An approach of transmission network expan-sion planning with embedded constraints of short circuit currents and N-1 security is proposed in this paper.The problem brought on by the strong nonlinearity property of shor...An approach of transmission network expan-sion planning with embedded constraints of short circuit currents and N-1 security is proposed in this paper.The problem brought on by the strong nonlinearity property of short circuit currents is solved with a linearization method based on the DC power flow.The model can be converted to a mixed-integer linear programming problem,realizing the optimization of planning model that considers the constraints of linearized short circuit currents and N-1 security.To compensate the error caused by the assump-tions of DC power flow,the compensation factor is pro-posed.With this factor,an iterative algorithm that can compensate the linearization error is then presented.The case study based on the IEEE 118-bus system shows that the proposed model and approach can be utilized to:opti-mize the construction strategy of transmission lines;ensure the N-1 security of the network;and effectively limit the short circuit currents of the system.展开更多
论文旨在研究锦鲤(Cyprinus carpio var. koi)GNPTAB(alpha/beta subunits of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase)基因的分子生物学特征及对维氏气单胞菌感染的应答规律。对锦鲤GNPTAB基因CDS区进行生物信息学分析,利用实时荧...论文旨在研究锦鲤(Cyprinus carpio var. koi)GNPTAB(alpha/beta subunits of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase)基因的分子生物学特征及对维氏气单胞菌感染的应答规律。对锦鲤GNPTAB基因CDS区进行生物信息学分析,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术研究GNPTAB基因的组织分布和维氏气单胞菌(Aeromonas veronii)感染机体后的时序表达规律。结果显示,GNPTAB基因CDS区片段长度为3 747 bp,推测编码1 248个氨基酸,含有4个结构域。实时荧光定量PCR分析显示,GNPTAB基因在健康锦鲤各组织中均有表达,在肝脏表达量最高,其次是肌肉、肠道、脾脏、皮肤、中肾、头肾。维氏气单胞菌人工感染锦鲤6~72 h,GNPTAB基因在肠道组织主要呈现上调表达,在肝脏、头肾、脾脏、皮肤、肌肉组织中主要呈现下调表达。维氏气单胞菌感染锦鲤后,GNPTAB基因在这些组织中出现表达差异,推测GNPTAB参与了机体的病理生理过程或免疫应答反应。展开更多
评估馈线供电能力是保障馈线可靠运行的重要手段。文中提出了一种基于路径描述的馈线分区N-1可装容量计算方法。首先,将同一电压等级配电网以自动/手动开关装置为边界划分馈线分区,视为负荷节点;采用所有负荷节点及其所有可能供电路径...评估馈线供电能力是保障馈线可靠运行的重要手段。文中提出了一种基于路径描述的馈线分区N-1可装容量计算方法。首先,将同一电压等级配电网以自动/手动开关装置为边界划分馈线分区,视为负荷节点;采用所有负荷节点及其所有可能供电路径的集合描述配电网拓扑结构。随后,以路径状态为变量,建立了馈线N-1安全校验的0-1线性规划模型。针对电网营销部门的实际数据需求,以路径状态和馈线分区可装容量为变量,进一步建立了用于馈线分区N-1可装容量计算的混合整数线性规划模型。最后,以某省会城市实际运行的某一10 k V馈线组为例,验证了所提算法的实用性和有效性。展开更多
基金This work was supported by National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2013BAA01B02)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51325702,51407100).
文摘An approach of transmission network expan-sion planning with embedded constraints of short circuit currents and N-1 security is proposed in this paper.The problem brought on by the strong nonlinearity property of short circuit currents is solved with a linearization method based on the DC power flow.The model can be converted to a mixed-integer linear programming problem,realizing the optimization of planning model that considers the constraints of linearized short circuit currents and N-1 security.To compensate the error caused by the assump-tions of DC power flow,the compensation factor is pro-posed.With this factor,an iterative algorithm that can compensate the linearization error is then presented.The case study based on the IEEE 118-bus system shows that the proposed model and approach can be utilized to:opti-mize the construction strategy of transmission lines;ensure the N-1 security of the network;and effectively limit the short circuit currents of the system.
文摘评估馈线供电能力是保障馈线可靠运行的重要手段。文中提出了一种基于路径描述的馈线分区N-1可装容量计算方法。首先,将同一电压等级配电网以自动/手动开关装置为边界划分馈线分区,视为负荷节点;采用所有负荷节点及其所有可能供电路径的集合描述配电网拓扑结构。随后,以路径状态为变量,建立了馈线N-1安全校验的0-1线性规划模型。针对电网营销部门的实际数据需求,以路径状态和馈线分区可装容量为变量,进一步建立了用于馈线分区N-1可装容量计算的混合整数线性规划模型。最后,以某省会城市实际运行的某一10 k V馈线组为例,验证了所提算法的实用性和有效性。
