follow-up was 510.59±245.61μm.The central hole was on the temporal side in 80 eyes(84.2%).The visual quality questionnaire showed that 98.2%patients were satisfied with the surgical procedure.Adverse events occurred in 4 eyes(3.5%),including the posttraumatic toric ICL rotation(2 eyes),iris incarceration(1 eye),and posttraumatic ICL displacement(1 eye)at the last follow-up.CONCLUSION:Long-term ICL V4c implantation is safe,effective,and stable for correcting moderate and to high myopia,and the visual quality with patients is excellent and satisfactory,but the progression of axial length still needs attention after surgery.

Factors affecting single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy outcome in the treatment of mild,moderate,and high myopia:a cohort study

AIM:To investigate the effect of preoperative factors on visual acuity,higher-order aberrations(HOAs),and index of success for spherical change(S.IOS)after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy(t-PRK)for treating different grades of myopia.METHODS:This was a retrospective one-armed cohort study where patients with high,moderate,or mild myopia treated with single-step t-PRK using Amaris 500 Hz excimer laser were evaluated for visual acuity,refractive status,corneal topography,HOAs,S.IOS,and mean efficiency and safety index before and 6 mo after surgery.RESULTS:A total of 154 eyes of 77 patients with mild(n=59),moderate(n=83),and high(n=12)myopia were reviewed.The efficiency and safety indices for vision recovery by single-step t-PRK were 98%and 100%,respectively.The achieved spherical equivalent(SE)was within 1 diopter(D)in 151(98%)eyes.The median of the S.IOS was 1.18[interquartile range(IQR)1.0,1.4].The change in S.IOS was significantly correlated with age(P=0.007),6.5 mm ablation zone(Mann-Whitney U test,P<0.01),and mild and moderate grade of myopia(Kruskal–Wallis test,P<0.001).Trefoil aberration,spherical aberration,and aberration coefficient types of HOA increased significantly(Wilcoxon test,P<0.001)6 mo post-surgery.There was a significant correlation between spherical aberration and aberration coefficient HOAs by myopia grades(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Single-step t-PRK has promising short-term outcomes for refractive corrections and vision improvement to treat all three grades of myopia.

A 3-month comparison study of subjective and objective visual quality of small incision lenticule extraction and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy in patients with low and moderate myopia

AIM:To compare the subjective and objective visual quality between small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy(t PRK)in patients with low and moderate myopia.METHODS:Patients undertaking SMILE or t PRK for the correction of low and moderate myopia were consecutively recruited in this prospective cohort study with a 3-month follow-up period.Objective evaluation[visual acuity test,manifest refraction,wavefront aberrations,the total cut-off value of the total modulation transfer function(MTFcut-off),and Strehl ratio(SR)]and subjective evaluation of visual quality(quality-of-life questionnaire)were conducted before surgery and at days 1,7,30,and 90 after surgery.RESULTS:A total of 47 patients(94 eyes)with SMILE and 22 patients(22 eyes)with t PRK were enrolled.The uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA)was better in SMILE patients on day 7 after surgery(1.13±0.13 vs 0.99±0.17,t=4.85,P<0.001)but was comparable at days 30 and 90.At day 90,the SMILE group had a lower spherical equivalent(SE)than the t PRK group(0.04±0.31 vs 0.19±0.43,t=2.08,P=0.042).Total higher order aberrations(HOAs)were induced in both surgical types,which were more evident in the t PRK group with 3-mm pupil diameter(0.16±0.07 vs0.11±0.05,t=4.27,P<0.001)and 5-mm pupil diameter(0.39±0.17 vs 0.36±0.11,t=2.33,P=0.022).The MTFcut-offand SR showed a trend of improvement in both SMILE and t PRK patients but were statistically better in the SMILE group with both pupil diameters.There was a significant improvement of contrast sensitivity(CS)over baseline levels at the spatial frequency of 18 cycles/degree(c/d)in the SMILE group(F=2.72,P=0.033)and at 3 c/d(F=3.03,P=0.031),12 c/d(F=3.72,P=0.013),and 18 c/d(F=4.62,P=0.004)in the t PRK group.The subjective quality of life questionnaire showed a steady improvement in the SMILE group(F=8.31,P<0.001)but not the t PRK group.CONCLUSION:SMILE and t PRK are both safe and effective ways to correct low and moderate myopia.A generally better and quicker recovery of visual quality favors the application of SMILE in qualified patients.

The 100 most influential articles in myopia:a bibliometric analysis

AIM:To identify and characterize the 100 most influential articles in the field of myopia over the last decades.METHODS:Articles on myopia published between January 1975 and March 2020 were searched through the Web of Science Core Collection database.Two independent authors reviewed and determined the 100 most cited articles.The characteristics of each eligible article were recorded,including authors,institutions,countries,journals,publication date,total citations(TCs),annual citations(ACs),research focus and article type.RESULTS:The top 100 most influential articles were published between 1983 and 2016,with 1999 as the most prolific year.The mean number of TCs was 288(range:193-537)and the mean number of ACs was 19(range:7-109).Treatment and epidemiology of myopia were the most important research focus.These articles were published in 21 journals led by Ophthalmology(29%)followed by Investigative Ophthalmology&Visual Science(23%).The number of ACs for articles published in the last ten years was significantly higher than that for the other most-cited articles(44 vs 16,Mann-Whitney U test P<0.01).There is no difference in the number of TCs between original articles and review articles,while the number of ACs for review articles was significantly higher than that for original articles(22 vs 17,Mann-Whitney U test P<0.05).CONCLUSION:This bibliometric analysis can provide us with concise information about the development trend of research in the field of myopia in the past few decades,and provide an important reference for researchers to guide future research.

Surgical treatment of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome associated with strabismus and early-onset myopia:Two case reports

BACKGROUND Pitt-Hopkins syndrome(PTHS;MIM#610954)is a rare genetic neurological disorder.Myopia and strabismus have been reported in approximately 50%of PTHS patients.No studies have reported details about the required surgery for PTHS with strabismus and early-onset myopia.Here,we retrospectively reviewed the surgical management of two patients with PTHS combined with strabismus and/or early-onset myopia.CASE SUMMARY A 5-year-old girl presented with congenital esotropia and left eye myopia,and the second girl was a 5-year-old girl who presented with intermittent exotropia.Genetic testing performed on both patients showed a mutation in transcription factor 4,which is a diagnostic marker of PTHS.The first girl underwent bilateral medial rectus recession combined with posterior scleral reinforcement(PSR)in the left eye and the second patient underwent bilateral lateral rectus recession strabismus surgery.We made key innovations in surgical timing and strategy,and the results were satisfactory.The combination of strabismus and PSR surgery is an innovative strategy for patients with both strabismus and early-onset myopia.CONCLUSION Early treatment of strabismus and myopia positively influence motor development and should be included in rehabilitation programs for patients with PTHS.

Iris recognition:a biometric method after refractive surgery

Iris recognition,as a biometric method,outperforms others because of its high accuracy. Iris is the visible internal organ of human,so it is stable and very difficult to be altered. But if an eye surgery must be made to some individuals,it may be rejected by iris recognition system as imposters after the surgery,because the iris pattern was altered or damaged somewhat during surgery and cannot match the iris template stored before the surgery. In this paper,we originally discuss whether refractive surgery for vision correction(LASIK surgery) would influence the performance of iris recognition. And experiments are designed and tested on iris images captured especially for this research from patients before and after refractive surgery. Experiments showed that refractive surgery has little influence on iris recognition.

LASIK surgery in patients with residual refractive errors after radial keratotomy

AIMTo study the results and complications of LASIK surgery after radial keratotomy.

Risk Factors for Postoperative Retinal Detachment Following Cataract Surgery

Purpose: To determine the relation between patients’ age and degree of myopia on the risk of postoperative retinal detachment following cataract surgery. Setting: University-based cataract referral practice. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective study. The chart of all patients in the practice of 1 surgeon (K.M.M) who had cataract surgery by the Kelman phacoemulsification technique between 1991 and 2010, were reviewed to identify patients (those who had retinal detachment) was associated with 4-control who didn’t detach but had surgery around the same time. Result: Forty-three cases of retinal detachment were identified, the mean age at time of cataract surgery for the RD cases was 57.3 ± 14.7 years (range: 4 to 96 years) and for the control was 69.8 ± 12.9 years (range: 9 to 75 years), p Conclusion: The study shows that risk of retinal detachment and the degree of myopia is linear up to 12.00 diopters of myopia then starting to decline, and the risk of retinal detachment is the highest in age group between 50 to 59 years.

Short term effects of small incision lenticule extraction surgery on corneal endothelium

AIM： To assess the effects of small incision lenticule extraction（SMILE） surgery on the corneal endothelium at1 d to 1mo postoperatively.·METHODS： A retrospective, observational study was conducted on 47 patients（47 eyes） who received SMILE surgery. Patients were grouped according to contact lens wear condition. The corneal endothelium was examined preoperatively and at 1d, 1wk and 1mo postoperatively.The corneal endothelium was analyzed for endothelial cell density（ECD）, percentage of hexagonal cells, and coefficient of variation（CV） of cell size.·RESULTS： There were no significant decrease in the ECD, percentage of hexagonal cells or increase in CV at1 d, 1wk and 1mo postoperatively（P 〉0.05）. However,there was a small increase of ECD by 2.88% in contact lens wearers（78.26±113.62 cell/mm2, P 〈0.05）.· CONCLUSION： SMILE has no significant adverse effects on the corneal ECD and morphology during 1mo follow-up time.

显微镜辅助微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术治疗单节段腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨显微镜辅助经Quadrant通道结合经皮椎弓根钉固定行微创小切口经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)治疗单节段腰椎退行性滑脱症的疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年4月至2021年3月行椎体间融合术治疗单节段腰椎退行性滑脱症患者的临床资料,其中采用开放经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术(TLIF)治疗患者41例(开放组),经Wiltse入路Quadrant通道直视下TLIF治疗患者25例(微创组),显微镜下减压并采用经皮椎弓根钉TLIF治疗患者38例(显微组)。记录3组患者手术时间、术中出血量、X线透视次数、引流量、术后2天和7天切口周围疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、并发症情况,术后CT检查评估椎弓根钉置钉准确率,记录术前及术后6个月、24个月日本骨科协会(JOA)评分和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI),末次随访时采用改良MacNab标准评价临床疗效。结果所有手术均顺利完成。显微组术中出血量、引流量、术后2天和7天切口周围疼痛VAS评分均小于微创组和开放组(P<0.05),椎弓根钉置钉准确率高于微创组和开放组(P<0.05),但术中X线透视次数高于微创组和开放组(P<0.05)。开放组发生术后切口浅表软组织感染1例,疑似感染1例,脑脊液漏1例;微创组出现术后短暂性神经症状2例。3组术后6个月、24个月JOA评分和ODI评分均较术前明显改善(P<0.05),3组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。术后6个月和24个月融合率3组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。按改良MacNab标准,3组患者疗效优良率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论显微镜辅助通道下MIS-TLIF治疗单节段腰椎退行性滑脱症,术中出血少、切口疼痛感小、并发症少,采用经皮椎弓根钉置钉准确率高,融合率、疗效优良率与开放手术一致,临床疗效好。

内镜、微创和开放式经椎间孔椎体间融合术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的效果比较

目的比较经椎间孔内镜腰椎椎间融合术(Endo-LIF)、微创腰椎椎间融合术(MIS-TLIF)和开放腰椎椎间融合术(PLIF)治疗腰椎退行性疾病(LDD)的临床疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2023年1月在百色市人民医院因LDD接受经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合术就诊的150例患者临床资料,按手术方式分为Endo-LIF组、MIS-TLIF组、PLIF组三组,每组各50例。比较患者手术时间、透视次数、术中失血量、住院时间、并发症以及术前和术后3个月的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分、椎间隙高度指数、病变节段活动度(ROM)。结果PLIF组的手术时间长于Endo-LIF组和MIS-TLIF组,术中透视次数少于Endo-LIF组和MIS-TLIF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Endo-LIF组和MIS-TLIF组的手术时间、术中透视次数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者术中出血量Endo-LIF组少于MIS-TLIF组及PLIF组,MIS-TLIF组少于PLIF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者术后卧床时间和住院时间Endo-LIF组短于MIS-TLIF组及PLIF组,MIS-TLIF组短于PLIF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者满意度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Endo-LIF组满意度高于PLIF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.017)。三组患者术后3个月VAS及ODI评分低于手术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。三组患者并发症发生率、椎间隙高度指数、ROM比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论Endo-LIF、MIS-TLI、PLIF三种手术方法术后3个月的预后结果相似,PLIF术中透视次数最少,Endo-LIF创伤较小,在降低术中出血,缩短术后卧床时间和住院时间方面优势明显,术后恢复速度较快,适合临床推广。

单节段镜下融合治疗合并骨质疏松症的腰椎退变性疾病的近期疗效

目的:探讨单节段镜下融合术治疗合并骨质疏松症的腰椎退变性疾病的临床疗效。方法:纳入2018年6月~2022年2月因腰椎退行性疾病接受腰椎单节段镜下融合手术,且住院期间完善双能X线吸收法(dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry,DXA)骨密度检测的病例24例,其中男7例、女17例;年龄44~80岁,平均66.0±9.9岁,术后随访时间21.6±12.6(3~47)个月。按是否合并骨质疏松症分为2组,其中8例合并骨质疏松症(骨质疏松组),16例不合并骨质疏松症(对照组)。骨质疏松症病例及时予抗骨松治疗。镜下融合手术均采用工作内径7.1mm的同轴水介质大通道脊柱内镜。比较两组患者一般资料及围手术期指标,术前、术后3d及末次随访时使用疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)评分及Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)评价临床疗效。术后3d复查腰椎数字X线摄影(digital radiography,DR)及腰椎计算机体层摄影(computed tomography,CT)评价减压与内固定情况;末次随访时行腰椎DR者,评估螺钉松动及融合器沉降情况;术后随访超过6个月且复查腰椎CT者,判断融合情况。记录并比较两组患者并发症发生情况。结果:两组患者的年龄、性别、术前诊断、术前椎间隙高度、手术节段,术前VAS、JOA评分及ODI等均无统计学差异。骨质疏松组最低骨密度平均值T=-3.2±0.6,明显低于对照组T=-1.4±0.8(P=0.000)。骨质疏松组平均手术时间为429.9±135.2min,对照组平均手术时间327.4±68.2min,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.020)。术中影像辅助方式、出血量、单侧入路双侧减压(unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression,ULBD)例数、术后椎间隙高度、住院天数两组间无统计学差异。两组术后3d及末次随访时腰痛/腿痛VAS评分、JOA评分及ODI均较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组间比较均无统计学差异。两组术后3d椎间隙高度与术前比较显著增加(P<0.01),组间比较无统计学差异。并发症方面,骨质疏松组1例严重骨质疏松症患者(腰椎T=-4.4)术中置入融合器时损伤终板,出现融合器沉降,但无症状,无需特殊处理;另有1例硬膜撕裂合并神经根损伤,经神经营养等对症处理后症状缓解。末次随访时18例复查腰椎DR,随访时间超过6个月者10例复查腰椎CT,骨质疏松组与对照组相比,融合器沉降率、螺钉松动率与融合率均无统计学差异(P=1.000)。结论:单节段镜下融合术治疗合并骨质疏松的腰椎退变性疾病近期疗效安全有效。

Quadrant通道下单侧后路腰椎椎体间融合术与传统开放术治疗退行性腰椎疾病的疗效比较

目的 探讨Quadrant通道下单侧后路腰椎椎体间融合术与传统开放术治疗退行性腰椎疾病的价值。方法 选取2019年1月至2023年6月我院外科治疗的退行性腰椎疾病患者100例,通过随机数字表法分为两组。观察组(50例)实施Quadrant通道下单侧后路腰椎椎体间融合术进行治疗,对照组(50例)实施常规开放手术治疗,比较两组治疗效果。结果 相比较对照组,观察组手术时间长、切口长度短、术中出血量小、术后引流量小、术后下地时间短、术后住院时间短(P <0.05),术后1、2、3d的疼痛评分低(P <0.05),术后2、4、6周的Oswestry功能障碍指数低(P <0.05),末次随访MacNab分级的优良率高(P <0.05)。结论 Quadrant通道下单侧后路腰椎椎体间融合术治疗退行性腰椎疾病效果十分显著,术后疼痛少,恢复快,术后功能障碍改善良好,具有较好的应用价值。

机器人辅助微创腰椎后路融合治疗腰椎退行性疾病

背景:微创手术目前发展迅速,机器人辅助下的微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合与机器人辅助下单边双通道内镜下微创腰椎融合是治疗腰椎退行性疾病的重要后路微创手术方法,但是何种术式更具有优势,值得探讨。目的:比较不同机器人辅助微创腰椎后路融合手术的临床疗效以及影像学检查,探讨机器人辅助微创腰椎后路融合技术在腰椎退行性疾病中的临床应用价值。方法:回顾分析2018年1月至2022年6月于四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院骨科就诊的83例腰椎退行性疾病患者的临床资料,其中27例应用机器人辅助下微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合治疗(A组),30例应用机器人辅助单边双通道内镜下微创腰椎融合治疗(B组),另选择26例传统微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合患者作为对照组(C组)。3组患者的性别、年龄、体质量指数、手术节段分布及术前疼痛目测类比评分及Oswestry功能障碍指数等一般资料比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05)。比较3组患者手术时间、术中出血量、手术并发症、辐射次数、辐射剂量以及辐射时间。以Gertzbein-Robbins分级标准判断经皮螺钉的精度;评估手术后疼痛目测类比评分及Oswestry功能障碍指数;以Macnab标准评估手术方案的优良率。结果与结论:①A组手术时间短于B、C组(P<0.05),但是B组与C组之间差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);B组术中失血量明显少于A组,A组少于C组,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05);②C组的辐照次数、辐照剂量及辐射时间明显高于A、B组(P<0.05);③3组患者术后疼痛目测类比评分及Oswestry功能障碍指数均较术前显著改善(P<0.05),但术后1 d及术后6个月,3组之间差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);④术后影像学检查显示,A、B组的置钉精度优于C组(P<0.05);⑤Macnab手术优良率在3组间差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);⑥在并发症上,3组之间差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);⑦结果说明机器人辅助下微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合、机器人辅助单边双通道内镜下微创腰椎融合都是治疗腰椎退行性疾病的有效方法;相较于传统微创经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合治疗,机器人辅助下的腰椎微创融合手术效率高,术中辐射更少,内固定精度更高,具有良好的临床应用价值。

基于Web of Science的2013-2022年近视研究领域文献计量分析

目的应用文献计量学方法分析近10年来近视研究领域的现状、热点和未来的发展方向。方法检索Web of Science核心数据库中2013年1月1日至2022年12月31日近视相关的研究类和综述类文献,使用VOSviewer软件对国家、研究机构、作者进行共现分析,使用CiteSpace软件对关键词和共被引参考文献进行聚类分析。结果最终纳入9745篇文献,涉及123个国家或地区,7150个机构和29343位作者。通过分析发现全球在近视领域的发文量整体呈增长趋势,中国是发文量最多的国家,来自美国的研究总被引用次数最多。关键词分析结果表明,早期近视研究热点主要集中于屈光手术、并发症的诊断与治疗、遗传学研究以及流行病学特征,而近年来研究重点已迅速转向近视的预防和控制。共被引文献聚类分析结果显示,近视领域包含多个聚类模块,如#0学龄儿童、#1小切口角膜基质透镜取出术、#2近视控制、#3屈光不正、#4接触镜等研究方向。研究前沿主要聚焦于近视管理技术、近视与视网膜和脉络膜血管、人工智能在近视领域的应用等方面。结论近十年近视研究领域涵盖眼科学、分子生物学、遗传学、眼视光学、流行病学等多个学科领域。未来需要进一步探索近视的病因和发病机制、早期识别和筛查、管理技术、人工智能辅助诊断等,以制定更加有效、安全的近视防控策略。

基于Corvis ST分析飞秒LASIK联合快速交联矫正高度近视术后角膜生物力学变化

目的应用Corvis ST评估飞秒激光辅助准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)联合快速角膜交联术(FS-LASIK Xtra)矫正高度近视术后角膜生物力学的变化。方法前瞻性病例对照研究。选取2020年7月至2022年7月在山东中医药大学附属眼科医院行手术矫正高度近视的患者185例(185眼)为研究对象,所有患者均将右眼纳入研究,其中行FS-LASIK Xtra者93例为FS-LASIK Xtra组,行FS-LASIK者92例为FS-LASIK组,术后随访6个月,记录患者的裸眼视力、等效球镜度、平均角膜曲率(Km)、最薄点角膜厚度(TCT)、角膜生物力学参数[2 mm处变形幅度比(DAR 2 mm)、综合半径(IR)、第一次压平刚度系数(SP-A1)、应力应变指数(SSI)]和手术前后角膜生物力学参数变化量(术后6个月与术前的差值,即ΔDAR 2 mm、ΔIR、ΔSP-A1、ΔSSI)。采用独立样本t检验和Mann-Whitney U检验对组间数据进行比较。结果术后3个月等效球镜度FS-LASIK组和FS-LASIK Xtra组患者分别为(-0.21±0.31)D和(-0.04±0.36)D,差异有统计学意义(t=3.49,P=0.001);术后6个月两组分别为(-0.33±0.31)D、(-0.14±0.37)D,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.00,P<0.001)。术后6个月时FS-LASIK组与FS-LASIK Xtra组患者手术的有效性指数和安全性指数差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。术前两组患者DAR 2 mm、IR、SP-A1、SSI等角膜生物力学参数比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05);术后6个月,FS-LASIK组与FS-LASIK Xtra组患者角膜生物力学参数变化量ΔIR分别为3.03±0.78、2.67±0.80,ΔSP-A1为-35.93±12.04、-30.43±12.44,ΔSSI为-0.09±0.10、-0.03±0.06,两组相比差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。结论FS-LASIK Xtra矫正高度近视术后患者视力、等效球镜度稳定,具有良好的安全性和有效性,角膜生物力学稳定性较术前降低,但优于常规FS-LASIK,长期效果需要进一步观察。