Isolation of a Microorganic Strain for the High Volume Degradation of Aniline Blue and Its Application in Natural Sewage Treatment

Aniline blue, one of the triphenylmethane dyes, is the most commonly produced and used of these dyes yet it is also the most dangerous and the most serious cause of pollution amongst them. An exploration of aniline blue degradation is likely to facilitate an understanding of the degradation mechanism for a range of related dyes. In this study, we managed to isolate a particular strain of microorganism, identified to be Lysinibacillus fusiformis N019a, which showed a significant capacity for aniline blue degradation in both laboratory tests and natural sewage treatment. In analysis aided by a UV-Visible spectrophotometer, we found that 96.7% of aniline blue had degraded within 24 hours under laboratory conditions. When treating natural sewage, 80.1% of the aniline blue was removed after just 16 hours. Further analysis has shown that Lysinibacillus fusiformis N019a has a strong resistance to Cu2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Pb2+. We also found that the degradation product of aniline blue by Lysinibacillus fusiformis N019a was of reduced toxicity to plants and microbes.

STUDIES ON THE INITIATION MECHANISM OF ORGANIC PEROXIDE AND N-METHACRYLOYLOXYETHYL-N-METHYL ANILINE IN METHYL METHACRYLATE POLYMERIZATION

The initiation mechanism of methyl methacrylate (MMA) polymerization by organic peroxide and polymerizable aromatic tertiary amine such as N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N-methyl aniline (MEMA) binary system has been studied. The kinetics of polymerization of MMA and the ESR spectra of organic peroxide/MEMA system were determined. Based on the ESR study and the end-group analysis by UV spectra of the polymer formed, the initiation mechanism is proposed.

Experimental and QSPR Studies on n-Octanol/water Partition Coefficient (lgK_(ow)) of Substituted Aniline

The n-octanol/water partition coefficients （lgKow） of 18 substituted anilines were determined at 25 ℃ by shake-flask method. The geometrical optimization of substituted anilines has been performed at B3LYP/6-311G^＊＊ level with Gaussian98 program, and the molecular surface areas of substituted anilines were calculated using ChemOffice 2004 program. The calculated structural parameters of substituted anilines were used as theoretical descriptors and the two-parameter （molecular surface area （MA） and the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital （EaoMo）） quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） model of lgKow for substituted aniline with molecular structural parameters was developed by multi-linear regression method. The regression coefficient square （r^2） is 0.990 and the standard deviation SE 0.109. The model was validated by variance inflation factors （VIF） and t-test, and the results show that there exists small self-correlation between variables of the model with perfect stability. The model gives results in good qualitative agreement with experimental data. At last, the model was applied to predict lgKow values of five substituted anilines whose lgKow values have not been determined experimentally.

Vapor-phase synthesis of N-butylaniline from aniline and 1-butanol over Cu/SiO_2 catalyst

The Cu/SiO2 catalyst prepared by incipient wetness method exhibited very high activity and selectivity for the vapor-phase synthesis of N-butylaniline from aniline and 1-butanol. When Cu loading was 0.70 mmol/g-SiO2 and the catalyst precursor was calcined at 500 ℃, 1-butanol conversion reached 99%, and the selectivity of N-butylaniline exceeded 97%.

Environment-friendly synthesis of N-phenylpiperidine from aniline and 1,5-pentanediol overγ-Al_2O_3 catalyst

An efficient environment-friendly synthesis of N-phenylpiperidine was developed from aniline and 1,5-pentanediol over γ-Al2O3 catalyst under atmospheric pressure. The conversion of 1,5-pentanediol reached 97% and the selectivity for N-phenylpiperidine attained 94%. The structure of the catalyst was characterized by NH3-TPD and BET. The influences of calcination temperature of the catalyst and reaction temperature on activity and selectivity of the catalyst were investigated.

One-Pot Three-Component Synthesis of N-Arylmethyl-4-(7-cyclohepta-1,3,5-trienyl)anilines

We report a one-pot three-component synthesis of N-arylmethyl-4-(7-cyclohepta-1,3,5-trienyl)anilines by using various aromatic imines, tropylium tetrafluoroborate, and sodium tetrahydroborate in the presence of imidazole as activator.

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium for binary system of aniline+methyl-N-phenyl carbamate

In this study,the quasi-static ebulliometric method was used to measure both of the vapor pressures of methyl N-phenyl carbamate(MPC),and the isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE) data of the aniline and MPC binary system.The measured vapor pressure data of MPC,at different temperature ranging from 369.60 to 389.54 K,fitted well with the Antoine equation.The VLE data for the aniline and MPC system at(2.00,4.00,6.00,7.00 and 8.00) k Pa were correlated by both of nonrandom two-liquid(NRTL) and Wilson models.The parameters of the two models were obtained by regressing the experimental data,with the absolute temperature deviations of 0.54 K and 0.53 K,respectively.The relative volatility of the binary system calculated was all far more than 1,which gives the conclusion that the high purity MPC can be separated from aniline and MPC binary system by rectification or distillation technology.

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Photoluminescence Property of Ag(I)with N,N-dimethyl-4-(pyridine-4-yldiazenyl)aniline

A 2D plane coordination compound [Ag_2（Dpya）_2.（NO_3）_2]n was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR,elemental analysis and TG analysis.The red crystal was obtained via solvent diffusion method at room temperature and is slightly soluble in organic solvents.Its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.It crystallizes in monoclinic,space group P1 with a = 10.7995（13）,b = 7.4748（8）,c = 18.364（2） A,β = 98.916（4）o,V = 1464.5（3） A^3,Z = 2,C_（26）H_（28）Ag_2N_（10）O_6,M_r = 792.32,Dc = 1.302 Mg/m^3,F（000） = 792,μ（Mo Ka） = 1.356 mm^-1,R = 0.0575 and w R = 0.0826.The compound [Ag_2（Dpya）_2.（NO_3）_2]_n is a two-dimensional structure and there are two kinds of coordination configurations about the Ag atoms in the compound.The Ag（1） center is tetrahedrally coordinated with two O atoms of NO_3^-and two N atoms from the ligand Dpya.Meanwhile,the Ag（2） is five-coordinated by five O atoms from three NO_3^-anions.The Ag centers（Ag（1） and Ag（2）） connect to themselves as well as with each other by the bridging NO_3^-anions.And the coordination compound shows photoluminescence with an emission peak at 530 nm（λex = 450 nm） as the ligand Dpya.

一锅煮分步方法合成N-苯基苯甲酰胺

以苯甲醛和苯胺为原料,通过一锅煮的分步方法先形成亚胺,然后利用过氧化二苯甲酰/二甲亚砜体系,高效合成出N-苯基苯甲酰胺。该合成操作采用一锅煮的方法且简单,反应条件温和,适合本科生的有机化学综合性实验教学。本实验包含有机化合物的制备、分离纯化和结构表征为一体的综合性实验过程,有利于学生理解形成亚胺可以对氨基进行保护从而高效氧化合成酰胺的过程。

Lewis acid-oxygen vacancy interfacial synergistic catalysis over SO4^2-/Ce0.84Zr0.16O2-WO3-ZrO2 for N,N-diethylation of aniline with ethanol

Herein,a new mechanism involving Lewis acid-oxygen vacancy interfacial synergistic catalysis fo r aniline N,N-diethylation with ethanol was proposed,and the SO4^2-/Ce0.84Zr0.16O2-WO3-ZrO2 catalyst(SCWZ)with both Lewis acid sites and oxygen vacancies was synthesized by the hydrothermal method,which shows better catalytic activity than the reported solid acidic catalysts.Besides,the SO4^2-/ZrO2(SZ)and SO4^2-/WO3-ZrO2(SWZ)catalysts were also prepared and compared with SCWZ to investigate the synergistic effect of each component.The SO4^2-and WO3 mainly generate Lewis acid by bonding with ZrO2,which is beneficial for the fracture of the N-H bond in aniline.The Ce0.84Zr0.16O2 solid solution mainly plays a vital role in generating the oxygen vacancies as the interface active species,which can participate in stripping-OH from ethanol,then the carbocation will also be released,which only needs1.3805 kcal/mol energy,calculated by density functional theory(DFT),to be input.In comparison,the traditional reaction mechanism needs the Br■nsted acidic sites to promote the protonation of ethanol,then dehydration and subsequent formation of carbocation followed,and 108.6846 kcal/mol energy needs to be input,which is far higher than that of the new mechanism.The apparent activation energy(Ea)over SCWZ was measured by experiment to be 34.09 kJ/mol,which is much lower than that of SWZ(47.10 kJ/mol)and SZ(54.37 kJ/mol),illustrating comparatively preferable kinetics for SCWZ than that of SWZ and SZ.Besides,the conversion of aniline and selectivity to N,N-diethylaniline over SCWZ reach almost 100%and 73%,respectively,The SCWZ can be renewed for 4 times without rapid deactivation,and the longevity of SCWZ is longer than that of SWZ and SZ,as the loaded SO4^2-and tetragonal ZrO2 are stabilized by Ce0.84Zr0.16O2 and WO3,respectively.

用苯胺和甲醇在β沸石催化剂上合成N,N-二甲基苯胺

对苯胺和甲醇在β沸石催化剂上合成N ,N -二甲基苯胺 (N ,N -DMA)进行了研究。考察了反应温度、液态进料空速对催化剂活性和选择性的影响 ,对催化剂进行了 80 0h的寿命实验。实验证明 ,在n(苯胺 ) /n(甲醇 ) =1/3时 ,反应的最佳反应温度 2 40～ 2 5 0℃ ,最佳进料空速 0 5h- 1 。在 80 0h寿命实验过程中 ,苯胺的单程转化率达 99%(平均值 )以上 ,N ,N -DMA的选择性在 86 %以上 ,N -甲基苯胺 (N -MA)与N ,N -DMA的选择性在 95

硫酸钛催化合成-2-甲氧基-5-乙酰氨基N,N-二-(β-烷酰氧乙基)苯胺

用硫酸钛/ZSM 5为催化剂,通过2 甲氧基 5 乙酰氨基 N,N 二 (β 羟乙基)苯胺与乙酸及丙酸的酯化反应,合成了2 甲氧基 5 乙酰氨基 N,N 二 (β 乙酰氧乙基)苯胺和2 甲氧基 5 乙酰氨基 N,N 二 (β 丙酰氧乙基)苯胺.对影响反应的因素进行了讨论.用IR、NMR对结构进行了表征,酯的收率为95%以上.

无水AlCl_3催化合成N,N-二氰乙基甲基苯胺的研究

报道了AlCl3和AlCl3-ZnCl2组成的催化体系对邻、间、对甲基苯胺三种异构体与丙烯腈发生加成反应合成相应的N,N-二氰乙基甲基苯胺.其结果表明:AlCl3对该类反应具有很高的催化效率,AlCl3-ZnCl2组成的催化体系比AlCl3的催化效率更高,其中间位、对位产物收率达92%～94%.

N-氰乙基苯胺的合成工艺研究

利用高压反应釜,在高温下用氯化锌和盐酸催化苯胺与丙烯腈反应,合成N-氰乙基苯胺。考察不同反应条件对反应结果的影响,探究提高N-氰乙基苯胺反应速率的方法,同时探索影响副反应发生的条件,确定最优工艺参数,为连续化放大设计提供参考依据。本研究的最优反应条件:温度为110℃,反应时间为6~8 h,搅拌速率为300 r/min,盐酸用量为苯胺用量的14.4%,氯化锌用量为苯胺用量的11.1%。

N-烷基芳胺合成的研究进展

N-烷基芳胺是非常重要的有机原料和精细化工中间体,广泛应用于染料、塑料、医药和农药等领域。介绍了芳胺与烷基化试剂如卤代烃、羰基化合物、醇等进行的取代烷基化反应合成N-烷基芳胺的反应机理及烷基化工艺;重点阐述了以芳香硝基化合物为原料一锅法合成N-烷基芳胺的生产工艺,分别讨论了以羰基化合物、腈、醇作为烷基化试剂的优劣,认为以醇为烷基化试剂的反应条件温和、不需要添加任何配体,具有较好的应用前景。指出开发适合以醇为烷基化试剂的选择性高的催化剂是以后的研究方向。

N,N-二取代氨基苯甲醛的合成

通过N,N-二取代苯胺的酰基化反应,以高收率合成了三种用于制备腙类空穴传输材料的重要中间体,2-甲基-4-(N,N-二苄基)氨基苯甲醛、2-甲基-4-(N-乙基-N-苄基)氨基苯甲醛和4-(N-乙基-N-苄基)氨基苯甲醛,收率分别达99.2%、92.9%和94.8%,高效液相色谱纯度99.2%以上。通过官能团鉴定、紫外吸收光谱、红外吸收光谱、质谱以及元素分析等对产物的组成和结构进行了鉴定。

N-异丙基苯胺的合成

以苯胺和2-溴丙烷为原料，经N-烷基化反应合成了N-异丙基苯胺，探讨了最佳反应条件及精制方法。苯胺与2-溴丙烷摩尔比为2．5：1，55—65℃下反应2．5h，55℃下以30％NaOH溶液处理后保温4h，粗产品经精馏及ZnCl2（20％）溶液处理后，目标产物收率达92．6％。

新型染料中间体的合成研究——2-氨基-8-羟基-6-萘磺酰-N-甲基苯胺的合成

报道了以 γ-酸 (即 2 -氨基 - 8-羟基 - 6 -萘磺酸 )和 N-甲基苯胺为原料合成新型染料中间体 ( 2 -氨基 - 8-羟基 - 6 -萘磺酰 - N-甲基苯胺 )的方法 ,并对反应条件进行了研究 ,产物经元素分析、红外、核磁、质谱测定 ,与结构相符 ,该合成方法简便 ,反应条件易于控制 ,产率高 ,产品纯度好 。

Cu(TFA)_2催化N-甲基芳胺和α-重氮-β-酮酸对硝基苄酯的N—H插入反应研究

研究了金属催化下N-甲基芳胺和α-重氮-β-酮酸对硝基苄酯的N-H插入反应.考察了催化剂的种类,反应介质和催化剂的用量对反应的影响.实验结果表明：Cu（TFA）2对该反应显示出最佳催化性能.最后,在Cu（TFA）2催化下,以甲苯为反应溶剂,回流条件下,快速、高选择性的制备了一系列取代的α-（N-甲基-N-芳基）氨基-β-酮酸对硝基苄酯,分离收率为69％～99％.该方法具有操作简单,催化剂廉价易得,反应时间短,产率普遍较高等特点.

酸性离子液体催化合成N-氰乙基-N-羟乙基苯胺

N-氰乙基-N-羟乙基苯胺是一种具有广泛用途的染料中间体,针对传统合成方法中的缺陷,以1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐([BMIM]HSO 4)为催化剂,丙烯腈和N-羟乙基苯胺为原料,建立了N-氰乙基-N-羟乙基苯胺的绿色合成新工艺。系统考察了离子液体种类、离子液体用量、底物比例等因素的影响规律,结果表明,[BMIM]HSO 4用量为0.8 mmol,n(N-羟乙基苯胺)∶[KG-*3/5]n(丙烯腈)=1∶[KG-*3/5]1.2,反应温度为90℃,反应时间为12 h时,N-氰乙基-N-羟乙基苯胺产率最高(89%),离子液体循环使用5次后,催化活性基本保持不变。